CN107228145B - 弹簧组件以及包括该弹簧组件的液力变矩器的锁定装置 - Google Patents
弹簧组件以及包括该弹簧组件的液力变矩器的锁定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
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- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/14—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers
- F16F15/1407—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers the rotation being limited with respect to the driving means
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- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
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- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
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- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
- F16F15/123—Wound springs
- F16F15/1232—Wound springs characterised by the spring mounting
- F16F15/12346—Set of springs, e.g. springs within springs
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- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/02—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction
- F16F3/04—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction composed only of wound springs
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- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
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- F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
- F16F2236/08—Torsion
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- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0205—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type two chamber system, i.e. without a separated, closed chamber specially adapted for actuating a lock-up clutch
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- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0221—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means
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- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0221—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means
- F16H2045/0226—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means comprising two or more vibration dampers
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- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0273—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type characterised by the type of the friction surface of the lock-up clutch
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Abstract
本发明提供弹簧组件以及包括该弹簧组件的液力变矩器的锁定装置。其通过抑制内侧螺旋弹簧的端部与外侧螺旋弹簧的线间咬合,从而防止内侧螺旋弹簧两端的一至三圈绕线产生毛刺、以及抑制外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面因内侧螺旋弹簧的滑动而磨损。弹簧组件(13)包括:用于将扭转振动吸收、衰减的外侧螺旋弹簧(20)、配置在外侧螺旋弹簧内侧的内侧螺旋弹簧(21a)以及弹簧座(22)。内侧螺旋弹簧(21a)的自由长度短于外侧螺旋弹簧(20)的自由长度。内侧螺旋弹簧(21a)在两端端面具有倒角部(23),而且两端的第一圈绕线的外径(L1)比其它部分的外径(L)更小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及弹簧组件,特别是涉及用于将扭转振动吸收、衰减的弹簧组件以及减振机构。
背景技术
在车辆的离合器盘总成、飞轮总成、液力变矩器的锁止离合器等减振机构中,为了将扭转振动吸收、衰减而设置有弹簧组件。弹簧组件配置为在圆周方向上弹性连结输入侧旋转部件和输出侧旋转部件。通过输入侧旋转部件和输出侧旋转部件的相对旋转,从而该弹簧组件在两部件间沿旋转方向被压缩。于是,通过利用这样的弹簧组件和在相对旋转时产生摩擦阻力的摩擦阻力部,从而输入到输入侧旋转部件的扭转振动被吸收、衰减。
作为这样的弹簧组件,公开有采用将螺旋弹簧双重配置的复式弹簧的例子(参照专利文献1)。采用复式弹簧的弹簧组件具有外侧螺旋弹簧和配置于外侧螺旋弹簧内部的内侧螺旋弹簧。这时,通过两螺旋弹簧被压缩,从而刚性比单个时更高,所产生的负荷也增大。
先行技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2004-183871号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
在专利文献1中记载的采用复式弹簧的弹簧组件中,内侧螺旋弹簧的自由长度设定得比外侧螺旋弹簧更短,所以内侧螺旋弹簧在外侧螺旋弹簧内部能够沿旋转方向移动。
在这样的构成中,内侧螺旋弹簧因扭转振动而被压缩时由于离心力的作用而向外周侧移动,从而在外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面滑动。这时,随着内侧螺旋弹簧的滑动,外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面发生磨损。并且,如果内侧螺旋弹簧的端部因滑动而咬入外侧螺旋弹簧的线间,则内侧螺旋弹簧两端的一到三圈绕线有可能被摩擦而产生毛刺,导致毛刺作为杂质混入滑动部等。
本发明的技术问题在于,通过抑制内侧螺旋弹簧的端部与外侧螺旋弹簧的线间咬合,从而防止内侧螺旋弹簧两端的一到三圈绕线产生毛刺,并且抑制外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面因内侧螺旋弹簧的滑动而磨损。
用于解决技术问题的方案
根据本发明一方面的弹簧组件用于将扭转振动吸收、衰减,其包括:外侧螺旋弹簧以及配置在外侧螺旋弹簧内部的内侧螺旋弹簧。内侧螺旋弹簧的自由长度比外侧螺旋弹簧的自由长度更短,内侧螺旋弹簧的两端端面被倒角加工(chamfer),而且,两端的至少第一圈(最末端)绕线的外径比其它部分的外径更小。
为此,内侧螺旋弹簧的端部难以咬入外侧螺旋弹簧的线间,能够抑制内侧螺旋弹簧两端的一至三圈绕线出现毛刺。
优选地,内侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度低于外侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度。根据该弹簧,能够进一步抑制外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面因内侧螺旋弹簧的滑动而磨损。
根据本发明另一方面的弹簧组件用于将扭转振动吸收、衰减,其包括:外侧螺旋弹簧以及配置在外侧螺旋弹簧内部的内侧螺旋弹簧。内侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度低于外侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度。为此,能够抑制外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面因内侧螺旋弹簧的滑动而磨损。
优选地,内侧螺旋弹簧两端的多圈绕线的外径随着往两端而变小。为此,能够进一步抑制咬住、磨损。
根据本发明一方面的液力变矩器的锁定装置是将来自前盖的动力经由包括涡轮的液力变矩器主体而传递到变速器的输入轴的装置,其包括:输入旋转部件,来自前盖的动力输入输入旋转部件;输出旋转部件,连结于涡轮;离合器部,设在输入旋转部件与输出旋转部件之间;以及上述的弹簧组件。弹簧组件在旋转方向上弹性地连结输入旋转部件与输出旋转部件。
发明效果
在如上所述的本发明中,能够抑制内侧螺旋弹簧的端部与外侧螺旋弹簧的线间咬合,能够防止内侧螺旋弹簧两端的一至三圈绕线出现毛刺,进而还能抑制外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面因内侧螺旋弹簧的滑动而磨损。
附图说明
图1是采用了本发明一实施方式的液力变矩器的纵截面概略图。
图2是锁定装置的局部平面图。
图3是根据本发明第一实施方式的弹簧组件的截面图。
图4是图3的局部放大图。
图5是根据本发明第二实施方式的弹簧组件的截面图。
图6是根据本发明第四实施方式的内侧螺旋弹簧的截面图。
具体实施方式
<第一实施方式>
<液力变矩器的构成>
下面,基于附图说明根据本发明的弹簧组件(spring assembly)的实施方式。图1示出了具有作为本发明一实施方式的弹簧组件的液力变矩器1的纵截面概略图。图1的左侧配置有发动机(未图示),图1的右侧配置有变速器(未图示)。图1的O-O是液力变矩器的旋转轴线。
液力变矩器1具有液力变矩器主体2以及锁定装置3。液力变矩器主体2主要由前盖4、叶轮5、涡轮6等构成。液力变矩器主体2的构成与现有的相同,所以简单说明。
前盖4是连结在发动机的曲轴上的圆板状的部件。前盖4与叶轮5一起构成液力变矩器1的工作油室。涡轮6配置于工作油室内,并配置为与叶轮5在轴向上相对。涡轮6的内周部连结于后述的涡轮毂7。涡轮毂7连结于变速器的主驱动轴(未图示)。
涡轮毂7是圆筒状的部件。涡轮毂7由筒状的毂7a和形成在其外周面的圆板状的凸缘7b构成。在毂7a的内周面形成有花键7c。花键7c与变速器侧的主驱动轴花键卡合。
<锁定装置的构成>
下面,利用图1来说明锁定装置3。锁定装置3是用于将扭矩从前盖4机械性地传递到涡轮6的同时将所输入的扭转振动吸收、衰减的装置。即、锁定装置3具有离合器功能和减振器功能。如图1所示,锁定装置3配置在前盖4与涡轮6之间的空间中。锁定装置3主要由活塞(离合器部)10、驱动板(输入旋转部件)11、从动板(输出旋转部件)12以及弹簧组件13构成。
活塞10配置为在轴向上分割前盖4和涡轮6之间的空间。活塞10是环状的圆板形部件,并且是能够随着液力变矩器1内的油压变化而在轴向上移动的部件。活塞10的前盖4一侧的侧面上固定有环状的摩擦衬片15。
摩擦衬片15设在活塞10的外周侧,与前盖4的环状且平坦的摩擦面4a相对。
在活塞10的外周侧形成有向轴向变速器侧延伸的外周侧筒状部10a。并且,在活塞10的内周缘形成有向轴向变速器侧延伸的内周侧筒状部10b。由此,活塞10相对于涡轮毂7能够在轴向以及旋转方向上移动。
驱动板11固定于活塞10,保持弹簧组件13,并起到向弹簧组件13输入扭矩的输入部件的功能。驱动板11是环状的板部件,配置在活塞10外周部的轴向变速器侧。驱动板11具有保持部11a,该保持部11a用于支承沿圆周方向排列的多个弹簧组件13的外周侧。保持部11a与活塞10的外周侧筒状部10a的内周侧抵接。进而,驱动板11具有用于支承各弹簧组件13的圆周方向两侧的支承部11b、11c。支承部11b是通过将保持部11a的一部分向径向内侧弯折而成的。支承部11c是从驱动板11的圆板状部分向轴向变速器侧切开折起的部分。
从动板12是扭矩从弹簧组件13输出到其的部件。从动板12是环状的圆板形部件,配置在涡轮6与活塞10的轴向间。从动板12的内周部通过沿圆周方向排列的多个铆钉17而固定于涡轮毂7的凸缘7a。在从动板12的外周缘形成有多个弹簧支承爪12a。弹簧支承爪12a抵接于弹簧组件13的两端部。
<弹簧组件的构成>
如图2以及图3所示,弹簧组件13具有外侧螺旋弹簧20、内侧螺旋弹簧21以及一对弹簧座22。外侧螺旋弹簧20和内侧螺旋弹簧21在驱动板11与从动板12之间作为弹性部件发挥功能。在径向外侧,沿圆周方向等间隔地排列配置有多个外侧螺旋弹簧20。
内侧螺旋弹簧21配置在外侧螺旋弹簧20的内部,其自由长度设定得比外侧螺旋弹簧20更短。如图4中局部放大所示,内侧螺旋弹簧21的两端面通过机械加工而形成有倒角部21a、且两端的第一圈绕线的外径L1比其它部分的外径L更小。内侧螺旋弹簧21在自由状态下,能够在外侧螺旋弹簧20内向旋转方向移动。一对弹簧座22配置在外侧螺旋弹簧20的两端部。需要说明的是,在这里示出了于外侧螺旋弹簧20的两端部配置了弹簧座22时的例子,但也可以不配置弹簧座22。
<弹簧组件的动作>
在液力变矩器1中,一旦成为了锁定状态(离合器连结状态),则来自发动机的扭矩经由锁定装置3传递到涡轮毂7。在这样的状态下,如果从发动机侧输入有扭矩变动,则在驱动板11与从动板12之间,弹簧组件13向旋转方向伸缩。这时,内侧螺旋弹簧21在离心力的作用下向外周侧移动,从而在外侧螺旋弹簧20的内周面滑动。但是,内侧螺旋弹簧21的两端的至少第一圈绕线的外径L1比其它部分的外径L更小,所以能够抑制内侧螺旋弹簧21的端部与外侧螺旋弹簧20的线间咬合。并且,通过形成在两端端面的倒角部21a也能够抑制内侧螺旋弹簧21的端部与外侧螺旋弹簧20的线间咬合。
<第二实施方式>
下面,说明第二实施方式。除了弹簧组件的构成之外,第二实施方式的液力变矩器主体的构成与第一实施方式相同。为此,对于与第一实施方式相同的构成省略其说明。需要说明的是,在该第二实施方式中,不像第一实施方式,其采用绕线外径没有差异的构成,也可以不对内侧螺旋弹簧进行倒角。
根据本实施方式的弹簧组件13’具有外侧螺旋弹簧30、内侧螺旋弹簧31以及一对弹簧座32。在径向外侧,外侧螺旋弹簧30沿圆周方向等间隔排列配置有多个。内侧螺旋弹簧31配置在外侧螺旋弹簧30内部,其自由长度设定得比外侧螺旋弹簧30更短。内侧螺旋弹簧31在自由状态下,能够在外侧螺旋弹簧30内向旋转方向移动。一对弹簧座32配置在外侧螺旋弹簧30的两端部。需要说明的是,这里示出了在外侧螺旋弹簧30的两端部配置了弹簧座32时的例子,但也可以不配置弹簧座32。
在此,对外侧螺旋弹簧30和内侧螺旋弹簧31进行了热处理(例如碳氮共渗(carbonitriding)),通过使内侧螺旋弹簧31的表面硬度低于外侧螺旋弹簧30的表面硬度,从而能够抑制外侧螺旋弹簧30的内周面因内侧螺旋弹簧31的滑动而磨损。
<第三实施方式>
下面,说明第三实施方式。第三实施方式的液力变矩器主体的构成是在第一实施方式的弹簧组件中进一步增加了第二实施方式的特征部分、即硬度差的构成。除了弹簧组件的构成之外,其它与第一实施方式相同,所以省略对于与第一实施方式相同的构成的说明。通过使外侧螺旋弹簧和内侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度具有差异、即内侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度比外侧螺旋弹簧更低,从而能够防止外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面磨损,并且还能抑制滑动带来的咬入、毛刺的发生。
<第四实施方式>
第四实施方式在第一以及第三实施方式的弹簧组件中仅改变了内侧螺旋弹簧的构成。如图6所示,内侧螺旋弹簧41的两端面通过机械加工而形成有倒角部41a,而且两端的多圈绕线的外径L1~L3形成为随着往两端而与其它外径L相比逐渐变小。
这里,内侧螺旋弹簧相对于外侧螺旋弹簧进行滑动而使外侧螺旋弹簧磨损主要是内侧螺旋弹簧41的从两端部端面起的三圈绕线左右。为此,在本实施方式中,对于包括端面在内的三圈绕线,形成为随着往两端而外径变小。
通过以上那样的构成,弹簧组件因扭转振动而伸缩时,即使在离心力的作用下,内侧螺旋弹簧41向外周侧移动,并在外侧螺旋弹簧的内周面滑动,也能够进一步抑制咬入线间、磨损。
[其它实施方式]
以上说明了本发明的实施方式,但具体构成并不限定于这些实施方式,可在不脱离发明宗旨的范围内进行变更。
附图标记说明
1:液力变矩器
3:锁定装置
4:前盖
11:驱动板
12:从动板
13:弹簧组件
20、30:外侧螺旋弹簧
21、31、41:内侧螺旋弹簧
21a、41a:倒角部
Claims (4)
1.一种弹簧组件,用于将扭转振动吸收、衰减,所述弹簧组件包括:
外侧螺旋弹簧;以及
内侧螺旋弹簧,配置于所述外侧螺旋弹簧的内部,并且自由长度比所述外侧螺旋弹簧更短,所述内侧螺旋弹簧的两端的端面的外周缘部被倒角加工成倾斜面,而且两端的至少第一圈绕线的外径比其它部分的外径更小。
2.根据权利要求1所述的弹簧组件,其中,
所述内侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度低于所述外侧螺旋弹簧的表面硬度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的弹簧组件,其中,
所述内侧螺旋弹簧的两端的多圈绕线的外径随着往两端而变小。
4.一种液力变矩器的锁定装置,将来自前盖的动力经由包括涡轮的液力变矩器主体而传递到变速器的输入轴,所述液力变矩器的锁定装置包括:
输入旋转部件,来自所述前盖的动力输入所述输入旋转部件;
输出旋转部件,连结于所述涡轮;
离合器部,设于所述输入旋转部件与所述输出旋转部件之间;以及
权利要求1至3中任一项所述的弹簧组件,将所述输入旋转部件与所述输出旋转部件在旋转方向上弹性地连结。
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DE102019124190B4 (de) | 2019-09-10 | 2022-11-10 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Trennkupplung mit drucktopfdurch- und hintergreifender Rückstellfeder mit Formschluss, Antriebsstrang und Verfahren zum Montieren einer Trennkupplung |
US11578779B2 (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2023-02-14 | Valeo Kapec Co., Ltd. | Intermediate plate apparatus and related damper assemblies for use with vehicles |
CN113685491B (zh) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-10-18 | 陕西航天动力高科技股份有限公司 | 一种液力变矩器用扭转减振器 |
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