CN107114233A - A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing - Google Patents
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107114233A CN107114233A CN201710472112.0A CN201710472112A CN107114233A CN 107114233 A CN107114233 A CN 107114233A CN 201710472112 A CN201710472112 A CN 201710472112A CN 107114233 A CN107114233 A CN 107114233A
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- morello
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to hybridization technique field, the method of especially a kind of morello and black skin cherry crossing, by Juvenile stage, pollen collection, emasculation, pollinate, take kind, the crossover process that totally eight steps complete morellos and Wu Pi cherries is transplanted in seed soaking, lamination, sowing, female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry using morello, two mixing breeds are realized by the way of artificial pollination, and by carrying out flower forcing processing to male parent, improve abloom rate, kind of blooming period prolonging, and then improve percentage of fertile fruit；Handled simultaneously to hybrid seed, improve the germination percentage of seed and the survival rate of seedling；Simple to operate, easy penetration and promotion of the invention, and hybridize the cherry variety resistance against diseases by force, yield is high, in good taste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hybridization technique field, the method for especially a kind of morello and black skin cherry crossing.
Background technology
Morello, is born in tailo shaw or has on humus soil stoneledge, also see arbor in Shrubs of Mountainous Areas and thick grass,
Up to 7 meters, bark dark gray, sprig taupe, spray is filbert, close villosity；Volt life is short outside hibernaculum long avette, scale
Pubescence；Blade obovate or obovate elliptic, above green, in addition to middle arteries lie prostrate not familiar pubescence, remaining is hairless, below pale green
Color, in addition to having the not familiar pubescence of volt in middle arteries and lateral vein, remaining is hairless；Corymb, there is colored 5-10, the green phyllary of base portion tool
Piece, floral leaf is same to open；About 1.5 centimetres of flower diameter；Calyx tube inverted cone-shaped；Petal white, ellipse is long 6-7 millimeters, wide 5-6 millimeters；
About 36 pieces of stamen；Style is closely isometric with stamen, and column cap expands, head.There are several notable ribs on drupe ovoid, core surface；Flower
June phase, fruiting period September.
At present, black skin cherry plant production development is rapid, but most of cherry plantation times faces and yielded poorly, and setting percentage is low
Problem, therefore in order to improve yield, the present invention utilizes the means of crossbreeding science, by the cherry of two kinds of different cultivars through hybridization
Afterwards, its hybrid generation is inherited the merit of parents, and then obtain the cherry variety of high-quality.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of method that the present invention provides morello and black skin cherry crossing.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, comprises the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：1~3 annual bearing of selection is very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello
Female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is carried out at flower forcing
Reason, peels off flower pesticide, is put into temperature to be dried naturally in 15~18 DEG C of environment, obtains pollen；
(3) emasculation：Removed, carried out at bagging using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method
Reason；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to it
On style, repeat 2~4 times, complete pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until 7~August then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized, obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, uses
Clear water is preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and is put into during temperature is 42~48 DEG C of water
Soak 60~90min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
Step (2) flower forcing processing be by branch insertion containing 20~30% sucrose, 1~5% postassium hypochlorite, 5~
10% sodium carbonate, 1~3%6-BA, surplus is in the solution of water.
The flower forcing processing time is 5~7d, and a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 18~22 DEG C.
Step (4) pollination time was in morning 10 on the same day：30~11：30, or afternoon 3：30~4：30；Work as daily temperature
At 18~22 DEG C.
Salt containing 10~15% cinnamomum cassia extract and 2~6% in step (6) water.
The moisture of the wet sand is 40~50%.
Seed is put into the wet sand mixing of 6~8 times of volumes in the step (7), and Stratificated treatment is carried out in 1~3 DEG C of environment,
Stratification time is 60~70d.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
The present invention by Juvenile stage, pollen collection, emasculation, pollinate, take kind, seed soaking, lamination, sowing transplant totally eight walk
The rapid crossover process for completing morello and Wu Pi cherries, using morello as male parent, black skin cherry as female parent, using artificial
The mode of pollination realizes two mixing breeds, and by carrying out flower forcing processing to male parent, improves abloom rate, and kind of blooming period prolonging is entered
And improve percentage of fertile fruit；Handled simultaneously to hybrid seed, improve the germination percentage of seed and the survival rate of seedling；Present invention behaviour
Make simple, easy penetration and promotion, and hybridize the cherry variety resistance against diseases by force, yield is high, in good taste.
Embodiment
Tuberculosis specific embodiment is limited technical scheme is further below, but claimed
Scope is not only limited to made description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, comprises the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：Select that 1 annual bearing is very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello is made
Female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is carried out at flower forcing
Reason, peels off flower pesticide, is put into temperature to be dried naturally in 15 DEG C of environment, obtains pollen；
(3) emasculation：Removed, carried out at bagging using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method
Reason；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to it
On style, it is repeated 2 times, completes pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until July then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, with clear
Water is preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and it is immersion in 42 DEG C of water to be put into temperature
60min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
Step (2) flower forcing processing be by branch insertion containing 20% sucrose, 1% postassium hypochlorite, 5% sodium carbonate,
1%6-BA, surplus is in the solution of water.
The flower forcing processing time is 5d, and a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 18 DEG C.
Step (4) pollination time was in morning 10 on the same day：30 when daily temperature is at 18 DEG C.
Salt containing 10% cinnamomum cassia extract and 2% in step (6) water.
The moisture of the wet sand is 40%.
Seed is put into the wet sand mixing of 6 times of volumes in the step (7), Stratificated treatment is carried out in 1 DEG C of environment, during lamination
Between be 60d.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, comprises the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：Select that 3 annual bearings are very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello is made
Female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is carried out at flower forcing
Reason, peels off flower pesticide, is put into temperature to be dried naturally in 18 DEG C of environment, obtains pollen；
(3) emasculation：Removed, carried out at bagging using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method
Reason；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to it
On style, it is repeated 4 times, completes pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until August then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, with clear
Water is preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and it is immersion in 48 DEG C of water to be put into temperature
90min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
Step (2) flower forcing processing be by branch insertion containing 30% sucrose, 5% postassium hypochlorite, 10% sodium carbonate,
3%6-BA, surplus is in the solution of water.
The flower forcing processing time is 7d, and a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 22 DEG C.
Step (4) pollination time was in morning 11 on the same day：30；When daily temperature is at 22 DEG C.
Salt containing 15% cinnamomum cassia extract and 6% in step (6) water.
The moisture of the wet sand is 50%.
Seed is put into the wet sand mixing of 8 times of volumes in the step (7), Stratificated treatment is carried out in 3 DEG C of environment, during lamination
Between be 70d.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, comprises the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：Select that 2 annual bearings are very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello is made
Female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is carried out at flower forcing
Reason, peels off flower pesticide, is put into temperature to be dried naturally in 16 DEG C of environment, obtains pollen；
(3) emasculation：Removed, carried out at bagging using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method
Reason；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to it
On style, it is repeated 3 times, completes pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until July then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, with clear
Water is preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and it is immersion in 45 DEG C of water to be put into temperature
80min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
Step (2) flower forcing processing be by branch insertion containing 28% sucrose, 4% postassium hypochlorite, 6% sodium carbonate,
2%6-BA, surplus is in the solution of water.
The flower forcing processing time is 6d, and a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C.
Step (4) pollination time was in early morning and afternoon 3 on the same day：30；When daily temperature is at 21 DEG C.
Salt containing 14% cinnamomum cassia extract and 5% in step (6) water.
The moisture of the wet sand is 47%.
Seed is put into the wet sand mixing of 7 times of volumes in the step (7), Stratificated treatment is carried out in 2 DEG C of environment, during lamination
Between be 68d.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, comprises the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：Select that 3 annual bearings are very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello is made
Female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is carried out at flower forcing
Reason, peels off flower pesticide, is put into temperature to be dried naturally in 17 DEG C of environment, obtains pollen；
(3) emasculation：Removed, carried out at bagging using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method
Reason；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to it
On style, it is repeated 4 times, completes pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until July then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, with clear
Water is preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and it is immersion in 43 DEG C of water to be put into temperature
70min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
Step (2) flower forcing processing be by branch insertion containing 24% sucrose, 2% postassium hypochlorite, 9% sodium carbonate,
3%6-BA, surplus is in the solution of water.
The flower forcing processing time is 5d, and a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 19 DEG C.
Step (4) pollination time was in morning 4 on the same day：30；When daily temperature is at 20 DEG C.
Salt containing 12% cinnamomum cassia extract and 3% in step (6) water.
The moisture of the wet sand is 44%.
Seed is put into the wet sand mixing of 6 times of volumes in the step (7), Stratificated treatment is carried out in 3 DEG C of environment, during lamination
Between be 65d.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, comprises the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：Result is very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello in 2 years for selection
Female parent is used as male parent, black skin cherry；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is carried out at flower forcing
Reason, peels off flower pesticide, is put into temperature to be dried naturally in 16 DEG C of environment, obtains pollen；
(3) emasculation：Removed, carried out at bagging using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method
Reason；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to it
On style, it is repeated 3 times, completes pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until July then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, with clear
Water is preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and it is immersion in 46 DEG C of water to be put into temperature
65min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
Step (2) flower forcing processing be by branch insertion containing 30% sucrose, 5% postassium hypochlorite, 5% sodium carbonate,
1%6-BA, surplus is in the solution of water.
The flower forcing processing time is 7d, and a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 19 DEG C.
Step (4) pollination time was in morning 11 on the same day：30；When daily temperature is at 18 DEG C.
Salt containing 10~15% cinnamomum cassia extract and 2~6% in step (6) water.
The moisture of the wet sand is 42%.
Seed is put into the wet sand mixing of 6 times of volumes in the step (7), Stratificated treatment is carried out in 2 DEG C of environment, during lamination
Between be 68d.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Juvenile stage：1~3 annual bearing of selection is very large, bright in colour, the uniform plant of fruit size, wherein morello conduct
Male parent, black skin cherry are used as female parent；
(2) pollen collection：Step (1) morello is cut into the branch with bud at the florescence, branch is subjected to flower forcing processing, stripping
From flower pesticide, temperature is put into be dried naturally in 15~18 DEG C of environment, pollen is obtained；
(3) emasculation：Removed using the stamen for the black skin cherry that step (1) is not bloomed with leaf emasculation method, carry out bagging processing；
(4) pollinate：During the black skin cherryblossom after emasculation, dip certain pollen with the cotton swab after sterilizing and be applied to its style
On, repeat 2~4 times, complete pollination；After florescence terminates, bagging is taken；
(5) kind is taken：Until 7~August then, the cherry fruit after being hybridized, obtains hybrid seed after removing pulp, uses clear water
Preserved 1 year after being dried after cleaning；
(6) soak seed：Storage terminates after making hybrid seed take out after the Second Year spring, and it is immersion in 42~48 DEG C of water to be put into temperature
60~90min；
(7) lamination：When temperature is cooled to normal temperature, is mixed with wet sand and carry out lamination；
(8) sow, transplant：Seed after immersion is sowed, after transplanting.
2. the method for morello as claimed in claim 1 and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that at step (2) flower forcing
Reason is containing 20~30% sucrose, 1~5% postassium hypochlorite, 5~10% sodium carbonate, 1~3%6-BA, surplus by branch insertion
For in the solution of water.
3. the method for morello as claimed in claim 2 and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that the flower forcing processing time is
5~7d, a solution was changed every 1 day, and catalytic temperature is controlled at 18~22 DEG C.
4. the method for morello as claimed in claim 1 and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that during step (4) pollination
Between in morning 10 on the same day：30~11：30, or afternoon 3：30~4：30；When daily temperature is at 18~22 DEG C.
5. the method for morello as claimed in claim 1 and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that contain in step (6) water
There are 10~15% cinnamomum cassia extract and 2~6% salt.
6. the method for morello as claimed in claim 1 and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that the moisture of the wet sand
For 40~50%.
7. the method for morello as claimed in claim 1 and black skin cherry crossing, it is characterised in that seed in the step (7)
The wet sand for being put into 6~8 times of volumes is mixed, and Stratificated treatment is carried out in 1~3 DEG C of environment, and Stratification time is 60~70d.
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| CN201710472112.0A CN107114233A (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing |
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| CN201710472112.0A CN107114233A (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | A kind of method of morello and black skin cherry crossing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109757357A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of water lily hybridizing method |
| CN110934072A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-31 | 南京千亩休闲农业发展有限公司 | Sweet cherry fine variety breeding method |
| CN113785677A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-14 | 吉林市林业科学研究院(吉林市林业技术推广站) | Germination accelerating method for ulmus pumila seeds |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109757357A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of water lily hybridizing method |
| CN109757357B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-10-29 | 南京农业大学 | Water lily hybridization method |
| CN110934072A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-31 | 南京千亩休闲农业发展有限公司 | Sweet cherry fine variety breeding method |
| CN113785677A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-14 | 吉林市林业科学研究院(吉林市林业技术推广站) | Germination accelerating method for ulmus pumila seeds |
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