CN107244126A - 聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材及其制作方法 - Google Patents

聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN107244126A
CN107244126A CN201610533391.2A CN201610533391A CN107244126A CN 107244126 A CN107244126 A CN 107244126A CN 201610533391 A CN201610533391 A CN 201610533391A CN 107244126 A CN107244126 A CN 107244126A
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polyvinyl chloride
layer
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吴国明
顾雪阳
李庆雷
刘兆祥
庄飞
侯燕飞
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Jiangsu Yixin New Material Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材及其制作方法，包括由上至下的耐磨层、稳定层、弹性层和缓冲层，耐磨层为聚氯乙烯颗粒层，所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层由PVC、碳酸钙、回收利用的煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维、塑化剂制成。聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒经过高混搅拌挤压出粒后，形成三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒组成，最终形成大小不一的PVC颗粒层，满足塑胶跑道对耐磨防滑的要求。本发明改变以往塑胶跑道TDI的用材而用PVC，并制成表面颗粒大小不一的聚氯乙烯颗粒层，环保绿色无毒；碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣、金属纤维的加入，使得PVC颗粒层耐磨性、强度大大提高。

Description

聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及体育运动用品技术领域，尤其涉及采用聚氯乙烯颗粒层作为耐磨层的环保型室外运动专用地材。
背景技术
塑胶跑道中使用的溶剂中会挥发含有毒性的甲苯、二甲苯，该物质具有刺激性异味，会造成皮肤瘙痒、头晕等症状。但通常跑道竣工一周内就会挥发干净。劣质塑胶跑道中含有重金属催干剂——铅盐，该物质能促进跑道凝固定型，但是重金属铅会造成永久性污染。儿童的皮肤与这种塑胶跑道长期接触后，铅会渗透进身体内部，造成血铅超标，也就是铅中毒。环保型塑胶跑道的催化剂，比如铋盐，催化的效果和铅盐相比较差，而且价格贵。但是铅盐最大的问题是有毒，这个毒对水体、土壤环境的污染是持久的，对人体也有害。另外，跑道中使用的有毒塑化剂，它能增加劣质跑道弹性，使其弹性达到国家标准。塑化剂中最常见的为邻苯类塑化剂，过量使用甚至将导致男孩绝育。
目前使用的塑胶跑道基本都是TDI聚氨酯塑胶跑道，超出标准的游离TDI会对人体造成伤害，主要是致敏和刺激作用，出现眼睛疼痛、流泪、结膜充血、咳嗽、胸闷、气急、哮喘、红色丘疹、斑丘疹、接触性过敏性等症状。历史上也出现过多次“毒跑道”中毒的事件，因此，社会上对于环保型的塑胶跑道的要求越来越剧烈。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种环保绿色无毒的室外运动用地材，且能满足一般跑道对于耐磨和强度的要求。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，包括由上至下的耐磨层、稳定层、弹性层和缓冲层，耐磨层为聚氯乙烯颗粒层，所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层由PVC、碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维、塑化剂制成。耐磨层材质采用聚氯乙烯，没有游离的TDI，绿色环保无毒，为了达到一般室外运动用地材的耐磨性和强度，耐磨层用材上还使用了碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维来增加耐磨层的耐磨性能和强度，并且充分利用回收的煤灰、煤渣，更环保且满足可持续发展的要求。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，聚氯乙烯颗粒层的成分还包括石英砂；所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层的成分包括以下组分和重量份含量：PVC45~55，碳酸钙39~49，煤灰与煤渣的混合物1~5，金属纤维1~8，塑化剂4~5，石英砂0~3。不用石英砂用金属纤维成本稍高但强度、耐磨性增大不少，也可根据实际情况从降本的需求考虑用少量石英砂替代一部分金属纤维，实际生产中可根据情况灵活选择。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，煤灰与煤渣的混合物中煤灰与煤渣的质量比为5:1。煤渣在整个混合物中占的分量较少，以避免大体积的煤渣太多而影响加工，可充分利用火电厂等回收的煤灰、煤渣，环保不浪费，且煤灰煤渣混合物的加入也进一步提高了室外地材的硬度和强度。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，金属纤维为碳钢纤维或不锈钢纤维。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的另一种改进，金属纤维可被化学纤维所代替。对于强度、耐磨度要求不高的一般性室外运动用地材，可用化学纤维替代金属纤维来降低生产成本。化学纤维为涤纶、锦纶或腈纶。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，塑化剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类、苯甲酸酯类、柠檬酸酯类、磷酸酯类、环氧类、己二酸酯类、或聚酯类化合物中的任意一种或其组合。塑化剂为PVC 地板生产行业的技术人员所熟悉，其可根据需要自行选择合适的塑化剂。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，稳定层为玻纤网格层，所述弹性层为经高温发泡的PVC弹性层，所述缓冲层为PVC发泡缓冲层。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，缓冲层下覆合无纺布层。
作为本发明聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的进一步改进，聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒为三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒组成，分别由三个造粒机制成，在耐磨层造粒工序中，三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒从与造粒机相连的喷头中喷出的速度相当。将大中小三种规格的聚氯乙烯颗粒同时从三个喷头中喷出，这样在同一区域具备不同大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒，使得地材表层的防滑耐磨性进一步提高，更有效避免了一般地材掉粒的缺陷。
聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的制作方法，将PVC、碳酸钙、塑化剂和石英砂放入高混机中混合搅拌，温度到达90℃时抽湿，并继续混合，当温度上升到120℃时，将高混机中的混合料转至冷混机中冷却，至70℃以下时加入煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维，继续冷却到50℃后出料备用，然后经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒制得聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒。
本发明提前在工厂车间内加工生产出地材及其表面颗粒层而非以往地材现场施工后在摊铺颗粒，有效避免了掉粒的缺陷。改变以往塑胶跑道TDI的用材而用PVC，并制成表面颗粒大小不一的聚氯乙烯颗粒层，环保绿色无毒；碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣、金属纤维的加入，使得PVC颗粒层耐磨性、强度大大提高，能更适合更加犀利的跑步钉鞋等类似的强有力的冲击。
具体实施方式
聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，包括由上至下的耐磨层、稳定层、经高温发泡的PVC弹性层和PVC发泡缓冲层，PVC发泡缓冲层下也可覆合无纺布层。稳定层为玻纤网格层，耐磨层为聚氯乙烯颗粒层，所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层由PVC、碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维、塑化剂或由PVC、碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维、塑化剂和石英砂制成。各组分和重量份含量如下：PVC45~55，碳酸钙39~49，煤灰与煤渣的混合物1~5，金属纤维1~8，塑化剂4~5，石英砂0~3。其中，煤灰与煤渣的混合物中煤灰与煤渣的质量比为5:1。金属纤维为碳钢纤维或不锈钢纤维。金属纤维也可被化学纤维所代替。化学纤维可采用为涤纶、锦纶或腈纶等。其中的塑化剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类、苯甲酸酯类、柠檬酸酯类、磷酸酯类、环氧类、己二酸酯类、或聚酯类化合物。
将PVC、碳酸钙、塑化剂和石英砂放入高混机中混合搅拌，温度到达90℃时抽湿，并继续混合，当温度上升到120℃时，将高混机中的混合料转至冷混机中冷却，至70℃以下时加入煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维，继续冷却到50℃后出料备用，然后经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒制得聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒。其中聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒为三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒组成，分别由三个造粒机制成，在耐磨层造粒工序中，三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒从与造粒机相连的喷头中喷出的速度相当。
以上内容是结合具体的优选技术方案对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，包括由上至下的耐磨层、稳定层、弹性层和缓冲层，其特征在于，所述耐磨层为聚氯乙烯颗粒层，所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层由PVC、碳酸钙、煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维、塑化剂制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层的成分还包括石英砂；所述聚氯乙烯颗粒层的成分包括以下组分和重量份含量：PVC45~55，碳酸钙39~49，煤灰与煤渣的混合物1~5，金属纤维1~8，塑化剂4~5，石英砂0~3。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述煤灰与煤渣的混合物中煤灰与煤渣的质量比为5:1。
4.根据权利要求3所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述金属纤维为碳钢纤维或不锈钢纤维。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述金属纤维可被化学纤维所代替；所述化学纤维为涤纶、锦纶或腈纶。
6.根据权利要求3所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述塑化剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类、苯甲酸酯类、柠檬酸酯类、磷酸酯类、环氧类、己二酸酯类、或聚酯类化合物中的任意一种或其组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述稳定层为玻纤网格层，所述弹性层为经高温发泡的PVC弹性层，所述缓冲层为PVC发泡缓冲层。
8.根据权利要求7所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，所述缓冲层下覆合无纺布层。
9.根据权利要求1所述的聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材，其特征在于，聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒为三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒组成，分别由三个造粒机制成，在耐磨层造粒工序中，三种不同规格大小的聚氯乙烯颗粒从与造粒机相连的喷头中喷出的速度相当。
10.聚氯乙烯环保型室外运动专用地材的制作方法，其特征在于将PVC、碳酸钙、塑化剂和石英砂放入高混机中混合搅拌，温度到达90℃时抽湿，并继续混合，当温度上升到120℃时，将高混机中的混合料转至冷混机中冷却，至70℃以下时加入煤灰与煤渣的混合物、金属纤维，继续冷却到50℃后出料备用，然后经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒制得聚氯乙烯颗粒层上的聚氯乙烯颗粒。
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CN108571144A (zh) * 2018-06-12 2018-09-25 北京优意联合建材有限公司 一种防滑地板及其制备方法
CN108912558A (zh) * 2018-08-10 2018-11-30 山东乐动体育产业有限公司 一种耐磨防滑高寿命环保塑胶跑道及其制备方法
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CN108571144B (zh) * 2018-06-12 2023-04-28 北京优意联合建材有限公司 一种防滑地板及其制备方法
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