CN107135881A - A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method - Google Patents

A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107135881A
CN107135881A CN201710390126.8A CN201710390126A CN107135881A CN 107135881 A CN107135881 A CN 107135881A CN 201710390126 A CN201710390126 A CN 201710390126A CN 107135881 A CN107135881 A CN 107135881A
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China
Prior art keywords
bud
year
buds
shoot
leading shoot
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Inventor
周余华
巫建新
钱枫
王红梅
裴新国
席映雪
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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Priority to CN201710390126.8A priority Critical patent/CN107135881A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses flowering dogwood Qiaoization method, and the bud in summer last year is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by annual spring;The plant taken over to bud is when First Year after connecing sends out sprouting, and sprouting has 2 ~ 4, and by the bud of fractionation 1,2 buds, 3 buds, 4 buds, the annual increment that leading shoot is determined respectively is compared;Before Second Year germination, stay number of branch point stay, remove entirely entirely on leading shoot, respectively stay 1/2,1/3,1/4 totally 5 processing, the end of the year determines the annual height of leading shoot;When leading shoot germinates, had on the periphery of main bud while 4 lateral buds are grown, to the bud of processing fractionation 1 of these lateral buds, 2 buds, 3 buds, 4 buds, complete except 5 are handled, the increment of end of the year measure leading shoot;Before branch stops growing, newborn lateral bud number going or staying quantity presses A1 then:1 bud, A2 are stayed every 1 section:1 bud, A3 are stayed every 2 sections:1 bud, A4 are stayed every 3 sections:1 bud, A5 are stayed every 4 sections:Entirely except totally 5 processing, the year increment of leading shoot is determined.

Description

A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, and in particular to a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method.
Background technology
Flowering dogwood (Cornus Florida L.) is also known as great Hua Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, and illustrious name is Dogwood.For Shan Zhu Sou section defoliation small arbor, originates in eastern North America, high up to 10m, diameter is up to 30cm.Leaf is avette, to life;Spend two Property, pintongs is small, umbel, and bract is circular, and there is obvious indenture on top.Flowering dogwood four seasons scenery is had nothing in common with each other, spring petal Shape bract is bloomed, and the splendid blade of summer and autumn colored has the berry of salmon pink after spending, and is that the landscape plant and oil plant of top grade are planted Thing, wide market, China is still in and introduces a fine variety the stage.
Change is occurred in that after introducing a fine variety in various regions, is originally arbor character in North America, but is introduced into after China, is gone out in various regions Existing shrub character, Seedling height is stagnated substantially, and each branching-point leading shoot increment is much smaller than the increment of lateral bud, hanks bush Shape is more and more obvious, and interior lose grows tall for many years, and this situation is had outstanding performance in various regions.
Such case is mainly introduce a fine variety after, due to the change of weather, make the growing point apical dominance of plant by very great Cheng The weakening of degree, causes growth of the growth more than leading shoot of lateral bud, so as to cause growthing lag.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method.
Technical scheme:In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:The invention provides one kind Flowering dogwood Qiaoization method, comprises the following steps:
1) bud in summer last year is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by annual spring;
2) plant taken over to bud is when First Year after connecing sends out sprouting, and sprouting has 2~4, passes through the bud of fractionation 1,2 buds, 3 Bud, 4 buds, the annual increment that leading shoot is determined respectively are compared;
3) before Second Year germination, stay number of branch point stay, remove entirely entirely on leading shoot, respectively stay 1/2,1/3,1/4 totally 5 processing, The end of the year determines the annual height of leading shoot;
4) when leading shoot germinates, had on the periphery of main bud while 4 lateral buds are grown, to the processing fractionation 1 of these lateral buds Bud, 2 buds, 3 buds, 4 buds, complete except 5 are handled, the increment of end of the year measure leading shoot;
5) before branch stops growing, newborn lateral bud number going or staying quantity presses A1 then:1 bud, A2 are stayed every 1 section:Every 2 sections Stay 1 bud, A3:1 bud, A4 are stayed every 3 sections:1 bud, A5 are stayed every 4 sections:Entirely except totally 5 processing, the year increment of leading shoot is determined;So far two It is year default dry to be basically completed;
6) branch is stayed in a certain way or spirally from the 3rd year, facilitate tree crown to be formed.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 2)~5) in lateral bud is sprayed by using plant growth regulator B9, concentration is 200~800mg/L, the growth for suppressing lateral bud promotes leading shoot Seedling height.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 1) it should not plant too deep, and require that plant should not deflection during plant.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 2) in the bud sent is stayed into a healthy and strong branch, remaining branch removes, in order to avoid scattered and excessive Nutrient.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 3) in repair all side shoots because side shoot consumption nutrient can have a strong impact on the life of leading shoot It is long.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 4) when leading shoot germinates, remove 4 lateral buds by leading shoot.This is flowering dogwood and other plants The different place of thing Germinating status, if 4 lateral buds are not removed, the growth of leading shoot will critical constraints, make the Seedling height of nursery stock Stop.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 5) in be using A5 processing mode, so far 2 years it is default it is dry be basically completed, enter within the 3rd year Support the hat stage.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 6) from the 3rd year, it might have side shoot, the going or staying of side shoot, according to the interval of branch, one As stay a branch with 3~5 sections, stay branch should be centered on major branch, spiral shape stays branch, such branch equal number, it is raw Length is well-balanced, and the Seedling height of plant can be effectively facilitated.
Beneficial effect:The present invention possesses following advantage relative to prior art:
1) present invention first by solve the problems, such as lateral bud grow it is too fast, more than leading shoot the problem of so as to solving shrubization; Bud connects rear First Year hair sprouting, removes thin and weak branch, leaves the branch of stalwartness, advantageously forms initial tree-like, is conducive to Obvious, upright, the strong arbor of formation trunk is tree-like, and branch increment reaches as high as 81.2cm then;
2) the problem of nutrient in plant excessively disperses is solved, it is to avoid nutrient carries out secondary distribution, so that nutrient collection Middle supply leading shoot;Before Second Year germination, all side shoots are repaiied, in case the excessive nutrient of consumption, can make shoot length be averaged Value reaches 42.3cm.
3) present invention solves the problem of staying quantity:Stay a number excessive in tree body, but it is also unsuitable very few, so that Plant uniform growth.To, to autumn, staying the side shoot with upper side shoot different directions in growth course with 3~4 buds, ultimately forming ring Shape side shoot, is more uniformly distributed side shoot in tree body.
Embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.However, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that real Apply the content described by example and be merely to illustrate the present invention, without should be also without limitation on sheet described in detail in claims Invention.
A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method of embodiment 1
1) bud in summer last year is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by annual spring;It should not plant It is deep, and require that plant should not deflection during plant.
2) plant taken over to bud is when First Year after connecing sends out sprouting, and sprouting has 2~4, and the bud sent stays a stalwartness Branch, remaining branch removes, in order to avoid scattered and excessive nutrient;
3) before Second Year germination, side shoot is all repaiied on leading shoot, and the end of the year determines the annual height of leading shoot;
4) when leading shoot germinates, had on the periphery of main bud while grow 4 lateral buds, remove 4 lateral buds by leading shoot, year Bottom determines the increment of leading shoot;
5) before branch stops growing, newborn lateral bud is removed entirely then, determines the year increment of leading shoot;So far 2 years default It is dry to be basically completed;
6) tree crown is facilitated to be formed spirally to stay branch from the 3rd year.Spirally stay branch to be the interval according to branch, typically with 3~5 sections stay a branch, stay branch should be centered on major branch, spiral shape stays branch, such branch equal number grows even Claim, the Seedling height of plant can be effectively facilitated.
Shoot growth amount reaches as high as 83.8cm in the present embodiment;Shoot length average value reaches 42.5cm.
A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method of experimental example 2
1) bud in summer last year is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by annual spring;It should not plant It is deep, and require that plant should not deflection during plant.
2) plant taken over to bud is when First Year after connecing sends out sprouting, and sprouting has 2~4, and the bud sent stays 2 stalwartnesses Branch;
3) before Second Year germination, side shoot is all repaiied on leading shoot, and the end of the year determines the annual height of leading shoot;
4) when leading shoot germinates, had on the periphery of main bud while grow 4 lateral buds, remove 4 lateral buds by leading shoot, year Bottom determines the increment of leading shoot;
5) before branch stops growing, when then, newborn lateral bud number going or staying quantity presses A1:1 bud is stayed every 1 section, leading shoot is determined Year increment;The B9 using 600mg/L is sprayed to lateral bud, lateral bud will be all removed as control, determines the Nian Gaosheng of leading shoot Long amount.So far 2 years default dry to be basically completed;
6) tree crown is facilitated to be formed spirally to stay branch from the 3rd year.Spirally stay branch to be the interval according to branch, typically with 3~5 sections stay a branch, stay branch should be centered on major branch, spiral shape stays branch, such branch equal number grows even Claim, the Seedling height of plant can be effectively facilitated.
Shoot growth amount reaches as high as 82.8cm in the present embodiment;Shoot length average value reaches 41.5cm.
A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method of embodiment 3
1) bud in summer last year is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by annual spring;It should not plant It is deep, and require that plant should not deflection during plant.
2) plant taken over to bud is when First Year after connecing sends out sprouting, and sprouting has 2~4, and the bud sent stays 4 buds;
3) before Second Year germination, side shoot is stayed entirely on leading shoot, and the end of the year determines the annual height of leading shoot;
4) when leading shoot germinates, had on the periphery of main bud while grow 4 lateral buds, lateral bud is sprayed and uses 200mg/L B9, the end of the year determine leading shoot increment;
5) before branch stops growing, newborn lateral bud number going or staying quantity presses A1 then:1 bud is stayed every 1 section, lateral bud is sprayed Using 400mg/L B9, the year increment of leading shoot is determined;So far 2 years default dry to be basically completed;
6) tree crown is facilitated to be formed spirally to stay branch from the 3rd year.Spirally stay branch to be the interval according to branch, typically with 3~5 sections stay a branch, stay branch should be centered on major branch, spiral shape stays branch, such branch equal number grows even Claim, the Seedling height of plant can be effectively facilitated.
Shoot growth amount reaches as high as 65.8cm in the present embodiment;Shoot length average value reaches 38.5cm.
Experimental example
1st, material and method
1.1 material
Summer bud in 2014 is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by 2 months spring in 2015.Continued by 2016 into Row correlative study.
1.2 method
The tree-like cultivation of flowering dogwood is envisioned with two stages, and first stage is the surely dry stage, is connected into from bud two after living In year, appropriate going or staying is carried out to sent out main bud and lateral bud, the Seedling height of leading shoot is ensured in an optimal manner, this stage may Needed for two years;Second stage, which enters, supports the hat stage, by reasonably staying a measure to determine to stay a mode, so that balanced tree Body.
1.2.1 the branch length of hair tonic then is determined
When bud connects the germination of rear First Year, sprouting is up to 2~4, if all left, certainly will be to the growth effect of leading shoot very Greatly, so bud quantity is stayed in research, the bud of fractionation 1,2 buds, 3 buds, 4 buds determine the annual increment of leading shoot.
1.2.2 bud connects and stays influence of the number of branch to the growth of leading shoot on rear Second Year branch
Connect and stay number of branch point stay, remove entirely entirely on rear Second Year leading shoot, respectively stay 1/2,1/3,1/4 totally 5 processing, the end of the year determines The annual height of leading shoot.
1.2.3 connect rear Second Year and stay influence of the bud number to year increment
When connecing rear Second Year sprouting sprouting, had on the periphery of main bud while growing 4 lateral buds, the processing to these lateral buds The bud of fractionation 1,2 buds, 3 buds, 4 buds, complete except 5 are handled, the increment of end of the year measure leading shoot.
1.2.4 then lateral bud quantity and influence of the raw mode to leading shoot increment
Rear Second Year is connect, newborn lateral bud number going or staying quantity presses A1 then:1 bud, A2 are stayed every 1 section:1 bud, A3 are stayed every 2 sections:Every 3 sections stay 1 bud, A4:1 bud, A5 are stayed every 4 sections:It is complete to remove 5 processing, the year increment of leading shoot.
1.2.5 the influence that B9 grows to leading shoot is sprayed to lateral bud
Lateral bud is sprayed using 200,400,600,800mg/L B9, be used as control by lateral buds are all removed, and determine leading shoot Year height increament.
2 results and analysis
2.1 determine leading shoot length then
In general, when bud connects rear First Year sprouting and grown, 2~4 buds are had while sprouting, can from table 1 Go out, stay a bud, leading shoot increment then is 80.2cm, be also slightly that highest reaches 0.81cm, branch is sturdy, dry-shaped straight. And 4 buds are stayed, the increment only 20.8cm of most long branch, slightly only 0.34cm, and sprig is intensive, tree body trunk is unintelligible, so Best mode is to stay a bud, is conducive to the formation of leading shoot.
Table 1 stays influence of the bud number to leading shoot increment then
2.2 buds stay influence of the number of branch to the growth of leading shoot before connecing the upper young sprout germination of rear Second Year branch
The side shoot on flowering dogwood leading shoot is trimmed before germination, stays the quantity of side shoot significant to being grown in for leading shoot Influence, removes some side shoots, and more nutrient supply leading shoots can be concentrated to grow, from table 2 it can be seen that side shoot is stayed entirely, then leading shoot Year increment only 16.4cm, be minimum.Side shoot is all removed, then leading shoot year increment reaches 50.3cm, and trunk is substantially, form Logical straight, this trim mode is the trimming measure optimal to side shoot.
Table 2 stays the relation of number of branch and leading shoot increment
2.3, which connect rear Second Year sprouting, stays influence of the bud number to year increment
Sprouting on the Second Year after connecing, leading shoot can send most 5 bud points, and the upgrowth situations of this 5 buds can be with Obvious change occurs for the change of time, increment, so as to have influence on the requirement of trimming.
2.3.1 the increment change of main bud and lateral bud
5 buds are sent on the Second Year after connecing, main bud, that is, hit exactly a main bud, there are 4 lateral buds, the life of this 5 buds in periphery The change of long amount discloses most the underlying cause that flowering dogwood arbor becomes shrub, and result in flowering dogwood in original producton location is Qiao Wood, and become the morphologic change characteristic of shrub after introducing.
2nd year sprouting sprouting situation after table 3 connects
From table 3 it is observed that 10d after germination, the length of leading shoot is still more longer than other lateral buds, but to 30d When, all lateral buds have exceeded the increment of leading shoot, longer than leading shoot at least 2.6cm, during to 50d, most long side shoot ratio Leading shoot length 7.9cm.Indicate leading shoot apical dominance oneself through being weakened, therefore maintain the growth potential of leading shoot, reduction side shoot Strong position, is that flowering dogwood fills the technical rootstocks for becoming tall most critical.
2.3.2 influence of the going or staying of lateral bud to leading shoot increment
Influence of the removal of lateral bud to the year increment of leading shoot is larger, as seen from Table 4, and lateral bud is removed entirely, can make leading shoot Growth reaches 98.2cm, and leaves entirely, then leading shoot increment only 21.7cm, and the increment of side shoot is than more than the increment of leading shoot 11.9cm.So the lateral bud on periphery can seriously inhibit the growth of leading shoot, therefore when germinateing in spring, to removing lateral bud, it is ensured that The vigorous growth of leading shoot.
The influence that table 4 stays bud (branch) several to leading shoot growth
2.4 then lateral bud quantity and influence of the raw mode to leading shoot increment
2.4.1 influence of the side shoot quantity to leading shoot increment is stayed then
According to the requirement of design, stayed branch is carried out on request, because flowering dogwood growth joint number typically exists in 1 year 12 pairs or so, seldom, the branch that A1 leaves is more for the branch that A5 substantially leaves, so leading shoot increment is also different, A5 Increment maximum reaches 83.2cm, the minimum 57.1cm of A1.A5 to the formation of trunk advantageously.
Influence of the different disposal of table 5 to leading shoot year increment
2.4.2 the influence that B9 grows to leading shoot is sprayed to lateral bud
As can be seen from Table 6, B is sprayed to lateral bud9It is the most favourable to the Seedling height of leading shoot with 600mg/L, at 200mg/L Reason, the facilitation to Seedling height is not obvious, and it is very nearly the same to compare the effect for handling lateral bud with B9 with 600mg/L.So spray Apply B9600mg/L is obvious to the treatment effect of lateral bud.
The lateral bud of table 6 sprays the influence that B9 grows to leading shoot
2.4.3 a mode is stayed to tree-like influence
Into the 3rd year foster hat stage, this period main purpose was to allow flowering dogwood formation tree crown, thus stay how many branch, How to stay, be main cultivation content.Stay using two kinds of processing in a mode, a kind of is the spy according to flowering dogwood to sprouting Property, by the way of staying to raw branch, one is to stay a mode using spiral shape, from the point of view of tree-like, and spiral shape stays branch to the branches of seeds Leaf raw than more uniform, and opposite leaf stays formation of a mode to tree crown irregular, it is tree-like unsightly.
In summary, flowering dogwood arbor character is showed, it is to avoid shrub character occur and pass through appropriate trimming Management can accomplish that specific method is exactly:Bud is connected into the bud that First Year is sprouted after work and stays a healthy and strong bud, forms master The tip, Second Year is all trimmed before germination to the side shoot on leading shoot, and when just germinateing, removes the lateral bud on main bud periphery, or B is sprayed to lateral bud9600mg/L, promotes further growing up to for leading shoot.Just it can reach by such management Second Year trunk height More than 1.5m, then repaiies below 1.5m side shoot, forms certain clear bole height, 2 years default dry stages is completed, into the 3rd Year to more than 1.5m side shoot in the way of staying side shoot every 5 bud spiral shapes, so as to form rational tree crown.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1)The bud in summer last year is connected into flowering dogwood living and is transplanted to beautiful plant in bag by annual spring;
2)The plant taken over to bud is when First Year after connecing sends out sprouting, and sprouting has 2 ~ 4, by the bud of fractionation 1,2 buds, 3 buds, 4 buds, The annual increment for determining leading shoot respectively is compared;
3)Before Second Year germination, stay number of branch point stay, remove entirely entirely on leading shoot, respectively stay 1/2,1/3,1/4 totally 5 processing, the end of the year Determine the annual height of leading shoot;
4)When leading shoot germinates, had on the periphery of main bud while grow 4 lateral buds, the bud of processing fractionation 1 to these lateral buds, 2 Bud, 3 buds, 4 buds, complete except 5 are handled, the increment of end of the year measure leading shoot;
5)Before branch stops growing, newborn lateral bud number going or staying quantity presses A1 then:1 bud, A2 are stayed every 1 section:Every 2 section stay 1 bud, A3:1 bud, A4 are stayed every 3 sections:1 bud, A5 are stayed every 4 sections:Entirely except totally 5 processing, the year increment of leading shoot is determined;So far 2 years default It is dry to be basically completed;
6)Branch is stayed in a certain way or spirally from 3rd year, facilitates tree crown to be formed.
2. a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2)~5)In pass through Using plant growth regulator B9Lateral bud is sprayed, concentration is 200~800mg/L.
3. a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2)It is middle to send Bud stays a healthy and strong branch, and remaining branch removes.
4. a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 3)In repair and own Side shoot.
5. a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 4)In leading shoot germination When, remove 4 lateral buds by leading shoot.
6. a kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 5)Middle use A5's Processing mode, so far 2 years default dry to be basically completed.
CN201710390126.8A 2017-05-27 2017-05-27 A kind of flowering dogwood Qiaoization method Pending CN107135881A (en)

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CN108934724A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-07 江苏农林职业技术学院 A kind of flowering dogwood root-limiting cultivating method
CN109197334A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-15 江苏农林职业技术学院 A kind of flowering dogwood orientation trimming flower promoting method

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108934724A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-07 江苏农林职业技术学院 A kind of flowering dogwood root-limiting cultivating method
CN109197334A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-15 江苏农林职业技术学院 A kind of flowering dogwood orientation trimming flower promoting method

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