CN107281304A - 一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107281304A CN107281304A CN201610204733.6A CN201610204733A CN107281304A CN 107281304 A CN107281304 A CN 107281304A CN 201610204733 A CN201610204733 A CN 201610204733A CN 107281304 A CN107281304 A CN 107281304A
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Abstract
本发涉及一种治疗仔猪腹泻的复方中兽药组合物及口服液制备工艺,所述中兽药组合物由杨树花、复合氨基酸、补液盐、丁酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠,苯甲酸钠组成,所述复合氨基酸由赖氨酸盐酸盐、天门冬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、组氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、谷氨酸组成,所述补液盐为氯化钠、碳酸氢钠、氯化钾、枸橼酸钠中一种或以上。本发明所述中兽药组合物原料获取便利,制备工艺简单,利于大生产。对仔猪腹泻的治疗明显由于常规治疗药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中兽药药品技术领域,特别涉及一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中药口服液及其制备方法。
背景技术
仔猪腹泻是一种典型的多因素性疾病。引起仔猪腹泻的病原种类繁多,病性复杂,有多种病原混合感染,长期以来仔猪腹泻是引起仔猪生长受阻和仔猪高死亡率的重要原因,仔猪腹泻的防治一直是一个引人注目的世界性问题。仔猪腹泻主要发生在1~3月龄,特别是1~3日龄的新生仔猪,7~20日龄的乳猪,断奶后10~15天的仔猪多发,有的规模化猪场仔猪腹泻发病率高达50%以上,死亡率15%~20%,腹泻引起的死亡占仔猪死亡总数的40%。我国仔猪腹泻十分普遍,30kg以下的仔猪,全年平均发病率46.5%,死亡率达15%,仔猪腹泻每年给养猪业带来的直接经济损失上亿元。在养猪业较发达的国家,如美国,仔猪断奶前死亡率15.5%,荷兰,仔猪断奶前死亡率11.5%~14.2%,死亡率高的主要原因是由腹泻所致,仔猪腹泻在发达国家养猪业中危害居首位,导致饲料报酬率低,仔猪成活率下降,生长缓慢,生长发育停滞(僵猪),甚至死亡,给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。
仔猪因肠道内尚未建立稳定的微生态系统,自身抵抗力较低,对外界刺激敏感,易受各种病原微生物的侵袭和各种应激因素的影响。哺乳仔猪以传染性腹泻较为常见,而保育仔猪以日粮抗原过敏、断奶、饲料突然更换、寒冷、环境应激等非传染性因素引起的腹泻为主。这两类因素间的关系十分密切,既相互影响,又互为因果。
引起仔猪腹泻的传染性因素主要是指传染性病原,其中病毒主要有猪传染性胃肠炎(TGE)病毒和轮状病毒:细菌主要有大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和魏氏梭菌等。
细菌性腹泻,仔猪大肠杆菌病是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的一类传染病,引起仔猪腹泻的主要有仔猪黄痢(早发性大肠杆菌病)和仔猪白痢(迟发性大肠杆菌病)。仔猪黄痢是初生仔猪的急性、致死性传染病。主要发生于1周龄内仔猪,以1~3日龄最为常见,发病率(90%)和死亡率(50%)均很高。临诊症状以排黄色或黄白色水样粪便和迅速死亡为特征。病仔猪精神萎顿,粪便呈黄色浆状、腥臭,严重者肛门松弛,排粪失禁,沾污尾、会阴和后腿部,肛门和阴门呈红色。迅速衰弱,脱水、消瘦、昏迷至死亡。从各个国家报道的血清型来看,差异较大,各个地方的优势血清型也有所不同,且出现新的血清型。
仔猪白痢主要发生于10~30日龄仔猪。发病率高,死亡率低,多发于寒冬、炎热季节,气候突变、阴雨潮湿、母猪饲料质量较差、母乳中含脂率过高等常常是本病的重要诱发因素。临床上以排灰白色浆状、糊状腥臭味稀粪为特征。
仔猪副伤寒由沙门氏菌感染引起。主要多发于1~2月龄仔猪。无明显的季节性,一年四季均可发病,但多发于寒冷、气温多变、阴雨连绵季节,环境卫生差、仔猪抵抗力降低等是本病的诱发因素。急性型常呈败血症变化,皮肤上有紫红色斑点;亚急性或慢性型表现为肠炎、消瘦和顽固性下痢,粪便恶臭,有时带血。
仔猪红痢由C型魏氏梭菌的外毒素引起,主要发生于1周龄以内的仔猪,以1~3日龄新生仔猪多见,偶发生于2~4周龄以下的仔猪。发病仔猪由于肠黏膜炎症和坏死以排出红色稀粪为特征,病程短,死亡率高。
非传染性因素主要包括仔猪消化机能不全、日粮抗原过敏、营养因子缺乏,应激因素等。
根据中兽医基础理论和仔猪的特点进行辨证,仔猪早期断奶腹泻可能是脾胃虚弱,伤食积热。中兽医理论认为无论是伤食伤乳,外感寒湿暑热风燥,还是脾胃不和,肾阳不煦,肝木乘土或肺金侮土所引起的腹泻,最根本的原因都是由于脾胃虚弱而导致泄泻。脾主运化水谷精微,胃主受纳腐熟水谷,二者互为表里。脾胃虚弱,水谷不能正常受纳腐熟,运化失常,升清降浊功能受损,则清浊不分,泄泻而下。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供包括杨树花、复合氨基酸、补液盐及肠道黏膜吸附剂的组合物,中西结合,杨树花发挥其抗菌、抗炎、镇痛、抗病毒、对心血管系统的保护作用及细胞毒等多方面药理活性;肠道黏膜修复剂维护肠道菌群,促进胃肠道细胞增殖;氨基酸、补液盐发挥其腹泻后补充身体机能增强免疫系统功能,制备成口服液,主要用于治疗仔猪腹泻。
所述一种治疗仔猪腹泻的兽药组合物,由以下重量份数的组分组成:杨树花800-1000份复合氨基酸80-200份补液盐60-150份丁酸钠50-100份,亚硫酸氢钠5份,苯甲酸钠4份,水加至10000份。
所述组合物优选杨树花900份,复合氨基酸200份,补液盐150份,丁酸钠80份,亚硫酸氢钠5份,苯甲酸钠4份。
所述复合氨基酸各组分重量份数为:赖氨酸盐酸盐30-38份、天门冬氨酸8-14份、亮氨酸14-21份、异亮氨酸15-20份、缬氨酸10-16份、精氨酸25-33份、甘氨酸30-37份、苯丙氨酸20-30份、苏氨酸16-23份、组氨酸21-28份、蛋氨酸8-15份、色氨酸2-6份、谷氨酸18-24份。
所述复合氨基酸组合物由以下重量份数的组分组成:赖氨酸盐酸盐33份、天门冬氨酸10份、亮氨酸15份、异亮氨酸16份、缬氨酸11份、精氨酸26份、甘氨酸30份、苯丙氨酸25份、苏氨酸16份、组氨酸28份、蛋氨酸8份、色氨酸2份、谷氨酸18份。
所述补液盐组成成分为氯化钠、碳酸氢钠、氯化钾、枸橼酸钠中的一种或两种以上组合。
其中所述组合物在制备治疗仔猪腹泻的药物上的应用。
所述抗氧化剂为亚硫酸氢钠,防腐剂为苯甲酸钠。
其中制备成注射液的步骤为:
(1)取杨树花加水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药1.5~3.0g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取补液盐处方量各组分,依次加入处方量1.5%的水中,搅拌溶解后,为补液盐溶液;
(3)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(4)取步骤(1)所述杨树花提取液加水至处方量,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐溶液搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶液,用20%盐酸溶液或氢氧化钠溶液调节pH5.0~7.0,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
所述的一种制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中,通过盐酸溶液或氢氧化钠溶液调节pH。
本发明的有益效果是:
中药杨树花提取液配合多种氨基酸及补液盐、丁酸钠为肠道修复剂,不产生抗药性,治疗疗效显著;另外,治疗的同时,能迅速补充动物机体内缺失的多种营养物质。
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明,但是并不是对本发明的限制,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作出进一步的具体说明,但本发明不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
组方:配制1000L的组方:
本实施例为本申请所述治疗仔猪腹泻的口服液,其制备方法为:
(1)取杨树花加900升水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药1.5g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(3)取步骤(1)杨树花提取液加水至800L,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶解,纯化水定容至1000升,测pH值为6.2,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
实施例2
组方:配制1000L的组方:
本实施例为本申请所述治疗仔猪腹泻的口服液,其制备方法为:
(1)取杨树花加800kg水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药2g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(3)取步骤(1)杨树花提取液加水至800L,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶解,纯化水定容至1000升,测pH值为6.3,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
实施例3
组方:配制1000L的组方:
本实施例为本申请所述治疗仔猪腹泻的口服液,其制备方法为:
(1)取杨树花加1吨水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药3g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(3)取步骤(1)杨树花提取液加水至800L,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶解,纯化水定容至1000升,测pH值为6.5,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
实施例4
组方:配制1000L的组方:
本实施例为本申请所述治疗仔猪腹泻的口服液,其制备方法为:
(1)取杨树花加1吨水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药3g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(3)取步骤(1)杨树花提取液加水至800L,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶解,纯化水定容至1000升,测pH值为5.8,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
实施例5
组方:配制1000L的组方:
本实施例为本申请所述治疗仔猪腹泻的口服液,其制备方法为:
(1)取杨树花加900kg水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药3g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(3)取步骤(1)杨树花提取液加水至800L,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶解,纯化水定容至1000升,测pH值为6.1,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
实施例6临床效果实验
唐山芦台农场某猪场精神正常,采食量不升,粪便发稀、消化不完全,将所述病猪分为三组,分别给药,空白对照组不作任何处理,试验组(本发明实施例1配制的组合物)按每1kg体重用本品2ml喂服,恩诺沙星注射液(10%)肌肉注射,每公斤体重0.5ml,连续用药3天,每天1次,用药完成后临床观察3天,每天观察并记录各组病例的发病情况、临床症状(包括肛门周围污物、粪便情况、精神状态、食欲等)及死亡情况。
治愈:凡在试验期间,猪用药后精神状态、食欲恢复正常,无呕吐、腹泻和脱水等症状,并无复发者,判为治愈。据此计算治愈率。
有效:经用药后试验猪的临床症状有所缓解,体重较用药前增加者判为有效。
无效:凡在试验期间试验猪的临床症状无改善或加重死亡,判为无效。
临床实验结果表明,本发明实施例一组用于治疗腹泻仔猪效果明显优于恩诺沙星注射液组,治愈率达92%。试验结果见表1。
表1
实验结果表明,”杨树花”口服液在相同条件下,其治愈率明显高于使用抗生素恩诺沙星组。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物,由以下重量份数的组分组成:
2.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物,所述组合物由以下重量份数的组分组成:
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物,所述组合物中复合氨基酸由以下重量份数的组分组成:
所述补液盐组成成分为氯化钠、碳酸氢钠、氯化钾、枸橼酸钠中的一种或两种以上组合。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物,所述组合物中复合氨基酸由以下重量份数的组分组成:
。
5.如权利要求1-4任一所述的一种治疗仔猪腹泻的中兽药组合物,其中制备成注射液的步骤为:
(1)取杨树花加水煎煮2次,滤过,将滤液浓缩至每毫升溶液相当于原生药1.5~3.0g,加入乙醇使其含醇量为70-75%,放置12h以上,过滤,取上清液,挥尽乙醇备用,为杨树花提取液;
(2)取处方量复合氨基酸各组分,混合均匀,为复合氨基酸组合物;
(3)取步骤(1)所述杨树花提取液加水至80%处方量,加入亚硫酸氢钠、苯甲酸钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解后加入复合氨基酸组合物,搅拌溶解后,加入补液盐搅拌均匀,加入丁酸钠搅拌溶液,用20%盐酸溶液或氢氧化钠溶液调节pH5.0~7.0,0.45um微孔滤膜过滤,100℃灭菌30分钟,即得。
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