CN107223599B - The method in pond is fallen in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan - Google Patents

The method in pond is fallen in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107223599B
CN107223599B CN201710305233.6A CN201710305233A CN107223599B CN 107223599 B CN107223599 B CN 107223599B CN 201710305233 A CN201710305233 A CN 201710305233A CN 107223599 B CN107223599 B CN 107223599B
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storehouse
pond
water
america
hilsa herring
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CN107223599A (en
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施永海
张根玉
徐嘉波
谢永德
陆根海
刘建忠
张海明
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Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

Fall the method in pond in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan, it is made of aquaculture pond building and the operating procedure of falling pond, it is characterized in that longitudinal among aquaculture pond build a block wall, aquaculture pond is divided into A, the longitudinal storehouse B two, there is sluice gate in partition wall one end, sluice gate is usually without flashboard, the when of falling pond, plugs flashboard, before pond, when water water level is down to partition wall apical position, America hilsa herring is gradually enclosed one end that partition wall has sluice gate with the seine of polyethylene leather strap net, gradually tightening net encloses, America hilsa herring is all caught up with into the storehouse B, thorough pressure bulkhead flashboard, open the storehouse A drain valve, it drains on one side, the storehouse A pool wall and bottom of pond are scrubbed with scrubbing brush on one side, after rinsing well, plug drainpipe, close drain valve, then water intake valve is opened, the America hilsa herring in the storehouse B is caught up with into the storehouse A, open the storehouse B drain valve, cleaning method is the same as the storehouse A, after cleaning and sterilizing, open the storehouse A Inlet valve is intake always to depth of water 1.6-1.8m, is completed former pond and is fallen pond.

Description

The method in pond is fallen in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation of America hilsa herring, the especially method in the pond industrial aquaculture America Shi Dao.
Background technique
America hilsa herring (Alosa sapidissima) is commonly called as Alosa sapidissima, is distributed mainly on North America Atlantic Ocean west bank from adding Quebec put on airs into the Florida State river in the U.S. and ocean.America hilsa herring system breeding migration fish, plump big and fleshy, meat is fresh It is delicious, have very high economic value, is introduced a fine variety extensively all over the world.At home, Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute took the lead in 1998 From the U.S., Mississippi introduces a fine variety the wild produced fertilized eggs of America hilsa herring, then carries out incubating oosperm, seed rearing and supports It grows.Due to America hilsa herring because, meat similar to the shape of Chinese hilsa herring compares favourably, in the case that in the Changjiang river, hilsa herring is endangered, America Hilsa herring is also very popular, and side of a pond price is also very high, and 60-100 member/jin, culture efficiency is very good, and raiser cultivates one after another America hilsa herring, currently, America hilsa herring aquaculture model has pond culture, cage culture and industrial aquaculture, wherein cultivation it is most be Industrial aquaculture, due to America hilsa herring swimming rate it is fast, it is frightened easily bump against pool wall, so to be all made of area biggish by raiser The pool cultivated America hilsa herring of industrial aquaculture, the area of general aquaculture pond is in 50m2More than, excessive aquaculture pond is difficult suction bottom and removes contamination, this Some pollutants such as the residual feed and excreta of bottom of pond and pool wall adherency are removed with regard to needing often to fall pond, but America hilsa herring disposition is anxious It is hot-tempered, pond operating difficulties is moved, easily causes the mechanical damage of shifting pond operation even dead, causes cultivation survival rate low, this serious limit The large-scale production of America hilsa herring is made.Therefore, it is badly in need of a set of technology, in the case where not needing to load transport America hilsa herring, thoroughly Cleaning and disinfection aquaculture pond, improve America hilsa herring cultivation survival rate.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the problems of the hardly possible of falling pond during the hilsa herring of industrial aquaculture America, and it is feeding to provide a kind of batch production It grows the America pond Shi Yuan and falls the method in pond.
Technical solution of the present invention is fallen the operating procedure in pond by the building and former pond of aquaculture pond and is formed, it is characterized in that aquaculture pond Using armored concrete rectangle cement pit, long 20m × wide 11m × high 1.8m, depth of water 1.6-1.7m, bottom of pond is flat, there is 3-5 ° The gradient longitudinally builds the mixed brick baffle of a stifled width 10cm, high 50-70cm among rectangle cement pit, by rectangle cement pit every At the longitudinal storehouse A, B two, there is water inlet in the storehouse A, and there is the sluice gate of 60-70cm wide in the storehouse B without water inlet, partition wall one end, and sluice gate is usually without lock Plate, the when of falling pond, plug flashboard, and the storehouse A, B end is equipped with cess and drain valve, and cess is 4 cun of PVC plastic pipes, Spile on pipe, the diameter in hole is 6-7mm, it is dilute in the density in hole under close, upper end pitch of holes 3cm, lower end pitch of holes is 1.0- 1.5cm, cultivation early stage wrap up drainpipe with 20 mesh polythene nets, and as cultivation tank depth, drainpipe enters drainpipe height It is connect after bottom of pond with drain valve, the continuous charge of gas stone is used in aquaculture pond;The former pond operation of falling pond: it falls before pond, first opens two storehouse A, B Drain valve is sieved through cess and drains, and when water water level is down to partition wall apical position, closes the drain valve in two storehouse A, B, will The gas stone in the storehouse A moves into the storehouse B, and is dispersed evenly to the storehouse B, makes the storehouse B gas stone doubled in density, and density is 0.4-0.6/㎡, and tolerance is in Existing boiling-like;America hilsa herring is gradually enclosed one end that partition wall has sluice gate with the polyethylene leather strap net seine that mesh is 2 × 3mm, by Step tightening net encloses, and allows most of America hilsa herring freely to swim by sluice gate into the storehouse B, net is finally enclosed one end and slowly moves into the storehouse B through sluice gate, By net enclose in the America hilsa herring that does not have freely to swim into the storehouse B catch up with into the storehouse B, plug flashboard, complete primary seine operation;Repeat 2-3 drawing Net operation all catches up with America remaining in the storehouse A hilsa herring into the storehouse B, thorough pressure bulkhead flashboard, and water-tight as far as possible, America hilsa herring is concentrated At time no more than 1.5 hours of the storehouse B;The storehouse removal A cess opens the storehouse A drain valve, drains on one side, use plate on one side The brush scrub storehouse A pool wall and bottom of pond, and be rinsed with the water that 2 cun of immersible pumps extract the storehouse B, after cleaning up, if bottom of pond has black Patch carries out oxidation sterilizing with potassium permanganate, intakes from water inlet to the storehouse A bottom of pond is flooded, with 15PPM potassium permanganate disinfection 10 Minute, it after rinsing well, plugs drainpipe, close drain valve, then open water intake valve, water inlet is filtered through 60 mesh, water inlet For the water temperature temperature difference with former water less than 1 degree, the storehouse A intakes water level to partition wall top, stops water inlet;The gas stone in the storehouse B is all moved into A Storehouse, and being dispersed evenly to the storehouse A density is 0.4-0.6/㎡, boiling-like is presented in tolerance, gradually draw in the net the America hilsa herring in the storehouse B to catch up with into The storehouse A, concrete operations: the first net first draws the storehouse B half pond, and the America hilsa herring of half in the storehouse B is enclosed one end that partition wall has sluice gate, is then drawn Flashboard is played, net is gradually tightened and encloses, allow most of America hilsa herring freely to swim go back to the storehouse A by sluice gate, it is slow through sluice gate that net is finally enclosed one end It is slow to move into the storehouse A, by net enclose in the America hilsa herring that does not have freely to swim into the storehouse A catch up with into the storehouse A, plug flashboard;Second net starts to draw Quan Chi, weight It is 2-3 times multiple, the America hilsa herring in the storehouse B is all come back the storehouse A, pressure bulkhead flashboard;The cess in the storehouse removal B opens the draining of the storehouse B Valve, cleaning method is with the storehouse A, if the storehouse B bottom of pond is also required to potassium permanganate disinfection, using the water inlet of partition wall gate is partially opened, cleaning disappears After poison, plugs the storehouse B drainpipe, closes the storehouse B drain valve;The storehouse A inlet valve is opened, the storehouse A intakes again, and the water in the storehouse A is gradually expired into B Partition wall gate when the water level in the storehouse B being waited to reach the 2/3 of partition wall, is opened in storehouse, allows the water level balance in the storehouse A, B, then by the original storehouse B Gas stone is moved back to the storehouse B, and uniformly dispersing from the storehouse A, and water inlet is intake always to depth of water 1.6-1.8m, completes former pond and falls pond.Former pond The survival rate of falling pond is 98% or more.
The outstanding feature of the present invention compared with the existing technology is: solving in edgy America hilsa herring industrial aquaculture The problem of pond hardly possible, do not need to load transport move another new pond in the case where, realize former pond and fall pond, thorough cleaning and The mechanical damage for having sterilized aquaculture pond bottom and pool wall, while America hilsa herring also being avoided to move by loading improves the America pond Shi Dao Survival rate (the former pond survival rate of falling pond is 98% or more), also improve America hilsa herring industrial aquaculture indirectly forms rate and economic effect Benefit.Operation of the present invention is easy, without the operation of fining, does not need the training for receiving system, is easy to be accepted and promote, It is suitble to large-scale production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be can former pond fall pond America hilsa herring industrial aquaculture pond structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention includes:
1) building of aquaculture pond: referring to attached drawing, using armored concrete rectangle cement pit, long 20m × wide 11m × height 1.8m, depth of water 1.6-1.7m, bottom of pond is flat, there is the 3-5 ° of gradient, and stifled width a 10cm, height is longitudinally built among rectangle cement pit Rectangle cement pit is divided into the longitudinal storehouse A, B two by the mixed brick baffle 4 of 50-70cm, and there is a water inlet 1 in the storehouse A 2, the storehouse B 7 without water inlet, There is the sluice gate 3 of 60-70cm wide in 4 one end of partition wall, and for sluice gate usually without flashboard, the when of falling pond plugs flashboard, and the storehouse A, B end is equipped with porous Drainpipe 5 and drain valve 6, cess 5 are 4 cun of PVC plastic pipes, are spiled on pipe, and the diameter in hole is 6-7mm, hole it is close Spend it is dilute under close, upper end pitch of holes 3cm, lower end pitch of holes be 1.0-1.5cm, cultivation early stage with 20 mesh polythene nets package draining Pipe, as cultivation tank depth, drainpipe 5 is connect after entering bottom of pond with drain valve 6 drainpipe height, and gas Shi Lian is used in aquaculture pond Continuous inflation;
2) condition in pond is fallen in former pond;Aquaculture pond water temperature is lower than 30 degree, and the cultivation density of America hilsa herring is less than 3 public affairs in aquaculture pond Jin/m2, before pond, aquaculture pond water quality is normal, and in the normal range, bottom of pond cannot be smelly for indices, and bottom of pond nigrescence area is not It can exceed that 20%, the no summer aquaculture pond time of falling cell compartment for inhaling bottom was no more than 30 days no more than 15 days, winter;
3) it concentrates the shoal of fish to the storehouse B: falling before pond, first open the drain valve in two storehouse A, B, be sieved and drain through cess, pond When water water level is down to partition wall apical position, the drain valve in two storehouse A, B is closed, the gas stone in the storehouse A is moved into the storehouse B, and be dispersed evenly to B Storehouse makes the storehouse B gas stone doubled in density, and density is 0.4-0.6/㎡, and boiling-like is presented in tolerance;The polyethylene for being 2 × 3mm with mesh America hilsa herring is gradually enclosed one end that partition wall has sluice gate by the seine of leather strap net, is gradually tightened net and is enclosed, allows most of America hilsa herring through lockage Mouthful freely swim into the storehouse B, net finally enclosed into one end and slowly moves into the storehouse B through sluice gate, by net enclose in do not have freely to swim the America hilsa herring into the storehouse B It catches up with into the storehouse B, plugs flashboard, complete primary seine operation;2-3 seine operation is repeated, America remaining in the storehouse A hilsa herring is all caught up with Enter the storehouse B, thorough pressure bulkhead flashboard is water-tight as far as possible, and America hilsa herring concentrated on the time in the storehouse B no more than 1.5 hours;
4) storehouse A: the storehouse removal A cess is cleaned, the storehouse A drain valve is opened, drains on one side, scrubs the storehouse A with scrubbing brush on one side Pool wall and bottom of pond, and be rinsed with the water that 2 cun of immersible pumps extract the storehouse B, after cleaning up, if bottom of pond has black patch, use Potassium permanganate carries out oxidation sterilizing, intakes from water inlet to the storehouse A bottom of pond is flooded, is sterilized 10 minutes with 15PPM potassium permanganate, is rinsed It after clean, plug drainpipe, close drain valve, then open water intake valve, water inlet is filtered through 60 mesh, water inlet and former water For the water temperature temperature difference less than 1 degree, the storehouse A intakes water level to partition wall top, stops water inlet;
5) it concentrates the shoal of fish to the storehouse A: the gas stone in the storehouse B is all moved into the storehouse A, and being dispersed evenly to the storehouse A density is 0.4-0.6 Boiling-like is presented in Ge/㎡, tolerance, and gradually draw in the net the America hilsa herring in the storehouse B to catch up with into the storehouse A, concrete operations: the first net first draws the storehouse B half pond, The America hilsa herring of half in the storehouse B is enclosed into one end that partition wall has sluice gate, then pull-up flashboard, gradually tightens net and enclose, allow most of beauty Continent hilsa herring freely swims go back to the storehouse A by sluice gate, and net is finally enclosed one end and slowly moves into the storehouse A through sluice gate, by net enclose in do not swim freely into A The America hilsa herring in storehouse is caught up with into the storehouse A, and flashboard is plugged;Second net starts to draw Quan Chi, repeats 2-3 times, the America hilsa herring in the storehouse B is all come back A Storehouse, pressure bulkhead flashboard;
6) storehouse B: the cess in the storehouse removal B is cleaned, opens the storehouse B drain valve, cleaning method is with the storehouse A, if the storehouse B bottom of pond It needs potassium permanganate to sterilize, is intake using partition wall gate is partially opened, after cleaning and sterilizing, plug the storehouse B drainpipe, close B Storehouse drain valve;
7) lock is pulled out in water inlet: opening the storehouse A inlet valve, the storehouse A intakes again, and the water in the storehouse A is gradually expired into the storehouse B, and the water level in the storehouse B is waited to reach Partition wall 2/3 when, open partition wall gate, allow the water level balance in the storehouse A, B, the gas stone in the original storehouse B is then moved back to the storehouse B from the storehouse A, and Uniformly dispersing, water inlet are intake always to depth of water 1.6-1.8m, are completed former pond and are fallen pond;The former pond survival rate of falling pond 98% with On.
- 2017 years 2011, Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute was in the simple continental rise industrial aquaculture pond of Fengxian scientific base 18 Middle cultivation America hilsa herring carries out the pond the America Shi Yuan thorough cleaning of falling pond aquaculture pond bottom of pond and pool wall with the method, obtains good Effect, after the former pond operation of falling pond, the America hilsa herring death rate is lower than 1%.

Claims (2)

1. the method in pond is fallen in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan, the operating procedure group in pond is fallen by the building and former pond of aquaculture pond At it is characterized in that aquaculture pond uses armored concrete rectangle cement pit, long 20m × wide 11m × high 1.8m, depth of water 1.6- 1.7m, bottom of pond is flat, there is the 3-5 ° of gradient, longitudinally built among rectangle cement pit a stifled width 10cm, high 50-70cm mixed brick every Rectangle cement pit is divided into the longitudinal storehouse A, B two by wall, and there is water inlet in the storehouse A, and there is 60-70cm wide in the storehouse B without water inlet, partition wall one end Sluice gate, for sluice gate usually without flashboard, the when of falling pond, plugs flashboard, and the storehouse A, B end is equipped with cess and drain valve, porous row Water pipe is 4 cun of PVC plastic pipes, is spiled on pipe, and the diameter in hole is 6-7mm, it is dilute in the density in hole under close, upper end pitch of holes 3cm, Lower end pitch of holes is 1.0-1.5cm, and cultivation early stage wraps up drainpipe, drainpipe height and cultivation tank depth with 20 mesh polythene nets Equally, drainpipe is connect after entering bottom of pond with drain valve, and the continuous charge of gas stone is used in aquaculture pond;The former pond operation of falling pond: before pond, The drain valve for first opening two storehouse A, B, is sieved through cess and drains, and when water water level is down to partition wall apical position, closes A, B The gas stone in the storehouse A is moved into the storehouse B, and is dispersed evenly to the storehouse B by the drain valve in two storehouses, makes the storehouse B gas stone doubled in density, density 0.4- Boiling-like is presented in 0.6 Ge/㎡, tolerance;America hilsa herring is gradually enclosed partition wall with the polyethylene leather strap net seine that mesh is 2 × 3mm There is one end of sluice gate, gradually tighten net and enclose, most of America hilsa herring is allowed freely to swim by sluice gate into the storehouse B, net is finally enclosed into one end warp Sluice gate slowly moves into the storehouse B, by net enclose in the America hilsa herring that does not have freely to swim into the storehouse B catch up with into the storehouse B, plug flashboard, complete primary seine Operation;2-3 seine operation is repeated, America remaining in the storehouse A hilsa herring is all caught up with into the storehouse B, thorough pressure bulkhead flashboard, as far as possible not Leak, America hilsa herring concentrated on the time in the storehouse B no more than 1.5 hours;The storehouse removal A cess, the opening storehouse A drain valve, one Side draining is scrubbed the storehouse A pool wall and bottom of pond with scrubbing brush on one side, and is rinsed with the water that 2 cun of immersible pumps extract the storehouse B, cleans up Afterwards, if bottom of pond has black patch, oxidation sterilizing is carried out with potassium permanganate, intakes from water inlet to the storehouse A bottom of pond is flooded, uses 15PPM potassium permanganate sterilizes 10 minutes, after rinsing well, plugs drainpipe, closes drain valve, then open water intake valve, Water inlet is filtered through 60 mesh, and for the water temperature temperature difference of water inlet and former water less than 1 degree, the storehouse A intakes water level to partition wall top, stops water inlet; The gas stone in the storehouse B is all moved into the storehouse A, and is dispersed evenly to the storehouse A, the America hilsa herring in the storehouse B is gradually drawn in the net to catch up with into the storehouse A, concrete operations: First net first draws the storehouse B half pond, the America hilsa herring of half in the storehouse B is enclosed one end that partition wall has sluice gate, then pull-up flashboard, is gradually received Tight net encloses, and allows most of America hilsa herring freely to swim go back to the storehouse A by sluice gate, net is finally enclosed one end and slowly moves into the storehouse A through sluice gate, by net There is no freely to swim the America hilsa herring into the storehouse A in enclosing to catch up with into the storehouse A, plugs flashboard;Second net starts to draw Quan Chi, repeats 2-3 times, the storehouse B America hilsa herring all come back the storehouse A, pressure bulkhead flashboard;The cess in the storehouse removal B, opens the storehouse B drain valve, and cleaning method is same The storehouse A is intake using partition wall gate is partially opened if the storehouse B bottom of pond is also required to potassium permanganate disinfection, after cleaning and sterilizing, plugs B Storehouse drainpipe closes the storehouse B drain valve;The storehouse A inlet valve is opened, the storehouse A intakes again, and the water in the storehouse A gradually diffuses in the storehouse B, waits the water level in the storehouse B When reaching the 2/3 of partition wall, partition wall gate is opened, allows the water level balance in the storehouse A, B, the gas stone in the original storehouse B is then moved back to B from the storehouse A Storehouse, and uniformly dispersing, water inlet are intake always to depth of water 1.6-1.8m, are completed former pond and are fallen pond.
2. the method in pond is fallen in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan according to claim 1, it is characterized in that pond is fallen in former pond Aquaculture pond water temperature be lower than 30 degree, the cultivation density of America hilsa herring is less than 3 kilograms/m in aquaculture pond2, before pond, aquaculture pond water quality is just Often, bottom of pond cannot be smelly, and no more than 20%, the no summer aquaculture pond time of falling cell compartment for inhaling bottom is no more than bottom of pond nigrescence area 15 days, winter be no more than 30 days.
CN201710305233.6A 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 The method in pond is fallen in a kind of industrial aquaculture America pond Shi Yuan Active CN107223599B (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103026990A (en) * 2011-10-10 2013-04-10 上海市水产研究所 Technology for cultivating takifugu flavidus summer fingerlings in cement pond of simple plastic greenhouse

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103026990A (en) * 2011-10-10 2013-04-10 上海市水产研究所 Technology for cultivating takifugu flavidus summer fingerlings in cement pond of simple plastic greenhouse

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