CN107245435A - A kind of apparatus and method of the difficult biochemical biochemical coupling methane phase of organic solid waste pyrolysis - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method of the difficult biochemical biochemical coupling methane phase of organic solid waste pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN107245435A CN107245435A CN201610971891.4A CN201610971891A CN107245435A CN 107245435 A CN107245435 A CN 107245435A CN 201610971891 A CN201610971891 A CN 201610971891A CN 107245435 A CN107245435 A CN 107245435A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/20—Heating; Cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
A kind of apparatus and method of the difficult biochemical biochemical coupling methane phase of organic solid waste pyrolysis, device is made up of continuous feeding device, Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers, high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber, charcoal storage bin, gas-liquid separation and cooling device, biomethanation reactor and control system etc.；Difficult biochemical organic solid waste is catalyzed to the pyrolysis gaseous mixture and charcoal being converted into two Room pyrolysis ovens based on hydrogen and carbon monoxide in high temperature, charcoal is by the outer row's storage of jacket type cooling, the pyrolysis water of noncondensable gas and containing water-soluble organic matter after separation cooling each leads into biomethanation reactor, non-condensing gas are converted into biomethanation reactor rich in methane gas, pyrolysis water provides nutrition for microorganism and improves methane production, and the high-quality cleaning utilization of resources is carried out so as to realize difficult biochemical organic solid waste being converted into methane.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of difficult biochemical organic the invention belongs to the solid waste energy technical field containing organic substance
Solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry couples the apparatus and method of methane phase.
Background technology
Organic solid waste rich in abundant organic matter carries out recycling turns into development trend.Wherein with compost and anaerobism
Biochemical process route based on methanation is increasingly becoming one of important agent technology of organic solid waste recycling, and derived from the technology
Residue is further such as where after the biochemical oversize of hardly possible biochemistry based on plastic products and lignin substance or biochemical treatment
Reason disposal turns into an important problem；And difficult biochemical organic solid waste this at present is mainly disposed with filling, burning for main handle
Technology, causes the wasting of resources and environmental pollution of organic matter；In addition, difficult biochemistry organic solid waste is particularly this plastic refuse
Residue after the oversize or biochemistry that are constituted with lignin contains abundant C and H, is the generation preferable raw material of methane, will be upper
State raw material and change into methane, solve the problems, such as difficult biochemical organic solid waste recycling, reduce environmental pollution, while producing high-quality clear
Clean methane gas, is increased economic efficiency, and the particularly difficult biochemical organic solid waste of processing organic solid waste is had important practical significance.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of difficult biochemical organic solid waste heat
Solution-biochemistry couples the apparatus and method of methane phase, during difficult biochemical organic solid waste is entered by closed continuous feeding device first
Warm pyrolysis chamber warms solution in carrying out, and is escaping gas and charcoal by material conversion, charcoal is directly from pyrolysis oven medium temperature chamber
Water cooling chuck storage bin is discharged into, and escaping gas is directly entered the further catalytic pyrolysis in pyrolysis oven high-temperature catalytic room for hydrogen again
High temperature pyrolysis gaseous mixture based on gas and carbon monoxide, high temperature pyrolysis gaseous mixture is cooled by gas-liquid separation and cooler again
Property gas-liquid separation, the non-condensing gas of generation and pyrolysis water containing water soluble organic substance enter life in different forms respectively
Produce methane reactor, will be water-soluble in the gas components such as the hydrogen and carbon monoxide of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis water by microbial action
Property organic matter be converted into methane, so as to realize that difficult biochemical organic solid waste is converted into methane and carries out high-quality cleaning recycling.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry couples the device of methane phase, including：
Continuous feeding device 1；
The Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 for the level that charging aperture is connected with continuous feeding device 1；
The charcoal storage bin 5 being connected with the discharging opening of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2；
The high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 that air inlet is connected with the exhaust outlet of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2；
The gas-liquid separation device 6 and cooling device 7 being connected successively with the exhaust outlet of high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3；
And the biology being connected with the exhaust outlet of cooling device 7, the leakage fluid dram of gas-liquid separation device 6 and the leakage fluid dram of cooling device 7
Methane-producing reactor 8.
The continuous feeding device 1 is bidirectional sealed structure, regulates and controls inlet amount by frequency converter, is vertically arranged, electronic spiral shell
Precession material, the water leg cooling of transportation section progress vertically downward, prevents hot gas from causing moisture content in dry material to escape, and material is agglomerating to be blocked
Charging, also plays sealing function.The Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 are horizontally disposed with, and high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 is vertically arranged, increase heat
Vent one's spleen and catalyst order of contact, decrease floor space.
The built-in mesh bag 4 that catalyst is housed in the high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, it is easy to replace, also can catalyst high temperature again
It is raw.
The charcoal storage bin 5 is water cooling jacket type structure, and is gone out with charcoal storage bin 5 and Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2
The pipeline of material mouth connection is also water cooling jacket type structure, it is to avoid spontaneous combustion is arranged outside high-temperature biological charcoal, charcoal performance is reduced.
The gas that high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 is produced enters before biomethanation reactor 8, passes through the He of gas-liquid separation device 6
Noncondensable gas and condensing gas separation are cooled to the suitable temperature of microorganism by cooling device 7, then respectively in different forms
It is passed through biomethanation reactor 8.Cooling device 7 can be water cooling plant.
Present invention also offers the methane phase of the device based on the difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry coupling methane phase
Method, comprises the following steps：
A. difficult biochemical organic solid waste material is added to continuous feeding device 1, it is ensured that anaerobic is in continuous feeding device 1
Material, the leading portion of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 is delivered to downwards by vertical spiral, then be fed forward by flat spin by state；
B. control the temperature of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 at 300-600 DEG C by temperature controller, pass through controlled level revolution speed of screw modulator
It is to be discharged into outside 20-40min, the charcoal that middle warm solution is produced into charcoal storage to expect the residence time in Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2
Case 5, the escaping gas of generation is directly entered high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3；
C. control the temperature of high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 at 700-1000 DEG C by temperature controller, macromolecular condensability gas will be contained
Body is converted into the high temperature pyrolysis mixed gas based on non-condensing gas；
D. the high temperature pyrolysis mixed gas based on non-condensing gas passes sequentially through gas-liquid separation device 6 and cooling
Device 7, is condensed into liquid by water vapour and small organic molecule and obtains the pyrolysis water rich in water soluble organic substance, into bio
Methane reactor 8, non-condensing gas enter biomethanation reactor 8 by gas aerator；
E. non-condensing gas are converted into biomethanation reactor 8 rich in methane gas, organic rich in water solubility
The pyrolysis water of thing provides nutrients for microorganism, improves methane production.
The difficult biochemical organic solid waste refers to the oversize before organic solid waste biochemistry or the residue after biochemistry, and organic solid waste refers to
Be one or more in municipal refuse, sewage sludge, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, industrial organic solid waste.
The Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 and high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 are two temperature chambers of pyrolysis oven, and solid material is in 300-
600 DEG C of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 react, and the escaping gas that Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 are produced exists
More than 700 DEG C of high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 reacts.
Catalyst in the high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 is to be also easy to produce the Ni-based composite catalyst of hydrogen.
The non-condensing gas are based on hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Compared with prior art, difficult biochemical organic solid waste is passed through thermal pyrolytic technology and bioanalysis anaerobism skill by the present invention
Art is converted into methane gas and charcoal, has explored a difficult biochemical the organic solid waste particularly biochemical oversize of organic solid waste or life
Change the technology path that residue carries out recycling, realize that difficult biochemical organic solid waste cleans disposal and high-quality recycling profit
With being had important practical significance to difficult biochemical organic solid waste material resource treatment and use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 couples the apparatus structure schematic diagram of methane phase for the difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry of the present invention.
Embodiment
The particular technique method and apparatus to the present invention are carried out in detail, completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
Description explanation, described embodiment is only the part example of the present invention, rather than whole example.People in the art
Member does not make the every other example obtained under the premise of creative work, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of device of difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry coupling methane phase, including vertical bidirectional are close
The continuous feeding device 1 closed, Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2, high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, the mesh bag 4 of built-in catalyst, water leg cooling
The charcoal storage bin 5 of structure, gas-liquid separation device 6, cooling device 7 and biomethanation reactor 8 etc..
Difficult biochemistry solid waste material is first by being set to the continuous feeding device 1 of vertical bidirectional electric screw, and by becoming
The inlet amount that the regulation and control of frequency device enter in Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2 realizes closed continuous feed purpose.Then solid material is in middle warm solution
Room 2 carries out Non-oxygen pyrolytic and produces charcoal and the pyrolysis gas based on condensing gas.Charcoal is cooled down by water cooling chuck
Enter storage bin 5 to room temperature, and pyrolysis gas enters back into high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 and is further converted to based on hydrogen and carbon monoxide
Small molecule pyrolysis gaseous mixture.The high temperature pyrolysis gaseous mixture finally produced first passes through separation with being respectively enterd after refrigerated separation cooling
Biomethanation reactor 8, methane gas is converted into by bioanalysis by pyrolysis gas and water soluble organic substance.
Specific methane phase method comprises the following steps：
A. organic solid waste material is added to continuous feeding device 1, it is ensured that anaerobic state is in Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2, led to
Cross vertical spiral and material is delivered to downwards to the leading portion of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2, then be fed forward by flat spin, material is in middle warm
Residence time in solution room 2 is regulated and controled by frequency converter；
B. the material in step a enters Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers 2, controls temperature of reactor at 300-600 DEG C by temperature controller, leads to
Cross and control revolution speed of screw regulation and control material to be 20-40min in the middle warm solution indoor residence time, the charcoal of middle warm solution generation
Outer row, into storage bin 5, the escaping gas of generation is directly entered high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3；
C. the escaping gas in step b enters high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, and temperature is controlled in 700-1000 by temperature controller
DEG C, the mixed gas based on the noncondensables such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide will be converted into containing macromolecular condensing gas；
D. the high temperature pyrolysis qi leel based on non-condensing gas produced from step c is not by gas-liquid separation device 6
With cooling device 7, water vapour and small organic molecule are condensed into liquid；
The non-condensing gas such as the hydrogen and carbon monoxide e. produced from step d enter bio by gas aerator
Methane reactor 8, is converted into rich in methane gas；To be also passed into biomethanation anti-for the pyrolysis water rich in water soluble organic substance simultaneously
Device 8 is answered, nutrients is provided for microorganism, methane production is improved.
In the present invention, difficult biochemistry organic solid waste refers to the oversize before organic solid waste biochemistry or the residue after biochemistry；
Organic solid waste refers to the one or more in municipal refuse, sewage sludge, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, industrial organic solid waste.
Exemplified by using the biochemical oversize of kitchen garbage or biochemical residue as material, by plastic refuse and lignin thing
Matter with>1:The material of 7 ratio composition is added to continuous feeding device 1, and pyrolysis medium temperature chamber 2 is controlled in about 500 DEG C, residence time
30min, the charcoal of yield about 25% sends storage outside by water leg screw；And the condensability of generation and mixing for noncondensable
Close pyrolysis gas and be introduced directly into high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, selected catalyst is Ni/ molecular sieve composite catalysts, and temperature control exists
900 DEG C or so, the hydrogen and carbon monoxide produced in gaseous mixture respectively accounts for 50% and more than 35% respectively, and the heat of mixing is vented one's spleen and is pyrolyzed
Water is produced with CH by biomethanation reactor 84For the gas of main body, CH4Account for more than 60%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry couples the device of methane phase, it is characterised in that including：
Continuous feeding device (1)；
The Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) for the level that charging aperture is connected with continuous feeding device (1)；
The charcoal storage bin (5) being connected with Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) discharging opening；
The high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) that air inlet is connected with Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) exhaust outlet；
The gas-liquid separation device (6) and cooling device (7) being connected successively with high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) exhaust outlet；
And the life being connected with cooling device (7) exhaust outlet, gas-liquid separation device (6) leakage fluid dram and cooling device (7) leakage fluid dram
Produce methane reactor (8).
2. difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry couples the device of methane phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Continuous feeding device (1) is stated for bidirectional sealed structure, is vertically arranged, electric screw is fed, water-filling folder is entered in transportation section vertically downward
Set cooling, and inlet amount is regulated and controled by frequency converter, the Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) are horizontally disposed with.
3. difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry couples the device of methane phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the built-in mesh bag (4) that catalyst is housed in high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3).
4. difficult biochemical organic solid waste pyrolysis-biochemistry couples the device of methane phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Charcoal storage bin (5) is stated for water cooling jacket type structure, and with charcoal storage bin (5) and Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) discharging opening
The pipeline of connection is also water cooling jacket type structure.
5. a kind of methane phase side of the device based on difficult biochemistry organic solid waste pyrolysis described in claim 1-biochemistry coupling methane phase
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. difficult biochemical organic solid waste material is added to continuous feeding device (1), it is ensured that anaerobic is in continuous feeding device (1)
Material, Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) leading portion is delivered to downwards by vertical spiral, then be fed forward by flat spin by state；
B. control Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) temperature at 300-600 DEG C by temperature controller, material is regulated and controled by controlled level revolution speed of screw
Residence time in Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) is to be discharged into outside 20-40min, the charcoal that middle warm solution is produced into charcoal storage
Case (5), the escaping gas of generation is directly entered high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3)；
C. control high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) temperature at 700-1000 DEG C by temperature controller, macromolecular condensing gas will be contained
It is converted into the high temperature pyrolysis mixed gas based on non-condensing gas；
D. the high temperature pyrolysis mixed gas based on non-condensing gas passes sequentially through gas-liquid separation device (6) and cooling dress
(7) are put, water vapour and small organic molecule are condensed into liquid obtains the pyrolysis water rich in water soluble organic substance, into bio
Methane reactor (8), non-condensing gas enter biomethanation reactor (8) by gas aerator；
E. non-condensing gas are converted into rich in methane gas in biomethanation reactor (8), rich in water soluble organic substance
Pyrolysis water provide nutrients for microorganism, improve methane production.
6. methane phase method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that it is biochemical that the difficult biochemical organic solid waste refers to organic solid waste
Residue after preceding oversize or biochemistry, organic solid waste refers to that municipal refuse, sewage sludge, agriculture and forestry organic waste material, industry have
One or more in machine solid waste.
7. methane phase method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2) and high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis
Room (3) is two temperature chambers of pyrolysis oven, and solid material reacts 300-600 DEG C of Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers (2), Zhong Wen pyrolysis chambers
(2) high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) reaction of the escaping gas produced more than 700 DEG C.
8. methane phase method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the catalyst in the high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3)
For based on Ni-based composite catalyst.
9. methane phase method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the non-condensing gas are with hydrogen and carbon monoxide
Based on.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111647442A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-11 | 清华大学 | Method and device for preparing hydrogen-rich synthetic gas by two-step catalytic pyrolysis of high-plasticity inert garbage |
| CN113172079A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-27 | 南开大学 | Urban and rural organic solid waste rapid heat treatment device and application |
| CN115340882A (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2022-11-15 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Method for generating gas based on microwave pyrolysis and control system thereof |
| CN115340882B (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2024-04-19 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Method for generating gas based on microwave pyrolysis and control system thereof |
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| CN105602999A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-05-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | System and method used for producing high-quality biological methane gas from biomass |
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| US20080280338A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | Hall Kenneth R | Biofuel Processing System |
| US8383871B1 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2013-02-26 | Brian G. Sellars | Method of hydrogasification of biomass to methane with low depositable tars |
| CN104388105A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-04 | 清华大学 | Device and method for producing synthetic gas by continuous two-stage catalytic pyrolysis |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111647442A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-11 | 清华大学 | Method and device for preparing hydrogen-rich synthetic gas by two-step catalytic pyrolysis of high-plasticity inert garbage |
| CN113172079A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-27 | 南开大学 | Urban and rural organic solid waste rapid heat treatment device and application |
| CN115340882A (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2022-11-15 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Method for generating gas based on microwave pyrolysis and control system thereof |
| CN115340882B (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2024-04-19 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Method for generating gas based on microwave pyrolysis and control system thereof |
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