CN107151260B - 一种抗肿瘤活性化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗肿瘤活性化合物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107151260B
CN107151260B CN201710524848.8A CN201710524848A CN107151260B CN 107151260 B CN107151260 B CN 107151260B CN 201710524848 A CN201710524848 A CN 201710524848A CN 107151260 B CN107151260 B CN 107151260B
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李法辉
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Daohe Weifang Pharmaceutical Technology Co ltd
Shandong Daohe Pharmaceutical Co ltd
Weifang Hongnuo Hetai New Material Science And Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种抗肿瘤活性化合物的制备方法,属于药物化学领域。本发明以商品化的全乙酰化的葡萄糖为起始原料,以二氯甲烷为溶剂,在三氟化硼乙醚催化作用下,与3,4‑二甲氧基苯酚反应形成葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,接着在甲醇钠的碱性条件下脱除乙酰基,与全苄基保护的无水没食子酸制得的苯甲酰氯进行区域选择性的化学反应,得到关键的糖基中间体,最后经钯碳还原脱除苄基保护,以简洁高效的4步反应,高产率地形成糖苷类天然产物1,制备的该种糖苷类天然产物具有很好的肿瘤细胞毒活性。

Description

一种抗肿瘤活性化合物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一种抗肿瘤活性化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
糖类化合物与氨基酸、萜类等是构建手性化合物的天然手性原料,广泛应用于许多天然活性手性化合物的合成或催化剂及手性助剂的制备。含有D-葡萄糖片段的活性天然产物在自然界中分布广泛,此类化合物在生物学及药学方面具有重要的意义,但是用于合成此类化合物的原料D-葡萄糖,现有的合成方法比较复杂,从而导致商业化价格较高。因此研究一种糖苷类天然产物的制备及其在活性天然产物方面的应用,具有重要的应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种糖苷类天然产物的制备方法,它可以作为手性原料用于其它活性优异化合物的合成或进行含有D-葡萄糖片段的天然产物的合成。
本发明以便宜易得的D-葡萄糖为起始原料,以简洁高效的5步反应,高产率的形成下述结构的糖苷类天然产物1:
Figure BDA0001338327170000011
上述结构1的一种糖苷类天然产物通过下述方法制备,
(1)称取35.0-40.0g全乙酰化保护的葡萄糖、3-5g三乙胺、20.0-23.0g 3,4-二甲氧基苯酚,依次加入200-300mL二氯甲烷中,0℃条件下,分批加入50-60g催化剂。自然升至室温反应9小时,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和食盐水洗涤,过滤,浓缩,用无水甲醇重结晶得白色固体化合物,得到葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体;
(2)称取5.0-10g步骤(1)中得到的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,溶解于140-280mL干燥的甲醇中,加入25﹪的甲醇钠溶液1-2mL,加热至25℃,反应1.5小时,加入阳离子交换树脂,至反应液PH值6,搅拌1小时,过滤,减压浓缩滤液,即可得到脱除乙酰基保护的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,所得产物用甲醇、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷重结晶;
(3)称取2.0-3.0g步骤(2)中得到的除乙酰基保护的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体溶解于280-350mL无水吡啶中,低温条件下分批加入羟基全苄基保护的无水没食子酸制得的苯甲酰氯2.9-4.5g,加热升至35℃反应12小时,加入甲醇终止反应,减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析得到糖基伯羟基位取代的中间体,所述层析溶剂为二氯甲烷和甲醇,二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:1-80:1;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到糖基伯羟基位取代的中间体溶解于150-200mL乙酸乙酯:甲醇=2:1的混合溶液中,加入还原剂,25℃条件下反应10小时,减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析得到该种糖苷类天然产物1,所述层析溶剂为二氯甲烷和甲醇,二氯甲烷:甲醇=25:1。
优选的,所述的催化剂为三氟化硼乙醚硅胶.。
优选的,所述的催化剂的当量数为0.5~3。
优选的,低温条件为:-10℃到-40℃
优选的,所述的还原剂为:20%Pd-C。
本发明制得的一种糖苷类天然产物1还可用于制备其它活性优异化合物。
本发明的一种糖苷类天然产物的合成路线,制备方法简单,反应条件易于控制,收率高,分离简便,可作为最初原料用于其它活性优异化合物的合成。
具体实施方式
本发明的一种糖苷类天然产物1的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
Figure BDA0001338327170000021
(1)称取步骤(1)中得到的羟基乙酰化保护的葡萄糖中间体(35g,89.7mmol),三乙胺(4.75g,46.9mmol)、3,4-二甲氧基苯酚(20g,129.7mmol),依次加入二氯甲烷(250mL)中,0℃条件下,分批加入三氟化硼乙醚硅胶(50g),然后自然升至室温反应9小时;然后有机相依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和食盐水洗涤,过滤,浓缩,用无水甲醇重结晶,得到40.95g葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,产率94.3%。
(2)称取步骤(1)中得到的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体(5.0g,10.3mmol),溶解于干燥的甲醇(140mL)中,加入25﹪的甲醇钠(1mL),加热至25℃,反应1.5小时,加入阳离子交换树脂调节PH值至6,搅拌1小时,过滤,减压浓缩滤液,得到的固体用甲醇、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷重结晶,即可得到3.05g脱除乙酰基保护的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,产率93.8%。
(3)称取步骤(2)中得到的脱除乙酰基保护的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体(2.0g,6.3mmol)溶解于无水吡啶(280mL)中,-15℃条件下分批加入自制的羟基全苄基保护的无水没食子酸制得的苯甲酰氯(2.9g,6.3mmol),加热升至室温反应12小时,加入甲醇终止反应,减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:1-80:1)得到4.47g糖基伯羟基位取代的中间体,产率96.1%。
(4)将步骤(3)中得到糖基伯羟基位取代的中间体(2.2g,3mmol)溶解于乙酸乙酯:甲醇=2:3的混合溶液(150m)L中,加入20﹪的Pd/C(370mg),25℃条件下反应10小时,减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=25:1)得到该种糖苷类天然产物1的白色固体1.28g,产率91.3%。

Claims (1)

1.一种糖苷类天然产物1的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括下述步骤:
Figure FDA0002509010040000011
(1)称取羟基乙酰化保护的葡萄糖中间体35g、即89.7mmol,三乙胺4.75g、即46.9mmol,3,4-二甲氧基苯酚20g、即129.7mmol,依次加入二氯甲烷250mL中,0℃条件下,分批加入三氟化硼乙醚硅胶50g,然后自然升至室温反应9小时;然后有机相依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和食盐水洗涤,过滤,浓缩,用无水甲醇重结晶,得到40.95g葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,产率94.3%;
(2)称取步骤1中得到的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体5.0g,10.3mmol,溶解于干燥的甲醇140mL中,加入25%的甲醇钠1mL,加热至25℃,反应1.5小时,加入阳离子交换树脂调节pH值至6,搅拌1小时,过滤,减压浓缩滤液,得到的固体用甲醇、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷重结晶,即可得到3.05g脱除乙酰基保护的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体,产率93.8%;
(3)称取步骤2中得到的脱除乙酰基保护的葡萄糖异头碳位置取代的糖苷中间体2.0g、即6.3mmol溶解于无水吡啶280mL中,-15℃条件下分批加入自制的羟基全苄基保护的无水没食子酸制得的苯甲酰氯2.9g、即6.3mmol,加热升至室温反应12小时,加入甲醇终止反应,减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析,二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:1~80:1,得到4.47g糖基伯羟基位取代的中间体,产率96.1%;
(4)将步骤3中得到糖基伯羟基位取代的中间体2.2g、即3mmol溶解于乙酸乙酯:甲醇=2:3的混合溶液150mL中,加入20%的Pd/C 370mg,25℃条件下反应10小时,减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析,二氯甲烷:甲醇=25:1,得到该种糖苷类天然产物1的白色固体1.28g,产率91.3%。
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