CN107156481A - 一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107156481A CN107156481A CN201710363414.4A CN201710363414A CN107156481A CN 107156481 A CN107156481 A CN 107156481A CN 201710363414 A CN201710363414 A CN 201710363414A CN 107156481 A CN107156481 A CN 107156481A
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- feed addictive
- grice diarrhoea
- piglet
- diarrhoea
- vitamin
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及饲料技术领域，特别涉及一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法；由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液10～20、枯草芽孢杆菌液10～20、蒙脱石20～30、葡萄糖10～20、复合维生素5～10、复合中草药10～20；本发明的添加剂，对仔猪的腹泻情况具有显著的防治效果，能有效的降低仔猪的腹泻发病率至0.7％，对已经发生腹泻情况的仔猪的治愈率达98.4％以上，通过合理的配比，能有效改善仔猪肠道菌群失调，降低仔猪腹泻的发生，减少经济损失、为猪养殖业持续健康发展发挥了极其重要的意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饲料技术领域，特别涉及一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着规模化养殖水平不断提高，仔猪早期断奶越来越普遍，它不仅能提高母猪的生产力和圈舍设备的利用率，而且可以减少疾病的母源传播，还可以提高仔猪的生长性能以及后期的生长效果，然而，仔猪断乳后消化道发育尚未完善，胃酸分泌不足、消化酶分泌较少，仔猪断奶后常常出现消化不良、抗病力下降及腹泻等现象，最终表现为生长抑制，而以仔猪腹泻发病率最高，严重者直接导致仔猪的死亡，仔猪腹泻是由多种因素相互作用所导致的一种临床症状，常见的病原有细菌、病毒、寄生虫等，导致仔猪腹泻的原因有多种，包括卫生条件差，饲养员对温度变化不敏感，湿度大，使仔猪长期处于应激状态而发病，哺乳母乳奶水差，不能满足仔猪需求，诱发仔猪水样腹泻，细菌(大肠杆菌、魏氏梭菌)、病毒(流行性腹泻、传染性胃肠炎、轮状病毒)及寄生虫(球虫)等都会导致仔猪腹泻，且由于仔猪各器官都没有发育成熟，也导致腹泻最难治疗。
仔猪是整个猪养殖业的前提保障，因此，本研究者通过仔猪的生理特点，针对仔猪发育需求，研发一种能有效提高仔猪免疫力，减少仔猪的腹泻发病率，提高仔猪的存活率的添加剂，对猪养殖业来说具有重要意义，同时也为禽畜养殖业中腹泻疾病治疗提供一种新思路。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述技术问题，提供了一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法。
具体是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液10～20、枯草芽孢杆菌液10～20、蒙脱石20～30、葡萄糖10～20、复合维生素5～10、复合中草药10～20。
由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液15、枯草芽孢杆菌液15、蒙脱石25、葡萄糖15、复合维生素8、复合中草药15。
所述的蒙脱石，其含量≥95％。
所述的复合维生素，是维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素K中的两种或两种以上的混合物。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.2～0.5∶1.2～1.8：0.8～1.2的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药粉碎，加水熬煮成含水量为15～20％的浸膏，与剩余的其它原料混合，拌匀即可。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，将添加剂与仔猪日粮按0.5～1.5％：1的质量比混合，对仔猪进行喂食，当仔猪腹泻时，将添加剂与仔猪日粮按1～3％：1的质量比混合，对仔猪进行喂食。
以下对本发明采用的原料的功效作进一步的说明：
蒙脱石：蒙脱石在饲料上应用具有脱霉、止泻等作用，并且安全绿色，蒙脱石药理研究表明，它对大肠杆菌、霍乱弧菌、空肠弯曲菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和轮状病毒以及胆盐都有较好的吸附作用；对细菌毒素有固定作用；蒙脱石可以吸附各种消化道致病因子，蒙脱石与消化道粘液蛋白静电结合，可以增加粘液量并改善粘液质量提高粘液的内聚力和弹性，从而对消化道粘膜起保护和修复作用，蒙脱石对各种病因引起的腹泻均有效。
葡萄糖：能补充体内水分和糖分，具有补充体液、供给能量、补充血糖、强心利尿、解毒等作用，用于出汗、呕吐、腹泻引起的体液丢失。
维生素A：维生素A可以调节上皮组织细胞的生长，维持上皮组织的正常形态与功能，有助于维持免疫系统功能正常，能加强对传染病特别是呼吸道感染及寄生虫感染的身体抵抗力。
维生素D：缺乏维生素D时，会出现骨头和关节疼痛，肌肉萎缩，失眠，紧张以及痢疾腹泻等情况。
维生素E：唇炎、恶心、呕吐、眩晕、视力模糊、胃肠功能及性腺功能紊乱、免疫力下降、代谢失常等症状
维生素B1：能增进食欲，维持神经正常活动，缺乏维生素B1时，造成胃肠蠕动缓慢，消化道分泌减少，食欲不振、消化不良等障碍。
维生素K：维生素K可增加肠道蠕动和分泌功能，缺乏维生素K时平滑肌张力及收缩减弱，它还可影响一些激素的代谢
五味子：五味子性温，味甘、酸，归肺、心、肾经，适用于气津两伤，阴血不足，久泻不止等症，五味子能促进肝糖原的合成，使糖代谢加强，又能增加肝细胞蛋白质的合成。对淋巴细胞DNA合成有促进作用，使淋巴母细胞生成增多，并促进脾免疫功能，而五味子醇能增强肾上腺皮质激素的免疫抑制作用，能对抗同种异体组织移植排斥反应。
肉豆蔻：温中行气，涩肠止泻。用于脾胃虚寒，久泻不止，脘腹胀痛，食少呕吐，对胃肠道刺激作用，所含挥发油对胃肠道有刺激作用，且具有祛风作用，能促进胃液的分泌和刺激胃肠蠕动。
柯子：诃子为清凉解毒中药，诃子主治久泻；久痢；脱肛；有温中祛寒、涩肠止泻、理气之功效用于治疗脾胃虚寒、泻痢日久不愈之脘腹冷痛、便下脓血白多赤少、甚或脱肛者。
姜黄：姜黄中的主要成分-姜黄素，具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、降血脂、降血糖、抗溃疡、保护肝脏、抗心肌缺血、抗抑郁、抗菌、消炎、抗病毒和抗真菌等作用，对细菌、病毒引起的腹泻具有显著的疗效。
综上所述，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的添加剂，对仔猪的腹泻情况具有显著的防治效果，能有效的降低仔猪的腹泻发病率至0.7％，对已经发生腹泻情况的仔猪的治愈率达98.4％以上，通过合理的配比，能有效改善仔猪肠道菌群失调，降低仔猪腹泻的发生，减少经济损失、为猪养殖业持续健康发展发挥了极其重要的意义。
通过有益细菌的添加，能迅速消耗肠道中的游离氧，造成肠道低氧，促进有益厌氧菌生长，并产生乳酸等有机酸类，降低肠道PH值，间接抑制其它致病菌生长，枯草芽孢杆菌菌体自身合成α-淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶等酶类，在消化道中与仔猪体内的消化酶类一同发挥作用，耐酸碱，在酸性胃环境中能保持活性，可以耐唾液和胆汁的攻击，是微生物中可100％直达大小肠的活菌。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施方式，任何在本实施例基本精神上的改进或代替，仍属于本发明权利要求所要求保护的范围。
实施例1
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液10kg、枯草芽孢杆菌液10kg、蒙脱石20kg、葡萄糖10kg、复合维生素5kg、复合中草药10kg。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.2∶1.2∶0.8的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
实施例2
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液20kg、枯草芽孢杆菌液20kg、蒙脱石30kg、葡萄糖20kg、复合维生素10kg、复合中草药20kg。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.5∶1.8∶1.2的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
实施例3
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液15kg、枯草芽孢杆菌液15kg、蒙脱石25kg、葡萄糖15kg、复合维生素8kg、复合中草药15kg。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.4∶1.5∶1的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
实施例4
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液10kg、枯草芽孢杆菌液20kg、蒙脱石20kg、葡萄糖20kg、复合维生素5kg、复合中草药20kg。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.2∶1.8∶0.8的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
实施例5
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液20kg、枯草芽孢杆菌液10kg、蒙脱石30kg、葡萄糖10kg、复合维生素5kg、复合中草药15kg。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.5∶1.2∶1.2的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
实施例6
一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液15kg、枯草芽孢杆菌液20kg、蒙脱石25kg、葡萄糖10kg、复合维生素8kg、复合中草药10kg。
所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.2∶1.8：0.8的质量比混合。
所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药粉碎，加水熬煮成含水量为15～20％的浸膏，与剩余的其它原料混合，拌匀即可。
实验例
1、随机选取若干头年龄、健康状况、进食情况相同的仔猪，随机分为3组，采用日常管理方式进行喂养，且均由同一人进行喂养，不同之处在于，第一组将添加剂与仔猪日粮按0.5～1.5％∶1的质量比混合，对仔猪进行喂食，第二组在仔猪日粮中添加市售的预防腹泻的药物，第三组不添加任何药物，试验时间为20d，分别对仔猪的腹泻发病率、以及抗生素的使用情况进行统计，结果如表1所示：
表1
| 项目 | 发病率％ | 抗生素使用次数 |
| 第一组 | 0.7 | 0 |
| 第二组 | 1.2 | 1 |
| 第三组 | 3 | 5 |
2、随机选取若干头年龄、患病情况相同的仔猪，随机分为2组，采用日常管理方式进行喂养，且均由同一人进行喂养，不同之处在于，第一组将添加剂与仔猪日粮按1～3％∶1的质量比混合，对仔猪进行喂食，第二组在将市售治疗腹泻的药物与日粮按第一组的混合比混合，对仔猪进行喂食，试验时间为20d，以有效、无效、缓解来表示对仔猪的治疗情况，其中，有效代表治愈，已经恢复到发病前的状态，无效代表没有效果，病情加重或者死亡，好转率代表病情有所缓解，有待进一步治疗，结果如表2所示：
表2
| 项目 | 有效率％ | 无效率％ | 好转率％ |
| 第一组 | 98.4 | 0 | 1.6 |
| 第二组 | 93.5 | 4 | 2.5 |
Claims (8)
1.一种防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，其特征在于，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液10～20、枯草芽孢杆菌液10～20、蒙脱石20～30、葡萄糖10～20、复合维生素5～10、复合中草药10～20。
2.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，其特征在于，由以下按重量份计的原料组成：解淀粉芽孢杆菌液15、枯草芽孢杆菌液15、蒙脱石25、葡萄糖15、复合维生素8、复合中草药15。
3.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，其特征在于，所述的蒙脱石，其含量≥95％。
4.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，其特征在于，所述的复合维生素，是维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素K中的两种或两种以上的混合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，其特征在于，所述的复合中草药，是将五味子、肉豆蔻、柯子、姜黄按1∶0.2～0.5∶1.2～1.8∶0.8～1.2的质量比混合。
6.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药、蒙脱石混合，研磨成粉，再与剩下的原料混合，拌匀，经真空干燥后，即可。
7.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将复合中草药粉碎，加水熬煮成含水量为15～20％的浸膏，与剩余的其它原料混合，拌匀即可。
8.如权利要求1所述的防治仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂，其特征在于，将添加剂与仔猪日粮按0.5～1.5％∶1的质量比混合，对仔猪进行喂食，当仔猪腹泻时，将添加剂与仔猪日粮按1～3％∶1的质量比混合，对仔猪进行喂食。
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| CN113288919A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-24 | 浙江大学 | 解淀粉芽孢杆菌在预防断奶仔猪腹泻中的应用 |
| CN113907208A (zh) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-11 | 淮阴工学院 | 一种预防仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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| CN113288919A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-24 | 浙江大学 | 解淀粉芽孢杆菌在预防断奶仔猪腹泻中的应用 |
| CN113907208A (zh) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-11 | 淮阴工学院 | 一种预防仔猪腹泻的饲料添加剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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