CN107247181A - A kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time - Google Patents
A kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time Download PDFInfo
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- CN107247181A CN107247181A CN201710270861.5A CN201710270861A CN107247181A CN 107247181 A CN107247181 A CN 107247181A CN 201710270861 A CN201710270861 A CN 201710270861A CN 107247181 A CN107247181 A CN 107247181A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
- G01R23/14—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by heterodyning; by beat-frequency comparison
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time, this method is under digital environment, applied clock cursor effect and digital rim effect suppress quantization error present in Digital Measuring Technique, and the phase difference two signals is measured with reference to digital phase detection algorithm, frequency stability is obtained by phase difference, the frequency stability measurement of total reponse time is realized.The method can realize the accurate measurement of the transient state stability, short-term stability and long-term stability in different frequency source, inherently disclose the frequency stability in different frequency source with the changing rule of response time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frequency and the e measurement technology of frequency stability, the especially total reponse time in different frequency source
Frequency stability measurement.It is widely used in communication, electronic engineering, navigator fix, Field of Time and Frequency etc..
Background technology
Traditional frequency stability measurement method has a lot, such as by the phase coincidence method of phase difference measurement, between the time
Every measurement and double mixing time difference methods, pass through the beat method of frequency measurement, frequency multiplication method and analog interpolation etc., these measurements
Method is all based on greatly gate counting, can only measure the frequency stability of ms and the above, and mostly pass through meter in the environment of simulation
Number gates are measured, although can reach certain measurement accuracy, but exist single-point zero passage detection it is more sensitive to noise,
To link performance requirement strictly, the problems such as circuit limited resolution, and can not be too short due to counting gate, lead to not obtain
The frequency stability index of shorter time, but the measurement of the frequency stability of these shorter times is for the shake of frequency source,
The description of real-time short-term instability degree and distal end phase noise has important effect.
For these situations, it is proposed that phase difference measurement is carried out under digital platform, analog signal is passed through into analog-to-digital conversion
Device is transformed into data signal, and the sample clock frequency of analog-digital converter is controlled, so as to get data signal have numeral
Confusion region, suppresses quantization error using digital edge effect, the phase difference between signal is obtained with reference to phase demodulation algorithm, so as to obtain frequency
Rate stability.The comprehensive frequency stability of frequency source is grasped with the changing rule of response time, frequency can be inherently distinguished
The phase or FREQUENCY CONTROL in rate source, this be also frequency source is improved must GPRS technology.
The content of the invention
Object of the present invention is to provide a kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time, realize not
The measurement of the transient state stability in same frequency source, short-term stability and long-term stability, it is intended to inherently disclose different frequency source
Frequency stability with the changing rule of response time, the phase or FREQUENCY CONTROL in crossover frequency source.
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that：A kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time, it is special
Levy and be, under digital environment, adjust the sample clock frequency of analog-digital converter, make sampled clock signal and analog-digital converter defeated
Entering has clock cursor effect between signal.Using this effect, digital mixer and digital filtering are replaced with analog-digital converter
Device extracts the digital Beat Signal between sampled clock signal and input signal, and the digital Beat Signal so obtained has numeral
Confusion region, and the instantaneous phase of input signal is remained, appropriate regulating frequency synthesizer makes digital Beat Signal compare letter
Number phase zero crossing region have more sampled points, pass through phase demodulation algorithm and complete to the instantaneous phase of zero crossing area sampling point
Extraction, realize the measurement of transient state stability.Suppress quantization error in combination with digital edge effect, again by phase demodulation algorithm
The phase difference of measured signal and reference signal is obtained, the measurement of short-term frequency stability and long-term frequency stability is realized.
With reference to clock cursor effect, replacing digital mixer and low pass filter to complete with analog-digital converter, numeral is lower to be become
Frequently, the digital Beat Signal that it is obtained, each sampled point is the input signal for being directed to analog-digital converter, sampled point according to
The old instantaneous phase that maintain original signal, by extracting this prompting message with regard to the transient state stability of signal can be obtained.
When measuring transient state stability, two passages of measured signal and reference signal difference input analog-to-digital converter, two
Passage is sampled under the control of same sampling clock to two paths of signals, the frequency of appropriate regulation phase shifter and sampled clock signal
Rate, makes more samples in the phase zero crossing region of signal, arcsine is carried out to the sampled point in these zero crossing regions
Phase demodulation, the instantaneous phase obtained between reference signal and measured signal is poor, and instantaneous frequency stability is calculated by instantaneous phase difference.
The frequency stability measurement method of total reponse time, it is characterised in that the sampled point positioned at signal zero-crossing region
Corresponding phase resolution highest, the linearity is best, the phase resolution highest corresponding to analog-digital converter.At zero crossing
Phase resolution PpCalculation formula is：
U in formulaccFor the measurement range of analog-digital converter, UcFor the maximum amplitude of analog-digital converter input signal, fAFor
The frequency of input signal.
The frequency of sampling clock is adjusted, sample clock frequency and frequency input signal is met clock cursor effect condition：
f0=fs+Δf(f0And fsThe nominal frequency of input signal and the frequency of sampling clock are represented respectively), at this moment input signal and adopt
Phase difference change between sample clock signal has special regularity, i.e., often by a sampling period, sampled clock signal
The amplitude increase between Δ t, two corresponding sampled points relative can be pulled open with the rising edge of input signal or reduces Δ u,
And this change is using the least common multiple one number time between sampled clock signal and input signal as mechanical periodicity.
Δ t=Ts-T0 (2)
If the digit of analog-digital converter is N, measurement range is Ucc, then the minimum voltage change that analog-digital converter can be differentiated
Turn toAssuming that the input signal of analog-to-digital conversion device isSo analog-digital converter is adopted
Sample process is as follows：
Wherein TsFor sampling period, n=1,2,3 ....By f0=fs+ Δ f is brought into (2), is obtained：
Abbreviation obtains (4) formula：
As can be seen that analog-digital converter input is that frequency is f from formula (4)0Signal, after quantization, output
It is that frequency is Δ f=fs-f0Signal, such analog-digital converter just completed with down coversion.
The poor Δ u of two neighboring sample amplitude size is as follows：
Δ u=y ((m+1) TB)-y(mTB) (6)
Wherein m is the positive integer more than zero, and abbreviation is obtained：
Δ u=y (mTB+TA-Δt)-y(mTB)=y (mTB-Δt)-y(mTB) (7)
If Δ u<Ucc/(2N- 1), i.e., resolution ratio of the change less than analog-digital converter of adjacent double sampling amplitude, then
Analog-digital converter can not differentiate the amplitude size of this adjacent double sampling and they are quantized into same value, here it is modulus turns
Caused by the lack of resolution of parallel operation.Δ t is very small in practical application, therefore, and analog-digital converter can export many same magnitudes
Point, and from macroscopically, the data that analog-digital converter quantifies output would is that step-like, and each step is exactly a number
Word confusion region.
The frequency stability measurement method of total reponse time, it is characterised in that each numeral confusion region is by many etc.
The quantized value identical groups of samples at interval into.The quantized value size of the sampled point of different confusion regions is all different, adjacent fuzzy
The quantized value difference 1 of interval sampled point.In same confusion region, representated by the sampled point positioned at diverse location in confusion region
Phase information it is all different, the size of quantization error is also different：The more remote sampled point of range ambiguity district center, it quantifies to miss
Difference is bigger.On the contrary, the nearer sampled point of range ambiguity district center, its quantization error is smaller, and in the middle of each confusion region
In the presence of one and the minimum sampled point of true value deviation, the center positioned at confusion region.
The frequency stability measurement method of total reponse time, it is characterised in that the sampled point in same digital confusion region
True amplitude it is different, in same digital confusion region between neighbouring sample point true amplitude size difference Δ u, therefore,
Can be to the point in confusion region successively label, the edge of confusion region is marked as 1, and other increase successively, compensate in this way
To improve the resolution ratio of analog-digital converter, or the edge of confusion region is directly taken, a fixed compensation is added, with such side
Formula gets actual value or the sampled point close to actual value, suppresses the quantization error in digital measurement.
The frequency stability measurement method of total reponse time, it is characterised in that in short-term frequency stability and long run frequency
In the measurement of stability, for reference signal, according to the size of the least common multiple one number time of sampled clock signal and input signal,
The edge sample points for choosing same confusion region in zero crossing region every time carry out phase demodulation, obtain the phase of reference signal.And it is right
In measured signal, there is a frequency difference because measured signal and reference signal are not from same source, between them, cause correspondence
Sampled point be not located at the edge of confusion region in zero crossing region, therefore in the measurements, it is necessary to calculate these sampled points from
The distance at confusion region edge, rear phase demodulation is compensated to it, obtains the phase of measured signal.By the two phases be worth to by
The phase difference surveyed between signal and reference signal, calculates short-term and long-term frequency stability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention realize block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is short-term and long-term frequency stability measuring principle figure of the invention.
Fig. 4 is high stability crystal oscillator self-correcting frequency stability figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the frequency stability figure of rubidium clock of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the frequency stability figure of crystal oscillator of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is DDS of the present invention frequency stability figure.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the frequency stability measurement method of total reponse time is illustrated in fig. 1 shown below, and is broadly divided into Fig. 1
Analog portion and numerical portion.Analog portion is mainly the design of analog-digital converter input channel, the main mould realized to input
Intend signal to be filtered and anti-noise jamming processing.The analog input signal passage of analog-digital converter is designed on printed board cabling
Into differential pair, in layout between each passage symmetrically, noise jamming can be reduced.The effect of frequency synthesizer in Fig. 1 is
The quantizing process of analog-digital converter is controlled, clock cursor effect is formed.Phase shifter is adjusted in transient state stability measurement, can be made
More samples are in the zero crossing region of signal.Numerical portion is mainly responsible for the realization of algorithm.Analog-digital converter is exported
Data signal first pass through a plan Gaussian filter, mainly eliminate the random noise of a part of analog-digital converter, Ran Houli
The suppression of quantization error is carried out with digital edge effect.Quadrant judges to be realized with the FIFO of a certain length, by judging
The sign bit of the size and data of FIFO two and intermediate data judges the quadrant residing for data signal.Arcsine algorithm is used
Cordic algorithm realizes that the obtained phase difference of measurement is sent to the calculating that single-chip microcomputer carries out frequency stability.
Assuming that the expression formula of measured signal is yx=Axsin(2πf0t+φx(t)), the expression formula of reference signal is y0=
A0sin(2πf0t+φ0(t)), sample frequency is fs=f0+Δf(Δf<<f0), after being sampled by analog-digital converter, complete with
Down coversion, the data signal of two passage output is such as shown in (7)：
N=1 in formula, 2 ..., TsFor the sampling period.By fs=f0+ Δ f brings abbreviation into, obtains (8)：
The data signal phase demodulation exported to analog-digital converter, the instantaneous phase of the data signal exported：
Reference signal and the phase difference of measured signal are such as shown in (10)：
Phase difference between the output signal of two passages is as shown in (11)：
The phase difference of reference signal and measured signal is obtained by (10) and (11) abbreviation：
WhereinThen
Therefore, phase difference and the original phase difference of two input signals after analog-digital converter phase demodulation has one times
Number relation.
When measuring transient state stability, two passages of measured signal and reference signal difference input analog-to-digital converter, two
Passage is sampled under the control of same sampling clock to two paths of signals, the frequency of appropriate regulation phase shifter and sampled clock signal
Rate, makes more samples in the zero crossing region of signal, arcsine phase demodulation is carried out to the sampled point in these zero crossing regions,
The instantaneous phase obtained between reference signal and measured signal is poor, and instantaneous frequency stability is calculated by instantaneous phase difference, measurement
Principle is as shown in Figure 2.
F in Fig. 2xAnd f0The frequency of measured signal and reference signal, θ are represented respectivelyiAnd βiSignal zero-crossing is represented respectively
Angle corresponding after each sampled point phase demodulation in region.The frequency and f of sampled clock signalxAnd f0Between deviation to use up
Amount is small, or deviation can be allowed to be essentially 0.TmaxRepresent the least common multiple one number time of sampled clock signal and reference signal.By scheming
2 understand, it is Δ p that measured signal is poor relative to the instantaneous phase of reference signal in a cycle：
In the measurement of short-term frequency stability and long-term frequency stability, for reference signal, believed according to sampling clock
Number and input signal least common multiple one number time size, the edge sampling of same confusion region in zero crossing region is chosen every time
Point carries out phase demodulation, obtains the phase of reference signal.And for measured signal, because measured signal and reference signal are not from together
, there is a frequency difference in one source between them, causes corresponding sampled point to be not located at the edge of confusion region in zero crossing region,
Therefore in the measurements, it is necessary to calculate these sampled points from confusion region edge with a distance from, rear phase demodulation is compensated to it, is tested
The phase of signal.The phase difference between measured signal and reference signal is worth to by the two phases, is calculated short-term and long-term
Frequency stability.Measuring principle figure is as shown in Figure 3.
F in Fig. 3s-fxAnd fs-f0Represent that measured signal and reference signal are changed by analog-digital converter respectively, after output
The frequency of data signal.θ in Fig. 3 represents angle corresponding after sampled point phase demodulation in reference signal zero crossing region, β and β '
Angle after now measured signal correspondence sampled point phase demodulation respectively, the two sampled points might not measured signal zero crossing
Region.TmaxRepresent the least common multiple one number time of sampled clock signal and reference signal.It is used for that of sampled reference signal in Fig. 3
The data signal of individual passage output takes the edge of some step of zero crossing region every time, and it is 0 and quantization typically all to take quantized value
It is worth for the edge between 1 two steps, and takes every time the same, is f for frequency therefores-f0Data signal because often
The position of the secondary sampled point taken is identical, therefore angle corresponding every time is same.And for measured signal, corresponding output frequency
Rate is fs-fxData signal be not edge, therefore in the measurements, it is necessary to calculate the distance at these sampled point destage rank edges,
And it is compensated, if this compensation is γ and γ ', then phase difference p1For：
In the measurement of short-term and long-term stability, and all sampled points of reference signal need not be taken to carry out quantization error
Processing, but reference signal zero crossing is only taken according to the size of least common multiple one number time between reference signal and sampled clock signal
Neighbouring sampled point is handled.Reason is calculating frequency stability and does not need the phase difference of each sampled point, and zero passage
The point in point region can not only eliminate linearity error, and the change maximum slope of the point in zero crossing region, analog-to-digital conversion
Phase resolution highest corresponding to device.And for measured signal, due to the reality between two nominal value identical signal sources
Frequency is devious, and therefore, with the extension of comparison time, the phase difference between two signals changes at 0 degree to 360 degree, because
This can not accomplish the sampled point that zero crossing region is also only taken for measured signal, but can also be suppressed using digital edge effect
Quantization error.
Fig. 4 is the experimental result picture that constant-temperature crystal oscillator self-correcting is carried out on Fig. 1 experiment porch, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 points
It is not the measurement result to rubidium atomic clock, crystal oscillator and DDS total reponse time frequency stabilities on experiment porch.
It should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to previous embodiment, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to preceding
State the technical scheme described in embodiment to modify, or which part technical characteristic is replaced on an equal basis.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time, it is characterised in that under digital environment, adjusts mould
The sample clock frequency of number converter, makes between sampled clock signal and analog-digital converter input signal there is clock vernier to imitate
Should, using this effect, the digital difference between sampled clock signal and analog-digital converter input signal is extracted with analog-digital converter
Signal is clapped, the digital Beat Signal so obtained has digital confusion region, and remains the wink of analog-digital converter input signal
Shi Xiangwei, appropriate regulating frequency synthesizer makes digital Beat Signal have in the phase zero crossing region for comparing signal and more adopted
Sampling point, completes the extraction to the instantaneous phase of zero crossing area sampling point by phase demodulation algorithm, realizes the measurement of transient state stability,
Suppress quantization error in combination with digital edge effect, the phase difference of measured signal and reference signal obtained by phase demodulation algorithm,
Realize the measurement of short-term frequency stability and long-term frequency stability.
2. a kind of digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When measuring transient state stability, two passages of measured signal and reference signal difference input analog-to-digital converter, two passages are same
Two paths of signals is sampled under the control of one sampling clock, the frequency of appropriate regulation phase shifter and sampled clock signal makes more
Sample in the zero crossing region of signal, arcsine phase demodulation is carried out to the sampled point in these zero crossing regions, referred to
Instantaneous phase between signal and measured signal is poor, and instantaneous frequency stability is calculated by instantaneous phase difference.
3. the digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be located at
Phase resolution highest corresponding to the sampled point in signal zero-crossing region, the linearity is best, the phase corresponding to analog-digital converter
Phase resolution P at bit resolution highest, zero crossingpCalculation formula is：
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U in formulaccFor the measurement range of analog-digital converter, UcFor the maximum amplitude of analog-digital converter input signal, fAFor input letter
Number frequency.
4. the digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each
Digital confusion region is all by many equally spaced quantized value identical groups of samples into the amount of the sampled point of different digital confusion region
Change value size is all different, the quantized value difference 1 of the sampled point of consecutive number word fuzzy interval, in same digital confusion region,
The phase information representated by sampled point positioned at diverse location in digital confusion region is all different, and the size of quantization error also differs
Sample：The more remote sampled point of the fuzzy district center of distance numeral, its quantization error is bigger, on the contrary, nearer apart from the fuzzy district center of numeral
Sampled point, its quantization error is smaller, and has in the middle of each digital confusion region one and adopted with true value deviation minimum
Sampling point, the center positioned at digital confusion region.
5. the digitization frequencies stable measurement method of total reponse time according to claim 4, it is characterised in that same
The true amplitude of sampled point in number word confusion region is different, true between neighbouring sample point in same digital confusion region
Amplitude size differs Δ u, therefore, it can to the point in confusion region successively label, the edge of confusion region is marked as 1, and other are successively
Increase, compensates to improve the resolution ratio of analog-digital converter in this way, or directly takes the edge of confusion region, adds one
Fixed compensation, gets actual value or the sampled point close to actual value in this way, suppresses the quantization in digital measurement
Error.
6. the digitization frequencies stable measurement method of described total reponse time is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that measurement
During short-term and long-term frequency stability, for reference signal, according to sampled clock signal and analog-digital converter input signal most
The size of small common multiple one number time, the edge sample points that same digital confusion region in zero crossing region is chosen every time carry out phase demodulation,
Obtain the phase of reference signal；And for measured signal, it is necessary to calculate correspondence sampled point from digital confusion region edge with a distance from, it is right
It compensates rear phase demodulation, obtains the phase of measured signal；By the two phases be worth to measured signal and reference signal it
Between phase difference, calculate short-term and long-term frequency stability.
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| CN108710026A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-10-26 | 东南大学 | Frequency stability measurement method based on high-precision phase frequency analysis and system |
| CN109374966A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-22 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of mains frequency estimation method |
| CN110007149A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | A kind of linear ratio phase method of digitlization phase shift auxiliary |
| CN110007150A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | A kind of linear ratio phase method of Direct Digital Phase Processing |
| CN110595514A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | Phase adaptive circuit in rotary-to-digital converter and control method thereof |
| CN110988463A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-04-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for accurately acquiring signal frequency and frequency stability through digital phase comparison |
| CN111999559A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Digital linear phase comparison method based on double ADCs |
| CN113466670A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-10-01 | 绅克半导体科技(苏州)有限公司 | Time delay measuring circuit, AC calibration device and IC measuring device |
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| CN108710026B (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2020-05-05 | 东南大学 | Frequency stability measuring method and system based on high-precision phase frequency analysis |
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| CN110007150A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | A kind of linear ratio phase method of Direct Digital Phase Processing |
| CN110007149A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | A kind of linear ratio phase method of digitlization phase shift auxiliary |
| CN110007150B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-01-22 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | Linear phase comparison method for direct digital phase processing |
| CN110007149B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-01-22 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | Linear phase comparison method assisted by digital phase shift |
| CN110595514A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | Phase adaptive circuit in rotary-to-digital converter and control method thereof |
| CN110595514B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-10-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | Phase adaptive circuit in rotary-to-digital converter and control method thereof |
| CN110988463A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-04-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for accurately acquiring signal frequency and frequency stability through digital phase comparison |
| CN111999559A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Digital linear phase comparison method based on double ADCs |
| CN111999559B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-08-31 | 西安电子科技大学 | Digital linear phase comparison method based on double ADCs |
| CN113466670A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-10-01 | 绅克半导体科技(苏州)有限公司 | Time delay measuring circuit, AC calibration device and IC measuring device |
| CN113466670B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-18 | 绅克半导体科技(苏州)有限公司 | Time delay measuring circuit, AC calibration device and IC measuring device |
| CN115865079A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 复旦大学 | High-precision phase difference measuring device and method for main clock link and standby clock link |
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