CN107188771A - 一种γ‑硝基酚类化合物的手性合成方法 - Google Patents
一种γ‑硝基酚类化合物的手性合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107188771A CN107188771A CN201710375904.6A CN201710375904A CN107188771A CN 107188771 A CN107188771 A CN 107188771A CN 201710375904 A CN201710375904 A CN 201710375904A CN 107188771 A CN107188771 A CN 107188771A
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 ketone compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 269
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 267
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane Natural products ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 202
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 125
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical class CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 claims description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004204 2-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006275 3-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Br)=C([H])C(*)=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FBRJYBGLCHWYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F FBRJYBGLCHWYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004207 3-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical group CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UJHSIDUUJPTLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJHSIDUUJPTLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006276 2-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Br)=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003762 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 4
- CAAMSDWKXXPUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one Chemical group O=C1CNC=N1 CAAMSDWKXXPUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004807 desolvation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LPNBBFKOUUSUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 LPNBBFKOUUSUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- MFYLRNKOXORIPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 MFYLRNKOXORIPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NSTREUWFTAOOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1F NSTREUWFTAOOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MXNBDFWNYRNIBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 MXNBDFWNYRNIBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BBYDXOIZLAWGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 BBYDXOIZLAWGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LDMOEFOXLIZJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O LDMOEFOXLIZJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004201 2,4-dichlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(Cl)C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006280 2-bromobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Br)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
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- SLAMLWHELXOEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SLAMLWHELXOEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NFTLGDMHPVCNCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-benzyl-4,5-dihydroxy-1H-imidazol-2-one Chemical class OC1=C(O)NC(=O)N1CC1=CC=CC=C1 NFTLGDMHPVCNCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006279 3-bromobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C(Br)=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
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- FQXQBFUUVCDIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 FQXQBFUUVCDIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910004039 HBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WHMDPDGBKYUEMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2-thiol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=N1 WHMDPDGBKYUEMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种γ‑硝基酚类化合物手性合成方法,所述的方法按如下步骤进行:将手性催化剂、助催化剂、有机溶剂A混合,搅拌条件下加入式(iii)所示的酮类化合物和式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物,于10~40℃下搅拌反应6~18h,得到式(v)所示的化合物;向式(v)所示的化合物中加入有机溴化试剂、苯甲酸、色氨酸、溴化铜,在有机溶剂B中,在90~120℃下搅拌反应1h~15h,反应结束后,所得反应液B经后处理得到式(i)所示的γ‑硝基酚类化合物。本发明的优点在于:所述的手性硝基烷烃取代苯酚类化合物具有广泛的应用空间,本发明的合成方法,操作简单,反应条件温和,显现出良好的反应特性,反应收率高、选择性好。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种γ-硝基酚类化合物的手性合成方法。
(二)背景技术
羰基化合物的α-溴化反应在有机合成中是一类很重要的反应,因其α-羰基化合物的溴代产物具备高度的反应活性是常用于制备各种有生物活性的化合物的合成中间体。常用于羰基化合物的α-溴化反应的溴化试剂有溴素,溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)和溴化铜。近年来,相继报道了六亚甲基四胺/溴复合盐(HMTAB)、烷基溴/氢化钠/DMSO组合、H2O2/HBr氧化溴化体系、Cu(II)/溴化锂/O2氧化溴化体系、(CH3)3SiBr–KNO3、溴化铵/过氧硫酸氢钾、LiBr/Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、三溴异氰尿酸等不同的新溴化试剂和溴化体系,进一步丰富了溴化反应。
其中,值得一提的是,α,α-二溴-β-二羰基化合物结构上和NBS类似,但在有机合成中应用报道较少。在Lewis acid或者碱性存在时,在温和的条件下能够显著的增强该溴代羰基化合物上溴原子的亲电性,更容易释放1个或者2个溴离子,可作为有潜力的氧化剂和溴化剂如式1所示。
Coumbarides等用α,α-二溴丙二酸二乙酯做溴化剂,在无溶剂,无添加剂条件下,对取代环己酮进行溴化脱氢芳构化得到相应的2-溴代酚。其中,当2-位与4-位有取代基时得到96%收率的酚。随后,该课题组采用α,α-二溴丙二酸二乙酯和α-一溴丙二酸二乙酯为溴化剂分别对苯酚进行溴化反应,得到相同收率的4-溴苯酚;当有取代基时,溴化效果有很大的不同,该反应体系对吸电子基团较敏感,几乎没有溴化产物。
Zhang等报道了在lewis酸的手性控制下,用α-位二氯代的丙二酸酯做溴化剂,对酮进行α-位氯化的新方法如式2所示。
Papori等报道了以5,5,-二甲基-2,2-二溴-1,3-环己二酮为溴化剂,在手性氨基酸D-酪氨酸和D-戊氨酸的催化下,完成对羰基和β-二羰基化合物α-位溴代如式3所示。
Cui等报道了用α,α-二溴-β-二羰基化合物相比于NBS,CBr4等溴化剂,在中性条件下进行Appel反应,表现出更高的活性如式4所示。
Gomez等报道了一种对烯丙醇类化合物的α-溴化的方法。他们运用铱(III)金属[(Cp*Ir)2(OH)3]OH·11H2O为催化剂,对比了包括N-溴丁二酰亚胺(NBS)、四丁基三溴化胺(Bu4NBr3)、5,5-二溴-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环-4,6二酮以及2,2-二溴-5,5-二甲基环己烷-1,3-二酮在内的各种溴化试剂的溴化效果,研究发现2,2-二溴二酮得到最好的溴化效果如式5所示。
(三)发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种γ-硝基酚类化合物的手性合成方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种如式(i)所示的γ-硝基酚类化合物的手性合成方法,所述的合成方法包括(a)Michael加成反应和(b)芳构化反应两个步骤,并且所述的合成方法按如下步骤进行:
(a)Michael加成反应:将手性催化剂、助催化剂、有机溶剂A混合,搅拌条件下加入式(iii)所示的酮类化合物和式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物,于10~40℃下搅拌反应6~18h(优选为25℃,12h),反应结束后,所得反应液A经后处理得到式(v)所示的化合物;所述式(iii)所示的酮类化合物与所述式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物、手性催化剂及助催化剂的物质的量之比为1:1~6:0.1~0.3:0.05~0.3;所述的手性催化剂为咪唑啉酮、L-脯氨酸、二苯基脯氨酸硅氧醚或巯基吡啶;所述的助催化剂为下列之一:HCl、HBr、H2SO4、HBF4、HPF6、CH3COOH、CF3COOH、CF3SO3H、苯甲酸、邻氟苯甲酸、间氟苯甲酸、对氟苯甲酸、苯乙酸、对甲基苯甲酸、邻硝基苯甲酸、间硝基苯甲酸、对硝基苯甲酸、邻三氟甲基苯甲酸、间三氟甲基苯甲酸、对三氟甲基苯甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲基苯磺酸、对十二烷基苯磺酸、α-萘磺酸、β-萘磺酸、α-萘乙酸、油酸、硬脂酸、正十二烷基磺酸或甲基丙烯酸;
(b)芳构化反应:向步骤(a)所得式(v)所示化合物中加入有机溴化试剂、苯甲酸、色氨酸及溴化铜,在有机溶剂B中,在90~120℃下搅拌反应1h~15h(优选为100℃,12h),TLC检测反应进度,反应结束后,所得反应液B经后处理得到式(i)所示的γ-硝基酚类化合物;所述式(v)所示化合物与溴化试剂、苯甲酸、色氨酸、溴化铜的物质的量之比为1:1~4:0.25~1:0.25~1:0.1~1(优选为1:2:0.5:0.5:0.15),
式(i)、式(iii)、式(iv)或式(v)中,R1为H或C1~C20的烷基;
R2选自下列之一:2-甲氧基苯基、3-甲氧基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、2-硝基苯基、3-硝基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、苯基、2-氟苯基、3-氟苯基、4-氟苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2-溴苯基、3-溴苯基、4-溴苯基、苄基、2-氟苄基、3-氟苄基、4-氟苄基、2-氯苄基、3-氯苄基、4-氯苄基、2-溴苄基、3-溴苄基、4-溴苄基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基或3,5-二-三氟甲基苯基。
进一步,较为优选的,式(i)、式(iii)或式(v)中,所述的R1为氢、甲基、乙基取代基;
进一步,较为优选的,式(i)、式(iv)或式(v)中,R2为2-甲氧基苯基、3-甲氧基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、苯基、4-氟苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、3-溴苯基、4-溴苯基、2-硝基苯基、3-硝基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、萘基或噻吩基。
进一步,步骤(a)中,优选所述的咪唑啉酮为1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、1-苄基-4,5-二羟基-2-咪唑啉酮、2-咪唑啉酮或5-甲氧基-2-苯并咪唑啉酮。
进一步,步骤(a)中,所述的有机溶剂A为二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、二甲苯、三氟甲苯、二氯亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙腈、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇,优选为异丙醇。
再进一步,步骤(a)中,所述的有机溶剂A的体积用量以式(iii)所示的酮类化合物的物质的量计为2.5~10mL/mmol,优选为5mL/mmol。
进一步,优选所述式(iii)所示的酮类化合物与所述式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物的物质的量之比为3:1。
进一步,优选所述式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物与手性催化剂的物质的量之比为1:0.2。
进一步,优选所述式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物与助催化剂的物质的量之比为1:0.15~0.25,更优选为1:0.2。
本发明合成方法步骤(a)中,优选反应温度为25℃,反应时间为12h。
更进一步,步骤(a)中,所述的反应液A的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液A经水洗后,用乙醚萃取,萃取液蒸馏脱除溶剂后,所得浓缩物用200~300目硅胶进行柱层析分离,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:4的混合液,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,浓缩干燥得式(v)所示的化合物。
进一步,步骤(b)中,所述的有机溶剂B为二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、二甲苯、三氟甲苯、二氯亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、重蒸乙腈、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇,优选为重蒸乙腈。
再进一步,步骤(b)中,所述的有机溶剂B的体积用量以式(v)所示化合物的物质的量计为10~25mL/mmol,优选为10mL/mmol。
更进一步,步骤(b)中,所述反应液B的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液B用二氯甲烷萃取,萃取液蒸馏脱除溶剂后,所得浓缩物用200~300目硅胶进行柱层析分离,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:4的混合液,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,浓缩干燥得式(i)所示的γ-硝基酚类化合物。
更为具体的,所述的手性化合物为下列之一:
(1)(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚;
(2)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-苄基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(3)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(4)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(5)(R)-4-甲基-2-(1-(2-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(6)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(7)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-氟苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(8)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(2-萘基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(9)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(2-噻吩基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(10)(S)-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚;
(11)(S)-2-(1-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(12)(S)-2-(1-(3-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(13)(S)-2-(1-(4-氯苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(14)(R)-2-(1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(15)(R)-2-(1-(2-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(16)(S)-2-(1-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
(17)(S)-3-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚;
(18)(S)-4-乙基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚;
(19)(S)-4-乙基-2-(1-(4-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明所述的手性硝基烷烃取代苯酚类化合物具有抗菌性,可作为一些药物中间体的前体。
(2)本发明的合成方法,操作简单,反应条件温和,显现出良好的反应特性,反应收率高、选择性好。
(3)反应过程中加入的色氨酸能够明显提高反应收率,而且色氨酸为天然产物,容易获取;有机溴化试剂替代了部分金属溴化试剂,减少了金属溴化试剂的使用,使反应更绿色环保。
(4)本发明制备得到的手性γ-硝基烷酚化合物具有抗菌性、杀虫性、抗肿瘤和抗心律不齐等生物活性,可作为药物的重要前体。
(四)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
本发明的具体实施例中合成了如下所述的化合物:
实施例1:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌,TLC检测,反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1236g,76%Yield,95%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=212nm):tminor=16.385min,tmajor=17.972min.1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)7.39-7.30(m,4H),6.99-6.84(m,2H),6.65(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.23-5.17(m,1H),5.13(dd,J=12.9,7.4Hz,2H),5.02(dd,J=12.8,8.6Hz,1H),2.25(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)150.7,141.3,131.0,130.6,130.5,130.3,129.4,129.3,126.4,124.7,122.8,116.0,77.6,43.6,20.6.
实施例2:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮(0.12mmol,13.7mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml氯仿中,在10℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1123g,69%Yield,94%ee)。
实施例3:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂二巯基吡啶(0.12mmol,13.3mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml乙醚中,在40℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1045g,64%Yield,93%ee)。
实施例4:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),硬脂酸(0.12mmol,34.1mg)溶于1.0ml异丙醚中,在25℃下搅拌,6h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0934g,57%Yield,93%ee)。
实施例5:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),油酸(0.12mmol,33.8mg)溶于1.0ml四氢呋喃中,在25℃下搅拌,18h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0746g,49%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例6:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(0.6mmol,0.0672g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),α-萘乙酸(0.12mmol,22.3mg)溶于1.0ml1,4-二氧六环中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0873g,54%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例7:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(3.6mmol,0.4032g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),β-萘磺酸(0.12mmol,24.4mg)溶于1.0ml乙酸乙酯中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1087g,69%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例8:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.06mmol,6.1mg),α-萘磺酸(0.12mmol,24.4mg)溶于1.0ml甲苯中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1058g,65%Yield,94%ee)。
实施例9:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.18mmol,18.1mg),对十二烷基苯磺酸(0.12mmol,39.2mg)溶于1.0ml二甲苯中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0375g,23%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例10:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.03mmol,3.2mg)溶于1.0ml三氯甲苯中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.7482g,46%Yield,92%ee)。
实施例11:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.18mmol,22.0mg)溶于1.0ml二氯亚砜中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0736g,45%Yield,92%ee)。
实施例12:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),对甲基苯磺酸(0.12mmol,20.6mg)溶于1.0mlN,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在90℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1166g,71%Yield,96%ee)。
实施例13:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯磺酸(0.12mmol,19.0mg)溶于1.0ml乙腈中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在120℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0478g,29%Yield,91%ee)。
实施例14:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),对三氟甲基苯甲酸(0.12mmol,22.8mg)溶于1.0ml甲醇中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(0.5mmol,0.1446g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1196g,74%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例15:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),对硝基苯甲酸(0.12mmol,20.0mg)溶于1.0ml乙醇中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(2.0mmol,0.5782g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的1,4-二氧六环溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0856g,53%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例16:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),对甲基苯甲酸(0.12mmol,16.3mg)溶于1.0ml异丙醇中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.125mmol,27.9mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的甲苯溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0658g,40%Yield,92%ee)。
实施例17:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯乙酸(0.12mmol,16.3mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.5mmol,111.5mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的乙醇溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1103g,68%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例18:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),对氟苯甲酸(0.12mmol,16.8mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.125mmol,15.3mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的异丙醇溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0594g,37%Yield,94%ee)。
实施例19:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),间氟苯甲酸(0.12mmol,16.8mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.5mmol,61.0mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的氯仿溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0756g,46%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例20:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),邻氟苯甲酸(0.12mmol,16.3mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.05mmol,11.0mg),溶于1ml的乙醚溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0947g,58%Yield,95%ee)。
实施例21:(S)-4-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚的制备
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.5mmol,102.0mg),溶于1ml的乙酸乙酯溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1258g,77%Yield,94%ee)。
实施例22:(2)(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-苄基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚;
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-甲基-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.0978g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1133g,70%Yield,90%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel IC,i-PrOH/n-hexane=3/97,flow rate=0.6ml/min,λ=220nm):tminor=22.825min,tmajor=26.211min,90%ee.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.20(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.15(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.93(dd,J=14.8,6.7Hz,2H),6.65(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.17-5.07(m,2H),4.99(dd,J=12.2,8.2Hz,1H),4.85(s,1H),2.33(s,3H),2.25(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)150.8,137.2,135.7,130.6,129.6(×2),129.2,129.1,127.8(×2),125.71,116.1,78.1,43.4,21.1,20.6.
实施例23:(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-甲氧基-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1074g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1255g,73%Yield,94%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=220nm):tminor=26.678min,tmajor=28.425min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.29-7.20(m,2H),6.95-6.84(m,4H),6.64(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.35(s,1H),5.16-5.06(m,2H),4.97(dd,J=12.0,8.3Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),2.25(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)158.7,150.8,130.8,130.3,129.1(×2),129.0,128.9,116.0,125.7,114.2(×2),78.2,55.2,43.1,20.5.
实施例24:(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1,2-二甲氧基-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1254g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1236g,65%Yield,94%ee)。HPLC(ChiralcelAD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=1.0ml/min,λ=210nm):tminor=22.025min,tmajor=24.052min.1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.28(s,1H),7.22(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),6.83(dt,J=6.0,2.0Hz,4H),5.65(s,1H),5.17(dd,J=8.8,7.4Hz,1H),5.07(dd,J=13.0,7.2Hz,1H),4.95(dd,J=13.0,8.9Hz,1H),3.87(d,J=3.1Hz,6H),2.23(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)149.2,148.5,147.4,131.5,131.4,130.6,128.8,126.6,119.7,111.6,111.3,110.9,77.7,56.0,55.9,43.9,20.4.
实施例25:(R)-4-甲基-2-(1-(2-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-溴-2-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1362g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1327g,66%Yield,96%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=220nm):tminor=13.186min,tmajor=26.958min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.67–7.57(m,1H),7.32(dd,J=7.1,1.6Hz,2H),7.16(ddd,J=8.1,6.7,2.4Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=8.1,1.8Hz,1H),6.83(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.64(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.07(dd,J=13.5,8.1Hz,2H),4.95(dd,J=13.5,8.1Hz,1H),2.23(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)151.0,137.7,133.6,130.5,129.4(×2),129.0,128.7,127.7,125.1,123.8,116.0,76.3,43.0,20.6.
实施例26:(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-溴-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1362g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1210g.60%Yield,95%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=216nm):tminor=110.536min,tmajor=114.427min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50–7.41(m,1H),7.33–7.29(m,1H),7.28–7.26(m,1H),7.22-7.18(m,1H),6.95(dd,J=8.1,1.7Hz,1H),6.86(s,1H),6.66(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.19–5.05(m,2H),4.99(dd,J=12.8,8.9Hz,2H),2.25(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)150.7,137.4,133.2,131.9,130.6,129.6,129.3(×2),128.9,125.0,124.9,116.0,77.7,43.3,20.6.
实施例27:(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(4-氟苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-氟-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1000g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1188g.72%Yield,91%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=210nm):tminor=14.319min,tmajor=17.759min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.34-7.28(m,2H),7.07-6.98(m,2H),6.95(dd,J=8.1,1.7Hz,1H),6.87(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),6.66(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.19-5.13(m,1H),5.10(dd,J=12.8,7.2Hz,1H),4.99(dd,J=12.8,9.0Hz,1H),4.88(s,1H),2.25(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)161.0,150.6,134.6,130.6,129.5(×2),129.3,129.2,125.3,116.0,115.8,115.6,78.0,43.2,20.6.实施例28:(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(2-萘基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-(2-硝基乙烯基)萘(0.6mmol,0.1194g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1163g,63%Yield,94%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=50/50,flowrate=0.5ml/min,λ=208nm):tminor=67.376min,tmajor=28.283min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85-7.80(m,3H),7.77(s,1H),7.54-7.44(m,2H),7.42(dd,J=8.6,1.8Hz,1H),6.93(s,2H),6.67(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.40-5.33(m,1H),5.17(dd,J=14.5,8.0Hz,2H),4.95(s,1H),2.24(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)150.8,136.2,133.3,132.6,130.6,129.5,129.2,128.7,127.9,127.6,126.3,126.2(×2),125.4,116.0,77.8,43.7,20.6.
实施例29:(S)-4-甲基-2-(1-(2-噻吩基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-(2-硝基乙烯基)噻吩(0.6mmol,0.0930g)、4-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1294,82%Yield,72%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=1.0ml/min,λ=236nm):tminor=15.586min,tmajor=19.532min.1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.23(dd,J=5.0,1.3Hz,1H),7.00-6.94(m,4H),6.68(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.42(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.10(dd,J=12.9,7.3Hz,1H),5.07-4.98(m,2H),2.26(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)150.6,142.0,130.7,129.6,129.4,126.9,125.3,125.0(×2),116.1,78.6,39.6,20.6.
实施例30:(S)-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1181g,81%Yield,92%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=228nm):tminor=18.159min,tmajor=21.865min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.48–7.44(m,2H),7.23–7.14(m,3H),7.08(dd,J=7.7,1.4Hz,1H),6.92(td,J=7.5,0.8Hz,1H),6.76(dd,J=8.1,0.8Hz,1H),5.19(dd,J=8.9,7.2Hz,1H),5.10(dd,J=13.0,7.0Hz,2H),4.99(dd,J=13.0,9.0Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)152.9,137.8,132.0,129.6(×2),129.0,128.7(×2),125.3,121.4,116.1,77.6,43.2.
实施例31:(S)-2-(1-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-(2-硝基乙烯基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1302g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌,TLC检测反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1176g,63%Yield,96%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=20/80,flow rate=1.0ml/min,λ=220nm):tminor=6.986min,tmajor=9.186min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.60(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.45(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.18(td,J=7.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.08(dt,J=7.6,3.8Hz,1H),7.00-6.87(m,1H),6.78(dd,J=8.2,0.6Hz,1H),5.33-5.23(m,2H),5.14(dd,J=13.1,7.0Hz,1H),5.06(dd,J=13.2,9.1Hz,1H).1.65(m,3H),13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)152.9,142.9,129.8,129.2,128.8,128.32(×2),125.8,125.7(×2),124.9,121.5,116.1,77.4,43.5.
实施例32:(S)-2-(1-(3-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-溴-3-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1368g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌,TLC检测反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1256g,65%Yield,96%ee)。HPLC(ChiralcelOD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=20/80,flow rate=1.0ml/min,λ=210nm):tminor=25.678min,tmajor=21.198min.1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46(t,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.43-7.36(m,1H),7.26(s,1H),7.23-7.15(m,2H),7.10(dd,J=7.7,1.4Hz,1H),6.93(td,J=7.5,0.9Hz,1H),6.77(dd,J=8.1,0.9Hz,1H),5.20(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),5.11(dd,J=13.1,7.2Hz,1H),5.00(dd,J=13.0,8.9Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)152.9,141.1,131.1,130.6,130.3,129.0,128.8,126.5,125.0,122.9,121.5,116.1,77.5,43.4.
实施例33:(S)-2-(1-(4-氯苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-氯-3-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1102g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌,TLC检测反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1746g,52%Yield,95%ee)。HPLC(ChiralcelOD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=15/85,flow rate=0.7ml/min,λ=220nm):tminor=16.105min,tmajor=18.839min.1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.33-7.29(m,2H),7.27-7.23(m,2H),7.17(dd,J=7.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.08(dd,J=7.7,1.4Hz,1H),6.92(dd,J=7.6,0.9Hz,1H),6.77(dd,J=7.9,0.8Hz,1H),5.20(dd,J=8.9,7.2Hz,1H),5.13–5.07(m,2H),4.99(dd,J=13.0,9.1Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)152.9,137.2,133.3,129.5,129.3(×2),129.0(×2),128.7,125.3,121.4,116.1,77.6,43.1.
实施例34:(R)-2-(1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1,3-二氯-5-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1308g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌,TLC检测反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.0711g,38%Yield,94%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=15/85,flow rate=0.7ml/min,λ=208nm):tminor=10.919min,tmajor=25.625min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.44(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.30-7.28(m,1H),7.26(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.21-7.13(m,1H),7.04(dd,J=7.7,1.4Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=1.0Hz,1H),6.79(dd,J=8.1,0.8Hz,1H),5.63(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.26(s,1H),5.08(dd,J=13.6,7.7Hz,1H),4.96(dd,J=13.5,8.5Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)153.2,135.1,134.7,130.3,130.1,129.4,129.1(×2),127.3,123.7,121.4,116.0,77.3,40.2.
实施例35:(R)-2-(1-(2-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-甲氧基-2-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1074g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌,TLC检测反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1147g,70%Yield,77%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=1.0ml/min,λ=210nm):tminor=17.639min,tmajor=20.652min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.31-7.23(m,2H),7.18-7.09(m,2H),6.94-6.88(m,2H),6.86(t,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.81(dd,J=8.2,2.2Hz,1H),6.76(dd,J=8.0,0.9Hz,1H),5.24-5.18(m,1H),5.14-5.07(m,2H),5.00(dd,J=13.0,8.7Hz,1H),3.79(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)159.90,153.0,140.2,129.9,128.7(×2),125.7,121.4,120.1,116.1,114.2,112.5,77.8,55.2,43.5.
实施例36:(S)-2-(1-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-甲氧基-3-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1074g)、环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1176g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1179g,72%Yield,92%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=20/80,flow rate=1.0ml/min,λ=206nm):tminor=22.665min,tmajor=12.692min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.27-7.24(m,1H),7.22-7.12(m,3H),6.93(ddd,J=12.0,11.3,7.7Hz,4H),6.85-6.81(m,1H),5.82(s,1H),5.52(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.13-5.07(m,2H),3.93(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)156.3,153.6,128.8,128.6,128.0,127.7,126.6,125.2,121.4,121.1,116.7,111.2,77.3,55.9,36.6.
实施例37:(S)-3-甲基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯基苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、3-甲基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1344g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌TLC检测反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1732g,89%Yield,93%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=15/85,flow rate=0.7ml/min,λ=206nm):tminor=15.937min,tmajor=16.999min.1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38-7.33(m,2H),7.30(d,J=7.3Hz,3H),7.22(s,1H),6.67(s,1H),5.17-5.12(m,1H),5.11-5.05(m,2H),5.01-4.94(m,1H),2.30(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)152.2,138.5,138.1,135.0,132.2,129.0(×2),127.8(×2),127.7,118.5,115.5,77.7,43.2,22.6.
实施例38:(S)-4-乙基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入2-硝基乙烯基苯(0.6mmol,0.0894g)、4-乙基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1512g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1220g,75%Yield,93%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flowrate=0.8ml/min,λ=206nm):tminor=13.346min,tmajor=15.479min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.43–7.30(m,5H),7.03-6.86(m,2H),6.68(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.22-5.16(m,1H),5.13(dd,J=12.7,7.3Hz,1H),5.03(dd,J=12.8,8.6Hz,1H),4.85(s,1H),2.55(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.18(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)151.0,138.8,137.1,128.9(×2),128.2,127.9(×2),127.8,127.4,125.5,116.1,78.0,43.9,28.0,15.7.
实施例39:(S)-4-乙基-2-(1-(4-溴苯基)-2-硝基乙基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,加入1-溴-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(0.6mmol,0.1368g)、4-乙基环己酮(1.2mmol,0.1512g),手性催化剂L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,12.1mg),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,14.6mg)溶于1.0ml二氯甲烷中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)。将Michael加成产物(0.5mmol),有机溴化试剂(1.0mmol,0.2891g),溴化铜(0.075mmol,16.8mg),苯甲酸(0.25mmol,30.5mg),色氨酸(0.25mmol,51.0mg),溶于1ml的重蒸乙腈溶液中,在100℃下搅拌反应12h,反应完后,加入2ml水,水洗后用二氯甲烷萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。粗产品色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20)得目标产物(0.1428g,68%Yield,96%ee)。HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,i-PrOH/n-hexane=10/90,flow rate=0.8ml/min,λ=206nm):tminor=14.319min,tmajor=15.799min.1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50-7.42(m,2H),7.23-7.17(m,2H),6.99(dd,J=8.1,2.1Hz,1H),6.88(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),5.18-5.06(m,2H),5.01(dd,J=12.6,8.9Hz,1H),4.91(s,1H),2.55(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.18(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm)150.8,141.0,137.3,131.9,129.6(×2),128.7,128.1(×2),121.4,120.0,116.0,77.7,43.5,28.0,15.7.
对比例1:(S)-4-乙基-2-(2-硝基-1-苯基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,将4-乙基环己酮(0.6mmol,0.0756g)、(E)(2-硝基乙烯基)苯(1.2mmol,0.1788g),L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,0.0138g),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,0.0146g)溶于3ml溶剂中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。再通过Yamazen YFLC.AI.580中低压快速制备液相色谱,采用的是200-300目硅胶柱,洗脱溶剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:4的混合液,柱层析分离提纯得到的产物取0.1mmol,用重蒸乙腈(1mL)溶解于10mL小试管中,加入CuBr2(0.2mmol,0.0446g),110℃下反应80分钟,加入蒸馏水(10mL)洗涤,乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取,有机相减压脱溶,用乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:4混合溶剂为洗脱剂;200-300目柱层层析硅胶为填料,柱层析分离提纯得到的目标产物(0.2062g,收率75%,Ee值93%)。
对比例2:(S)-2-(1-(4-溴苯基)-2-硝基)苯酚
取干净10mL小试管,将环己酮(0.6mmol,0.0588g)、(E)-1-溴-4-(2-硝基烯烃)苯(1.2mmol,0.2724g),L-脯氨酸(0.12mmol,0.0138g),苯甲酸(0.12mmol,0.0146g)溶于3ml溶剂中,在25℃下搅拌,12h后加入2ml水,水洗后用乙醚萃取(1ml*3),加入无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压脱去溶剂。再通过Yamazen YFLC.AI.580中低压快速制备液相色谱,采用的是200-300目硅胶柱,洗脱溶剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:4的混合液,柱层析分离提纯得到的产物取0.1mmol,用重蒸乙腈(1mL)溶解于10mL小试管中,加入CuBr2(0.2mmol,0.0446g),110℃下反应80分钟,加入蒸馏水(10mL)洗涤,乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取,有机相减压脱溶,用乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:4混合溶剂为洗脱剂;200-300目柱层层析硅胶为填料,柱层析分离提纯得到的目标产物(0.195g,收率60%,Ee值76%)。
Claims (10)
1.一种如式(i)所示的γ-硝基酚类化合物的手性合成方法,其特征在于:所述的合成方法按如下步骤进行:
(a)Michael加成反应:将手性催化剂、助催化剂、有机溶剂A混合,在搅拌条件下加入式(iii)所示的酮类化合物和式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物,于10~40℃下搅拌反应6~18h,反应结束后,所得反应液A经后处理得到式(v)所示的化合物;所述式(iii)所示的酮类化合物与所述式(iv)所示的硝基烯烃类化合物、手性催化剂及助催化剂的物质的量之比为1:1~6:0.1~0.3:0.05~0.3;所述的手性催化剂为咪唑啉酮、L-脯氨酸、二苯基脯氨醇硅氧醚或巯基吡啶;所述的助催化剂为下列之一:HCl、HBr、H2SO4、HBF4、HPF6、CH3COOH、CF3COOH、CF3SO3H、苯甲酸、邻氟苯甲酸、间氟苯甲酸、对氟苯甲酸、苯乙酸、对甲基苯甲酸、邻硝基苯甲酸、间硝基苯甲酸、对硝基苯甲酸、邻三氟甲基苯甲酸、间三氟甲基苯甲酸、对三氟甲基苯甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲基苯磺酸、对十二烷基苯磺酸、α-萘磺酸、β-萘磺酸、α-萘乙酸、油酸、硬脂酸、正十二烷基磺酸或甲基丙烯酸;
(b)芳构化反应:向步骤(a)所得式(v)所示化合物中加入有机溴化试剂、苯甲酸、色氨酸及溴化铜,在有机溶剂B中,在90~120℃下搅拌反应1h~15h,反应结束后,所得反应液B经后处理得到式(i)所示的γ-硝基酚类化合物;所述式(v)所示化合物与溴化试剂、苯甲酸、色氨酸、溴化铜的物质的量之比为1:1~4:0.25~1:0.25~1:0.1~1,
式(i)、式(iii)、式(iv)或式(v)中,R1为H或C1~C20的烷基;
R2选自下列之一:2-甲氧基苯基、3-甲氧基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、2-硝基苯基、3-硝基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、苯基、2-氟苯基、3-氟苯基、4-氟苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2-溴苯基、3-溴苯基、4-溴苯基、苄基、2-氟苄基、3-氟苄基、4-氟苄基、2-氯苄基、3-氯苄基、4-氯苄基、2-溴苄基、3-溴苄基、4-溴苄基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基或3,5-二-三氟甲基苯基。
2.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:式(i)、式(iii)或式(v)中,所述的R1为H、甲基或乙基取代基。
3.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:式(i)、式(iv)或式(v)中,所述的R2为2-甲氧基苯基、3-甲氧基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、苯基、4-氟苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、3-溴苯基、4-溴苯基、2-硝基苯基、3-硝基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、萘基或噻吩基。
4.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,所述的咪唑啉酮为1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、1-苄基-4,5-二羟基-2-咪唑啉酮、2-咪唑啉酮或5-甲氧基-2-苯并咪唑啉酮。
5.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,所述的有机溶剂A为二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、二甲苯、三氟甲苯、二氯亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙腈、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇。
6.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,所述的有机溶剂A的体积用量以式(iii)所示的酮类化合物的物质的量计为2.5~10mL/mmol。
7.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,所述的反应液A的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液A经水洗后,用乙醚萃取,萃取液蒸馏脱除溶剂后,所得浓缩物用200~300目硅胶进行柱层析分离,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:4的混合液,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,浓缩干燥得式(v)所示的化合物。
8.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,所述的有机溶剂B为二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙醚、异丙醚、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、二甲苯、三氟甲苯、二氯亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、重蒸乙腈、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇。
9.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,所述的有机溶剂B的体积用量以式(v)所示化合物的物质的量计为10~25mL/mmol。
10.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,所述反应液B的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液B用二氯甲烷萃取,萃取液蒸馏脱除溶剂后,所得浓缩物用200~300目硅胶进行柱层析分离,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:4的混合液,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,浓缩干燥得式(i)所示的γ-硝基酚类化合物。
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