CN107266058A - 一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107266058A
CN107266058A CN201710582349.4A CN201710582349A CN107266058A CN 107266058 A CN107266058 A CN 107266058A CN 201710582349 A CN201710582349 A CN 201710582349A CN 107266058 A CN107266058 A CN 107266058A
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谭海燕
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Abstract

本发明公开的一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制备而成：镁质泥10～13份，黑滑石10～12份，耐火泥33～35份，老砂10～12份，球石4～6份，铝粉4～6份，铝矾土5～7份，精洗泥17～19份,莫来石90‑160份,堇青石粉22‑35份,凹凸棒土8‑12份,煅烧高岭土8‑12份,透辉石8‑12份,电熔镁砂1‑8份,赤泥1‑3份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶1‑3份。本发明通过优化匣钵的原料组成，来提高匣钵的热稳定性、抗压能力、耐腐蚀性以及不易开裂等性能，使得匣钵具有使用寿命长，质量轻的优点。本发明采用的原料廉价，制备工艺简单绿色环保，可工业化实施。

Description

一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料匣钵领域，特别涉及一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵及其制备方法。
背景技术
匣钵是窑具之一。在烧制陶瓷器过程中，为防止气体及有害物质对坯体、釉面的破坏及污损，将陶瓷器和坯体放置在耐火材料制成的容器中焙烧，这种容器即称匣钵，亦称匣子。
使用匣钵烧制陶瓷器，不仅可提高装烧量、制品不致粘结、提高成品率，而且匣钵还具有一定的导热性和热稳定性，可保证陶瓷质量。匣钵的形状，依器物形状而异。我国龙山文化时期烧制的蛋壳黑陶，已经使用专门的匣钵。在山东省诸城市杨家子遗址曾采集过两件烧制龙山文化蛋壳陶的匣钵，这是目前所知最早的匣钵。后世发现的匣钵，以盛装瓷器为主，隋代湘窑已有发现。
随着清洁能源的应用，匣钵作为承载体在日用陶瓷企业的使用越来越少。但是匣钵作为盛料器皿，在陶瓷色料企业的应用仍然非常普遍，近几年来，由于原料、燃料、人工等成本的不断上涨，匣钵的价格也大幅度提高，尽管这样，匣钵的使用寿命却在降低，匣钵使用破损率每窑达16～22％，造成了严重的资源浪费和经济损失。如何提高匣钵使用次数，降低匣钵使用破损率，减少固体废物排放，提高企业效益，是现在亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对现有匣钵所存在的上述技术问题而提供一种使用寿命长、质轻的用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵及其制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题可以通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵，其由以下重量份的原料制备而成：镁质泥10～13份，黑滑石10～12份，耐火泥33～35份，老砂10～12份，球石4～6份，铝粉4～6份，铝矾土5～7份，精洗泥17～19份,莫来石90-160份,堇青石粉22-35份,凹凸棒土8-12份,煅烧高岭土8-12份,透辉石8-12份,电熔镁砂1-8份,赤泥1-3份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶1-3份。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述用于生产陶瓷的匣钵由以下重量份的原料制备而成：镁质泥11.22份，黑滑石10.21份，耐火泥34.15份，老砂11.18份，球石4.65份，铝粉4.23份，铝矾土6.24份，精洗泥18.12份，莫来石122份，堇青石粉25份，凹凸棒土9份，煅烧高岭土9份，透辉石9份，电熔镁砂2份，赤泥2份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶2份。
上述用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将各原料混合后进行湿法球磨，球磨后形成粉料过60目筛备用；
2)压坯成型，将球磨后粉料经造粒、压坯成型，在60Mpa压力下压制成型，保温2.5小时，脱模，得到匣钵坯体；
3)将坯体在500-600℃下预烧，随后进行水淬，将坯体快速放入水中，时间为22-35s；随后将水淬后的坯体放入50-60℃的油中，油冷22-35s；
4)将处理后的坯体在自然条件下干燥10-22h，放入窑炉内进行烧成，烧成温度为1160-1350℃，烧成时间为10-16小时。
由于采用了如上的技术方案，本发明通过优化匣钵的原料组成，来提高匣钵的热稳定性、抗压能力、耐腐蚀性以及不易开裂等性能，使得匣钵具有使用寿命长，质量轻的优点。本发明采用的原料廉价，制备工艺简单绿色环保，可工业化实施。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例，并参照数据进一步详细描述本发明。应理解，这些实施例只是为了举例说明本发明，而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的制备方法，包括如下制备步骤：
1)准备用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵原料，该用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的原料组成为：镁质泥10份，黑滑石10份，耐火泥33份，老砂10份，球石4份，铝粉4份，铝矾土5份，精洗泥17份，莫来石90份,堇青石粉22份，凹凸棒土8份,煅烧高岭土8份，透辉石8份,电熔镁砂1份，赤泥1份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶1份。
2)将各原料混合后进行湿法球磨，球磨后形成粉料过65目筛备用；
3)压坯成型，将球磨后粉料经造粒、压坯成型，在60Mpa压力下压制成型，保温2.5小时，脱模，得到匣钵坯体；
4)将坯体在600℃下预烧，随后进行水淬，将坯体快速放入水中，时间为25s；随后将水淬后的坯体放入55℃的油中，油冷25s；
5)将处理后的坯体在自然条件下干燥16h，放入窑炉内进行烧成，烧成温度为1220℃，烧成时间为12小时。
实施例2：
一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的制备方法，包括如下制备步骤：
1)准备用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵原料，该用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的原料组成为：镁质泥11.22份，黑滑石10.21份，耐火泥34.15份，老砂11.18份，球石4.65份，铝粉4.23份，铝矾土6.24份，精洗泥18.12份，莫来石122份；堇青石粉25份，凹凸棒土9份，煅烧高岭土9份，透辉石9份，电熔镁砂2份，赤泥2份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶2份。
2)将各原料混合后进行湿法球磨，球磨后形成粉料过65目筛备用；
3)压坯成型，将球磨后粉料经造粒、压坯成型，在60Mpa压力下压制成型，保温2.5小时，脱模，得到匣钵坯体；
4)将坯体在600℃下预烧，随后进行水淬，将坯体快速放入水中，时间为25s；随后将水淬后的坯体放入55℃的油中，油冷25s；
5)将处理后的坯体在自然条件下干燥16h，放入窑炉内进行烧成，烧成温度为1220℃，烧成时间为12小时。
实施例3：
一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的制备方法，包括如下制备步骤：
1)准备用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵原料，该用于生产陶瓷的匣钵的原料组成为：镁质泥13份，黑滑石12份，耐火泥35份，老砂12份，球石6份，铝粉6份，铝矾土7份，精洗泥19份，莫来石160份,堇青石粉35份，凹凸棒土12份,煅烧高岭土12份，透辉石12份,电熔镁砂8份，赤泥3份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶3份。
2)将各原料混合后进行湿法球磨，球磨后形成粉料过65目筛备用；
3)压坯成型，将球磨后粉料经造粒、压坯成型，在60Mpa压力下压制成型，保温2.5小时，脱模，得到匣钵坯体；
4)将坯体在600℃下预烧，随后进行水淬，将坯体快速放入水中，时间为25s；随后将水淬后的坯体放入55℃的油中，油冷25s；
5)将处理后的坯体在自然条件下干燥16h，放入窑炉内进行烧成，烧成温度为1220℃，烧成时间为12小时。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：镁质泥10～13份，黑滑石10～12份，耐火泥33～35份，老砂10～12份，球石4～6份，铝粉4～6份，铝矾土5～7份，精洗泥17～19份,莫来石90-160份,堇青石粉22-35份,凹凸棒土8-12份,煅烧高岭土8-12份,透辉石8-12份,电熔镁砂1-8份,赤泥1-3份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶1-3份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵，其特征在于，所述用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵由以下重量份的原料制备而成：镁质泥11.22份，黑滑石10.21份，耐火泥34.15份，老砂11.18份，球石4.65份，铝粉4.23份，铝矾土6.24份，精洗泥18.12份，莫来石122份，堇青石粉25份，凹凸棒土9份，煅烧高岭土9份，透辉石9份，电熔镁砂2份，赤泥2份；纳米氢氧化铝溶胶2份。
3.权利要求1或2所述的一种用于生产陶瓷的改进型匣钵的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将各原料混合后进行湿法球磨，球磨后形成粉料过60目筛备用；
2)压坯成型，将球磨后粉料经造粒、压坯成型，在60Mpa压力下压制成型，保温2.5小时，脱模，得到匣钵坯体；
3)将坯体在500-600℃下预烧，随后进行水淬，将坯体快速放入水中，时间为22-35s；随后将水淬后的坯体放入50-60℃的油中，油冷22-35s；
4)将处理后的坯体在自然条件下干燥10-22h，放入窑炉内进行烧成，烧成温度为1160-1350℃，烧成时间为10-16小时。
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