CN107188600A - 一种陶瓷球及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷球及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107188600A
CN107188600A CN201710566612.0A CN201710566612A CN107188600A CN 107188600 A CN107188600 A CN 107188600A CN 201710566612 A CN201710566612 A CN 201710566612A CN 107188600 A CN107188600 A CN 107188600A
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silicon nitride
powder
ceramic balls
nickel slag
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杨大胜
施纯锡
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FUJIAN HUAQING ELECTRONIC MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷球及其制备方法，陶瓷球的原料按重量份数计，由65～74份的氮化硅粉末、2～5份的氧化铝粉末、7～12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1～2份的稀土和6～8份的镍渣组成。相对现有技术，本发明的稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能。

Description

一种陶瓷球及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料技术领域，涉及一种陶瓷球及其制备方法。
背景技术
多孔磷酸铝(AlPO4)—氮化硅(Si3N4)陶瓷球在工业生产中的应用非常广泛，可以作为催化剂载体、化工填料、保温和耐火材料等。在作为光催化剂载体和其他液相反应催化剂载体，以及作为水中有毒物质的吸附剂时，为了保障具有高效的催化效果和(或)吸附效率，往往要求多孔陶瓷球在水中处于悬浮状态，这就需要制备一种轻质多孔陶瓷球。现有技术中，申请号为201610283606.X的《一种轻质多孔磷酸铝—氮化硅陶瓷球的制备方法》，其内容包括把氮化硅粉末、氧化铝粉末、磷酸二氢铝粉末、熔块粉末按照质量比为2：1：3.11：0.03的比例进行干混，但是制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能低的缺陷；以及氮化硅陶瓷球的韧性、强度均比较差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种陶瓷球及其制备方法，所要解决的技术问题是：氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能低等缺陷；以及韧性、强度均比较差。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种陶瓷球，其特征在于，按重量份数计，原料由65～74份的氮化硅粉末、2～5份的氧化铝粉末、7～12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1～2份的稀土和6～8份的镍渣组成。
本发明的有益效果是：加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。
进一步，所述镍渣由SiO2 3～5份、MgO 1～2份、Fe2O3 0.5～1份、余量为Na、Ca、Cr和Ni的氧化物。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：SiO2、Fe2O3、Ni的氧化物能增强氮化硅陶瓷的力学性能，增强强度，适应保温和耐火材料的复杂环境应用。
进一步，所述氮化硅粉末的粉末直径为0.5～1.5μm，氧化铝粉末的粉末直径为0.6～1.2μm，磷酸二氢铝粉末的粉末直径为0.4～0.7μm。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：氮化硅粉末、氧化铝粉末和磷酸二氢铝粉末的粉末直径小，能增快制备速度，提升氮化硅陶瓷的强度。
本发明解决上述技术问题的另一技术方案如下：一种陶瓷球的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1.按重量份数计取原料65～74份的氮化硅粉末、2～5份的氧化铝粉末、7～12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1～2份的稀土和6～8份的镍渣进行混合，得混合原料；
步骤S2.用磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，将粉碎后的混合料于65～75℃干燥后研磨并过80～120目筛，得粉料；
步骤S3.将粉料经造粒、粉料成型后在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行烧结，烧结温度为1800～2200℃，烧结时间为2～4小时，得氮化硅陶瓷。
本发明的有益效果是：加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能；在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行烧结，能提升氮化硅陶瓷的强度，同时能增多孔数，提升吸附隔热能力。
进一步，所述步骤S2中，磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，磨球机以300～360r/min的速度球磨6h～10h。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：研磨时间长，研磨完全，提升后续加工效率。
进一步，所述步骤S3中，粉料成型后进行热负压烧结，氩气和氮气混合气体产生的气压为-18～-25kPa。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：能增多氮化硅陶瓷的孔数，提升吸附隔热能力。
进一步，所述步骤S3中，热负压烧结过程中以60～80℃/min的速度升温至1900～2100℃，保温2～3小时。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：逐步提升烧结温度，能提升氮化硅陶瓷的强度。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例一种陶瓷球的制备方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1：
一种陶瓷球，按重量份数计，原料由74份的氮化硅粉末、2份的氧化铝粉末、7份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1份的稀土和6份的镍渣组成；其中所述镍渣由SiO2 5份、MgO 1份、Fe2O30.5份、余量为Na、Ca、Cr和Ni的氧化物；所述氮化硅粉末的粉末直径为0.5μm，氧化铝粉末的粉末直径为0.6μm，磷酸二氢铝粉末的粉末直径为0.4μm。
本实施例中加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能。
参考图1，一种陶瓷球的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1.按重量份数计取原料74份的氮化硅粉末、2份的氧化铝粉末、7份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1份的稀土和6份的镍渣进行混合，得混合原料；
步骤S2.用磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，磨球机以300r/min的速度球磨10h，将粉碎后的混合料于65℃干燥后研磨并过80目筛，得粉料；
步骤S3.将粉料经造粒、粉料成型后在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行热负压烧结，氩气和氮气混合气体产生的气压为-18kPa，烧结温度为1800℃，烧结时间为4小时，热负压烧结过程中以60℃/min的速度升温至2100℃，保温2小时；得氮化硅陶瓷。
本实施例中加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能；在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行烧结，能提升氮化硅陶瓷的强度，同时能增多孔数，提升吸附隔热能力。
实施例2：
一种陶瓷球，按重量份数计，原料由65份的氮化硅粉末、5份的氧化铝粉末、12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、2份的稀土和8份的镍渣组成；其中所述镍渣由SiO2 3份、MgO 2份、Fe2O3 1份、余量为Na、Ca、Cr和Ni的氧化物；所述氮化硅粉末的粉末直径为1.5μm，氧化铝粉末的粉末直径为1.2μm，磷酸二氢铝粉末的粉末直径为0.7μm。
本实施例中加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能。
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1.按重量份数计取原料65份的氮化硅粉末、5份的氧化铝粉末、12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、2份的稀土和8份的镍渣进行混合，得混合原料；
步骤S2.用磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，磨球机以360r/min的速度球磨6h，将粉碎后的混合料于75℃干燥后研磨并过120目筛，得粉料；
步骤S3.将粉料经造粒、粉料成型后在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行热负压烧结，氩气和氮气混合气体产生的气压为-25kPa，烧结温度为2200℃，烧结时间为2小时，热负压烧结过程中以80℃/min的速度升温至1900℃，保温3小时；得氮化硅陶瓷。
本实施例中加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能；在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行烧结，能提升氮化硅陶瓷的强度，同时能增多孔数，提升吸附隔热能力。
实施例3：
一种陶瓷球，按重量份数计，原料由70份的氮化硅粉末、3份的氧化铝粉末、10份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1.5份的稀土和7份的镍渣组成；其中所述镍渣由SiO2 4份、MgO 1.5份、Fe2O3 0.8份、余量为Na、Ca、Cr和Ni的氧化物；所述氮化硅粉末的粉末直径为1μm，氧化铝粉末的粉末直径为0.8μm，磷酸二氢铝粉末的粉末直径为0.5μm。
本实施例中加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能。
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1.按重量份数计取原料70份的氮化硅粉末、3份的氧化铝粉末、10份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1.5份的稀土和7份的镍渣进行混合，得混合原料；
步骤S2.用磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，磨球机以330r/min的速度球磨8h，将粉碎后的混合料于70℃干燥后研磨并过100目筛，得粉料；
步骤S3.将粉料经造粒、粉料成型后在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行热负压烧结，氩气和氮气混合气体产生的气压为-21kPa，烧结温度为2000℃，烧结时间为3小时，热负压烧结过程中以70℃/min的速度升温至2000℃，保温2.5小时；得氮化硅陶瓷。
本实施例中加入稀土，可有效优化微观结构，从而显著提高氮化硅陶瓷的韧性、强度；添加镍渣可以降低生产成本，把镍渣综合利用，而且制备出的氮化硅陶瓷具有力学性能高等优异性能；在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行烧结，能提升氮化硅陶瓷的强度，同时能增多孔数，提升吸附隔热能力。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种陶瓷球，其特征在于，按重量份数计，原料由65～74份的氮化硅粉末、2～5份的氧化铝粉末、7～12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1～2份的稀土和6～8份的镍渣组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷球，其特征在于，所述镍渣由SiO2 3～5份、MgO 1～2份、Fe2O3 0.5～1份、余量为Na、Ca、Cr和Ni的氧化物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷球，其特征在于，所述氮化硅粉末的粉末直径为0.5～1.5μm，氧化铝粉末的粉末直径为0.6～1.2μm，磷酸二氢铝粉末的粉末直径为0.4～0.7μm。
4.一种陶瓷球的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1.按重量份数计取原料65～74份的氮化硅粉末、2～5份的氧化铝粉末、7～12份的磷酸二氢铝粉末、1～2份的稀土和6～8份的镍渣进行混合，得混合原料；
步骤S2.用磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，将粉碎后的混合料于65～75℃干燥后研磨并过80～120目筛，得粉料；
步骤S3.将粉料经造粒、粉料成型后在氮气的质量百分数低于10％的氩气和氮气混合气体中进行烧结，烧结温度为1800～2200℃，烧结时间为2～4小时，得氮化硅陶瓷。
5.根据权利要求4所述的陶瓷球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，磨球机对混合原料进行球磨粉碎，磨球机以300～360r/min的速度球磨6h～10h。
6.根据权利要求4所述的陶瓷球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，粉料成型后进行热负压烧结，氩气和氮气混合气体产生的气压为-18～-25kPa。
7.根据权利要求4所述的陶瓷球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，热负压烧结过程中以60～80℃/min的速度升温至1900～2100℃，保温2～3小时。
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