CN107260914A - 一种中药组合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种中药组合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种中药组合物及其制备方法,配方中中药原料按重量份配比为:山豆根6~14、绞股蓝20~40、女贞子20~40、制天南星6~14、猪苓15~25、仙鹤草20~40以及三七粉1~5。本发明配方清热解毒、益气养阴、利水渗湿、祛瘀镇痛,主治非小细胞肺癌。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物及其制备方法与应用,属于抗癌药物制备领域。
背景技术
原发性肺癌(以下简称肺癌)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。据美国统计,2016年美国肺癌占所有恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率的第一位。而在中国,仅在2015年,我国共有73万新发肺癌病例和61万肺癌死亡病例,发病率和死亡率排在各种不同肿瘤类型之首。
虽然在一般情况下,外科手术是早期肺癌的主要治疗手段,但由于肺癌早期症状不明显,绝大部分患者发现时已经是中晚期,无法进行手术治疗。此时,中医药治疗、局部放疗、化疗以及分子靶向治疗成为主要治疗手段。对于基因未突变者,以顺铂为基础的化疗方案是标准的一线化疗方案,但由于多重耐药、易局部复发和远处转移以及较大剂量或连续用药可致严重的肾毒性等不良反应等问题,往往造成患者无法耐受、从而中断治疗,严重影响肺癌患者的生存率及预后。因此,寻求疗效稳定持久、毒副作用小且能够提高患者生活质量的抗肿瘤药物意义重大。
传统医药在综合治疗肺癌中有着独特的优势:中医药可改善患者症状,提高生活质量,一定程度上防治肺癌复发、转移以及延长生存期等。中医认为热邪久留体内,血遇热则凝,津液遇火灼为痰,热与痰、瘀等蕴结形成热毒,热毒阻塞于经络脏腑,就可形成肿瘤。可见热毒是肺癌发生与发展的重要病理基础之一,因此清热解毒法在治疗肺癌的过程中起着不可替代的作用。在治疗肿瘤的中草药中,清热解毒药所占比例也比较大,代表药有山豆根、金银花、蒲公英等。现代药理研究表明,清热解毒药不仅具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的药效学作用,同时能够诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡以及调整机体免疫力、阻断致癌基因突变、抑制癌基因转录、调控基因表达等功效。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种中药组合物及其制备方法,该配方清热解毒、益气养阴、利水渗湿、祛瘀镇痛,主治非小细胞肺癌。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明公开了一种中药组合物,其由下述按重量份配比的中药原料制成:
方中绞股蓝,女贞子共为君药。绞股蓝性寒、味甘、微苦,归肺、脾、心、肾经,具有清热解毒,清肺化痰止咳,补气养阴生津,养心安神,固精之功效。现代药理证实其可通过影响Bcl-2家族诱导凋亡而对肝癌产生治疗作用,在诱导凋亡的同时,伴随有细胞ROS的生成、线粒体膜的破裂和细胞外信号调节激酶的分布。女贞子味甘、苦,凉,归肝、肾经,具有扶正固本,滋补肝肾,明目乌发之功效,现代药理表明其科通过激活凋亡线粒体信号通路抑制肝癌细胞的生长,诱导细胞凋亡。方中绞股蓝、女贞子一者清热养阴,一者滋补肝肾,共达清热解毒,补虚养阴之功,同为君药。方中山豆根、天南星(制)为臣药。山豆根味苦,寒;有毒。归肺、胃经,具有清热解毒,消肿利咽之功,能够通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制多种癌细胞。天南星(制)味苦、辛,温;归肺、肝、脾经,有散结消肿之功;有研究表明,天南星多糖能够抑制人肾癌细胞GRC-1的增殖作用;方中山豆根、天南星(制)合用共达解毒化痰之功,为臣药。并以猪苓利水渗湿,仙鹤草、三七凉血止血祛瘀散结,全方共奏清热解毒、益气养阴、活血祛瘀、化瘀利痰之功。本发明在改善肺癌患者临床症状,提高肺癌患者的生存质量,具有很好的安全性和有效性。
制备本发明中药组合物的优选中药原料按重量份配比为:
制备本发明中药组合物的最佳中药原料按重量份配比为:
本发明的另一目的是提供该中药组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将配比量的山豆根、绞股蓝、女贞子、天南星(制)、猪苓和仙鹤草用水浸泡半小时后取出煎煮,加入上述原料药物质量12~14倍的水,煮沸1~2小时后过滤煎液;
(2)药渣再加上述原料药物质量6~8倍的水,煮沸1~2小时后过滤煎液,两次煎液合并,静置10~15小时,取上清液浓缩至稠膏状,拌入配比量的三七粉既得。
其中,还包括步骤(3),将步骤(2)制备得到的药物真空干燥得干浸膏,然后粉碎后与药用辅料混合,制成药学上可接受的各种剂型。
其中,步骤(1)所述浓缩可以采用常压浓缩方法、减压浓缩或薄膜浓缩等;干燥方法可以是接触干燥、气流干燥、隧道式干燥、沸腾干燥、远红外干燥、喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥、微波干燥或真空干燥。
其中,步骤(3)所述药用辅料为常用的药用辅料,例如糊精、蛋白糖等。
其中,步骤(3)所述的剂型是颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、口服液、丸剂、混悬剂、滴丸剂、微丸剂、口含片、口崩片、胶丸、溶液剂;优选颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、口服液、溶液剂;更优选颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂;最优选颗粒剂。
上述制备方法制备得到的中药组合物在制备治疗非小细胞肺癌药物中的应用,尤其是治疗非小细胞肺癌。
该中药组合物的鉴别方法为:
(1)取成品5g,以1%的盐酸50毫升溶解,过滤。滤液以三氯甲烷提取三次,每次20mL,弃去三氯甲烷液,母液以10%的氢氧化钠液碱化,再以三氯甲烷萃取三次,每次20mL,合并三氯甲烷萃取液,置水浴上蒸干,残留物加三氯甲烷1mL使溶解,作为供试品液。另取苦参碱对照品,用甲醇制成每毫升含1mg的溶液,作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法(中国药典2005年版一部附录VI B)试验,吸取上述两种溶液各5μL,分别点于同一块硅胶G板上,以三氯甲烷—甲醇—浓氨水(5:0.6:0.1)作展开剂,展开后取出晾干,喷以碘化铋钾试剂。供试品色谱中,在与对照品色谱相对应的位置上,显相同的色斑。
(2)取成品2g,加水20mL溶解,滤过,取滤渣少许,置显微镜下观察:树脂道碎片易见,腔道内含黄色分泌细胞及滴状或块状分泌物;并可见棱角宽钝的草酸钙簇晶。
有益效果:
1、本申请在改善肺癌患者临床症状,提高肺癌患者的生存质量,具有很好的安全性和有效性。
2、目前治疗肺癌的中药大多为汤剂,处方量大,药味多,使用不方便,而本申请优选颗粒剂,使用方便,能提高患者的依从率。
3、本申请制备工艺简单,提取效率高,节约制备成本。
4、本申请药物可制成颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂等剂型,服用方便。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1是该中药组合物对A549细胞增殖的抑制效果;
图2是该中药组合物对A549细胞影响的DAPI荧光染色分析;
图3、图4是该中药组合物对A549细胞凋亡的影响;
图5是该中药组合物对A549细胞活性氧生成的影响;
图6是该中药组合物对瘤重的影响;
图7是该中药组合物对移植瘤的抑制率;
图8是该中药组合物对小鼠体重的影响;
图9是该中药组合物对A549细胞进行处理后,细胞内Bax/Bcl-2、caspase-8、-9、-3、-PARP蛋白表达条带图;
图10是该中药组合物对A549细胞内Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响;
图11是该中药组合物对A549细胞内Caspase-3蛋白表达的影响;
图12是该中药组合物对A549细胞内Caspase-9蛋白表达的影响;
图13是该中药组合物对A549细胞内PARP蛋白表达的影响。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1
中药原料按重量份配比为:
(1)将配比量的山豆根、绞股蓝、女贞子、制天南星、猪苓和仙鹤草用水浸泡半小时后取出煎煮,加入上述原料药物质量12倍的水,煮沸1.5小时后过滤煎液;
(2)药渣再加上述原料药物质量6倍的水,煮1.5小时后过滤煎液,两次煎液合并,静置12小时,取上清液浓缩至稠膏状,拌入配比量的三七粉,真空干燥得干浸膏;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的干浸膏粉碎,将适量蛋白糖溶解于质量百分浓度为85%的乙醇溶液中,与所得干浸膏粉料混合,然后湿法制粒,经干燥、整粒、分装,即得。
实施例2
中药原料按重量份配比为:
(1)将配比量的山豆根、绞股蓝、女贞子、制天南星、猪苓和仙鹤草用水浸泡半小时后取出煎煮,加入上述原料药物质量14倍的水,煮沸2小时后过滤煎液;
(2)药渣再加上述原料药物质量8倍的水,煮1小时后过滤煎液,两次煎液合并,静置10小时,取上清液浓缩至稠膏状,拌入配比量的三七粉,真空干燥得干浸膏;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的干浸膏粉碎,加适量糊精混匀进行湿法制粒,干燥,灌胶囊制备成硬胶囊剂。
实施例3
中药原料按重量份配比为:
(1)将配比量的山豆根、绞股蓝、女贞子、制天南星、猪苓和仙鹤草用水浸泡半小时后取出煎煮,加入上述原料药物质量13倍的水,煮沸1小时后过滤煎液;
(2)药渣再加上述原料药物质量7倍的水,煮2小时后过滤煎液,两次煎液合并,静置15小时,取上清液浓缩至稠膏状,拌入配比量的三七粉,真空干燥得干浸膏;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的干浸膏粉碎,加入适量糊精混匀进行湿法制粒,干燥,压片,制备成片剂。
实施例4
临床上该中药组合物长期服用仅见轻度胃肠道不适,无明显毒副作用,具有很好的安全性和有效性。
1、病例选择
全部病例诊断与分期符合晚期非小细胞肺癌诊断,辨证符合中医气阴两虚、痰毒瘀滞型。治疗组30例,其中男22例,女10例,年龄38-65岁,鳞癌17例,腺癌13例,Ⅲ期14例,Ⅳ期16例。
2、治疗方法
口服实施例1制备得到的中药组合物,每天3次,每次一袋,每袋装6g,连服一个月为一疗程。本组用药2-6疗程(平均3.8个疗程)。
3、结果
3.1对肿瘤抑制的作用
根据WHO化疗疗效标准,该中药组合物合化疗组(以下简称治疗组)对晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效为:CR为0%,PR为13.3%,SD为50.0%,PD36.7%,近期有效率(CR+PR)为13.3%,稳定率为63.3%。
3.2对生存期的影响
平均生存期为9.03月,中位生存期(MDS)为7.96月,显示该中药组合物具有延长患者生存期的作用。
3.4关于安全性与不良反应
该中药组合物未见过敏反应、皮疹、发热等不良反应。对肝肾功能五明显损害,心电图检查正常,具有良好的安全性。
实施例5
1、MTT法检测该中药组合物对A549细胞增殖的影响
MTT实验结果表明,A549细胞经不同浓度该中药组合物处理后,细胞生长受到明显的抑制。该中药组合物处理24hr后,即有明显的增殖抑制作用。且随着药物浓度剂量的增加,细胞的抑制率逐渐上升。该中药组合物作用于A549细胞24h的IC50是0.5762±0.124g/mL,见图1。
2、DAPI荧光染色分析
对照组细胞的细胞核近圆形、边缘清晰、染色均匀。该中药组合物处理后24h后,随着该中药组合物浓度的增高,核内的染色质出现不规则凝集,进而凝集加剧,染色质固缩为团块状,凋亡小体的数量增多,见图2。
3、该中药组合物对A549细胞凋亡的影响
不同浓度的中药组合物(0.125g/mL、0.25g/mL、0.5g/mL)处理A549细胞后,随着该中药组合物浓度的升高,流式双染仪器检测细胞凋亡率明显增加见图3。A549细胞的早期凋亡率分别为2.71%,6.51%,16.08%,17.36%;晚期凋亡率分别为1.96%,3.01%,11.39%,24.92%,见图4。
4、该中药组合物诱导A549细胞ROS的产生
DCFH-DA荧光探针FCM分析该中药组合物对A549细胞活性氧生成的影响。用不同浓度的该中药组合物分别处理A549细胞,结果发现:A549细胞ROS生成水平均上调,且呈剂量依赖性,见图5。
实施例6
该中药组合物对移植性肿瘤EAC生长的抑制作用
实验结果表明,用药后卡培他滨组和该中药组合物各剂量组均能抑制EAC移植瘤在裸鼠体内的生长,移植瘤的重量低于模型组。模型组,该中药组合物低、中、高剂量组和卡培他滨组的平均瘤重分别为:1.00±0.20g,0.98±0.18g,0.70±0.42g,0.46±0.31g,0.37±0.07g。模型组,该中药组合物各剂量组和卡培他滨组抑瘤率分别为:0,2.411%,30.359%,54.195%,67.207%。单因素方差分析处理结果显示,该中药组合物高剂量组和卡培他滨组裸鼠瘤重极显著低于空白对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)见图6、图7;给药前后,该中药组合物颗粒各剂量组对小鼠体重无明显抑制作用(P<0.01),卡培他滨0.5g/kg组对实验动物体重有显著抑制作用(P<0.05),见图8。
实施例7
Western-blot法检测了该中药组合物对Bax/Bcl-2、caspase-8、caspase-9、caspase-3、-PARP蛋白表达的影响(图9)。由图10可知,与空白组比较,实验组经该中药组合物颗粒各剂量处理后A549细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达显著减少,Bax表达增多,同时Bcl-2/Bax比值降低。与空白组比较,实验组经该中药组合物颗粒各剂量处理后A549细胞Caspase-3、Caspase-9及PARP蛋白表达明显减弱;同时,Cleaved-caspase-3、Cleaved-caspase-9及Cleaved-PARP蛋白表达显著增强(见图11、图12和图13)。因此可以推断该中药组合物颗粒诱导细胞凋亡是通过Caspase依赖的途径发挥作用(实验重复3次,所有数据使用Mean±SEM来表示,不同组间进行单因素方差分析。当值P<0.05时认为差异显著,用*表示。当值P<0.01时认为差异极显著,用**表示)。
本发明提供了一种中药组合物及其制备方法与应用的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (9)
1.一种中药组合物,其特征在于它是包括下述重量份配比的中药原料:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药组合物,其特征在于各中药原料按重量份配比为:
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种中药组合物,其特征在于各中药原料按重量份配比为:
4.权利要求1~3任意一项所述的一种中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将配比量的山豆根、绞股蓝、女贞子、制天南星、猪苓和仙鹤草用水浸泡半小时后取出煎煮,加入上述原料药物质量12~14倍的水,煮沸1~2小时后过滤煎液;
(2)药渣再加上述原料药物质量6~8倍的水,煮沸1~2小时后过滤煎液,两次煎液合并,静置10~15小时,取上清液浓缩至稠膏状,然后拌入配比量的三七粉既得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,还包括步骤(3),将步骤(2)制备得到的药物干燥得干浸膏,然后粉碎后与药用辅料混合,制成药学上可接受的各种剂型。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述浓缩采用常压浓缩、减压浓缩或薄膜浓缩中的一种。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述剂型是颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或溶液剂中的一种。
8.根据权利7所述的一种中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的胶囊剂选自硬胶囊;片剂选自口含片、口崩片;丸剂选自滴丸剂、微丸剂;溶液剂选自口服液、混悬液。
9.权利要求4~8任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的中药组合物在制备治疗非小细胞肺癌药物中的应用。
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