CN104813933A - Method for culturing yam seed tuber by using yam tissue culture seedling - Google Patents
Method for culturing yam seed tuber by using yam tissue culture seedling Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 claims description 43
- 235000003416 Dioscorea oppositifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 43
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 235000006536 Dioscorea esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 244000281702 Dioscorea villosa Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001504766 Bovichtus Species 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing a yam seed tuber by using a yam tissue culture seedling, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The yam seedling root system tissue culture seedling is cultured through shading treatment at the bottom of a tissue culture bottle; the seedling root system tissue culture seedling is hardened and transplanted; local light transmission water saving coverage is combined with ventilation at a transplanting stage, so the yam tissue culture seedling can adapt to quick change of external environment after transplantation, and the transplantation survival rate reaches 71.4 percent; through a series of steps such as strict seedbed management, the finally obtained proportion of the tissue culture seed tuber of more than 5g is 46.3 percent. By using the tissue culture seedling for propagation of the yam seed tubers, industrialized production of the yam seed tuber propagation can be realized. The method has the characteristics of high propagation coefficient, high propagation speed and less viruses of the seed tubers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing Chinese yam plantlet in vitro to cultivate Chinese yam potato seed, belong to field of agricultural production technologies.
Background technology
Chinese yam (Dioscorea Opposita Thunb.), be Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea perennial herbaceous stem prehensile liane, all there is plantation various places, China north and south.Because it has higher nutritive value and medical value, be medicinal material and the traditional export commodity in China tunnel, the states such as its product situation of selling well Southeast Asia and Japan.Chinese yam adopts stem tuber to breed usually, and reproduction coefficient is low, and production cost is high, and utilizes stem tuber breeding to make the continuous accumulation of virus cause kind of a sexual involution for a long time, has had a strong impact on the raising of Quality and yield.
Tissue cultures not only can improve reproduction coefficient, and utilizes detoxication and tissue culture technology effectively can keep Different Varieties, oil recovery enhancement, improves output.But test-tube plantlet exists domestication to be required strict, the problems such as transplanting survival rate is on the low side, potato seed output is on the low side.Especially under the general condition of culture of Chinese yam plantlet in vitro, generate aerial root more, to external world the adaptive capacity of environment and resistance poor, transplanting can cause seedling mortality, and therefore Chinese yam plantlet in vitro transplanting survival rate is the basic reason of restriction Chinese yam tissue culture expanding propagation application always.Matrix, except having the function of fixing crop root, the more important thing is and create the conditions such as good water, fertilizer, gas for root system.The impact of matrix species on Chinese yam plantlet in vitro transplanting survival rate of existing source investigation, as document 1: Tang Hong, Wu Jiali, Zhang Ling, Chen Zilin, different substrates is on the impact of oxtail Chinese yam plantlet in vitro potato block quality and growth, China's gardening digest, 2010, (9): 26-31.Also have part information to transplant Chinese yam plantlet in vitro to summarize, as document 2: Wang Guolian, Chen Ming, Sun Yudong, Zhong Xiujuan, the Shoot Tip Culture of Chinese yam rhizome and Fast-propagation, Jiangsu's agriculture science, 2003, (3): 77-78; Document 3: Zhou Yuling, Yu Huilin, Sun Fengling, Jiang Shuguang, Li Xinyu, Liu Guangqing, Zhang Fujuan, tissue cultures and the fast breeding technique of favour building Chinese yam are studied, Agriculture of Anhui science, 2009, (20): 9407-9408.
These are reported as Chinese yam plantlet in vitro transplantation technique and have established certain basis, but how Chinese yam plantlet in vitro is transplanted in time and can be obtained comparatively high-servival rate, how to carry out scientific management and then obtain a large amount of breeder's stock still do not have clear and definite defining after transplanting.This research from the root system of Chinese yam plantlet in vitro and after transplanting seedbed preparation, transplanting time, transplanting method, transplanting the measure such as seedbed management set about, fundamentally solve Chinese yam plantlet in vitro and transplant the problem difficult, survival rate is low, provide and cultivate with Chinese yam plantlet in vitro the effective ways that Chinese yam group cultivates potato.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is: the transplanting method increasing substantially Chinese yam group training transplant survival, utilizes Chinese yam plantlet in vitro to carry out potato seed seedbed and concentrate the technical method of breeding.
Technical scheme
For solving the problem, a kind of method utilizing Chinese yam plantlet in vitro to cultivate Chinese yam potato seed of the present invention, the technical scheme of employing is:
(1) offspring that grows directly from seeds is cultivated: utilize 1/2MS+6-BA0.1mgL
-1+ NAA2.0mgL
-1root media, adopts shading treatment bottom tissue culture bottle, to ensure bottom plantlet in vitro not irradiation, carries out culture of rootage to Chinese yam plantlet in vitro.Cultivation temperature (25 ± 2) DEG C, light application time 12hd
-1, cultivation cycle is 60 ~ 70d, namely obtains to grow directly from seeds root for main Chinese yam tissue cultured test-tube seedling;
(2) local water conservation cover transplant: the test-tube plantlet of step (1) grows to high 4 ~ 6 ㎝, grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15 time, after hardening process, be transplanted to matrix seedbed; After transplanting, be placed on by complete for plantlet in vitro acrial part clad on plantlet in vitro with light transmission container is outstanding gently, local water conservation carried out to plantlet in vitro and covers, seedbed covered with sunshade net; Transplant whole day in 3d to keep covering and sunshade; Transplant after 3d and take tissue culture bottle and sunshade net off in 5 points ~ the next morning 8 in the afternoon, again cover tissue culture bottle water conservation after 8 and sunshade net shelters from heat or light, repeat 1 time every 1d; Take tissue culture bottle off completely when transplanting 20d, after 60d, take sunshade net off completely.
Described local water conservation covers in transplanting method, and plantlet in vitro, after hardening process, is taken out of with tweezers by test-tube plantlet gently, is cleaned by root surface medium, plant in seedbed with clear water.
Described hardening is: test-tube plantlet grows to high 4 ~ 6 ㎝, and grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15, during the long 4 ~ 6cm of average root, whole bottle move on to culturing room temperature difference 5 DEG C within outdoor, place 5 ~ 6d under scattered light after, open bottle cap 1d.
Described seedbed is: seedbed uses sufficient fertilizer, ploughs deeply thin rake, 5 ~ 7cm degree of depth is dug in seedbed, the wide 1m in seedbed, smashed by soil and cover Nutrition Soil 4 ~ 5cm before transplanting, and evenly sprays 4.5% beta-cypermethrin around seedbed and seedbed, waters sufficient water for subsequent use; Seedbed water management after transfer: plantlet in vitro is transplanted and will be watered normal root water the same day, waters a water every 2 ~ 3d later; Will water in time after plantlet in vitro survives, seedbed should be seen wet; Fertilizer management: expanding stage imposes 45% common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 0.15kgm
2; Seedbed is taken and draws a bow for shoot growth.
Beneficial effect
1) the present invention cultivates the root that grows directly from seeds is main Chinese yam plantlet in vitro, being conducive to absorption and Fa Xingen that Chinese yam plantlet in vitro transplants rear nutriment, laying the foundation for improving transplanting survival rate.
(2) the present invention local water conservation covers transplanting method, utilize the transparent water conservation container of suitable size to carry out local water conservation to cover, in conjunction with the administrative skill practicing seedling, sunshade and progressive adaptation, coordinate the environmental conditions such as the aqueous vapor relation of Chinese yam plantlet in vitro root of hair and maintenance blade, Chinese yam plantlet in vitro adapts to huge environmental change gradually, makes Chinese yam plantlet in vitro transplanting survival rate bring up to more than 70%.
(3) the supporting application of the measures such as the present invention was transplanted by optimum period, seedbed precision management, enables the plantlet in vitro survived form larger potato seed.By transplanting and precision management in good time, guarantee that the plantlet in vitro after transplant survival forms the Chinese yam stem tuber meeting potato seed and require then.It is 46.3% that acquisition more than 5g group cultivates potato ratio.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 yam test tube seedling rooting type: A: aerial root; B: grow directly from seeds root, and root is long; C: grow directly from seeds root, and root is short
Fig. 2 yam test tube transplantation of seedlings: A: aerial root type group training transplantation of seedlings; B: the long plantlet in vitro of the root that grows directly from seeds is transplanted; C: the short plantlet in vitro of the root that grows directly from seeds is transplanted
The group of Fig. 3 results cultivates potato
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by based on " one utilizes Chinese yam plantlet in vitro to cultivate potato seed method ".
1 materials and methods
1.1 materials: the purple yam test tube seedling in Taizhou
1.2 experimental working technique
1. plantlet in vitro culture of rootage: root media is 1/2MS+6-BA0.1mgL
-1+ NAA2.0mgL
-1, autoclave sterilization.By Taizhou of band more than 1 or 1 leaf purple yam test tube seedling (Han Xiaoyong, Yan Ruixia, Yin Jianmei, Zhang Peitong, Guo Wenqi, Li Chunhong, Taizhou purple Chinese yam tissue culture quick breeding technical research, Zhejiang Agriculture journal, 2014,26 (2): 344-347) stem section cuts, and proceeds to root media and cultivates, medium agar concentration 6.5gL
-1, sucrose 30gL
-1, pH value 5.8, cultivation temperature (25 ± 2) DEG C, light application time 12hd
-1.To adopt bottom plantlet in vitro not irradiation, plantlet in vitro bottom light is according to being about 600lx, and plantlet in vitro bottom light is cultivated according to for 2500lx tri-kinds of training methods, and cultivation cycle is 60 ~ 70d.
2. hardening: test-tube plantlet grows to high 4 ~ 6 ㎝, grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15, during the long 4 ~ 6cm of average root, whole bottle move on to culturing room temperature difference 5 DEG C within outdoor, under scattered light, place 5 ~ 6d, open bottle cap 1d.
3. seedbed prepares: seedbed uses sufficient fertilizer (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=7%, organic>=30%, Nanjing Changhong fertilizer company) 1.5kgm
2plough deeply thin rake, before transplanting, a spade degree of depth soil (5 ~ 7cm) is dug in seedbed, the wide 1m in seedbed, smashes soil and covers Nutrition Soil (organic culture substrate, You machine matter Han Liang≤50% in matrix, nitrogen, phosphorus, Jia Han Liang≤2.5%, Zhenjiang Xing Nong fertilizer Co., Ltd) 4 ~ 5cm, evenly sprays 4.5% beta-cypermethrin around seedbed and seedbed, waters sufficient water for subsequent use.
4. local water conservation covers transplanting method: Chinese yam plantlet in vitro should in May 20 (southern area of Jiangsu Province) front transplanting.Treat that plantlet in vitro grows to high 4 ~ 6 ㎝, grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15, during average root length 4 ~ 6cm, after hardening process, is transplanted to matrix seedbed.
Local water conservation covers transplanting method: after training tissue culture seedling, taken out of gently by plantlet in vitro with tweezers, accomplish not injure root system as far as possible, with clear water, root surface medium is cleaned, plant in preprepared seedbed, transplant and watered normal root water the same day, water a water every 2 ~ 3d later.
After transplanting, maybe can be placed on above plantlet in vitro by outstanding gently for the light transmission container of complete for plantlet in vitro acrial part clad with tissue culture bottle, local water conservation be carried out to plantlet in vitro and covers, seedbed covered with sunshade net;
Transplant whole day in 3d to keep covering and sunshade;
Take off in after 3d 5 points ~ the next morning 8 in the afternoon and cover light transmission container and sunshade net, again cover light transmission container water conservation after 8 and covered with sunshade net shelters from heat or light, repeat 1 time every 1d;
Take light transmission container off completely when transplanting 20d, after 60d, take sunshade net off completely.
5. seedbed management: water management: plantlet in vitro is transplanted and will be watered normal root water the same day, waters a water every 2 ~ 3d later; Will water in time after plantlet in vitro survives, seedbed should be seen wet; Fertilizer management: expanding stage imposes 45% common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (N15-P15-K15, total nutrient>=45%, the fertile Co., Ltd of Jurong Aurion specialization) 0.15kgm
2; Routine Management: seedbed is taken and draws a bow for shoot growth.
2, result of the test
2.1 plantlet in vitro culture of rootage
As can be seen from Table 1, bottom light shines intensity effect to test-tube plantlet aerial root rate.Bottom not irradiation, test-tube plantlet aerial root rate is minimum, and be 5.4%, root system is mainly the root that grows directly from seeds.This may be due to not irradiation bottom test-tube plantlet, can simulating plant grown in field environment, thus reduces the generation of aerial root.
The different training method of table 1 is on the impact of plantlet in vitro aerial root rate
Training method | Aerial root rate (%) |
Bottom not irradiation | 5.4 |
Bottom light is according to about 600lx | 44.4 |
Bottom light is according to being 2500lx | 93.2 |
2.2 transplant
Be divided three classes by Chinese yam plantlet in vitro before transplanting: type I: height of seedling 4 ~ 6 ㎝, root system is aerial root (aerial root rate more than 90%) mainly; Type II: height of seedling 4 ~ 6 ㎝, root system mainly grows directly from seeds root (aerial root rate is lower than 10%), and grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15, the long 4 ~ 6cm of average root; Type III: height of seedling 4 ~ 6 ㎝, root system mainly grows directly from seeds root (aerial root rate is lower than 10%), the long 2 ~ 3cm of average root.
Three class plantlet in vitro are carried out local water conservation by the inventive method and covers transplanting, result shows (table 2): after transplanting 30d, type I, II, III test-tube plantlet survival rate is respectively 43.6%, 71.4% and 68.2%, this root that shows to grow directly from seeds is that main Chinese yam plantlet in vitro transplanting survival rate is high, and real root length is more long more strong, survival rate is higher.And do not take the type I test-tube plantlet survival rate of local water conservation Mulching treatment to be only 3.3%, illustrating that local of the present invention water conservation covers transplantation technique is the main factor determining Chinese yam plantlet in vitro survival rate, and plantlet in vitro root system whether be the survival rate of root to plantlet in vitro of growing directly from seeds also have a significant effect.
Table 2 transplanting method is on the impact of plantlet in vitro survival rate
2.3 potato seed output
To method test community of the present invention (plantlet in vitro type II: height of seedling 4 ~ 6 ㎝, root system mainly grows directly from seeds root, aerial root rate is lower than 15%, grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15, long 4 ~ the 6cm of average root) group gathered in the crops cultivates potato and carries out adding up (table 3), transplant survival plantlet in vitro 106 strain, results potato seed 122.Classification is carried out in potato seed: I grade (more than 5g), II grade (1 ~ 5g), III grade (below 1g), wherein acquisition more than 5g group cultivates potato ratio is 46.3% (table 1).
Table 3 group cultivates potato classification
I grade of potato seed ratio/% | II grade of potato seed ratio/% | III grade of potato seed ratio/% |
46.3 | 31.7 | 22 |
When understanding, to those skilled in the art, can be improved according to the above description and convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. utilize Chinese yam plantlet in vitro to cultivate a method for Chinese yam potato seed, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) offspring that grows directly from seeds is cultivated: utilize 1/2MS+6-BA0.1mgL
-1+ NAA2.0mgL
-1root media, adopts shading treatment bottom tissue culture bottle, to ensure bottom plantlet in vitro not irradiation, carries out culture of rootage to Chinese yam plantlet in vitro.Cultivation temperature (25 ± 2) DEG C, light application time 12hd
-1, cultivation cycle is 60 ~ 70d, namely obtains to grow directly from seeds root for main Chinese yam tissue cultured test-tube seedling;
(2) local water conservation cover transplant: the test-tube plantlet of step (1) grows to height of seedling 4 ~ 6 ㎝, grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15 time, after hardening process, be transplanted to matrix seedbed; After transplanting, be placed on by complete for plantlet in vitro acrial part clad on plantlet in vitro with light transmission container is outstanding gently, local water conservation carried out to plantlet in vitro and covers, seedbed covered with sunshade net; Transplant whole day in 3d to keep covering and sunshade; Transplant after 3d and take tissue culture bottle and sunshade net off in 5 points ~ the next morning 8 in the afternoon, again cover tissue culture bottle water conservation after 8 and sunshade net shelters from heat or light, repeat 1 time every 1d; Take tissue culture bottle off completely when transplanting 20d, after 60d, take sunshade net off completely.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described local water conservation covers in transplanting method, and plantlet in vitro, after hardening process, is taken out of with tweezers by test-tube plantlet gently, is cleaned by root surface medium, plant in seedbed with clear water.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described hardening is: test-tube plantlet grows to high 4 ~ 6 ㎝, and grow directly from seeds root 10 ~ 15, during the long 4 ~ 6cm of average root, whole bottle move on to culturing room temperature difference 5 DEG C within outdoor, place 5 ~ 6d under scattered light after, open bottle cap 1d.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described seedbed is: seedbed uses sufficient fertilizer, ploughs deeply thin rake, 5 ~ 7cm degree of depth is dug in seedbed, the wide 1m in seedbed, smashed by soil and cover Nutrition Soil 4 ~ 5cm before transplanting, and evenly sprays 4.5% beta-cypermethrin around seedbed and seedbed, waters sufficient water for subsequent use;
Seedbed water management after transfer: plantlet in vitro is transplanted and will be watered normal root water the same day, waters a water every 2 ~ 3d later; Will water in time after plantlet in vitro survives, seedbed should be seen wet; Fertilizer management: expanding stage imposes 45% common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 0.15kgm
2; Seedbed is taken and draws a bow for shoot growth.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described seedbed is: seedbed uses sufficient fertilizer, ploughs deeply thin rake, 5 ~ 7cm degree of depth is dug in seedbed, the wide 1m in seedbed, smashed by soil and cover Nutrition Soil 4 ~ 5cm before transplanting, and evenly sprays 4.5% beta-cypermethrin around seedbed and seedbed, waters sufficient water for subsequent use; Seedbed water management after transfer: plantlet in vitro is transplanted and will be watered normal root water the same day, waters a water every 2 ~ 3d later; Will water in time after plantlet in vitro survives, seedbed should be seen wet; Fertilizer management: expanding stage imposes 45% common Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 0.15kgm
2; Seedbed is taken and draws a bow for shoot growth.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105519335A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-04-27 | 常熟市辛庄镇双浜农地股份合作社 | High-yielding cultivation method for Chinese yams |
CN107155843A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that the seedling industrialized transplanting of Chinese yam tissue culture and potato seed of improvement are cultivated |
CN111280037A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Water culture propagation and seed potato preservation method for ginseng and potato Chinese yams |
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2015
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105519335A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-04-27 | 常熟市辛庄镇双浜农地股份合作社 | High-yielding cultivation method for Chinese yams |
CN107155843A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that the seedling industrialized transplanting of Chinese yam tissue culture and potato seed of improvement are cultivated |
CN107155843B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2020-05-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Improved method for industrially transplanting tissue culture seedlings of Chinese yams and cultivating potato seeds |
CN111280037A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Water culture propagation and seed potato preservation method for ginseng and potato Chinese yams |
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