CN107155843A - A kind of method that the seedling industrialized transplanting of Chinese yam tissue culture and potato seed of improvement are cultivated - Google Patents
A kind of method that the seedling industrialized transplanting of Chinese yam tissue culture and potato seed of improvement are cultivated Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155843A CN107155843A CN201710344309.6A CN201710344309A CN107155843A CN 107155843 A CN107155843 A CN 107155843A CN 201710344309 A CN201710344309 A CN 201710344309A CN 107155843 A CN107155843 A CN 107155843A
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- seedbed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Abstract
The invention discloses " a kind of method that the seedling industrialized transplanting of Chinese yam tissue culture and potato seed of improvement are cultivated ", belong to field of agricultural production technologies.Tissue-cultured seedling of the present invention is transplanted after hardening, and transplanting a living stage, to take vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation to combine ventilated, Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling is adapted to external environment after transplanting and changes rapidly, and transplanting survival rate is up to 71.9%;Again through series of steps such as strict seedbed managements, final more than the 20g tissue culture potato seeds ratio that obtains is 45.3%.The present invention transplants tissue-cultured seedling using vexed foster box, and the transplantation of seedlings of Chinese yam tissue culture and potato seed breeding factorial praluction can be achieved.The present invention has easy to operate, and it is high to cultivate potato seed quality, potato seed reproduction speed it is fast and with virus it is few the characteristics of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of seedling industrialized transplanting of the Chinese yam tissue culture of improvement and potato seed are cultivated, belong to agricultural production
Technical field.
Background technology
Chinese yam (Dioscorea Opposita Thunb.), is that the perennial herbaceous stem prehensile liana of Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea is planted
There is plantation thing, China north and south various regions.It is the genuine medicinal material of China and biography because it has higher nutritive value and medical value
System exporting, the state such as its product situation of selling well Southeast Asia and Japan.Chinese yam is generally bred using stem tuber, and breeding coefficient is low, and
Production cost is high, and viral constantly accumulation is caused kind of a sexual involution using stem tuber breeding for a long time, has had a strong impact on quality and production
The raising of amount.
Tissue cultures can not only improve breeding coefficient, and can effectively keep kind kind using detoxication and tissue culture technology
Property, improving quality improves yield.But test tube seedling has domestication and requires strict, transplanting survival rate is relatively low, potato seed yield is relatively low etc. asks
Topic.Especially under the general condition of culture of Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling, generate aerial root, to external world the adaptability and resistance of environment more
Difference, transplanting can cause seedling mortality, therefore Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate is always limitation Chinese yam tissue culture expanding propagation application
Basic reason.While transplanting seedlings, how to ensure humidityIn the case of ensureing humidity, ventilation is wantedHow to create and tissue culture
The similar environment of condition of cultureWhether there is ready-made container can use
The tissue cultures of Zhou Yuling Deng Hui buildings Chinese yam study (Agriculture of Anhui science, 2009, (20) with fast breeding technique:
Only proposed in 9407-9408) after tissue culture transplantation of seedlings plus plastic jacket water conservation, tissue-cultured seedling survival rate can be made more than 90%.But
Can how Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling transplants in time be beneficial to batch production, obtain original silkworm egg after transplanting, how scientific management and then to obtain high
The original silkworm egg of quality is not recorded.
" a kind of method that utilization Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling cultivates Chinese yam potato seed " for the patent No. 2015101525862 announced is public
A kind of method for the transplantation of seedlings of Chinese yam tissue culture and cultivation Chinese yam potato seed has been opened, Chinese yam potato seed is bred using tissue-cultured seedling.It is first
Cultivate the offspring that grows directly from seeds:Utilize 1/2MS+6-BA0.1mgL-1+NAA2.0mg·L-1Root media, is hidden using tissue culture bottle bottom
Light processing, it is ensured that tissue-cultured seedling bottom not irradiation, culture of rootage is carried out to Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling.Cultivation temperature (25 ± 2) DEG C, during illumination
Between 12hd-1, cultivation cycle is 60~70d, that is, obtains the Chinese yam tissue culture test tube seedling based on the root that grows directly from seeds;Next to that local water conservation
Covering is transplanted:Test tube seedling grows to 4~6cm of height of seedling, grow directly from seeds root 10~15 when, after hardening treatment, be transplanted to matrix seedbed;Move
After cultivation, gently hanged and be placed on the complete clad of tissue-cultured seedling aerial part on tissue-cultured seedling with light transmission container, local guarantor is carried out to tissue-cultured seedling
Water is covered, seedbed covering sunshade net;Transplant whole day in 3d and keep covering and sunshade;Transplant 3d in the sky after afternoon~second at 5 points
8 points of noon takes off covers tissue culture bottle water conservation at 8 points and sunshade net shelters from heat or light again after tissue culture bottle and sunshade net, and 1 is repeated every 1d
It is secondary;Sunshade net is taken off completely after taking tissue culture bottle, 60d off completely when transplanting 20d.Realize industrial production of breeding of the Chinese yam seeds,
But there is method for transplanting complex operation, take a lot of work and cultivate the problem of potato seed quality is relatively low, expand numerous less efficient.
The content of the invention
Technical problem
Present invention mainly solves method for transplanting in the prior art it is cumbersome, take a lot of work and cultivate potato seed quality it is relatively low, expand it is numerous
Less efficient technical problem, the technical method of factory culturing potato seed is carried out beneficial to Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling.
Technical scheme
To solve the above problems, the method that a kind of seedling industrialized transplanting of the Chinese yam tissue culture of improvement of the invention and potato seed are cultivated,
The technical scheme of use is:
Vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation is transplanted:Test tube seedling grows to 4~6cm of height of seedling, after hardening treatment, is transplanted to vexed foster box, vexed
Support and be paved with matrix in box;Vexed foster box air-vent is opened after transplanting, sunshade net is covered;After 14d, take vexed foster lid, daytime off in the evening
Cover again, in case of rainy weather whole day is not covered.
Transplant in seedbed:After 30d, the tissue-cultured seedling carrying substrates survived are moved into matrix seedbed and sunshade net is covered, taken off after 2 weeks
Sunshade net.
In the local water conservation covering method for transplanting, vexed foster box (Suzhou Xin Cheng horticultural materials Co., Ltd) specification is, long
The wide high 12cm of 28cm lids of 54cm, 32 caves, vexed foster box single cave specification is, bottom footpath 3.8cm height 6.2cm bores 5.9cm.
You machines matter Han Liang≤50%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in matrix, thickness 5.5cm-6.5cm, matrix are paved with the vexed foster box
Han Liang≤2.5%.
The method for transplanting is:Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted to after vexed foster box, opens air-vent, and cover sunshade net.Transplant 14d
Afterwards, daytime covers vexed foster lid, and take off in the evening, in case of rainy weather whole day is not covered.Transplant the tissue-cultured seedling tape base survived after 30d
Matter moves into matrix seedbed and covers sunshade net, transplants seedbed and takes sunshade net off after 2 weeks.
The seedbed is:Seedbed uses sufficient organic fertilizer, ploughs deeply thin rake, by seedbed digging 5~7cm depth before transplanting, the wide 1m in seedbed,
Soil is smashed and covers 4~5cm of Nutrition Soil, 4.5% effective cypermethrin of uniform sprinkling pours water standby around seedbed and seedbed;
Seedbed water management after transplanting:Root water is poured on the day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, a water is poured every 2~3d later;Tissue-cultured seedling is survived
After to water in time, seedbed should be seen wet;Fertilizer management:Expanding stage imposes 45% common NPK 0.15kgm2;Seedling
Triangle bamboo frame, which is taken, on bed supplies shoot growth.
Beneficial effect
(1) the vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation method for transplanting of the present invention, simplifies Chinese yam tissue culture method for transplanting, can be achieved once to take off
(lid) 32 tissue-cultured seedling, are greatlyd save manually, and Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate brings up to more than 70%;Pass through 2 shiftings
Cultivating method, the tissue-cultured seedling survived is transplanted into seedbed again, has saved seedbed land used, while also saving seedbed management recruitment.Solution
The culture of " a kind of method that utilization Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling cultivates Chinese yam potato seed " of the patent No. of having determined 2015101525862 is grown directly from seeds offspring
The problem of covering the method for transplanting complex operation transplanted with local water conservation, take a lot of work.
(2) this research is set about from the measure such as seedbed management after seedbed preparation, method for transplanting, transplanting of transplanting, and passes through 2 shiftings
Plant, be transplanted to the survival rate in seedbed to 100%, save the consumptive material loss of land used cost and unit area, save simultaneously
Recruitment, inherently solves the numerous less efficient technical problem of expansion, reaches high efficiency factory culturing Chinese yam tissue culture potato seed
Purpose.
(3) present invention is transplanted by optimum period, and the supporting application of the measure such as seedbed precision management enables the tissue-cultured seedling survived
High-quality potato seed is formed, wherein it is 45.3% to obtain more than 20g tissue culture potato seeds ratio.Solve the patent No.
2015101525862 " a kind of method that utilization Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling cultivates Chinese yam potato seed " cultivates the problem of potato seed quality is relatively low,
3 times than the acquisition 5g above tissue culture potato seed Quality advances described in the patent No. 2015101525862.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 tissue culture transplantation of seedlings processes.
A:Tissue-cultured seedling is transplanted to vexed foster box;B:Vexed foster lid lid simultaneously opens passage;C:Tissue-cultured seedling is survived;D:Tissue-cultured seedling is moved
Plant to seedbed;E:Seedbed tissue-cultured seedling is survived.
Embodiment
Below by based on " method that a kind of seedling industrialized transplanting of the Chinese yam tissue culture of improvement and potato seed are cultivated " furtherly
The bright present invention.
1 materials and methods
1.1 material:Taizhou purple yam test tube seedling
1.2 experimental working technique
1. hardening:Cultivation cycle is 60~70d, and 4~6cm of height of seedling tissue-cultured seedling, whole bottle is moved on to and culturing room temperature difference 5
Outdoor within DEG C, in placing 5~6d under scattered light, opens bottle cap 1d.
2. seedbed preparation:Seedbed uses sufficient organic fertilizer (N+P2O5+K2O >=7%, organic matter >=30%, Nanjing Changhong fertilizer is public
Department) 1.5kgm2, thin rake is ploughed deeply, spade depth soil (5~7cm) is dug into seedbed before transplanting, soil is smashed and covers battalion by the wide 1m in seedbed
Supporting soil, (You machines matter Han Liang≤50% in organic culture substrate, matrix, nitrogen, phosphorus, Jia Han Liang≤2.5%, the emerging agriculture organic fertilizer in Zhenjiang has
Limit company) 4~5cm, uniformly sprays 4.5% effective cypermethrin around seedbed and seedbed, pours water standby.
3. vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation is transplanted:Cultivation cycle is 60~70d, 4~6cm of height of seedling tissue-cultured seedling, through hardening treatment
Afterwards, vexed foster box is transplanted to,
Nutrition Soil is paved with the vexed foster box, and (You machines matter Han Liang≤50% in organic culture substrate, matrix, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium contain
Amount≤2.5%, Zhenjiang Xing Nong organic fertilizers Co., Ltd), thickness about 6cm;
Vexed foster box specification is, the long wide high 12cm of 28cm lids of 54cm, and 32 caves, vexed foster box single cave specification is that bottom footpath 3.8cm is high
Spend 6.2cm bores 5.9cm;
Vexed foster box air-vent is opened after transplanting, sunshade net is covered;
Transplant after 14d, daytime covers vexed foster lid, and take off in the evening, in case of rainy weather whole day is not covered;
Transplant and the tissue-cultured seedling carrying substrates survived are moved into matrix seedbed after 30d and sunshade net is covered, sunshade is taken off after 2 weeks
Net.
4. seedbed management:Water management:Root water is poured on the day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, a water is poured every 2~3d later;Group
Training seedling will water in time after surviving, and seedbed should be seen wet;Fertilizer management:Expanding stage imposes 45% common NPK (N15-
P15-K15, total nutrient >=45%, Jurong Aurion specialization fertilizer Co., Ltd) 0.15kgm2;Routine Management:Triangle is taken on seedbed
Bamboo frame supplies shoot growth.
2 result of the tests
2.1 transplant
To explore after suitable tissue culture method for transplanting (table 1), training tissue culture seedling, seedbed is directly transplanted to, tissue culture during 30d
Shoot survival percent is 3.3% (processing 1), and survival rate is extremely low, thus it is speculated that Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling may be difficult root of hair and go out leaf;Then use instead
10g·L-1Transplanted again after IBA (chemical industry Co., Ltd., Factory of Taishan City) elder generations root dipping processing 10min, while by the tissue-cultured seedling after transplanting
It is 0 and 1.7% uniformly to spray the survival rate when the blade face, 30d with 15 times of leaf-protecting agents (Xiaokang Pesticide LLC, Anyang City)
(processing 2,3), survival rate is still extremely low, thus it is speculated that Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling is not only difficult root of hair and goes out leaf, may also with root growth shape
State and the more difficult rapid change for adapting to external environment are relevant;Found by test of many times, tissue-cultured seedling grow directly from seeds root ratio for move
Plant that survival rate influence is larger, ratio is higher, and survival rate is higher, thus further through repeatedly being adjusted to Medium Proportion, with reference to
Bottom illumination condition, finds and improves the higher tissue-cultured seedling cultural method of root ratio that grows directly from seeds, and transplants (special using local water conservation covering
Profit number:2015101825862), tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate can bring up to 71.4% (processing 4), but this operation is relatively complicated;
Therefore multiple exploratory experiment is carried out to method for transplanting again, finally transplanted using vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation method for transplanting, transplanting survival rate
Both 71.9% (processing 5) can have been reached, seedbed land used and seedbed management recruitment greatly save again before are largely simple
Chinese yam tissue culture transplantation of seedlings process is changed, has saved seedling cost, transplanted beneficial to Chinese yam tissue culture is seedling industrialized.
The transplanting survival rate of table 1
Processing | Transplant number | Survive number | Survival rate/% |
1 | 60 | 3 | 3.3 |
2 | 60 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 60 | 1 | 1.7 |
4 | 149 | 106 | 71.4 |
5 | 2466 | 1776 | 71.9 |
2.2 potato seed yield
Tissue culture potato seed to the method harvest of the present invention is counted (table 2), is obtained more than 100g potato seeds and is amounted to 19,50
~100g potato seeds amount to 555, and 20~30g potato seeds amount to 626, and 10~15g potato seeds amount to 930, and 5g or so potato seed is total to
Meter 520, more than 20g tissue culture potato seeds ratio is 45.3%.
The tissue culture potato seed of table 2 is classified
Type | More than 100g | 50~100g | 20~30g | 10~15g | 5g |
Potato seed | 19 | 555 | 626 | 930 | 520 |
The vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation method for transplanting of the present invention, simplifies Chinese yam tissue culture method for transplanting, can be achieved once to take off
(lid) 32 tissue-cultured seedling, are greatlyd save manually, and Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate brings up to more than 70%;Pass through 2 shiftings
Cultivating method, the tissue-cultured seedling survived is transplanted into seedbed again, has saved seedbed land used, while also saving seedbed management recruitment.Solution
The culture of " a kind of method that utilization Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling cultivates Chinese yam potato seed " of the patent No. of having determined 2015101525862 is grown directly from seeds offspring
The problem of covering the method for transplanting complex operation transplanted with local water conservation, take a lot of work, is transplanted to the survival rate in seedbed to 100%,
Fundamentally solve the numerous less efficient technical problem of expansion.
The present invention is transplanted by optimum period, and the supporting application of the measure such as seedbed precision management enables the tissue-cultured seedling shape survived
Into high-quality potato seed, wherein it is 45.3% to obtain more than 20g tissue culture potato seeds ratio.Solve the patent No. 2015101525862
" a kind of method that utilization Chinese yam tissue-cultured seedling cultivates Chinese yam potato seed " cultivate the problem of potato seed quality is relatively low, compare the patent No.
3 times of acquisition 5g above tissue culture potato seed Quality advances described in 2015101525862.
When understanding, to those skilled in the art, modifications and variations can be subject to according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the method that a kind of seedling industrialized transplanting of the Chinese yam tissue culture of improvement and potato seed are cultivated, it is characterised in that including:
Vexed foster box printing opacity water conservation is transplanted:It is 60~70d by cultivation cycle, 4~6cm of height of seedling tissue-cultured seedling after hardening treatment, is moved
Plant and be paved with matrix in vexed foster box, vexed foster box;Vexed foster box air-vent is opened after transplanting, sunshade net is covered;Transplant after 14d, daytime
Vexed foster lid is covered, take off in the evening, in case of rainy weather whole day is not covered;The tissue-cultured seedling carrying substrates survived are moved into matrix after 30d
Seedbed simultaneously covers sunshade net, and sunshade net is taken off after 2 weeks.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The hardening is:Cultivation cycle is 60~70d, and 4~6cm of height of seedling tissue-cultured seedling, whole bottle is moved on to and culturing room temperature difference 5
Outdoor within DEG C, in being placed under scattered light after 5~6d, opens bottle cap 1d.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The vexed foster box specification is, the long wide high 12cm of 28cm lids of 54cm, and 32 caves, vexed foster box single cave specification is that bottom footpath 3.8cm is high
Spend 6.2cm bores 5.9cm.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
You machines matter Han Liang≤50%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content in matrix, thickness 5.5cm-6.5cm, matrix are paved with the vexed foster box
≤ 2.5%;
The seedbed is:Seedbed uses sufficient organic fertilizer, ploughs deeply thin rake, and seedbed is dug into 5~7cm depth, the wide 1m in seedbed, by soil before transplanting
Smash and cover 4~5cm of Nutrition Soil, 4.5% effective cypermethrin of uniform sprinkling pours water standby around seedbed and seedbed;
Seedbed water management after transplanting:Root water is poured on the day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, a water is poured every 2~3d later;Tissue-cultured seedling
To be watered in time after surviving, seedbed should be seen wet;
Fertilizer management:Expanding stage imposes 45% common NPK 0.15kgm2;Triangle bamboo frame is taken on seedbed to give birth to for tendril
It is long.
5. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
You machines matter Han Liang≤50%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content in matrix, thickness 5.5cm-6.5cm, matrix are paved with the vexed foster box
≤ 2.5%;
The seedbed is:Seedbed uses sufficient organic fertilizer, ploughs deeply thin rake, and seedbed is dug into 5~7cm depth, the wide 1m in seedbed, by soil before transplanting
Smash and cover 4~5cm of Nutrition Soil, 4.5% effective cypermethrin of uniform sprinkling pours water standby around seedbed and seedbed;
Seedbed water management after transplanting:Root water is poured on the day of tissue culture transplantation of seedlings, a water is poured every 2~3d later;Tissue-cultured seedling
To be watered in time after surviving, seedbed should be seen wet;
Fertilizer management:Expanding stage imposes 45% common NPK 0.15kgm2;Triangle bamboo frame is taken on seedbed to give birth to for tendril
It is long.
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CN113100066A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-13 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Efficient transplanting method for litchi tissue culture seedlings |
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