CN110239334A - 一种混合动力传动系统 - Google Patents

一种混合动力传动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110239334A
CN110239334A CN201910576667.9A CN201910576667A CN110239334A CN 110239334 A CN110239334 A CN 110239334A CN 201910576667 A CN201910576667 A CN 201910576667A CN 110239334 A CN110239334 A CN 110239334A
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generator
engine
gear
rotor
transmission system
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王有刚
谢伟乾
许正功
林霄喆
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Ningbo Shangzhongxia Automatic Transmission Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Ningbo Shangzhongxia Automatic Transmission Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种混合动力传动系统，属于机械技术领域。它解决了现有的混合动力传动系统结构复杂、尺寸大、传动精度低的问题。本混合动力传动系统，包括发动机、驱动电机、输出轴、发电机、以及差速器，驱动电机的输入轴上设置有主动齿轮一，输出轴的两端分别设置有中间齿轮一和中间齿轮二，主动齿轮一与中间齿轮一相啮合，中间齿轮二与差速器传动连接，发动机、发电机和驱动电机依次同轴设置，发动机的转轴穿入发电机的转子内与发电机的转子传动连接，发动机的转轴上还通过离合器连接有主动齿轮二，主动齿轮二与中间齿轮二相啮合。本传动系统减小了径向和轴向尺寸，简化了结构，降低了制造成本，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能和整车搭载性。

Description

一种混合动力传动系统
技术领域
本发明属于机械技术领域，涉及一种混合动力传动系统。
背景技术
随着石油资源的缺乏和人们环保意识的提高，以及越来越严格的环境保护法规的要求，混合动力汽车的应用越来越普及。目前有两种较为流行的混合动力汽车的传动系统，一种是功率分流式混合动力系统；另一种是增程式混合动力系统。
第一种传动系统采用行星齿轮机构引入至少两个动力源，通过调节动力源速度可实现无级变速。经多代改进，已取得较好燃油经济性，但由于动力源扭矩是作用在行星齿轮机构力矩杠杆的不同节点上，扭矩互相平衡，不能叠加，所以这种功率分流式混合动力汽车的动力加速性较差。
第二种传动系统的主要功能是高效发电，如有需要，发动机可直接连到输出轴上，其输出扭矩与驱动电机的输出扭矩叠加在一起，极大地提高了车辆的动力加速性。由于发动机发电效率高，在高速时发动机可直接驱动车辆，所以这种混合动力汽车的燃油经济性也不错，故上市不久就受到许多厂家效仿。如中国专利申请(申请号：20128004842.3)公开了一种混合动力车辆的驱动装置。该混合动力车辆的驱动装置虽然传动效率高、动力性好，但仍存在以下缺陷：该驱动装置中，其具有发动机轴、电动机轴、输出轴和差速器轴一共4根轴，而且4根轴位于不同位置，即4根轴之间是偏轴设置的，在运行过程中，由于各轴的受力变形以及各轴的加工制造误差，从而会导致各轴很难保持精确的轴心位置，各轴的齿轮之间的传动精度较低，难以控制NVH性能。
而由于汽车上安装空间的限制，为了提高各轴的齿轮之间的传动精度，现有的常规的做法通常有以下几种：1、各轴采用新的高强度材料制成，降低受力变形，但研发成本较高，不易实施。2、提高各轴的加工精度，保证轴心位置的精确性，但是制作难度较大，而且制作成本也较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题，提出了一种混合动力传动系统，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：如何简化结构、减小尺寸、提高传动精度、提升NVH性能。
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：一种混合动力传动系统，包括发动机、驱动电机、输出轴、能够为驱动电机输送电能的发电机、以及连接车轮的差速器，所述驱动电机的输入轴上设置有主动齿轮一，所述输出轴的两端分别设置有中间齿轮一和中间齿轮二，所述主动齿轮一与中间齿轮一相啮合，所述中间齿轮二与差速器传动连接，所述发动机、发电机和驱动电机依次同轴设置，所述发动机的转轴穿入所述发电机的转子内且与所述发电机的转子传动连接，所述发动机的转轴上还通过离合器连接有主动齿轮二，所述主动齿轮二位于所述发电机远离发动机的一侧且与发动机同轴设置，所述主动齿轮二与所述中间齿轮二相啮合。
本混合动力传动系统通过改进设计，将发动机的转轴穿入发电机的转子内实现连接，相对于现有的结构省去了发电机与发动机之间的齿轮组结构，减小了两者之间所需的轴向安装空间，该部分空间能够为驱动电机提供足够的安装空间，同时，将发动机的转轴上通过离合器连接的主动齿轮二直接与输出轴上的中间齿轮二相连接，驱动电机上的主动齿轮一与中间齿轮一相连接，能够保证所需的减速比，可实现相同的燃油经济性和加速动力性。同时主动齿轮二设置在发电机远离发动机的一侧，便于与中间齿轮二实现连接，同时也进一步缩小了径向的尺寸，从而在现有汽车安装空间的限制下实现了发动机、发电机和驱动电机能够实现依次同轴设置，即本申请通过简化传动系统的结构并将发动机转轴上离合连接的主动齿轮二直接与输出轴上的中间齿轮二相连接，克服了现有无法实现发动机、发电机和驱动电机的同轴设置的常规偏见，避免了各轴因位置误差带来的传递误差，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能。同时，在一定程度上也减小了整个传动系统径向和轴向尺寸，使其制造更加容易，降低了制造成本，提升了整车搭载性。
在上述的混合动力传动系统中，所述发电机的转子呈空心圆筒状，所述离合器设置在所述发电机的转子内或所述离合器部分位于所述发电机的转子内。发电机采用空心转子结构，发动机上连接的离合器能够置于发电机转子内，从而进一步减小了整个传动系统的轴向尺寸，在现有汽车安装空间的限制下实现了发动机、发电机和驱动电机能够实现依次同轴设置，避免了各轴因位置误差带来的传递误差，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能。
在上述的混合动力传动系统中，所述驱动电机的转子呈空心圆筒状，所述输入轴伸入所述驱动电机的转子内且与所述驱动电机的转子之间通过连接板连接。驱动电机也采用空心转子结构，能够进一步减小整个传动系统的轴向尺寸，实现发动机、发电机和驱动电机能够实现依次同轴设置，避免了各轴因位置误差带来的传递误差，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能。
在上述的混合动力传动系统中，所述发动机的转轴上还设有行星齿轮机构，所述行星齿轮机构位于所述发电机的转子内，且所述发动机的转轴通过行星齿轮机构与所述发电机的转子传动连接。采用行星齿轮机构给发电机增速，能够将发电机转速提高到发动机转速150％以上，使发电机和发动机都在高效速度区工作，以提高车辆燃油经济性。同时将行星齿轮机构设置在发电机的转子内，又能够进一步减小整个传动系统的轴向尺寸，实现发动机、发电机和驱动电机能够实现依次同轴设置，避免了各轴因位置误差带来的传递误差，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能。
在上述的混合动力传动系统中，所述发动机的转轴与所述发电机的转子内圈之间通过连接件连接。如果采用的发电机的经济转速与发动机的经济转速是匹配的，发动机的转轴与发电机的转子内圈之间可通过连接件直接连接实现发动机的直接驱动，从而进一步减小了轴向和径向的尺寸，降低了成本。作为优选，连接件为花键或者连接板或者直接采用键连接。
作为优选，在上述的混合动力传动系统中，所述中间齿轮一的直径大于中间齿轮二的直径。通过上述的设置，并且将主动齿轮二设计为直接与中间齿轮二连接，从而能够在主动齿轮一、中间齿轮一、中间齿轮二和差速器的传动路径上实现大速比，在主动齿轮二、中间齿轮二和差速器的传动路径上实现小速比，满足所需的减速比需求，在结构上有利于将发动机、发电机、电动机同轴布置，减小径向和轴向尺寸，简化混合动力传动系统结构、使其制造容易、提高NVH性能、降低制造成本，提升整车搭载性。
作为优选，在上述的混合动力传动系统中，所述主动齿轮一的直径小于中间齿轮一的直径。通过上述的设置，在主动齿轮一、中间齿轮一、中间齿轮二和差速器的传动路径上实现大速比。
与现有技术相比，本混合动力传动系统具有以下优点：
1、发电机和驱动电机均采用空心转子结构，离合器置于发电机转子内，行星齿机构也可以设置于发电机的空心转子内，同时将发动机上的主动齿轮二直接与中间齿轮二连接，可实现相同的燃油经济性和加速动力性，在结构上实现了将发动机、发电机、电动机同轴布置，减小了径向和轴向尺寸，简化了混合动力传动系统结构，使其制造容易，降低了制造成本，避免了各轴因位置误差带来的传递误差，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能和整车搭载性。
2、采用行星齿轮机构给发电机增速，能够将发电机转速提高到发动机转速150％以上，使发电机和发动机都在高效速度区工作，以提高车辆燃油经济性。
附图说明
图1是实施例一中本混合动力传动系统的结构示意图。
图2是实施例二中本混合动力传动系统的结构示意图。
图中，1、发动机；2、驱动电机；2a、输入轴；3、输出轴；4、发电机；5、差速器；6、主动齿轮一；7、中间齿轮一；8、中间齿轮二；9、离合器；10、主动齿轮二；11、连接板；12、行星齿轮机构；13、连接件。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例一
如图1所示，本混合动力传动系统，包括发动机1、驱动电机2、输出轴3、能够为驱动电机2输送电能的发电机4、以及连接车轮的差速器5。驱动电机2由动力电池供电，发电机4与动力电池电连接且能够为动力电池输送电能进行充电。
驱动电机2的输入轴2a上设置有主动齿轮一6，输出轴3的两端分别设置有中间齿轮一7和中间齿轮二8，中间齿轮一7的直径大于中间齿轮二8的直径，主动齿轮一6的直径小于中间齿轮一7的直径，主动齿轮一6与中间齿轮一7相啮合，中间齿轮二8与差速器5上的齿轮啮合连接。发动机1的转轴穿入发电机4的转子内与发电机4的转子传动连接，相对于现有的结构省去了发电机4与发动机1之间的齿轮组结构，减小了两者之间所需的轴向安装空间，该部分空间能够为驱动电机2提供足够的安装空间。发动机1、发电机4和驱动电机2依次同轴设置，避免了各轴因位置误差带来的传递误差，提高了传动精度，提升了NVH性能。发动机1的转轴上还通过离合器9连接有主动齿轮二10，主动齿轮二10位于发电机4远离发动机1的一侧且与发动机1同轴设置，主动齿轮二10与中间齿轮二8相啮合，从而能够在主动齿轮一6、中间齿轮一7、中间齿轮二8和差速器5的传动路径上实现大速比，在主动齿轮二10、中间齿轮二8和差速器5的传动路径上实现小速比，能够满足所需的减速比需求，可实现相同的燃油经济性和加速动力性。
具体地说，发电机4的转子呈空心圆筒状，离合器9设置在发电机4的转子内或离合器9部分位于发电机4的转子内。驱动电机2的转子呈空心圆筒状，输入轴2a伸入驱动电机2的转子内且与驱动电机2的转子之间通过连接板11连接，在一定程度上也减小了整个传动系统径向和轴向尺寸，使其制造更加容易，降低了制造成本，提升了整车搭载性。
发动机1的转轴上还设有行星齿轮机构12，行星齿轮机构12位于发电机4的转子内，且发动机1的转轴通过行星齿轮机构12与发电机4的转子传动连接。采用行星齿轮机构12给发电机4增速，能够将发电机4转速提高到发动机1转速150％以上，使发电机4和发动机1都在高效速度区工作，以提高车辆燃油经济性。本实施例中，行星齿轮机构12包括行星架、行星排齿圈和太阳轮，太阳轮固定在变速器的壳体上，发动机1的转轴与行星架机械连接或一体成型，行星排齿圈的外圈与发电机4的转子内圈机械或过盈连接。
本混合动力传动系统在运行时能够实现多种模式的驱动：
1、EV模式：在低速及城市工况且电池电量较高时，离合器9断开，由动力电池(图中没画出)提供能量供驱动电机2运行，驱动电机2带动输入轴2a转动，动力经主动齿轮一6到中间齿轮一7，再经中间齿轮二8传至差速器5带动车轮运动，驱动车辆前进或实现倒车功能，与传统燃油汽车相比，在低速及起停工况下，可避免发动机1怠速及低速运行不经济区域带来的排放及噪声污染，提升整车经济性。
2、发动机1直驱模式：在高速工况，使用发动机1直驱功能，离合器9结合，发动机1运行带动转轴转动，动力经行星架和离合器9传递至主动齿轮二10处，再经中间齿轮二8传递至差速器5带动车轮运动，驱动车辆高速前进，此时发动机1处于经济转速，有利于实现燃油经济性。
3、串联驱动模式：在低速及城市工况，驱动电机2电量较低时，使用串联模式，离合器9断开，发动机1运行带动发电机4发电供驱动电机2使用，驱动电机2带动输入轴2a转动，动力经主动齿轮一6到中间齿轮一7，再经中间齿轮二8传至差速器5带动车轮运动，驱动车辆前进。使用串联模式可以把发动机1运行转速与路况解耦，便于发动机1控制在经济转速，可实现发动机1高效发电运行，实现电动驱动，提升燃油经济性。
4、并联驱动模式：在高速及超车工况，由于单一能源无法满足动力需求，此时由发动机1及驱动电机2共同提供扭矩满足驱动需求。离合器9结合，发动机1运行带动转轴转动，动力经行星架和离合器9、主动齿轮二10传递至输出轴3处，驱动电机2带动输入轴2a转动，动力经主动齿轮一6到中间齿轮一7传递至输出轴3处，两股动力在输出轴3处实现耦合，经中间齿轮二8传递至差速器5带动车轮运动，驱动车辆高速前进或完成超车。
5、制动能量回收模式：在车辆运行时，驱动电机2是一直都在转动的，即使发动机1驱动车辆、驱动电机2不驱动车辆时，驱动电机2也是在转动的。当需要减速制动时，控制驱动电机2转换到发电模式，离合器9断开，车辆滑行的动能由车轮传递至差速器5，再经中间齿轮二8到中间齿轮一7，再经主动齿轮一6传递至驱动电机2的转子处，驱动转子转动将动能转化为电能储存至动力电池处，实现了制动能量的回收。在制动减速工况下，将车辆的动能经过能量回收功能转为电能储存在电池中，供下次电驱动使用，有利于减少能量损失，延长续航里程。
实施例二
本实施例的结构与实施例一基本相同，其不同之处在于：
如图2所示，如果采用的发电机4的经济转速与发动机1的经济转速是匹配的，即发动机1与发电机4的高效率区域重合度较大，发动机1的转轴与发电机4的转子内圈之间通过连接件13连接。本实施例中，连接件13为花键或者连接板11或者直接采用键连接，从而进一步减小了轴向和径向的尺寸，降低了成本。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种混合动力传动系统，包括发动机(1)、驱动电机(2)、输出轴(3)、能够为驱动电机(2)输送电能的发电机(4)、以及连接车轮的差速器(5)，所述驱动电机(2)的输入轴(2a)上设置有主动齿轮一(6)，所述输出轴(3)的两端分别设置有中间齿轮一(7)和中间齿轮二(8)，所述主动齿轮一(6)与中间齿轮一(7)相啮合，所述中间齿轮二(8)与差速器(5)传动连接，其特征在于，所述发动机(1)、发电机(4)和驱动电机(2)依次同轴设置，所述发动机(1)的转轴穿入所述发电机(4)的转子内且与所述发电机(4)的转子传动连接，所述发动机(1)的转轴上还通过离合器(9)连接有主动齿轮二(10)，所述主动齿轮二(10)位于所述发电机(4)远离发动机(1)的一侧且与发动机(1)同轴设置，所述主动齿轮二(10)与所述中间齿轮二(8)相啮合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述发电机(4)的转子呈空心圆筒状，所述离合器(9)设置在所述发电机(4)的转子内或所述离合器(9)部分位于所述发电机(4)的转子内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述驱动电机(2)的转子呈空心圆筒状，所述输入轴(2a)伸入所述驱动电机(2)的转子内且与所述驱动电机(2)的转子之间通过连接板(11)连接。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述发动机(1)的转轴上还设有行星齿轮机构(12)，所述行星齿轮机构(12)位于所述发电机(4)的转子内，且所述发动机(1)的转轴通过行星齿轮机构(12)与所述发电机(4)的转子传动连接。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述中间齿轮一(7)的直径大于中间齿轮二(8)的直径。
6.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述主动齿轮一(6)的直径小于中间齿轮一(7)的直径。
7.根据权利要求2或3所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述发动机(1)的转轴与所述发电机(4)的转子内圈之间通过连接件(13)连接。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力传动系统，其特征在于，所述连接件(13)为花键或者连接板或者键。
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