CN107287170B - 一种海带中的ugd基因、其蛋白质及用途 - Google Patents
一种海带中的ugd基因、其蛋白质及用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107287170B CN107287170B CN201710704618.XA CN201710704618A CN107287170B CN 107287170 B CN107287170 B CN 107287170B CN 201710704618 A CN201710704618 A CN 201710704618A CN 107287170 B CN107287170 B CN 107287170B
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体属于基因工程领域,更具体涉及一种海带UGD基因、其蛋白质及用途。所述的UGD基因来源于海带,命名为SjaUGD基因,所述的SjaUGD基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。本发明还提供了一种GDP‑甘露糖‑6‑脱氢酶,所述的GDP‑甘露糖‑6‑脱氢酶由上述SjaUGD基因所编码,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列,其比活力高达7.99nanokatals·mg‑1;且具有更宽的最适反应温度范围和更高的热稳定性。本发明为褐藻胶的生物制备提供了优异的基因资源和酶资源。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体属于基因工程领域,更具体涉及一种海带UGD基因、其蛋白质及用途。
背景技术
褐藻胶,又称褐藻酸多糖,其钠盐形式称为褐藻酸钠(alginate),是由β-D-甘露糖醛酸(β-D-mannuronic acid,简称M)和α-L-古罗糖醛酸(α-L-guluronic acid,简称G)通过1,4糖苷键连接而成的直链多糖。迄今为止,可认为褐藻胶生物来源仅为褐藻门植物,如海带、马尾藻、巨藻等;以及多种机会致病菌,如铜绿假单胞细菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和土壤微生物棕色固氮菌(Azotobacter vinelandii)中。
褐藻胶可用作食品的增稠剂、乳化剂、品质改良剂等;褐藻胶用在医药工业上,作代血浆、止血剂、烫伤纱布、牙科印模剂、药品赋形剂、新型钡餐造影剂、胶囊等;用在水处理上,作硬水软化剂和除垢剂;用在农业上,作杀虫剂、促生长剂、保水剂等;褐藻胶可以制成活性染料、分散性染料、酸性染料、碱性染料和醇溶性染料,用在印染工业上;褐藻胶可作为造纸工业的上浆剂、填充剂、涂层剂等;褐藻胶用在橡胶工业上,可作橡胶浓缩剂、耐油剂等用在机械工业上,作焊接剂和切削剂;用在日用化工上,可作美容美发剂、洗涤剂等。
此外,褐藻胶在石油、采矿、建材、陶瓷等工业上也有重要的用途。由此可见,褐藻胶在生活生产的各个领域都有广泛的用途。
目前褐藻胶的生产方式为化学提取法,如中国专利申请201510743088和201010620628中公开的内容。在欧洲,主要以泡叶藻和掌状海带作为褐藻胶的提取原料;在美洲国家巨藻是提取褐藻胶的主要原料;在亚洲人工养殖海带就成了提取褐藻胶的主要原料。
短期来看,化学提取法虽然能够有效从原料中提取褐藻胶,然而其对藻类资源、能源需求和环境保护存在巨大的隐患。在本领域中,褐藻胶的化学提取法可以概括为以下步骤:海带、巨藻等原料的浸泡、水洗、甲醛、酸、碱处理、消化提取、过滤、凝析、漂白、脱水、中和、干燥、粉碎和包装等。不难看出,在褐藻胶的化学提取过程中会使用到甲醛、酸碱、金属盐、漂白剂等各种有毒原料,一方面这些原料的大量使用将会对环境造成严重污染,另一方面这些有毒原材料都将一定程度的存在于最终产品中,将会对消费者或终端使用者存在难以忽略的安全隐患。另外,众所周知的是化学提取过程会消耗大量的原材料、水资源和能源。也就是说在面临对褐藻胶产品的大量需求的市场问题是,化学提取方法并非是一种环保、节能、可持续的提取方法。
随着基因工程的不断发展,利用基因工程培养微生物进行产品生产已在工业生产的方方面面成功实现。褐藻胶的基因工程生产方法也终将会成为其合成方法的有效补充,甚至是替代传统的化学提取法。
利用基因工程合成产品需要使用到该产物在生命体中进行生物合成的相关基因。褐藻胶不是直接的基因产物,其生物合成主要分成四部分:前体的生成、前体的激活、前体的氧化以及糖单元的聚合、修饰与输出。褐藻胶生物合成中的相关基因在细菌中的研究比较彻底。在细菌中褐藻胶的生物合成是一种多步骤的复杂反应,涉及algA、algC、algD和algG等多达几十个基因。在褐藻中,存在上述细菌基因的同源基因,分别命名为PMI(Phosphomannose isomerase,磷酸甘露糖异构酶)、PMM(Phosphomannomutase,磷酸甘露糖变位酶)、GMD(GDP-D-mannose dehydratase,GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶)和MC5E(Alginate-C5-mannuronan-epimerase,褐藻胶-C5甘露糖醛酸差相异构酶)等,其中UGD基因的产物为UDP-葡萄糖脱氢酶,本发明发现海带中的该基因产物具有优异的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性,该酶参与褐藻中褐藻胶生物合成通路的重要步骤。
因此,UGD基因及其编码产物无疑是褐藻胶生物合成方法的重要基础,同时也将是褐藻胶生物合成方法中的重要元件。然而目前褐藻胶生物合成相关的UGD基因的克隆十分缺乏,已经公开的褐藻中编码GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶的也仅有一个GMD基因(EsGMD1),并无UGD基因。
综上所述,提供褐藻胶合成相关的UGD基因及其产物GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶,对褐藻胶的生物合成法具有重要实际应用意义。
本发明意外的发现海带中的UGD基因的编码产物UDP-葡萄糖-6-脱氢酶具有优异的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性,并且其最适反应温度范围十分宽,且耐热性能良好,因此为褐藻胶的生物合成提供了宝贵的基因和蛋白质资源
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足和缺陷,本发明提供了一种海带(Sacchrinajaponica)中的UGD基因,所述的UGD基因的编码产物为UDP-葡萄糖脱氢酶,该酶具有GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性,也就是具有催化GDP-甘露糖转化为GDP-甘露糖醛酸的活性。
一个方面,本发明提供了一种UGD基因,所述的编码UGD基因来源于海带(Sacchrina japonica),所述的UGD基因命名为SjaUGD基因,所述的SjaUGD基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。
另一个方面,本发明提供了一种由上述SjaUGD基因的编码的蛋白质,所述的蛋白质的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列;所述的蛋白质具有GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶的活性,能够催化GDP-甘露糖转化为GDP-甘露糖醛酸;所述的蛋白质命名为SjaUGD蛋白。
再一个方面,本发明还提供了含有上述SjaUGD基因的载体或基因工程细胞。
所述的载体可以为原核细胞表达载体或真核细胞表达载体。
所述的真核细胞表达载体选自:酵母表达载体、昆虫细胞表达载体或哺乳动物细胞表达载体。
所述的原核细胞表达载体可以为pET表达载体。
所述的pET表达载体包括但不限于:pET-22载体、pET-28载体、pET-30载体、pET-32载体、pET-34载体、pET-40载体或pET-42载体等。
所述的基因工程细胞包括但不限于:大肠杆菌细胞、枯草芽孢杆菌细胞、乳酸菌细胞或毕赤酵母细胞等。
再一个方面,本发明还提供了上述SjaUGD基因在制备褐藻胶中的用途。所述的用途指将该UGD基因导入基因工程细胞,从而使基因工程细胞能够产生褐藻胶。
另一个方面,本发明还提供了由上述SjaUGD基因所编码的蛋白质在制备褐藻胶中的用途。
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明不同于褐藻胶的常规制备工艺,也就是化学提取法。本发明提供的UGD基因编码的蛋白质具有GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性,是一种GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶,是褐藻胶生物合成中的重要酶,该基因或酶为褐藻胶的生物制备提供了重要的生物资源。本发明公开的UGD基因是首个公开的褐藻UGD基因。本发明中的UGD基因所编码的蛋白质具有更高的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶的催化活性,其比活力高达7.99nanokatals·mg-1;且具有非常宽的最适反应温度范围和很高的热稳定性。本发明为褐藻胶的生物制备提供了优异的基因资源和酶资源。
附图说明
图1为实施例3中的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图。
图2为为实施例5中的最适反应pH曲线图。
图3为实施例6中的最适反应温度曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。对所公开的实施例的下述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例中,而是可以应用于符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的更宽的范围。虽然在本发明的实施或测试中可以使用与本发明中所述相似或等价的任何方法和材料,本文在此处列举优选的方法和材料。
除非另外定义,本文中使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同意义。
实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件(例如参考J.萨姆布鲁克等著,黄培堂等译的《分子克隆实验指南》,第三版,科学出版社)或者按照产品说明书进行。
实施例1海带中UGD基因的获取
根据海带(Sacchrina japonica)全基因组序列信息,得到1个UGD基因,命名为SjaUGD基因,所述的SjaUGD基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。对SjaUGD基因进行全序列合成(委托上海旭冠生物科技发展有限公司生工生物工程股份有限公司进行合成),同时在起两端引入EcoRI和NotI酶切位点及相应保护碱基,得到SjaUGD基因序列。
实施例2SjaUGD基因的克隆表达和分离纯化
将实施例1合成得到的SjaUGD基因连接至pET32a载体(购自Novagen公司)的EcoRI和NotI位点之间,获得pET32a-SjaUGD重组载体;将获得的pET32a-SjaUGD重组载体转化大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞(购自Takara公司)中,并涂布于含有100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的LB固体培养平板上,37℃培养过夜;将阳性克隆接种至含有100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的LB固体培养基中,37℃培养至菌液OD600为0.4时,加入终浓度为0.5mM IPTG,在25℃、160rpm的诱导条件过夜诱导目的蛋白的表达;诱导结束后取2mL菌液于4℃、12000rpm离心5min,弃上清,将管倒置于吸水纸上;沉淀加入1/2体积提前预冷好的50mM的PBS缓冲液(PH=7.5)中(即2mL离心后的沉淀中加入1mL PBS),充分混匀;超声法破碎菌液,收集破碎后的上清液,用0.45μm的滤膜过滤,Ni柱(购自GE公司)纯化(纯化时所用溶液体系中加入200uMNAD以保证纯化的重组蛋白具有活性)后,使用PH=7.5的50mM的PBS缓冲液进行透析,获得重组蛋白,该重组蛋白为SjaUGD基因编码的蛋白质,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,命名为SjaUGD蛋白,功能为GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶
实施例3重组蛋白的鉴定
对实施例2获得的SjaUGD蛋白进行SDS聚丙烯酰胺胶电泳,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图如图1所示,SjaUGD蛋白的分子量约为50KD,符合预期大小。
实施例4GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶的功能验证和比活力测定
酶活测定方法:1mL的反应体系中包含终浓度为50mM的pH8.75的Tris-glycinebuffer、终浓度为1mM的NAD(购自罗氏公司),终浓度为0.5mM的GDP-甘露糖(购自西格玛公司),30μg的重组蛋白(其中重组蛋白为实施例2获得的SjaUGD蛋白);在室温下进行反应,在340nm处分别测定反应0min、6min和12min吸光值的变化,计算NADH的生成量。
测定结果:与空白对照(即在相同的反应体系中不加重组蛋白进行反应)相比,NADH的生成量明显增加,证明实施例2获得的SjaUGD蛋白具有GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性;对反应底物和反应产物进行鉴定后,分别为GDP-甘露糖和GDP-甘露糖醛酸。
采用酶活测定方法测定SjaUGD蛋白的比活力,并与目前褐藻中唯一公开的GMD基因编码的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶进行比较,结果如下表:由测定结果可知本发明提供的SjaUGD基因编码的SjaUGD蛋白(即由SjaUGD基因编码的具有GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性的重组蛋白)的活力明显高于现有技术,比活力是已经公开的GMD基因编码的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶约2倍多。也就是说本发明提供的SjaUGD基因以及其编码产物SjaUGD蛋白在褐藻胶合成通路中具有更高的合成效率。
基因 | 编码蛋白功能 | 比活力(nanokatals mg<sup>-1</sup>) |
已公开的EsGMD1基因 | GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶 | 3.3 |
本发明的SjaUGD基因 | GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶 | 7.99 |
实施例5最适反应pH值的测定
根据实施例4中的酶活测定方法,分别在不同pH值下(pH5.0、pH 6.0、pH 7.0、pH8.75、pH 9.0、pH 10.0)测定重组蛋白(即实施例2中的SjaUGD蛋白)的活性,绘制最适反应pH曲线,最适反应pH曲线如图2所示,根据图2显示:SjaUGD蛋白的最适反应pH为9.0。
实施例6最适反应温度的测定
根据实施例4中的酶活测定方法,分别在不同温度下(5℃、10℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、37℃、40℃、50℃、60℃)测定重组蛋白(即实施例2中的SjaUGD蛋白)的活性,绘制最适反应温度曲线,最适反应温度曲线如图3所示,根据图3显示:SjaUGD蛋白的最适反应温度为25-50℃。目前褐藻中唯一公开的GMD基因(EsGMD1基因)编码的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶的最适反应温度仅为30℃,也就是说本发明与现有技术相比较,具有更宽的最适反应温度范围,也就是更加适用于多种不同温度下合成反应,能够更好地和褐藻胶合成通路中的其他酶蛋白配合使用。
实施例7热稳定性测定
将重组蛋白(即实施例2中的SjaUGD蛋白)分别在30℃、37℃、40℃、50℃、60℃、70℃下加热一定时间后在测定其活性。结果显示:SjaUGD蛋白能够耐受高达50℃的热处理,在温度超过50℃后才发生酶活丧失现象。而目前褐藻中唯一公开的GMD基因(EsGMD1基因)编码的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶,其在大于30℃时,即发生失活现象,由此可见其根本不适用于实际的合成过程,也就是说本发明实施例2中的SjaUGD蛋白比现有技术的GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶的热稳定性更高,其活力在生物合成过程中更加耐久,更适用于实际合成过程。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 青岛海大蓝科生物科技有限公司、中国海洋大学
<120> 一种海带中的UGD基因、其蛋白质及用途
<130> 20170731
<160> 2
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 1476
<212> DNA
<213> Sacchrina japonica
<400> 1
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Claims (10)
1.一种海带中的UGD基因,其特征在于:所述的UGD基因命名为SjaUGD基因,所述的SjaUGD基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。
2.一种由权利要求1所述的UGD基因编码的蛋白质,其特征在于:所述的蛋白质的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列。
3.如权利要求2所述的蛋白质,其特征在于:所述的蛋白质具有GDP-甘露糖-6-脱氢酶活性,其功能是催化GDP-甘露糖转化为GDP-甘露糖醛酸。
4.含有权利要求1所述的UGD基因的载体。
5.如权利要求4所述的载体,其特征在于:所述的载体为pET表达载体。
6.含有权利要求1所述的UGD基因的基因工程细胞。
7.如权利要求6所述的基因工程细胞,其特征在于:所述的基因工程细胞为大肠杆菌细胞。
8.权利要求1所述的UGD基因在制备褐藻胶中的用途。
9.如权利要求8所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的用途指将该UGD基因导入基因工程细胞,从而使基因工程细胞能够产生褐藻胶。
10.权利要求2所述的蛋白质在制备褐藻胶中的用途。
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