CN107107545A - 粘合剂构造 - Google Patents

粘合剂构造 Download PDF

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CN107107545A
CN107107545A CN201580065714.3A CN201580065714A CN107107545A CN 107107545 A CN107107545 A CN 107107545A CN 201580065714 A CN201580065714 A CN 201580065714A CN 107107545 A CN107107545 A CN 107107545A
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adhesive
basalis
construction
per
adhesive construction
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王雷
云孝昌
彼得·J·达顿
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TE Connectivity Corp
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Tyco Electronics Corp
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Abstract

一种粘合剂构造(100)包含由具有热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料的粘合剂组合物(101)形成的粘合剂。该粘合剂构造还包含与粘合剂接触的基底层(103)。热塑性材料是聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的聚芳基醚酮(PAEK)、聚酰胺(PA)和/或包括聚砜的聚砜衍生物。基底层是全氟聚合物材料、复合材料、金属材料、金属性材料、另一种适合的材料或它们的组合。

Description

粘合剂构造
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及粘合剂。更具体地，本发明涉及具有与粘合剂共混物接触的至少一个层的粘合剂构造。
背景技术
由于其低表面能、高结晶度、对称结构和耐化学性，全氟聚合物，如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)难以结合。为了解决该问题，采用表面处理，如化学蚀刻、等离子体处理或火烧。与金属结合比全氟聚合物容易。然而，能够将金属与全氟聚合物表面结合的粘合剂遭遇相同的困难，其原因部分在于与全氟聚合物结合的难度并且部分在于金属的表面能(大约2J/m2)和PTFE的表面能(大约0.02J/m2)的差异。
某些应用不适用于表面处理。例如，修复环境可能与表面处理技术的运行需求不相容。
与现有技术相比显示出一种或多种改进的粘合剂构造将会是本领域中所需的。
发明内容
在一个实施方案中，粘合剂构造包含由粘合剂组合物形成的粘合剂，所述粘合剂组合物具有选自由下列各项组成的组的热塑性材料：聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的聚芳基醚酮(PAEK)、聚酰胺(PA)、包括聚砜的聚砜衍生物以及它们的组合，并且具有可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，和与所述粘合剂接触的基底层，所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料、复合材料、金属材料或金属性材料。
在另一个实施方案中，粘合剂构造包含由粘合剂组合物形成的粘合剂，与所述粘合剂接触的基底层，所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料，和与所述粘合剂接触并且通过所述粘合剂固定至所述基底层的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)层。
在另一个实施方案中，粘合剂构造包含由粘合剂组合物形成的粘合剂，所述粘合剂组合物具有由聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)组成的热塑性材料以及由全氟烷氧基(PFA)和氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)之一或二者组成的可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，和与所述粘合剂接触的基底层，所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料。
根据以下更详细的描述，连同通过举例说明本发明的原理的附图，本发明的其他特征和优点将会是显而易见的。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开内容的一个实施方案的限定了管的粘合剂构造的截面图的示意图。
在任何可能的情况下，将会在整个附图中使用相同的附图编号以表示相同的部件。
具体实施方式
提供了粘合剂构造。例如，与未能包括在本文中所公开的一个或多个特征的概念相比，本公开的实施方案允许粘合剂共混物在不依赖表面处理的情况下与低表面能材料结合，允许与全氟聚合物(例如，聚四氟乙烯(PTFE))结合，允许与金属(例如，钢和铝)结合，允许两层相同材料之间的结合(例如，将铝与铝结合，将钢与钢结合，将PTFE与PTFE结合)，允许两种不同材料的结合(例如，将铝与PTFE结合，将铝与钢结合，将PTFE与钢结合)，允许结合的材料的剪切强度的增加，允许在本公开中的显而易见的其他特征和优点，或它们的组合。
参照图1，粘合剂构造100包含粘合剂共混物101和基底层103。在另外的实施方案中，粘合剂构造100包含通过粘合剂共混物101直接或间接固定至基底层103的粘附层105。基底层103是全氟聚合物材料(例如，聚四氟乙烯)、复合材料、金属材料或金属性材料。粘附层105是与基底层103相同的材料或者是与基底层103不同的材料。其他实施方案包括一个或多个附加层，如维系层(tie layer)、过渡层、外部层、内部层或它们的组合。另外地或备选地，在其他实施方案中，粘合剂共混物101存在于一个或多个层中和/或邻接其他粘合层，例如，作为梯度或过渡。
在一个实施方案中，例如，在没有维系层的情况下，基底层103和/或粘附层105与粘合剂共混物101直接接触。另外地或备选地，在一个实施方案中，通过以下方式，基底层103和/或粘附层105没有或基本上没有来自表面处理的表面特征，例如，没有对应于等离子体处理的表面形态(例如，没有接枝聚合层，没有与等离子体处理对应的亲水性，和/或没有与等离子体处理对应的近平面表面)，没有对应于在液铵中的钠的处理的表面形态(例如，没有来自这样的蚀刻的化学损伤，没有变成棕色，和/或没有丧失光穿透性能)，没有来自火烧的表面重构，或者没有与表面处理对应的化学或物理性质。
粘合剂共混物101由粘合剂组合物形成。粘合剂组合物包含热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料。在一个实施方案中，热塑性材料是聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚芳基醚酮(PAEK)、聚砜或它们的组合。在一个实施方案中，可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料是或包含全氟烷氧基(PFA)和氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)之一或二者。在一个实施方案中，热塑性材料是或包含聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的聚芳基醚酮(PAEK)、聚酰胺(PA)和/或包括聚砜的聚砜衍生物。
在一个实施方案中，热塑性材料以体积计的浓度在10％至80％之间、10％至50％之间、10％至35％之间、20％至40％之间、30％至40％之间或其中任何适合的组合、子组合、范围或子范围。
在一个实施方案中，可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料以体积计的浓度在20％至90％之间、50％至90％之间、65％至90％之间、60％至80％之间、60％至70％之间或其中任何适合的组合、子组合、范围或子范围。
粘合剂共混物101允许粘合剂构造100具有所选择的抗拉强度。例如，取决于被粘附的材料和粘合剂共混物101的组成，抗拉强度是至少0.5MPa、至少1MPa、至少2.5MPa、至少3MPa、至少5MPa、至少8MPa、至少9MPa、2MPa至10MPa之间，比PFA的相对抗拉强度高所选择的百分数(例如，高至少5％、高至少10％、高至少15％、高至少20％、高至少30％、高至少100％、高至少200％和/或高至少300％)或其中任何适合的组合、子组合、范围或子范围。
粘合剂共混物101和/或粘合剂构造100还包含针对所需性质的任何适合的特征。例如，在需要强化的实施方案中，粘合剂共混物101能够包含强化粒子，如强化纤维和/或碳纤维。
粘合剂构造100位于受益于粘合性能(如可通过粘合剂共混物101得到的剪切强度)的任何适合的结构/制品中，形成其一部分，或对其进行限定。适合的结构/制品包括，但不限于粘合连接的管/套管、接头、计量仪、线、海事部件、其他结构/制品或它们的组合。
实施例
通过将材料以30转/分钟混合5分钟然后以80转/分钟混合10分钟来制备多个样品。通过使用152mm x 152mm x 0.60mm金属框进行压缩成型来制备膜样品。将聚合物共混物放置在两个PTFE或聚酰亚胺膜之间并且在所选择的温度和压力下将两个钢板向膜样品中压制。将膜样品剥离并且针对剪切试验进行测试。
在第一实施例中，测试将PTFE与PTFE结合的全氟聚合物粘合剂和含氟聚合物粘合剂的剪切强度。PFA的剪切强度是约3.19MPa，PTFE的剪切强度是约2.59MPa，氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)的剪切强度是约2.18MPa，四氟乙烯-共-六氟丙烯-共-偏二氟乙烯三元共聚物(THV)的剪切强度是约1.57MPa或0.68MPa(分别取决于是THV 815还是THV 2030)，乙烯四氟乙烯(ETFE)的剪切强度是约0.52MPa，乙烯氯三氟乙烯(ECTFE)的剪切强度是约0.55MPa，并且聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)的剪切强度是约0.18MPa。全氟聚合物粘合剂显示出较高的相容性并且较容易形成缠结层(entanglement layer)。含氟聚合物粘合剂显示出较低的相容性和较低的热稳定性。
在第二实施例中，根据本公开内容的实施方案，测试将PTFE与PTFE结合的多种粘合剂共混物的剪切强度。共混物包含在多种浓度下的热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，具体为PFA，并且具有以下剪切强度：
表1
在以体积计80％负载量的PFA下，粘合剂共混物中的每一种得到所需的剪切强度。
在第三实施例中，根据本公开内容的实施方案，测试将铝与铝结合的多种粘合剂共混物的剪切强度。共混物包含在多种浓度下的热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，具体为PFA，并且具有以下剪切强度：
表2
热塑性材料彼此不同地影响粘合，与PFA相比总体上显示出大幅增加(剪切强度)，特别是在以体积计20％至30％是热塑性材料的范围。
在第四实施例中，根据本公开内容的实施方案，测试将PTFE与铝结合的多种粘合剂共混物的剪切强度。共混物包含在多种浓度下的热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，具体为PFA，并且具有以下剪切强度：
表3
相比之下，以体积计100％时，PFA具有0.49MPa的将PTFE与铝结合的剪切强度。热塑性材料彼此不同地影响粘合，与PFA相比总体上显示出大幅增加(剪切强度)，特别是在以体积计20％至40％是热塑性材料的范围。
在第五实施例中，根据本公开内容的实施方案，测试将钢与钢结合的多种粘合剂共混物的剪切强度。共混物包含在多种浓度下的热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，具体为PFA，并且具有以下剪切强度：
表4
粘合剂共混物与PFA相比总体上显示出大幅增加(剪切强度)，尤其是在以体积计约60％是PEI时。
在第六实施例中，根据本公开内容的实施方案，测试将钢与PTFE结合的多种粘合剂共混物的剪切强度。共混物包含在多种浓度下的热塑性材料和可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料，具体为PFA，并且具有以下剪切强度：
表5
相比之下，以体积计100％时，PFA具有1.44MPa的将钢与PTFE结合的剪切强度。粘合剂共混物与PFA相比总体上显示出大幅增加(剪切强度)，尤其是在以体积计20％至30％之间是PEI时。
尽管已经参照一个或多个实施方案描述了本发明，本领域技术人员应理解的是，可以作出各种改变并且多种等同物可以代替其多种要素而不背离本发明范围。另外，可以做出许多修改以使特定的情况或材料适应本发明的教导而不背离其基本范围。因此，预期的是，本发明不受作为预期用于实施本发明的最佳模式而公开的具体实施方案限制，而是本发明将会包括落在所附权利要求的范围内的所有实施方案。另外，在详细描述中确定的全部数值应当如同明确地确定了精确值和近似值二者一样来解释。

Claims (12)

1.一种粘合剂构造，所述粘合剂构造包含：
由粘合剂组合物形成的粘合剂，所述粘合剂组合物具有选自由下列各项组成的组的热塑性材料：聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的聚芳基醚酮(PAEK)、聚酰胺(PA)、包括聚砜的聚砜衍生物以及它们的组合，并且具有可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料；和
与所述粘合剂接触的基底层，所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料、复合材料、金属材料或金属性材料。
2.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述基底层没有来自表面处理的表面特征。
3.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述热塑性材料以体积计的浓度在10％至50％之间，优选其中所述热塑性材料以体积计的浓度在10％至35％之间。
4.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述热塑性材料是聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)并且以体积计的浓度在10％至80％之间。
5.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，所述粘合剂构造还包含与所述粘合剂接触并且通过所述粘合剂固定至所述基底层的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)层。
6.权利要求5所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料，优选其中所述粘合剂构造具有至少0.5MPa的抗拉强度。
7.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料选自由下列各项组成的组：全氟烷氧基(PFA)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)以及它们的组合。
8.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，所述粘合剂构造还包含全氟聚合物层、金属层或金属性层，所述层与所述粘合剂接触并且通过所述粘合剂固定至所述基底层。
9.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述粘合剂还包含强化粒子或强化纤维。
10.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，所述粘合剂构造还包含通过所述粘合剂与所述基底层粘合连接的粘附层，其中所述基底层包含选自聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、铝和钢的组中的一种或多种材料，其中所述粘附层包含所述一种或多种材料，并且其中所述粘合剂构造具有以下抗拉强度性能：(a)比将所述一种或多种材料的两个相对表面粘合连接的纯全氟烷氧基(PFA)粘合剂构造的相对抗拉强度大至少5％、(b)为将所述一种或多种材料和与所述粘附层相同的材料粘合连接的纯全氟烷氧基(PFA)粘合剂构造的相对抗拉强度的至少200％。
11.权利要求1所述的粘合剂构造，其中所述粘合剂组合物具有由聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)组成的热塑性材料以及由全氟烷氧基(PFA)和氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)之一或二者组成的可熔融加工的全氟聚合物材料；并且所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料。
12.一种粘合剂构造，所述粘合剂构造包含：
由粘合剂组合物形成的粘合剂；
与所述粘合剂接触的基底层，所述基底层是全氟聚合物材料；和
与所述粘合剂接触并且通过所述粘合剂固定至所述基底层的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)层，
优选其中所述粘合剂组合物包含全氟烷氧基(PFA)。
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IL252552A0 (en) 2017-07-31
JP2018502945A (ja) 2018-02-01
US20160160090A1 (en) 2016-06-09
BR112017011133A2 (pt) 2017-12-26
WO2016089949A1 (en) 2016-06-09

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