CN107158248B - Dendrobium officinale processing method - Google Patents
Dendrobium officinale processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107158248B CN107158248B CN201710482498.3A CN201710482498A CN107158248B CN 107158248 B CN107158248 B CN 107158248B CN 201710482498 A CN201710482498 A CN 201710482498A CN 107158248 B CN107158248 B CN 107158248B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/898—Orchidaceae (Orchid family)
- A61K36/8984—Dendrobium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of dendrobium officinale. The method comprises the steps of harvesting, cleaning, softening, curling, shaping and the like. The dendrobium candidum processed by the method has high polysaccharide content and less loss of effective components. The method is simple and easy to operate, safe and efficient, saves time and labor, and avoids the phenomenon of uneven finished product quality caused by human factors in the traditional dendrobium officinale processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, relates to a method for processing traditional Chinese medicines, and particularly relates to a method for processing dendrobium officinale.
Background
Dendrobium officinale is the dried stem of Dendrobii officmalis Kimumet Migo of Orchidaceae, also known as Equisetum nigrum and Chlorophytum comosum. In Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition: [ PROPERTIES AND FLAVOUR GUIDING CHANNEL ] is sweet and slightly cold. It enters stomach and kidney meridians. [ FUNCTIONS AND INDICATIONS ] can nourish stomach, promote the production of body fluid, nourish yin and clear heat. Can be used for treating fever, body fluid consumption, dry mouth, polydipsia, stomach yin deficiency, anorexia, retching, persistent asthenic fever after illness, hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency, bone steaming, fatigue, dim eyesight, and flaccidity of tendons and bones. Dendrobium officinale has reputations of 'life saving Mesona chinensis' (the first of the Chinese Jiuda Mesona), etc., in China, Dendrobium officinale is not only a traditional famous and precious Chinese medicinal material, but also a Chinese key protection Chinese medicinal material, and has higher medicinal and economic values. At present, medicinal material products sold in the market by taking dendrobium officinale as a raw material mainly comprise three main types: firstly, the fresh product is directly eaten without processing; secondly, dry medicinal materials such as the Chinese sweetgum fruit and the like; and extracting effective components or comprehensive components to make into Chinese medicinal preparation, health product, etc., such as Dendrobium candidum granule, Dendrobium candidum extract, herba Dendrobii beverage, etc. However, the dendrobium officinale does not belong to the list of homology of medicine and food at present, and some deep-processed products cannot be legally marketed, so the processed dendrobium officinale products mainly sell fresh strips and Chinese sweetgum. Meanwhile, as the stems of dendrobium officinale contain mucus components, the mucus components are cured and stabilized after the dendrobium officinale stems are processed into the dendrobium candidum, and the effective components are not easy to decompose, so that the dendrobium candidum is more and more favored by people.
In the traditional dendrobium officinale processing, the process technology completely depends on manipulation and experience to a certain extent, and the yield and the quality of the dendrobium candidum completely depend on the technical proficiency of a processor. Therefore, the influence of human factors is great in the processing process, the processing process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the processing cost per kilogram is up to hundreds of yuan or even thousands of yuan, and some cannot completely meet the requirements of sanitation and environmental protection. In addition, the processing process mostly depends on manual operation, and safety accidents such as scalding and the like often occur. Based on the problems, the invention provides a machine-operated and manual-operated method for processing dendrobium officinale, and at present, no literature report is found.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method of dendrobium officinale, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art that: the dry dendrobium officinale processed by the traditional dendrobium officinale processing method has inconsistent curled spiral lines, large loss of effective components caused by stem breakage, easy shrinkage, hardening, color change, difficult rehydration and other phenomena, and easy scald and other problems in the processing process.
The processing method of the dendrobium candidum provided by the invention adopts a machine combined with manual operation, is simple and convenient, is easy to operate, is safe and efficient, saves time and labor, has high polysaccharide content in the dendrobium candidum processed, and is standard and beautiful in finished products.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a processing method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
(1) harvesting;
(2) cleaning and selecting;
(3) softening;
(4) curling;
(5) and (6) shaping.
According to the processing method of the dendrobium officinale, the harvesting time in the step (1) is from two years in winter to three years before flowering.
The processing method of the dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps of (2): removing roots and inflorescence stalks of the dendrobium officinale collected in the step (1), peeling off leaf sheaths, and manually cutting the long strips into dendrobium strips with the length of 8cm each section.
The processing method of the dendrobium officinale comprises the following softening method in the step (3): and (3) placing the cleaned and selected dendrobium officinale strips in the step (2) into a baking machine for baking, then moving the dendrobium officinale strips into a rolling machine for rolling, then moving the dendrobium officinale strips into the baking machine for baking, and repeating the steps for 2-3 times until the leaf sheaths are completely peeled off.
The processing method of the dendrobium officinale comprises the following step (4): and (4) lightly winding the dendrobium officinale strips softened in the step (3) on a cylindrical rod with the diameter of 2-4 cm.
The processing method of the dendrobium officinale comprises the following shaping method in the step (5): and (5) putting the dendrobium officinale strips wound on the cylindrical rod in the step (4) and the cylindrical rod into a baking machine together, performing primary shaping to form the spiral body, removing the cylindrical rod, and putting the spiral body into a drying machine for secondary shaping.
Further, in the softening method in the step (3), the temperature of a baking machine is 80-100 ℃, the baking time is 5-10min, the frequency of a rolling machine is 60-80r/min, and the rolling time is 3-8 min; in the curling method in the step (4), the winding mode is a spiral ascending type, and the cylindrical rods comprise wooden cylindrical rods, stainless steel cylindrical rods and bamboo cylindrical rods; in the shaping method in the step (5), the temperature of a baking machine is 60-70 ℃, the baking time is 1-2 hours, the temperature of a drying machine is 30-35 ℃, and the drying time is 5-8 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the processing method of the dendrobium officinale adopts a machine combined with manual operation, is simple and convenient, is easy to operate, is safe and efficient, saves time and labor, and avoids safety accidents such as scalding and burning in the processing process.
2. The dendrobium candidum processed by the dendrobium candidum processing method has high polysaccharide content of 55.8 percent, 56.0 percent and 55.6 percent respectively, the finished product is standard and beautiful, and the phenomenon of uneven quality of the finished product caused by human factors in the traditional dendrobium candidum processing is avoided.
3. The processing method of the dendrobium officinale provided by the invention reduces operation links and environmental pollution, reduces production cost, and can ensure and improve the quality of medicinal materials.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples, without limiting the scope of protection and the scope of application of the invention:
method for processing dendrobium officinale
Example 1
A processing method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
(1) harvesting: selecting the dendrobium officinale in the biennial winter, and scraping off a stem node with flesh at the stem base by using a knife;
(2) cleaning and selecting: removing roots and inflorescence stalks of the dendrobium officinale collected in the step (1), peeling off leaf sheaths, and manually cutting long strips into dendrobium strips with the length of 8cm in each section;
(3) softening: placing the cleaned and selected dendrobium officinale strips in the step (2) in a baking machine, setting the temperature to be 80 ℃, baking for 5min, then moving the dendrobium officinale strips into a rolling machine, setting the frequency to be 60r/min, rolling for 3min, moving the dendrobium officinale strips into the baking machine, baking, and repeating the steps for 2 times until all leaf sheaths fall off;
(4) curling: slightly winding the dendrobium officinale strips softened in the step (3) on a wooden cylindrical rod with the diameter of 2cm in a spiral ascending manner;
(5) shaping: and (3) putting the dendrobium officinale strips wound on the cylindrical rod in the step (4) and the cylindrical rod into a baking machine together, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃ and the time to be 1 hour, carrying out primary shaping to form spiral bodies, removing the cylindrical rod, putting the spiral bodies into a drying machine, setting the temperature to be 30 ℃ and the drying time to be 5 hours, and carrying out secondary shaping.
Example 2
A processing method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
(1) harvesting: selecting dendrobium officinale which grows for three years and before blooming, and scraping off stem nodes with flesh at a stem base by using a knife;
(2) cleaning and selecting: removing roots and inflorescence stalks of the dendrobium officinale collected in the step (1), peeling off leaf sheaths, and manually cutting long strips into dendrobium strips with the length of 8cm in each section;
(3) softening: placing the cleaned and selected dendrobium officinale strips in the step (2) in a baking machine, setting the temperature to be 90 ℃, baking for 8min, then moving the dendrobium officinale strips into a rolling machine, setting the frequency to be 70r/min, rolling for 5min, moving the dendrobium officinale strips into the baking machine, baking, and repeating the steps for 3 times until all leaf sheaths fall off;
(4) curling: slightly winding the dendrobium officinale strips softened in the step (3) on a stainless steel cylindrical rod with the diameter of 3cm in a spiral ascending manner;
(5) shaping: and (3) putting the dendrobium officinale strips wound on the cylindrical rod in the step (4) and the cylindrical rod into a baking machine together, setting the temperature to be 65 ℃ and the time to be 1.5 hours, carrying out primary shaping to form spiral bodies, removing the cylindrical rod, putting the spiral bodies into a drying machine, setting the temperature to be 32 ℃ and the drying time to be 7 hours, and carrying out secondary shaping.
Example 3
A processing method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
(1) harvesting: selecting dendrobium officinale which grows for three years and before blooming, and scraping off stem nodes with flesh at a stem base by using a knife;
(2) cleaning and selecting: removing roots and inflorescence stalks of the dendrobium officinale collected in the step (1), peeling off leaf sheaths, and manually cutting long strips into dendrobium strips with the length of 8cm in each section;
(3) softening: placing the cleaned and selected dendrobium officinale strips in the step (2) in a baking machine, setting the temperature to be 100 ℃, baking for 10min, then moving the dendrobium officinale strips into a rolling machine, setting the frequency to be 80r/min, rolling for 8min, moving the dendrobium officinale strips into the baking machine, baking, and repeating the steps for 3 times until all leaf sheaths fall off;
(4) curling: slightly winding the dendrobium officinale strips softened in the step (3) on a bamboo cylindrical rod with the diameter of 2-4cm in a spiral ascending manner;
(5) shaping: and (3) putting the dendrobium officinale strips wound on the cylindrical rod in the step (4) and the cylindrical rod into a baking machine together, setting the temperature to be 70 ℃ and the time to be 2 hours, carrying out primary shaping to form spiral bodies, removing the cylindrical rod, putting the spiral bodies into a drying machine, setting the temperature to be 35 ℃ and the drying time to be 8 hours, and carrying out secondary shaping.
The following are several conventional processing methods of Dendrobium officinale, which are comparative examples with the present invention, and are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 traditional Dendrobium officinale processing method
Second, quality evaluation of finished product
1. Finished product character identification
TABLE 2 identification result table of finished product properties
As can be seen from Table 2, the properties of the finished products in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention meet the requirements of Chinese pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) on Dendrobium officinale, and the finished products in the comparative examples 1 to 4 basically meet the requirements of Chinese pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) on Dendrobium officinale, which indicates that the Dendrobium officinale processed by the method of the invention is more standard and uniform.
2. Inspection index
Table 3 examination results table
| Moisture content | Total ash content | Alcohol soluble extract | Polysaccharide content | Mannose content | |
| Chinese pharmacopoeia | ≤12.0％ | ≤6.0％ | ≥6.5％ | ≥25.0％ | 13％-38％ |
| Example 1 | 8.6％ | 4.5％ | 8.7％ | 55.8％ | 31.3％ |
| Example 2 | 8.9％ | 4.2％ | 8.9％ | 56.0％ | 27.5％ |
| Example 3 | 8.7％ | 4.4％ | 8.8％ | 55.6％ | 28.6％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 8.3％ | 4.1％ | 8.1％ | 48.9％ | 29.8％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 8.6％ | 4.3％ | 8.7％ | 51.2％ | 27.3％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 7.9％ | 4.9％ | 8.1％ | 45.9％ | 19.7％ |
| Comparative example 4 | 7.8％ | 5.1％ | 8.3％ | 46.2％ | 20.5％ |
As can be seen from table 3, the finished products of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention meet the requirements of the "chinese pharmacopoeia" (2015 edition) on various inspection indexes of the dendrobium officinale, and the finished products of comparative examples 1 to 4 meet the requirements of the "chinese pharmacopoeia" (2015 edition) on various inspection indexes of the dendrobium officinale; the polysaccharide content of the finished products of examples 1-3 is higher than that of the finished products of comparative examples 1-4, which shows that the method of the invention can more effectively preserve the polysaccharide content of dendrobium officinale.
The above description should not be taken as limiting the invention to the specific embodiments, but rather, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simplifications or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should be construed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (1)
1. A processing method of dendrobium officinale is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) harvesting: the harvesting time is from two-year winter to three-year before flowering;
(2) cleaning and selecting: removing roots and inflorescence stalks of the dendrobium officinale collected in the step (1), peeling off leaf sheaths, and manually cutting long strips into dendrobium strips with the length of 8cm in each section;
(3) softening: placing the cleaned and selected dendrobium officinale strips in the step (2) into a baking machine for baking, then moving the dendrobium officinale strips into a rolling machine for rolling, wherein the frequency of the rolling machine is 60-80r/min, the rolling time is 3-8min, after the rolling is finished, moving the dendrobium officinale strips into the baking machine for baking, the temperature of the baking machine is 80-100 ℃, the baking time is 5-10min, and repeating the steps for 2-3 times until all leaf sheaths fall off;
(4) curling: lightly winding the dendrobium officinale strips softened in the step (3) on cylindrical rods with the diameter of 2-4cm, wherein the winding mode is a spiral ascending mode, and the cylindrical rods comprise wooden cylindrical rods, stainless steel cylindrical rods and bamboo cylindrical rods;
(5) shaping: and (3) putting the dendrobium officinale strips wound on the cylindrical rod in the step (4) and the cylindrical rod into a baking machine together, wherein the baking machine is at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and the baking time is 1-2 hours, carrying out primary shaping to form spiral bodies, removing the cylindrical rod, putting the spiral bodies into a drying machine for secondary shaping, and the drying machine is at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ and the drying time is 5-8 hours.
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| CN110150642A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-08-23 | 浙江东来天然生物制品有限公司 | A kind of processing method of selenium-enriched officinal dendrobium stem |
| CN108721508A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-02 | 九仙尊霍山石斛股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method of Dendrobidium huoshanness maple bucket |
| CN109430821A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-08 | 浙江牛头山药业有限公司 | Dendrobium nobile Ganoderma lucidum processes skill and its equipment |
Citations (3)
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| CN103202952A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-17 | 安徽康顺名贵中草药产业开发有限公司 | Processing method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN104524234A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 广西玉林容山堂生物科技有限公司 | Dendrobium candidum dry strip and processing method thereof |
| CN104758631A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 武义寿仙谷中药饮片有限公司 | Processing method of 'XianHu series' dried Dendrobium Candidum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103202952A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-17 | 安徽康顺名贵中草药产业开发有限公司 | Processing method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN104524234A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 广西玉林容山堂生物科技有限公司 | Dendrobium candidum dry strip and processing method thereof |
| CN104758631A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 武义寿仙谷中药饮片有限公司 | Processing method of 'XianHu series' dried Dendrobium Candidum |
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