CN107226694B - Ptcr陶瓷材料、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

Ptcr陶瓷材料、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN107226694B
CN107226694B CN201710445874.1A CN201710445874A CN107226694B CN 107226694 B CN107226694 B CN 107226694B CN 201710445874 A CN201710445874 A CN 201710445874A CN 107226694 B CN107226694 B CN 107226694B
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CN107226694A (zh
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冷森林
石维
黄伟
张仁辉
张橘
王松
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Tongren University
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Abstract

本发明涉及电子陶瓷领域,具体而言,提供了一种PTCR陶瓷材料、制备方法及其应用。所述PTCR陶瓷材料的组成通式为x(BaTiO3)‑y(SrTiO3)‑(1‑x‑y)(CaTiO3)+a mol%M+b mol%N;其中,0.6≤x≤0.9,0.1≤y≤0.4,0.1≤a≤1,0≤b≤3,x+y≤1;M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或多种,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或多种。该陶瓷材料具有居里温度低、电阻突跳比和电阻温度系数高的优点。

Description

PTCR陶瓷材料、制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及电子陶瓷领域,具体而言,涉及一种PTCR陶瓷材料、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
PTCR(positive temperature coefficient resistivity)即正温度系数热敏电阻,它具有电阻率随温度升高而急剧增大的特性。它兼具半导体特性和铁电性,即晶粒具有半导体特性,在居里温度(Tc)附近具有铁电性的晶粒发生相变,在晶界区形成势垒,阻挡电子电导,导致电阻发生激烈变化,因而能对加热产生反馈,自动调节工作电流、不仅节省电能,而且使用温度稳定。由于这种大功率半导体电致发热陶瓷工作时安全可靠,无噪音,体积小,电热转换效率高,特别是在电场作用下该加热元件温升迅速、无明火、自动调整加热功率达到恒温,以及电致发热陶瓷与传统的电热金属丝相比,节电效果好(达到30%以上)、使用寿命长、使用时无或低电磁辐射等特点,因而广泛应用于在电子通讯、航空航天、汽车工业、家用电器等领域。
然而现有的PTCR陶瓷的居里温度较高,达不到人们日常生活的需要,另外,其电阻突跳比(即最大电阻与最小电阻之比)和电阻温度系数较低,影响着PTCR器件在更多领域的应用。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种PTCR陶瓷材料,该陶瓷材料具有居里温度低、电阻突跳比和电阻温度系数高的优点。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,采用该方法制备而成的PTCR陶瓷材料具有居里温度低、电阻突跳比高、电阻温度系数高以及耐电压强度高的特点。
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种PTCR陶瓷材料的应用,该陶瓷材料能够用于制成温度传感器、按摩器、干鞋器、消磁器、恒温器或加热器,广泛应用于电子信息、航天设备、医疗卫生和家用电器等领域。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种PTCR陶瓷材料,所述PTCR陶瓷材料的组成通式为x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)+a mol%M+b mol%N;
其中,0.6≤x≤0.9,0.1≤y≤0.4,0.1≤a≤1,0≤b≤3,x+y≤1;M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述x值为0.7≤x≤0.8;
优选地,所述y值为0.2≤y≤0.3。
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述a值为0.2≤a≤0.6;
优选地,所述b值为1≤b≤2。
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述M为Y2O3、La2O3或Nb2O5
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述N为MnO2、SiO2或B2O3
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述x值为0.7≤x≤0.8,y值为0.2≤y≤0.3,a值为0.2≤a≤0.6,b值为1≤b≤2;M为Y2O3、La2O3或Nb2O5,N为MnO2、SiO2或B2O3
第二方面,本发明提供了一种上述PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:配料、预合成、成型和烧结。
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述配料为按组成通式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;
优选地,所述预合成包括首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中800-1000℃下保温1-3小时预烧;
优选地,所述成型包括首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,干燥后加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯;
优选地,所述烧结包括将陶瓷生坯在在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温1-3小时;
优选地,所述方法还包括将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极的步骤。
作为进一步优选地技术方案,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)配料:按组成通式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;
(b)预合成:首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中800-1000℃下保温1-3小时预烧;
(c)成型:首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,干燥加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯;
(d)烧结:陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温1-3小时;
(e)加工:将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种上述PTCR陶瓷材料在温度传感器、按摩器、干鞋器、消磁器、恒温器或加热器中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明的申请人合成了特定组成的陶瓷固溶体系,即x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)陶瓷固溶体系,该体系通过掺杂施主元素M和N,使得材料半导化,通过掺杂Ca改善材料的显微结构,并且经过特定含量的M和N改性后得到的PTCR陶瓷材料具有独特的物理性能,其居里温度较低、电阻突跳比和电阻温度系数较高,具体的,居里温度为30-90℃,电阻突跳比达2-4个数量级,室温电阻率为100-1000Ω·cm,电阻温度系数为10-20%/℃,耐电压强度为150-220V/mm(a.c.)。
采用本发明所提供的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法制备而成的PTCR陶瓷材料具有居里温度低、电阻突跳比高、电阻温度系数高以及耐电压强度高的特点。
本发明的PTCR陶瓷材料能够用于制成温度传感器、按摩器、干鞋器、消磁器、恒温器或加热器,广泛应用于电子信息、航天设备、医疗卫生和家用电器等领域。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。
第一方面,本发明提供了一种PTCR陶瓷材料,所述PTCR陶瓷材料的组成通式为x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)+a mol%M+b mol%N;
其中,0.6≤x≤0.9,0.1≤y≤0.4,0.1≤a≤1,0≤b≤3,x+y≤1;M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
M所占的摩尔百分比是以x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)为基准得到的,即M占x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)的百分之a摩尔。
N所占的摩尔百分比是以x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)为基准得到的,即N占x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)的百分之b摩尔。
本发明中,x典型但非限制性的取值为0.6、0.65、0.7、0.75、0.8、0.85或0.9。y典型但非限制性的取值为0.1、0.15、0.2、0.25、0.3、0.35或0.4;a典型但非限制性的取值为0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9或1,b典型但非限制性的取值为0、0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5或3。M典型但非限制性的为:Y2O3,Bi2O3,La2O3,Sm2O3,Nb2O5,Ta2O5,Sb2O5,Y2O3和La2O3的组合,La2O3和Nb2O5的组合,Bi2O3和Ta2O5的组合,La2O3和Sb2O5的组合,Y2O3和Nb2O5的组合,Sm2O3和Nb2O5的组合,或Y2O3、La2O3和Nb2O5的组合。N典型但非限制性的为:MnO2,CuO,Fe2O3,ZrO2,Al2O3,SiO2,TiO2,BN,B2O3,MnO2和ZrO2的组合,MnO2和BN的组合,CuO和B2O3的组合,Fe2O3和SiO2的组合,Fe2O3和Al2O3的组合,Al2O3、SiO2和TiO2的组合,MnO2、ZrO2和B2O3的组合,MnO2、SiO2和B2O3的组合,CuO、TiO2和BN的组合,或Fe2O3、ZrO2和B2O3的组合。
本发明的申请人合成了特定组成的陶瓷固溶体系,即x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)陶瓷固溶体系,该体系通过掺杂施主元素M和N,使得材料半导化,通过掺杂Ca改善材料的显微结构,并且经过特定含量的M和N改性后得到的PTCR陶瓷材料具有独特的物理性能,其居里温度较低、电阻突跳比和电阻温度系数较高,具体的,居里温度为30-90℃,电阻突跳比达2-4个数量级,室温电阻率为100-1000Ω·cm,电阻温度系数为10-20%/℃,耐电压强度为150-220V/mm(a.c.)。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述x值为0.7≤x≤0.8。当x的取值为0.7到0.8之间的任一数值时,该PTCR陶瓷材料的电阻温度系数更高。
优选地,所述y值为0.2≤y≤0.3。当y的取值为0.2到0.3之间的任一数值时,该PTCR陶瓷材料的居里温度更低。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述a值为0.2≤a≤0.6。当a的取值为0.2到0.6之间的任一数值时,该PTCR陶瓷材料的室温电阻更低。
优选地,所述b值为1≤b≤2。当b的取值为1到2之间的任一数值时,该PTCR陶瓷材料的耐压强度更高。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述M为Y2O3、La2O3或Nb2O5。室温电阻更低。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述N为MnO2、SiO2或B2O3。电阻突跳更高。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述x值为0.7≤x≤0.8,y值为0.2≤y≤0.3,a值为0.2≤a≤0.6,b值为1≤b≤2;M为Y2O3、La2O3或Nb2O5,N为MnO2、SiO2或B2O3。本实施方式中的PTCR陶瓷材料的居里温度更低、电阻突跳比高、电阻温度系数和耐电压强度更高。
第二方面,本发明提供了一种PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:配料、预合成、成型和烧结。上述制备方法简单易行,采用该方法制备而成的PTCR陶瓷材料具有居里温度低、电阻突跳比高、电阻温度系数高以及耐电压强度高的特点。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述配料为按组成通式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述预合成包括首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中800-1000℃下保温1-3小时预烧。上述保温温度典型但非限制性的为800、810、820、830、840、850、860、870、880、900、910、920、930、940、950、960、970、980、990或1000℃;保温时间典型但非限制性的为1、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9或3小时。
优选地,所述成型包括首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,干燥后加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯。
优选地,所述烧结包括将陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温1-3小时。上述烧结温度典型但非限制性的为1250、1260、1270、1280、1290、1300、1310、1320、1330、1340或1350℃;保温时间典型但非限制性的为1、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9或3小时。
优选地,所述方法还包括将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极的步骤。
在一种优选地实施方式中,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)配料:按组成通式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Y2O3、Bi2O3、La2O3、Sm2O3、Nb2O5、Ta2O5和Sb2O5中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,N为MnO2、CuO、Fe2O3、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、BN和B2O3中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;
(b)预合成:首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中800-1000℃下保温1-3小时预烧;
(c)成型:首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,干燥加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯;
(d)烧结:陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温1-3小时;
(e)加工:将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种PTCR陶瓷材料在温度传感器、按摩器、干鞋器、消磁器、恒温器或加热器中的应用。
下面结合实施例和对比例对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.3(CaTiO3)+0.1mol%Sm2O3
对比例1
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.5(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.4(CaTiO3)+0.1mol%Sm2O3
对比例2
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.05(SrTiO3)-0.35(CaTiO3)+0.1mol%Sm2O3
对比例3
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.4(BaTiO3)-0.5(SrTiO3)-0.1(CaTiO3)+0.1mol%Sm2O3
实施例2
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.3(CaTiO3)+0.15mol%Sm2O3+0.5mol%Fe2O3
对比例4
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.5(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.4(CaTiO3)+0.15mol%Sm2O3+0.5mol%Fe2O3
对比例5
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.05(SrTiO3)-0.35(CaTiO3)+0.15mol%Sm2O3+0.5mol%Fe2O3
对比例6
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.3(CaTiO3)+1mol%Sm2O3+4mol%Fe2O3
对比例7
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.3(CaTiO3)+0.2mol%CeO2
实施例3
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.7(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.2(CaTiO3)+0.15mol%Sm2O3+0.5mol%Fe2O3
实施例4
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.2(SrTiO3)-0.2(CaTiO3)+0.15mol%Sm2O3+0.5mol%Fe2O3
实施例5
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.3(CaTiO3)+0.4mol%Sm2O3+1mol%Fe2O3
实施例6
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.6(BaTiO3)-0.1(SrTiO3)-0.3(CaTiO3)+0.15mol%Nb2O5+0.5mol%MnO2
实施例7
一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其组成式为0.7(BaTiO3)-0.25(SrTiO3)-0.05(CaTiO3)+0.4mol%Nb2O5+1mol%MnO2
对比例8
CN101624284B公开的实施例1中的BKT-BT系无铅PTCR陶瓷材料。
对比例9
CN101284731B公开的实施例1中的高使用温度、高稳定无铅正温度系数电阻材料。
实施例8
实施例7所述的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)配料:按组成式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Nb2O5,N为MnO2
(b)预合成:首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中900℃下保温2小时;
(c)成型:首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,烘干后加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯;
(d)烧结:陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1320℃,保温2小时;
(e)加工:将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极。
实施例1-6中的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备除配料的不同外,其余各步骤采用与实施例7相同的方法进行。
对比例10
实施例7所述的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)配料:按组成式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Nb2O5,N为MnO2
(b)成型:将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N磨碎后混合,然后压块成型得到陶瓷生坯;
(d)烧结:陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1320℃,保温2小时;
(e)加工:将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极。
对比例11
实施例7所述的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)配料:按组成式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Nb2O5,N为MnO2
(b)预合成:首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中700℃下保温4小时;
(c)成型:首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,烘干后加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯;
(d)烧结:陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1220℃,保温6小时;
(e)加工:将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极。
表1不同PTCR陶瓷材料的性能对照表
Figure BDA0001321093300000121
Figure BDA0001321093300000131
由上表可知,实施例1-7中的PTCR陶瓷材料相对于对比例1-7中的PTCR陶瓷材料的居里温度和室温电阻率更低,电阻突跳比、电阻温度系数和耐电压强度更高,由此说明本发明提供的PTCR陶瓷材料的上述各性能更能满足温度传感器、按摩器、干鞋器、消磁器、恒温器或加热器的要求。其中,实施例1的各项性能比实施例2-7的稍低,说明经过特定含量的M和N改性后,该陶瓷材料的各项性能更佳。
进一步可知,实施例3与实施例2的区别仅在于x的取值不同,实施例3中x的取值在优选范围内,其电阻温度系数比实施例2的更高。实施例4与实施例2的区别仅在于y的取值不同,实施例4中y的取值在优选范围内,其居里温度比实施例2的更低。实施例5与实施例2的区别仅在于a、b的取值不同,实施例5中a、b的取值在优选范围内,其室温电阻更低、耐压强度更高。实施例6与实施例2的区别仅在于M、N的选择不同,实施例6中M、N为优选,其室温电阻更低、电阻突跳更高。而实施例7中x、y、a、b的取值以及M、N的选择均为优选,其上述各项性能也最佳,说明采用本发明的优选方案得到的PTCR陶瓷材料的性能更加优异。
对比例8和9的居里温度均在160℃以上,远远高于本发明各实施例的居里温度,对比例8的电阻温度系数较高,室温电阻率较低,主要应用于高温领域,而对比例9的室温电阻率与本发明中各实施例的相当,但电阻温度系数明显较低,因此,对比例8和9中的陶瓷材料的综合性能均与本发明各实施例的综合性能有明显差异,本发明中的PTCR材料由于其特定的组成,因此具有了特定的性能,即居里温度较低、电阻突跳比和电阻温度系数较高,能够满足日常生活的需要并能应用于更多领域当中。
实施例8中的PTCR陶瓷材料采用本发明提供的方法制备而成,其综合性能优于实施例7,反观对比例10主要缺少了预合成的步骤,对比例11的各项参数不在本发明所制定的参数范围内,实施例8的各项性能均优于对比例10和11。因此,本发明所提供的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法充分考虑了各原料的独特性及其相互作用关系,通过合理的步骤以及工艺参数使得PTCR陶瓷材料的性能达到最佳。
尽管已用具体实施例来说明和描述了本发明,然而应意识到,在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以作出许多其它的更改和修改。因此,这意味着在所附权利要求中包括属于本发明范围内的所有这些变化和修改。

Claims (9)

1.一种PTCR陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述PTCR陶瓷材料的组成通式为x(BaTiO3)-y(SrTiO3)-(1-x-y)(CaTiO3)+a mol%M+b mol%N;
其中,0.7≤x≤0.8,0.2≤y≤0.3,0.2≤a≤0.6,1≤b≤2,x+y≤1;M为Nb2O5,N为MnO2
2.权利要求1所述的PTCR陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:配料、预合成、成型和烧结。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述配料包括按组成通式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Nb2O5,N为MnO2
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述预合成包括首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中800-1000℃下保温1-3小时预烧。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述成型包括首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,干燥后加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧结包括将陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温1-3小时。
7.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极的步骤。
8.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)配料:按组成通式称取配方量的原料,原料为TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3、BaCO3以及M和N,其中M为Nb2O5,N为MnO2
(b)预合成:首先将TiO2、CaCO3、SrCO3和BaCO3磨碎后混合,然后压块,最后在空气中800-1000℃下保温1-3小时预烧;
(c)成型:首先将预合成得到的陶瓷块粉碎,然后向粉碎后的陶瓷颗粒中加入M和N再混合球磨,干燥加入粘结剂,然后造粒成型,经排塑后得到陶瓷生坯;
(d)烧结:陶瓷生坯在空气中烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温1-3小时;
(e)加工:将烧结后的陶瓷加工成所需的尺寸,清洗后上欧姆接触电极。
9.权利要求1所述的PTCR陶瓷材料在温度传感器、按摩器、干鞋器、消磁器、恒温器或加热器中的应用。
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