CN107156195B - Botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests and application thereof - Google Patents
Botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107156195B CN107156195B CN201710568252.8A CN201710568252A CN107156195B CN 107156195 B CN107156195 B CN 107156195B CN 201710568252 A CN201710568252 A CN 201710568252A CN 107156195 B CN107156195 B CN 107156195B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests, which is a composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract, and is prepared into microemulsion or aqueous emulsion by adding an auxiliary agent; the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: veratrine 30-40%, Cotinus coggygria extract 20-40%, and gynura bicolor extract 20-50%. The composition obtained by compounding veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract according to a certain proportion has obvious synergistic effect and has good prevention and treatment effect on plant bug or bemisia tabaci or peach fruit borer. The microemulsion or the aqueous emulsion prepared by adding the composition into the auxiliary agent has stable quality, storage resistance and environmental safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests and application thereof.
Background
For a long time, because a great amount of chemical insecticide is used in production to ensure the yield and quality of agricultural products, great pressure is generated on the ecological environment, certain pests can quickly generate insecticide resistance, and if the dosage of the insecticide is further increased, the pesticide residue of the agricultural products seriously exceeds the standard, and great harm is caused to people, livestock and the environment. Therefore, development and utilization of agricultural chemicals having environmental compatibility and no harm to humans are increasingly favored in various countries.
The botanical pesticide is a pesticide prepared by processing plants or plant extract, belongs to a biological pesticide like a microbial pesticide, has natural active ingredients, is generally nontoxic and easy to degrade, has low possibility of accumulating toxicity in an ecological environment, and has environmental compatibility. The pesticide has the advantages of ensuring the effect on organic food and green food with continuously increasing demands, avoiding the negative effect caused by applying chemical pesticides, ensuring that pests are difficult to generate drug resistance, not killing natural enemies of the pests and the like, and being an ideal pesticide type.
With the progress of society, food safety issues are receiving increasing attention, and as the problem of pesticide residue during plant cultivation is the most concerned problem, through continuous research, a variety of plant insecticides have been developed, which are prepared by extracting effective components from plants with insecticidal special effects, adding auxiliary agents and dissolving, are known broad-spectrum, efficient, low-toxicity, easily degradable, residue-free insecticides, and have less pollution to human and livestock and the surrounding environment. However, the plant pesticide produced by each manufacturer has own consideration in selecting components and determining the dosage, but the actual using effect cannot meet the increasingly developed agricultural disinsection requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the botanical pesticide for preventing and controlling the plant pests, which is synthesized by natural plants, does not contain any toxic chemical component, and is environment-friendly, efficient and nontoxic.
The invention also discloses application of the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is a microemulsion or aqueous emulsion prepared from a composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract by adding an auxiliary agent;
the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: veratrine 30-40%, Cotinus coggygria extract 20-40%, and gynura bicolor extract 20-50%;
the microemulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of the composition, 10-20% of an organic solvent, 10-20% of a surfactant, 5-15% of a synergist and the balance of deionized water;
the aqueous emulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of composition, 5-15% of organic solvent, 5-15% of surfactant, 1-2% of thickening agent and the balance of deionized water.
The microemulsion of the invention is prepared by the following method: dissolving the composition with organic solvent, adding surfactant, and mixing; slowly adding the synergist and the deionized water at the stirring speed of 800-.
The aqueous emulsion is prepared by the following method: dissolving the composition with organic solvent, adding surfactant, and mixing; then adding the thickening agent and the deionized water, and stirring, emulsifying and dispersing in a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at the rotating speed of 9000-10000 r/min to obtain the product.
Said cotinus coggygria extract is obtained by extracting cotinus coggygria with acetone.
The smoke tree extract is prepared by the following steps: cutting off woody part of Cotinus coggygria, drying in the shade for 1 month, pulverizing, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain Cotinus coggygria powder; taking a proper amount of cotinus coggygria powder, and mixing the cotinus coggygria powder according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: 20 adding acetone, leaching at 50 deg.C for 5 hr, and vacuum concentrating the leaching solution to obtain extract with water content of 3-5% to obtain Cotinus coggygria extract.
The gynura bicolor extract is obtained by extracting fresh gynura bicolor leaves by using ethanol through an extraction method.
The extraction method of the gynura bicolor extract is prepared by the following steps: cleaning fresh gynura bicolor leaves, draining, drying at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain gynura bicolor powder; taking a proper amount of gynura bicolor powder, and mixing the raw materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: adding 70% ethanol into 25, extracting at 60 deg.C for 3 hr, and vacuum concentrating the extract to obtain extract with water content of 2-5% to obtain Gynura bicolor extract.
The organic solvent is one of ethanol, methanol and acetone.
The surfactant is one of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
The synergist is orange oil aqua or nano titanium dioxide with the mass concentration of 5.6%.
The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide used in the invention is 5-10 nm.
The thickening agent is guar gum or Arabic gum.
A plant pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is prepared from veratrine, Cotinus coggygria extract and radix Aleuritis Formosanae extract, and adjuvant by mixing to obtain microemulsion or emulsion in water for preventing and treating plant bug or tobacco powder louse or peach fruit moth.
The application method of the botanical pesticide for preventing and controlling the plant pests comprises the following steps: adding 1000 times of water into the finished product for dilution, and spraying the diluted product onto plants.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the composition obtained by compounding veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract according to a certain proportion has obvious synergistic effect and has good prevention and treatment effect on plant bug or bemisia tabaci or peach fruit borer. The microemulsion or the aqueous emulsion prepared by adding the composition into the auxiliary agent has stable quality, storage resistance and environmental safety.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention without limiting its scope.
Example 1
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is a microemulsion or aqueous emulsion prepared from a composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract by adding an auxiliary agent;
the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: veratrine 30%, cotinus coggygria extract 20%, and gynura bicolor extract 50%;
the microemulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of the composition, 20% of an organic solvent, 20% of a surfactant, 5% of a synergist and the balance of deionized water;
the aqueous emulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of the composition, 5% of an organic solvent, 5% of a surfactant, 2% of a thickening agent and the balance of deionized water.
The microemulsion of the invention is prepared by the following method: dissolving the composition with organic solvent, adding surfactant, and mixing; slowly adding the synergist and the deionized water at the stirring speed of 800-.
The aqueous emulsion is prepared by the following method: dissolving the composition with organic solvent, adding surfactant, and mixing; then adding the thickening agent and the deionized water, and stirring, emulsifying and dispersing in a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at the rotating speed of 9000-10000 r/min to obtain the product.
Said cotinus coggygria extract is obtained by extracting cotinus coggygria with acetone.
The smoke tree extract is prepared by the following steps: cutting off woody part of Cotinus coggygria, drying in the shade for 1 month, pulverizing, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain Cotinus coggygria powder; taking a proper amount of cotinus coggygria powder, and mixing the cotinus coggygria powder according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: 20 adding acetone, leaching at 50 deg.C for 5 hr, and vacuum concentrating the leaching solution to obtain extract with water content of 3-5% to obtain Cotinus coggygria extract.
The gynura bicolor extract is obtained by extracting fresh gynura bicolor leaves by using ethanol through an extraction method.
The extraction method of the gynura bicolor extract is prepared by the following steps: cleaning fresh gynura bicolor leaves, draining, drying at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain gynura bicolor powder; taking a proper amount of gynura bicolor powder, and mixing the raw materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: adding 70% ethanol into 25, extracting at 60 deg.C for 3 hr, and vacuum concentrating the extract to obtain extract with water content of 2-5% to obtain Gynura bicolor extract.
The organic solvent is ethanol.
The surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
The synergist is an orange oil aqua with the mass concentration of 5.6%.
The thickening agent is guar gum.
A plant pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is prepared from veratrine, Cotinus coggygria extract and radix Aleuritis Formosanae extract, and adjuvant by mixing to obtain microemulsion or emulsion in water for preventing and treating plant bug or tobacco powder louse or peach fruit moth.
The application method of the botanical pesticide for preventing and controlling the plant pests comprises the following steps: adding 1000 times of water into the finished product for dilution, and spraying the diluted product onto plants.
Example 2
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is a microemulsion or aqueous emulsion prepared from a composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract by adding an auxiliary agent;
the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: veratrine 35%, cotinus coggygria extract 30%, and gynura bicolor extract 35%;
the microemulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of the composition, 15% of an organic solvent, 15% of a surfactant, 10% of a synergist and the balance of deionized water;
the aqueous emulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of the composition, 10% of an organic solvent, 10% of a surfactant, 1% of a thickening agent and the balance of deionized water.
Said cotinus coggygria extract is obtained by extracting cotinus coggygria with acetone.
The gynura bicolor extract is obtained by extracting fresh gynura bicolor leaves by using ethanol through an extraction method.
The organic solvent is methanol.
The surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
The synergist is an orange oil aqua with the mass concentration of 5.6%.
The thickening agent is Arabic gum.
A plant pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is prepared from veratrine, Cotinus coggygria extract and radix Aleuritis Formosanae extract, and adjuvant by mixing to obtain microemulsion or emulsion in water for preventing and treating plant bug or tobacco powder louse or peach fruit moth.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is a microemulsion or aqueous emulsion prepared from a composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract by adding an auxiliary agent;
the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: veratrine 40%, cotinus coggygria extract 40%, and gynura bicolor extract 20%;
the microemulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of the composition, 10% of an organic solvent, 10% of a surfactant, 15% of a synergist and the balance of deionized water;
the aqueous emulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of composition, 15% of organic solvent, 15% of surfactant, 2% of thickening agent and the balance of deionized water.
Said cotinus coggygria extract is obtained by extracting cotinus coggygria with acetone.
The gynura bicolor extract is obtained by extracting fresh gynura bicolor leaves by using ethanol through an extraction method.
The organic solvent is acetone.
The surfactant is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The synergist is nano titanium dioxide.
The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide used in the invention is 5-10 nm.
The thickening agent is guar gum.
A plant pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is prepared from veratrine, Cotinus coggygria extract and radix Aleuritis Formosanae extract, and adjuvant by mixing to obtain microemulsion or emulsion in water for preventing and treating plant bug or tobacco powder louse or peach fruit moth.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Insecticidal test
The plant-derived agricultural chemicals prepared in examples 1 to 3 were diluted with 1000 times of water, respectively, to prepare experimental groups 1 to 3; meanwhile, the control groups 1-3 were veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract (prepared by the method of example 1) and gynura bicolor extract (prepared by the method of example 1) diluted with 1000 times of water, respectively, and the pesticide tests were conducted on plant bug, bemisia tabaci and peach fruit moth. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 insecticidal test
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A botanical pesticide for preventing and treating plant pests is characterized in that the botanical pesticide is a composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract, and is prepared into microemulsion or aqueous emulsion by adding an auxiliary agent;
the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: veratrine 30-40%, Cotinus coggygria extract 20-40%, and gynura bicolor extract 20-50%;
the microemulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of the composition, 10-20% of an organic solvent, 10-20% of a surfactant, 5-15% of a synergist and the balance of deionized water;
the aqueous emulsion is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of the composition, 5-15% of an organic solvent, 5-15% of a surfactant, 1-2% of a thickening agent and the balance of deionized water;
the smoke tree extract is prepared by the following method: cutting off woody part of Cotinus coggygria, drying in the shade for 1 month, pulverizing, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain Cotinus coggygria powder; taking a proper amount of cotinus coggygria powder, and mixing the cotinus coggygria powder according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: 20 adding acetone, leaching at 50 deg.C for 5 hr, and vacuum concentrating the leaching solution to obtain extract with water content of 3-5% to obtain Cotinus coggygria extract;
the extraction method of the gynura bicolor extract is prepared by the following steps: cleaning fresh gynura bicolor leaves, draining, drying at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain gynura bicolor powder; taking a proper amount of gynura bicolor powder, and mixing the raw materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: adding 70% ethanol into 25, extracting at 60 deg.C for 3 hr, and vacuum concentrating the extract to obtain extract with water content of 2-5% to obtain Gynura bicolor extract.
2. The plant-derived pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is one of ethanol, methanol and acetone.
3. The plant-derived pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is one of alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkylphenol ethoxylates and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ethers.
4. The plant-derived pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the synergist is an orange oil aqua or nano titanium dioxide with a mass concentration of 5.6%.
5. The plant-derived pesticide according to claim 1, wherein the thickener is guar gum or gum arabic.
6. Use of a plant-derived pesticide for controlling plant pests as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the composition consisting of veratrine, cotinus coggygria extract and gynura bicolor extract is applied to control plant bug or bemisia tabaci or peach fruit moth in the form of a microemulsion or an emulsion in water formulated with adjuvants.
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| CN106135323A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 固镇县华丰蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of insecticide preventing and treating Fructus Benincasae liriomyza bryoniae insect pest |
| CN106490022A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of plant compound pesticide containing jervine and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106135323A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 固镇县华丰蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of insecticide preventing and treating Fructus Benincasae liriomyza bryoniae insect pest |
| CN106490022A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of plant compound pesticide containing jervine and preparation method thereof |
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| Title |
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| 0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂防治蔬菜烟粉虱田间药效试验;杨艳等;《上海农业科技》;20151231(第6期);第142页 * |
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