CN107232424B - 宠物离乳膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
宠物离乳膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种宠物离乳膏及其制备方法，离乳膏其组分按质量百分比包括：0.5％‑5％浓缩乳清蛋白；0.5％‑5％牛初乳；0.5％‑5％果寡糖；0.1％‑2％黄芪多糖；10％‑20％奶粉；8％‑20％白糖；10％‑20％麦芽糖；0.5％‑5％食用纤维；1％‑8％调味剂；10％‑20％动物油；0.1％‑0.35％苯甲酸钠；0.1％‑1％维生素类；0.05％‑0.2％矿物质；余量为水。由此，上述配料通过特定比例配合然后与其他组分形成本发明的离乳膏，离乳膏可以被有效吸收，可用于断奶期幼犬猫补充能量和营养，促进生长发育，增强免疫力，预防疾病的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及宠物营养品领域，尤其涉及宠物离乳膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
断奶期是宠物成长中最关键的时期，宠物幼年阶段生长发育迅速，需要均衡的营养，给断奶期的犬猫喂以均衡、全价营养的食品，对维护幼犬幼猫的健康、防止疾病的发生和促进疾病的康复有着积极的作用，是提高犬猫生活质量的保证。
随着宠物保健意识的加强，需求不断增大，市场上出现了众多宠物营养产品，目前市场上有一些针对于幼犬幼猫的奶膏，但这些奶膏并不能完全跟得上离乳期犬猫的营养需求和成长所需的能量，容易造成幼犬幼猫发育不健康，免疫力低下等情况的出现。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题的一个或多个，本发明提供一种宠物离乳膏及其制备方法。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种宠物离乳膏，其组分按质量百分比包括：0.5％-5％浓缩乳清蛋白；0.5％-5％牛初乳；0.5％-5％果寡糖；0.1％-2％黄芪多糖；10％-20％奶粉；8％-20％白糖；10％-20％麦芽糖；0.5％-5％食用纤维；1％-8％调味剂；10％-20％动物油；0.1％-0.35％苯甲酸钠；0.1％-1维生素类；0.05％-0.2％矿物质；余量为水。
在一些实施方式中，浓缩乳清蛋白1.5％；牛初乳1.5％；果寡糖2％；黄芪多糖0.5％；奶粉15％；白糖12％；麦芽糖16％；食用纤维2％；调味剂5％，动物油14％；苯甲酸钠0.15％；维生素类0.55％；矿物质类0.105％；余量为水。
在一些实施方式中，食用纤维素为果胶、粗纤维、寡糖或木质素中的一种或多种。
在一些实施方式中，维生素类为包含0.16％维生素A，0.21％维生素E，0.005％维生素D，0.045％维生素B1，0.005％维生素B2，0.05％维生素B3，0.03％维生素B5，0.035％维生素B6，0.005％维生素B9，0.005％维生素B12的混合物；所述矿物质为包含0.02％乳酸亚铁，0.005％硫酸锰，0.08％硫酸镁的混合物。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种前述的宠物离乳膏的方法，包括以下步骤，
(1)将浓缩乳清蛋白，牛初乳，果寡糖，黄芪多糖，奶粉，白糖，麦芽糖，动物油，调味剂按配方比例称量投入配料罐内，按配方比例加入水均质搅拌成浆，然后将食用纤维按配方比例称量并加入配料罐；
(2)开启配料罐的进汽开关，将步骤(1)所得产物边搅拌边加热到70-80℃时；
(3)将步骤(2)所得产物搅拌煮沸后依次加入按配方比例称量所得的维生素类，矿物质类和苯甲酸钠至配料罐中，继续煮沸并保持沸腾状态20-30分钟；
(4)将步骤(3)的混合物冷却得最终产物。
在一些实施方式中，配料罐为蒸汽加热配料罐。
在一些实施方式中，步骤(2)和(3)中的配料罐中的蒸气压力为0.2-0.4MPa。
本发明的消化膏与现有的宠物营养品相比，具有以下有益效果：
浓缩乳清蛋白：高品质蛋白质，能补充能量，增加营养，增强免疫功能，有利于肌肉健壮和增强体力、增强骨骼。
牛初乳：不仅含有丰富的乳类营养，而且天然含有多种免疫因子，如活性免疫球蛋白、乳铁蛋白、乳过氧化物酶、溶菌酶等，具有免疫调节、改善肠胃功能、促进生长发育、抑制多种病原微生物等一系列生理活性功能。
果寡糖：能明显改善肠道内微生物种群比例，它是肠内双歧杆菌的活化增殖因子，可减少和抑制肠内腐败物质的产生，抑制有害细菌的生长，调节肠道内平衡，促进肠道蠕动，防止便秘和腹泻；能促进微量元素铁、钙的吸收与利用，以防止骨质疏松症；同时还可促进维生素B1、B2、B3、B6、B12及叶酸的自然形成，从而提高人体新陈代谢水平，提高免疫力和抗病力。
黄芪多糖：黄芪多糖(APS)可显著增强机体免疫功能、抗病毒和抗氧化等多种生物活性。
维生素类中的维生素A:维持正常视觉功能；促进生长与生殖；维护上皮组织细胞的健康和促进免疫球蛋白的合成；维持骨骼正常生长发育，促进骨骼生长，帮助牙齿生长。
维生素B族：是食物释放能量的关键，全是辅酶，参与体内糖、蛋白质和脂肪的代谢，需每天补充，能促进幼犬幼猫的生长发育。
维生素D:对于调节钙磷代谢至关重要，维生素D提升钙与磷的小肠吸收率,促进骨骼对钙的吸收，维持骨骼正常生长发育，促进骨骼生长；还影响许多基因的表达和翻译，调节细胞的增殖、转化和凋亡。
维生素E:是一种抗氧化剂，能帮助维持细胞结构，尤其是肌肉细胞。如果缺乏，代谢过程中产生的自由基，不仅可引起生物膜脂质过氧化，破坏细胞膜的结构和功能，形成脂褐素；而且使蛋白质变形，酶和激素失活，免疫力下降，代谢失常，促使机体衰老。
矿物质中的乳酸亚铁：乳酸亚铁吸收效果好利用率高，能更容易被离乳期犬猫吸收利用，能维持离乳期犬猫的正常发育；铁的主要作用是在血色素和肌细胞素的合成过程中充当氧气的运输者和载体；并且，它也在能量代谢重要的酶系统(如细胞色素类)中发挥作用。
硫酸锰：在组织水平上，锰对于骨骼成长和神经功能有着重要作用；锰缺乏会引起新生的和生长期动物骨骼发育迟缓、前肢弯曲，为了避免离乳期犬猫由于锰的缺乏而导致的骨骼发育迟缓、前肢弯曲的情况出现，特额外添加锰元素。
硫酸镁：由于离乳期的犬猫缺乏镁元素，则表现出厌食，体重减轻，腕关节过度伸展和后段运动失调的情况出现，特额外添加镁元素而避免此种情况出现
上述配料通过特定比例配合然后与其他组分形成本发明的离乳膏，离乳膏可以被有效吸收，可用于断奶期幼犬(猫)补充能量和营养，促进生长发育，增强免疫力，预防疾病的作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
一、离乳膏制备
实施例1
分别称取好原料,原料总量为100公斤，其中：浓缩乳清蛋白0.5公斤，牛初乳0.5公斤，果寡糖0.5公斤，黄芪多糖0.1公斤，奶粉20公斤，白糖8公斤，麦芽糖20公斤，食用纤维5公斤，调味剂8公斤，动物油10公斤，苯甲酸钠0.15公斤，维生素类0.55公斤，矿物质类0.105公斤，水26.595公斤。
具体制备工艺如下：
(1)浓缩乳清蛋白，牛初乳，果寡糖，黄芪多糖，奶粉，白砂糖，麦芽糖，动物油，调味剂按配方比例称量投入蒸汽加热配料罐内，按配方比例加入水均质搅拌成浆；将食用纤维按配方比例称量并加入蒸汽加热配料罐；
(2)开启蒸汽加热配料罐的进汽开关，将步骤(1)所得产物边搅拌边加热到70～80℃时；蒸汽加热配料罐中的蒸气压力为0.2-0.4MPa。
(3)将步骤(2)所得产物搅拌煮沸后依次加入按配方比例称量所得的维生素类，矿物质类和苯甲酸钠至配料罐中，继续煮沸20～30分钟。配料罐中的蒸气压力为0.2-0.4MPa。
(4)将步骤(3)的混合物冷却得最终产物。
实施例2
原料总量为100公斤，其中：浓缩乳清蛋白1.5公斤，牛初乳1.5公斤，果寡糖2公斤，黄芪多糖0.5公斤，奶粉15公斤，白糖12公斤，麦芽糖16公斤，食用纤维2公斤，调味剂5公斤，动物油14公斤，苯甲酸钠0.15公斤，维生素类0.55公斤，矿物质类0.105公斤，水29.695公斤。具体制备工艺同实施例1。
实施例3
原料总量为100公斤，其中：浓缩乳清蛋白5公斤，牛初乳5公斤，果寡糖5公斤，黄芪多糖2公斤，奶粉10公斤，白糖20公斤，麦芽糖10公斤，食用纤维0.5公斤，调味剂1公斤，动物油20公斤，苯甲酸钠0.15公斤，维生素类0.55公斤，矿物质类0.105公斤，水20.695公斤。
具体制备工艺同实施例1。
以上实施例1至实施例3里涉及到的组份都是市售而得，其中调味剂采用市售而得的第五代复合型增味剂，市售而得的第五代复合型增味剂是由核苷酸盐，有机酸盐，氨基酸，肉香源类物质等组分通过复合而成。
食用纤维包括果胶，粗纤维，寡糖，木质素中的一种或多种等，以上实施例中使用的为从燕麦草中取的粗纤维。
动物油一般选择鸡油和鱼油，从其中提取出的饱和脂肪酸，具有促进脂溶性维生素的吸收作用。
维生素类为包含0.16％维生素A，0.21％维生素E，0.005％维生素D，0.045％维生素B1，0.005％维生素B2，0.05％维生素B3，0.03％维生素B5，0.035％维生素B6，0.005％维生素B9，0.005％维生素B12的混合物。
矿物质为包含0.02％乳酸亚铁，0.005％硫酸锰，0.08％硫酸镁的混合物。
二、犬猫喂养实验
经适应性喂养后，分别按体重随机分为4组，每组10只(公母各半)。均设1个对照组A和3个离乳组B、C、D组。B～D组将离乳膏直接经口喂饲，每日用量为：离乳期犬2cm/次，离乳期猫1cm/次，每日两次。
A:饲喂定量的日粮
B：饲喂定量的日粮+离乳膏-实施例2
C：饲喂定量的日粮+离乳膏-实施例1
D：饲喂定量的日粮+离乳膏-实施例3
饲喂的日粮均为同一厂家同一批号生产；各组犬猫分隔开喂养，自由饮水。
(一)实验结果：
1.1一般观察：B～D离乳膏组犬猫四周期间的行为活动、精神状况、毛色、进食饮水等情况，整体来看，与对照组比较均更好，且B＞C≈D。
1.2生长发育：
表1-犬体重数据(n＝10，
)
注：*表示方差齐，P＜0.05，即与对照组比较，在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关，下同。
表2-猫体重数据(n＝10，
)
由表1，表2可知，B组，C组，D组与对照组A比较，B组，C组，D组第四周体重及增重有显著性差异(方差齐，P＜0.05)，且B组增重整体趋势比C、D组更好。提示离乳膏具有促进离乳期犬猫生长发育的作用。
1.3免疫力水平：
表3-犬淋巴细胞免疫表型比较(n＝10，
)
表4-猫免疫五项指标比较(n＝10，
)
由表3.表4可知，与对照组比较，B、C、D两组中T+B+NK、Tlymph H/S(CD3,CD4/CD3,CD Ratio)、Total NK(CD16+/CD56+)有显著性差异(方差齐，P＜0.05)，且这三指标数据的整体趋势均B组高于其他组。提示离乳膏具有提高犬猫免疫水平的作用。
(二)实验结论：综上可以看出，离乳膏具有帮助离乳期幼犬(猫)补充能量和营养，促进生长发育的功效；同时能增强免疫力；
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.宠物离乳膏，其特征在于，其组分按质量百分比包括：
0.5%-5%浓缩乳清蛋白；0.5%-5%牛初乳；0.5%-5%果寡糖；0.1%-2%黄芪多糖；10%-20%奶粉；8%-20%白糖；10%-20%麦芽糖；0.5%-5%食用纤维；1%-8%调味剂；10%-20%动物油；0.1%-0.35%苯甲酸钠；0.1%-1%维生素类，0.05%-0.2%矿物质；余量为水，所述维生素类为包含0.16%维生素A，0.21%维生素E，0.005%维生素D，0.045%维生素B1，0.005%维生素B2，0.05%维生素B3，0.03%维生素B5，0.035% 维生素B6，0.005%维生素B9，0.005%维生素B12；所述矿物质为包含0.02%乳酸亚铁，0.005%硫酸锰，0.08%硫酸镁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的宠物离乳膏，其特征在于，所述食用纤维素为果胶、粗纤维、寡糖或木质素中的一种或多种。
3.一种制备权利要求1-2任一项所述的宠物离乳膏的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤，
（1）将浓缩乳清蛋白，牛初乳，果寡糖，黄芪多糖，奶粉，白糖，麦芽糖，动物油，调味剂按配方比例称量投入配料罐内，按配方比例加入水均质搅拌成浆，然后将食用纤维按配方比例称量并加入配料罐；
（2）开启配料罐的进汽开关，将步骤（1）所得产物边搅拌边加热到70-80℃时；
（3）将步骤（2）所得产物搅拌煮沸后依次加入按配方比例称量所得的维生素类，矿物质类和苯甲酸钠至配料罐中，继续煮沸并保持沸腾状态20-30分钟；
（4）将步骤（3）的混合物冷却得最终产物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种宠物离乳膏的制备方法，其特征在于，所述配料罐为蒸汽加热配料罐。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种宠物离乳膏的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）和（3）中的配料罐中蒸汽压力为0.2-0.4MPa。
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