CN107244232B - 乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置 - Google Patents

乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置 Download PDF

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CN107244232B
CN107244232B CN201710303434.2A CN201710303434A CN107244232B CN 107244232 B CN107244232 B CN 107244232B CN 201710303434 A CN201710303434 A CN 201710303434A CN 107244232 B CN107244232 B CN 107244232B
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gear
motor
generator
speed
clutch
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CN107244232A (zh
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彭增雄
胡纪滨
魏超
李学良
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开一种乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置，只布置一个离合器，实现并联工况，通过行星排进行发电机的增速，定轴齿轮实现电动机的减速增扭，结构和工艺都较为简单，便于控制成本。该混合动力传动装置包括：输入轴、减振器、离合器、增速行星排、差速器、电动机、发电机和定轴齿轮传动机构。起步、低速、中速工况采用纯电驱动或者串联混合动力驱动，电动机单独驱动车辆，电动机的功率可来至电池组或者发电机。串联混合动力工况下，发动机通过增速行星排驱动发电机发电，此时发电机可工作在经济油耗区间，多余的电能可存储在电池组内。发动机直驱工况时，离合器接合，发动机的动力直接驱动车辆行驶，减少一次能量转化过程，提高传动效率。

Description

乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置
技术领域
发明涉及一种传动装置，具体涉及一种串并联混合动力传动装置，属于动力传动技术领域。
背景技术
混合动力传动技术为乘用车节能减排的重要手段，各大汽车厂家积极发展。丰田公司的THS混联形式的混动技术具备良好的节油效果，利用行星机构进行功率分流，保证发动机常工作在经济区间，但行星机构要求较高。串联形式的混合动力系统能保证发动机工作在经济区间，适合于经常启停、负荷变化剧烈、城市行车等工况；但对于高速稳定工况，由于多了一次能量转化，效率较低。并联形式混合动力系统适合于高速工况，获得高传动效率，高动力性能。串并联混合动力系统能有效应对城市工况和高速工况，实现低燃油消耗。
CN 103298637 B公布了一种乘用车双电机串并联混合动力装置，两台电机同轴布置，通过两对定轴齿轮实现发电机的增速和电动机的减速，离合器布置在定轴齿轮中间。CN103097159 B公布了该传动装置的详细结构形式。
CN 102869526 B公布了一种乘用车双电机串并联混合动力转置，两台电机同轴布置，通过两个行星机构实现内发电机的增速和电动机的减速，布置两个离合器，实现两个并联的机械挡位。
CN 103221242 B公布了一种乘用车双电机串并联混合动力转置，两台电机同轴布置，通过两个行星机构实现内发电机的增速和电动机的减速，布置4个或者5个离合器/制动器，实现4到6个并联的机械挡位。实现多个并联挡位，需要增加离合器/制动器数目，导致结构和工艺复杂，CN 103298637 B公布的单个并联挡位的混合动力传动装置是较为简单的解决方案，适用于城市和高速工况，能达到较高的燃油经济性。
发明内容
有鉴于此，提供一种乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置，在该传动装置中只布置一个离合器，实现并联工况，通过行星排进行发电机的增速，定轴齿轮实现电动机的减速增扭，结构和工艺都较为简单，便于控制成本。
所述的乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置包括：输入轴、减振器、离合器、增速行星排、差速器、电动机、发电机和定轴齿轮传动机构；所述定轴齿轮传动机构包括：齿轮A、齿轮B、齿轮C、齿轮D和齿轮E；
其连接关系为：所述输入轴通过减振器连接发动机输入轴，且分别与离合器的主动端和增速行星排的齿圈连接，增速行星排的行星架制动，所述发电机的转子与增速行星排的太阳轮连接；
所述电动机的转子连接齿轮B，所述齿轮B与齿轮C啮合，所述离合器的被动端与齿轮A相连，所述齿轮A与齿轮D啮合，所述齿轮C、齿轮D以及齿轮E共轴，所述齿轮E与差速器减速齿轮啮合，左输出轴和右输出轴分别与所述差速器相连。
当所述离合器处于分离状态时，该传动装置处于串联工况，此时所述电动机和发电机均工作；发动机的动力经过所述输入轴输入后，依次经过所述减振器、增速行星排、发电机、电动机、齿轮B、齿轮C、齿轮E、差速器减速齿轮、差速器后分别经过左输出轴和右输出轴输出；
当所述合器离接合时，该传动装置可以采用发动机直驱模式，或电动机、发电机辅助驱动模式以及制动能量回收模式；在所述发动机直驱模式下，所述电动机和发电机均不工作，发动机的动力经过所述输入轴输入后，依次经过所述减振器、离合器、齿轮A、齿轮D、齿轮E、差速器减速齿轮、差速器后分别经过左输出轴和右输出轴输出；在电动机和发电机辅助驱动模式下，所述电动机和发电机均处于电动机工作模式，和发动机共同驱动；当需要制动能量回收时，所述电动机和发电机处于发电机工作模式，回收制动能量。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述增速行星排布置在发电机所在侧；所述定轴齿轮传动机构布置在电动机所在侧，电动机与减振器之间；所述离合器位于所述电动机和发电机之间，所述齿轮A的齿轮轴和齿轮B的齿轮轴均依次套装在输入轴外；该种布置方式能够充分利用电机端部绕组的空间。
作为本发明的另一种优选方式，所述增速行星排布置在发电机所在侧；所述离合器和定轴齿轮传动机构均布置在电动机所在侧，电动机与减振器之间；所述齿轮B的齿轮轴套装在输入轴外；该种布置方式能够减少套轴层数，简化结构。
有益效果：
(1)该传动装置中只布置一个离合器，实现并联工况，通过行星排进行发电机的增速，定轴齿轮实现电动机的减速增扭，串联工况应对起步、中低速行驶，保证发动机工作在常用高效区间；并联工况用于高速行驶，具备较高的传动效率；结构和工艺都较为简单，便于控制成本。
(2)增速行星排布置在发电机侧，空间紧凑，可与发电机进行异性设计，提高发电机的转速，保证发电机的功率密度。
(3)在该传动装置中发电机、电动机同轴布置，结构和工艺简单。
(4)离合器布置灵活，可布置在发电机和电动机之间，充分利用电机端部绕组的空间；也可布置在输入端，减少套轴层数。
(5)电动机可全程进行制动能量回收，提高整车经济性。
(6)如匹配较大容量的动力电池组，采用电动机驱动车辆行驶，可方便拓展为插电混合动力系统。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中串并联混合动力传动装置简图；
图2实施例1中串并联混合动力传动装置串联工况动力传递构件图；
图3实施例1中串并联混合动力传动装置发动机直驱工况动力传递构件图；
图4为实施例2中串并联混合动力传动装置简图；
其中，1-发动机输入轴，2-减振器，3-齿轮A，4-齿轮B，5-电动机、6-发电机、7-增速行星排的齿圈、8-增速行星排的太阳轮、9-增速行星排的行星架，10-离合器、11-齿轮C、12-齿轮D、13-左输出轴，14-差速器、15-右输出轴，16-差速器减速齿轮、17-齿轮E、18-输入轴。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种适用于乘用车的串并联混合动力传动装置，如图1所示，该传动装置包括：输入轴18、减振器2、离合器10、增速行星排、差速器14、电动机5、发电机6以及多个齿轮。其中，电动机5和发电机6同轴布置，增速行星排布置在发电机6所在侧，离合器10位于电动机5和发电机6之间，其连接关系为：输入轴18的一端通过减振器2连接发动机输入轴1，另一端依次与离合器10的主动端和增速行星排的齿圈7连接，增速行星排的行星架9制动，发电机6的转子与增速行星排的太阳轮8连接。
电动机5的转子连接齿轮B4，齿轮B4与齿轮C11啮合，离合器10的被动端与齿轮A3相连，齿轮A3与齿轮D12啮合，其中齿轮A3的齿轮轴和齿轮B4的齿轮轴均依次同轴套装在输入轴18外；齿轮C11、齿轮D12以及齿轮E17共轴，齿轮E17与差速器减速齿轮16啮合，左输出轴13和右输出轴15分别与差速器14相连。
串联工况如图2所示，此时离合器10处于分离状态，电动机5和发电机6均工作，动力的流动方向：发动机输入轴1→减振器2→增速行星排→发电机6→电动机5→齿轮B4→齿轮C11→齿轮E17→差速器减速齿轮16→差速器→左(右)输出轴。
并联工况时，可以依据实际工况需求，采用发动机直驱，或电动机5、发电机6辅助驱动以及制动能量回收模式。发动机直驱工况如图3所示，此时离合器10接合，动力的流动方向：发动机输入轴1→减振器2→离合器10→齿轮A3→齿轮D12→齿轮E17→差速器减速齿轮16→差速器14→左(右)输出轴。当辅助驱动时，电动机5和发电机6处于电动机工作模式(电动机5和发电机6的工作模式可依据需要转换)，和发动机共同驱动。当需要制动能量回收时，电动机5和发电机6处于发电机工作模式，制动能量储存在电池组中。
实施例2：
如图4所示，与图1所示的实施例1不同的是：离合器10布置在输入端，其主动端与输入轴18相连，其被动端与齿轮A3相连。离合器10布置在输入端可简化套轴层数，即此时仅有齿轮B4的齿轮轴同轴套装在输入轴18外，但会增大轴向长度。
上述两个实施例中，发电机和电动机同轴布置，增速行星排布置在发电机侧，提升发电机的转速，提高发电机的功率密度。电动机的动力通过两对定轴齿轮传递到差速器，驱动两侧车轮。离合器接合后，发动机的动力通过另外一对定轴齿轮传递到差速器，直接驱动车辆行驶。
起步、低速、中速工况采用纯电驱动或者串联混合动力驱动，电动机单独驱动车辆，电动机的功率可来至电池组或者发电机。串联混合动力工况下，发动机通过增速行星排驱动发电机发电，此时发电机可工作在经济油耗区间，多余的电能可存储在电池组内，用于电动机的纯电动行驶。城市拥堵路况，发动机关闭，电动机依靠电池组的能量纯电行驶，当电池组的SOC低于某个限制后，发动机才启动，带动发电机进行发电。
发动机直驱工况，如车速大于80km/h，离合器接合，发动机的动力直接驱动车辆行驶，减少一次能量转化过程，提高传动效率，此时，发动机工作在经济区间附件，利用发电机调整发动机的负荷，使发动机尽量工作在经济区间。
倒车，采用纯电动方式，电动机反转实现。电动机在串联或者并联工况下都可以实现制动能量回收，提高整车的燃油经济性。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，包括：输入轴(18)、减振器(2)、离合器(10)、增速行星排、差速器(14)、电动机(5)、发电机(6)和定轴齿轮传动机构；所述定轴齿轮传动机构包括：齿轮A(3)、齿轮B(4)、齿轮C(11)、齿轮D(12)和齿轮E(17)；
其连接关系为：所述输入轴(18)通过减振器(2)连接发动机输入轴(1)，且分别与离合器(10)的主动端和增速行星排的齿圈(7)连接，增速行星排的行星架(9)制动，所述发电机(6)的转子与增速行星排的太阳轮(8)连接；
所述电动机(5)的转子连接齿轮B(4)，所述齿轮B(4)与齿轮C(11)啮合，所述离合器(10)的被动端与齿轮A(3)相连，所述齿轮A(3)与齿轮D(12)啮合，所述齿轮C(11)、齿轮D(12)以及齿轮E(17)共轴，所述齿轮E(17)与差速器减速齿轮(16)啮合，左输出轴(13)和右输出轴(15)分别与所述差速器(14)相连；
当所述离合器(10)处于分离状态时，该传动装置处于串联工况，此时所述电动机(5)和发电机(6)均工作；发动机的动力经过所述输入轴(1)输入后，依次经过所述减振器(2)、增速行星排、发电机(6)、电动机(5)、齿轮B(4)、齿轮C(11)、齿轮E(17)、差速器减速齿轮(16)、差速器(14)后分别经过左输出轴(13)和右输出轴(15)输出；
当所述离合器(10)接合时，该传动装置采用发动机直驱模式或电动机(5)和发电机(6)辅助驱动模式或制动能量回收模式；在所述发动机直驱模式下，所述电动机(5)和发电机(6)均不工作，发动机的动力经过所述输入轴(1)输入后，依次经过所述减振器(2)、离合器(10)、齿轮A(3)、齿轮D(12)、齿轮E(17)、差速器减速齿轮(16)、差速器(14)后分别经过左输出轴(13)和右输出轴(15)输出；在电动机(5)和发电机(6)辅助驱动模式下，所述电动机(5)和发电机(6)均处于电动机工作模式，和发动机共同驱动；当需要制动能量回收时，所述电动机(5)和发电机(6)处于发电机工作模式，回收制动能量。
2.如权利要求1所述的乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述增速行星排布置在发电机(6)所在侧；所述定轴齿轮传动机构布置在电动机(5)所在侧，电动机(5)与减振器(2)之间；所述离合器(10)位于所述电动机(5)和发电机(6)之间，所述齿轮A(3)的齿轮轴和齿轮B(4)的齿轮轴均依次套装在输入轴(18)外。
3.如权利要求1所述的乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述增速行星排布置在发电机(6)所在侧；所述离合器(10)和定轴齿轮传动机构均布置在电动机(5)所在侧，电动机(5)与减振器(2)之间；所述齿轮B(4)的齿轮轴套装在输入轴(18)外。
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的乘用车串并联混合动力传动装置，其特征在于，所述电动机(5)和发电机(6)同轴布置。
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