CN107097913A

CN107097913A - The basic module of very large floating structures

Info

Publication number: CN107097913A
Application number: CN201710343352.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁晓纪; 缪泉明; 王士朝; 张增光
Original assignee: Air Island Tangshan Ocean Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Air Island Tangshan Ocean Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-05-16
Filing date: 2017-05-16
Publication date: 2017-08-29
Also published as: WO2018210198A1

Abstract

A kind of basic module of very large floating structures is disclosed, is made up of lower float structure, superstructure and intermediate connection structure.Lower float structure includes the floating body of multiple dispersed placements, it is in integrally super large Area of Water Plan form, its displacement of volume sum is more than the equivalent water volume of the floating structure full weight, superstructure uses frame structure or body structure, intermediate connection structure arranges that lower float structure connects into hyperstatic interblock space structure by intermediate connection structure and superstructure in spatial dispersion.Basic module is in integrally super tabular morphology.Two basic modules carry out the very large floating structures that km rank can be achieved in once splicing.Basic module has the very strong ability for resisting wave excitation load and load change, stablizes rigidity with very strong anti-sway, can significantly reduce relative motion when basic module splices and spliced connector loads.

Description

The basic module of very large floating structures

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of very large floating structures (Very Large Floating Structure, VLFS basic module), more particularly to a kind of monomer yardstick is i.e. between 400 meters to 800 meters, and have uniqueness is anti-to wave fortune Dynamic ability, 800 meters of basic modules to 1600 meters of length are both can reach by once connecting.

Background technology

In the activity that the mankind develop and explored to ocean, either the sea applied to which kind of functionalized use is floated Formula works, such as marine comprehensive coverage base, ocean exploitation community, maritime travel amusement platform, offshore industry center are in Reveal the active demand of works yardstick maximization.Case structure, Ship Structure and the various ocean platforms having been carried out at present Structure etc., its yardstick be still difficult to meet the mankind ocean is developed and Exploratory behavior great demand, research and development ultra-large type sea Foreign floating structure (VLFS) turns into the hot subject of world ocean engineering field.

In existing very large floating structures (VLFS) research field, mainly there are box-structure and semi-submersible type knot Structure.Box-structure is overall structure, and moldeed depth is smaller, and the neritic province domain that may be only available for breakwater protection is used, and does not possess boat Row mobile condition.

In deep-sea off-lying sea, very large floating structures (VLFS) type selecting generally uses mould based on semi-submersible structure Block, and be articulated and connected and formed by connector by three and more than three basic modules, the yardstick of individual module is general 400 Rice is following, is that a kind of use is flexibly connected " multi-rigid body " complication system.For example, by U.S.'s Mike's moral not limited public affairs of technical concern Take charge of the Chinese invention patent " mobile offshore base " (patent No. ZL98808856.8) of application.

There are the overall system being made up of semi-submersible structure basic module a series of technical problems for being difficult to overcome, safety to ask Topic and economic problems, in spite of huge and urgent ocean development and military requirement, world ocean power has put into substantial amounts of money Source has carried out the tackling key problem of recent two decades, still fails to obtain key breakthrough so far, very large floating structures engineering is real Still end so far is trampled to see and put into practice.

The technical problem underlying that above-mentioned semi-submersible structure basic module is present is embodied in the following aspects：

First, the subject scale of basic module is smaller.

Semi-submersible structure basic module uses typical small-waterplane-area structure type, by structure type, connector loads, pressure The limitation of the factors such as loading system implementation, its principal dimensions is difficult more than 300 meters.In order to realize that the principal dimensions of km rank will Ask, the basic module for being just necessarily required to more than three connect at least twice and could realized, polar region adds greatly connection Enforcement difficulty and security risk.

Second, the stability of basic module is very sensitive to load change (being free of seaway load), anti-to sway stable rigidity Very little, swayed under extraneous interference effect amplitude it is larger, recover the cycle it is long.

The fundamental characteristics of semi-submersible structure basic module is the wave spectral peak cycle that is much larger than in the heaving cycle, thus is had preferably Sea-keeping, but Just because of this, make its floading condition extremely sensitive to load change.Under load change effect, basic module meeting Motion and its period of motion for occurring higher magnitude are longer, therefore, and the ease of use of basic module can be limited significantly, meanwhile, The enforcement difficulty connected between basic module can be greatly increased.

Above-mentioned inherent characteristic is confined to, multiple semi-submersible structure basic modules connect into very large floating structures (VLFS) when, the analysis of its rigid multi-body dynamics (the interaction analysis for including intermodule floating motion) forecast, connector loads are pre- Report, security risk control of connection procedure etc. will become extremely difficult.

3rd, basic module necessarily has complicated and huge ballasting system.

Semi-submersible structure basic module is the steady formula structure of typical post, and its typical operating mode includes migration operating mode, storm certainly Deposit operating mode and normal operation operating mode.The ballasting system and ballast control system of complexity, which must be relied on, can realize its every work( Energy.For very large floating structures (VLFS), it moves boat state and job state conversion, goods and materials handling, outside Load change etc. must be used as precondition using the pressure of large amount of complex/off-load operation.In order to tackle huge load change institute Pressure/off-load the workload needed is difficult to be realized in engineering.

4th, the connection of basic module needs very complicated attachment means and connection procedure is dangerous.

Semi-submersible structure basic module is in connection procedure, in addition to its own can be produced motion by wave excitation, Load change caused by connection procedure can also make it produce obvious motion, and the motion is considerably complicated, and can last longer. Two kinds of motions are superimposed, and the kinetic characteristic after synthesis is more difficult to effectively forecast and controlled.For these reasons, connector issue It is difficult to solve.

5th, very large floating structures (VLFS) that basic module and basic module are connected into using limitation compared with Greatly.

The inherent feature of semi-submersible structure basic module is limited to, it is in partially surfaced condition in operation, substantially without navigation Ability, and do not allow the direct berthing of large ship；Even if multiple basic modules connect into very large floating structures (VLFS) also without operational capabilities.

The major Safety that above-mentioned semi-submersible structure basic module is present is embodied in the following aspects：

First, the stability of basic module is poor.

Semi-submersible structure basic module intact stability and damage stability are to meet existing related specifications and standard to set Criterion is counted, it is in job state, it is impossible to navigate by water, and does not possess by motor-driven navigation to evade the ability of storm, can only be smaller Towing operation, and basic module metacentric height (GM) very little are carried out under sea conditions, it is poor to move boat security, such as to the wind it is sudden and violent, touch The extreme event such as hit, hit a submerged reef, may result in and topple and sink.

Semi-submersible structure basic module is limited by structure type principle, and its stability redundancy is smaller, such as existing specification stability Check and require, intact stability checking conditions wind speed 100 is saved, and it is only 50 sections that damage stability, which checks wind speed, if utilizing intact stability Checking conditions check damage stability, it is difficult to meet requirement, illustrate occur under extreme environmental conditions damaged it is difficult to ensure that safety, shows So using block combiner based on semi-submersible structure into the higher very large floating structures of security requirement (VLFS) It is inappropriate.

Second, the ballasting system of basic module is managed and complex operation.

The every of semi-submersible structure basic module depends on the ballasting system of complexity and a large amount of using function and operating mode Ballast operation, such as regulation ballast it is not in time or incorrect, can cause basic module occur it is larger tilt, structural stress response Acute exacerbation, or even there is major accident.Ballasting system failure can bringing on a disaster property consequence.

3rd, basic module overall structure Safety Redundancy is small.

The integrally-built degree of redundancy of semi-submersible structure basic module is few, and accidental thrusts or column (lower floating body) are surprisingly broken Damage may result in disintegration or sinking of toppling.

4th, the security of basic module is affected by human factors greatly.

Semi-submersible structure basic module requires higher to operator quality, and its overall operation management is complex, safety The uncertainty of operation is high, once there is human operational error, easily causes serious accident.

The major economic problem that above-mentioned semi-submersible structure basic module is present embodies as follows：

The complexities such as ballasting system, equipment, the operation management of single basic module it is high, it is necessary to put into substantial amounts of manpower, Material resources and financial resources cost, integrate cause it is less economical；After multiple basic module connections so that above-mentioned every problem is more Complicated (need to overcome and interfere with each other, and cooperate), so as to cause economy further to deteriorate.

In summary, using semi-submersible structure as the basic module of moveable very large floating structures, in skill In terms of art, there is inherent shortcoming in secure context and economic aspect, be to cause so far that very large floating structures are still It is not engineered the major reason of realization.Exigence researches and develops a kind of brand-new basic module so that ultra-large type marine floating type Works can realize engineering early.

The content of the invention

A primary object of the present invention is to overcome at least one defect of above-mentioned prior art, and there is provided a kind of ultra-large type The basic module of marine floating type works (VLFS), can effectively solve the problem that what above-mentioned basic module was present：Yardstick is small, build super large Type marine floating type works needs the splicing of two or more module, multimode motion and connector loads forecast difficulty, load is become Change the technical problem underlyings such as the complicated ballast operation of sensitive, needs, working condition operational capabilities difference.

Another main purpose of the present invention is to overcome at least one defect of above-mentioned prior art, and there is provided a kind of ultra-large type The basic module of marine floating type works (VLFS), can effectively solve the problem that the stability of above-mentioned basic module presence is poor, overall structure The major Safeties such as poor, the complicated ballasting system security of security is poor, the dangerous complexity of splicing operation.

A kind of basic module of very large floating structures of proposition of the embodiment of the present invention, including lower float structure, Superstructure and intermediate connection structure；The lower float structure is in integrally super large Area of Water Plan form；The lower float knot Structure includes the strip floating body of more than five, and each strip floating body is spaced apart；The depth of section of each strip floating body Less than the maximum wave height for being applicable waters；Each strip floating body displacement of volume sum be more than the basic module full load full weight etc. Measure water volume；The superstructure is frame structure or body structure；The intermediate connection structure lower float structure with Dispersed placement between superstructure, the intermediate connection structure is the small-waterplane-area structure intersected with horizontal plane, each bar There is the intermediate connection structure of more than five on shape floating body；The intermediate connection structure and the superstructure and it is described under Portion's float structure is connected with each other integral, the hyperstatic interblock space structure of formation.

The characteristics of basic module has very strong reduction seaway load, the energy with very strong resistance wave excitation motion Power, stablizes rigidity with very strong anti-sway, can greatly improve the principal dimensions of basic module, basic module can be greatly lowered and exists Motion amplitude in wave, and then significantly reduce the relative oscillating motion and spliced connection of splicing between basic module Device load, so that the difficulty of connectivity problem is greatly reduced.Under various operating modes, basic module possesses autonomous omnidirectional's operational capabilities.

According to an embodiment, the lower float structure of the basic module, length in the horizontal direction and width point Cloth size is equal to or more than during basic module zero load 4 times of centroidal distance standing level height.

According to an embodiment, the basic module length is more than 400 meters, less than 800 meters.Single basic module length side To yardstick more than 400 meters, by scientific and reasonable design, its yardstick can reach about 600-800 meters, and basic module itself is For large ocean floating structure, two basic modules only need to once be spliced the ultra-large type ocean that km rank can be achieved Floating structure (VLFS).

According to an embodiment, the profile height size of any one of strip floating body in the lower float structure Less than the 1/2 of the maximum wave height size for being applicable waters.

According to an embodiment, under full-load draft state, the strip in the lower float structure outline is floated The Area of Water Plan of body is not more than 0.7 with the area ratio of float structure outline.

According to an embodiment, the basic module is in the presence of maximum always vertical moment of flexure, and amount of deflection is less than its length direction The 1/400 of size, " water elasticity " phenomenon caused by its overall displacements amount is not obvious, can be ignored, basic module is still It can be designed according to " rigid body ".

According to an embodiment, the basic module is provided with all-rotation thrust unit.

According to an embodiment, the stem of the basic module, afterbody and/or topside are provided with 2 for connection And the cable traction device of more than 2.

According to an embodiment, carried out between the stem of the basic module, afterbody and/or topside are provided with for module Connect the attachment means with separating.

According to an embodiment, the attachment means are magnetic connector and/or mechanical connecting device.

According to an embodiment, hyperstatic combination that the basic module is integrally made up of multiple indeterminate units is empty Between structure.

According to an embodiment, the basic module in any direction on, at least 4 hyperstatic space structure lists The continuous combination of member.

According to an embodiment, the intermediate connection structure intersected with horizontal plane, global sections product in the horizontal direction is about For 10% to 30% of Area of Water Plan at the quiet drinking water of the lower float structure.

For above-mentioned embodiment, it is described as follows：(the corresponding technical meaning of technical characteristic：)

A. basic module proposed by the present invention is conducive to reducing seaway load response, when making basic module principal dimensions very big still It can guarantee that with enough intensity and rigidity.

Any one floating body in present invention selection lower float structure for small cross-sectional area strip floating body, meanwhile, selection Each floating body in float structure is spaced apart, therefore, and each floating body is dispersed placement in space, dispersed placement it is floating Body be wave get over (around) cross floating body create fluid motion and exergonic condition, it is ensured that wave flowed between floating body it is smooth, To reduce disruptive load of the billow to floating body.

Illustrate single floating body section principal dimensions and be chosen less than maximum wave height principal dimensions (such as 0.5 times), in maximum wave height When, part wave will extend over floating body, and part floating body will be disengaged from wave, and seaway load no longer will significantly increase with the increase of wave height Greatly, i.e. response of the platform seaway load to wave height occurs in that non-linear phenomena, so as to which floating during big wave is greatly lowered The seaway load of structure.

The cross section of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention can analogize to an I-shape cross section, superstructure and under Portion's float structure analogizes to lower flange, and intermediate connection structure analogizes to web, therefore, it is possible to give full play to the effectiveness of material.

Because the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention can give full play to the effectiveness of material and reduce seaway load, therefore, Under the conditions of large scale, it is easily guaranteed that basic module has enough strength and stiffness, avoids water Elastic behavior to basic mould The complex effects of block LOAD FOR.The basic module of the present invention has bigger principal dimensions than various conventional floating structures, and Structure design can be carried out as " rigid body ".Such as basic module of the present invention is when yardstick reaches 600 meters or so, in extreme sea condition Under the conditions of, remain to meet strength specification requirement, under maximum always vertical Moment, its longitudinal bending amount of deflection can be realized no more than The 1/400 of basic module length.

B. each floating body yardstick of the lower float structure of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention is smaller and dispersed placement, and Feature with super large Area of Water Plan form, influence of the unloaded and full load drinking water change to stability is minimum, unloaded and full load All there is high stability.

The profile height size of any one floating body of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention is smaller, in lower float structure Each floating body is spaced apart.Therefore, the inevitable height model in floating body of hydrostatic water line of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention Within enclosing, thus the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention integrally absorb water it is very shallow.

The cross dimensions of single floating body is smaller, and the volume of each floating body is just smaller, thus floating body should have certain length and Quantity, could have certain total displacement of volume, if by each floating body without spacing and together, " bamboo raft " type Flat box float structure, in conjunction with requirement for bearing capacity, flat float structure necessarily has very big Area of Water Plan, its Water Plane Product will be much larger than normal shipboard and marine floating type platform.It is emphasized that big Area of Water Plan is typically necessarily accompanied with to wave The larger response of load, and the present invention has when dexterously realizing very big Area of Water Plan simultaneously by many floating body dispersed placements Less seaway load.Here water plane area refers to that the horizontal plane at water line intersects constituted section with floating body Area.Because water line is change in wave, the situation beyond float scope is had, so drinking water referred herein Line is quiet water line.

The many floating bodies in bottom of the basic module of embodiment of the present invention length in the horizontal direction and width distribution size etc. 4 times of centroidal distance standing level height when the basic module is unloaded, therefore, basic module is in integrally super flat State, metancenter very high feature very low with center of gravity, the GM values of basic module than normal platform and high two orders of magnitude of ship with On.

At the top of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention, each floating body dispersed placement, and hydrostatic water line to floating body away from From smaller, be conducive to wave to pass through and cross floating body, can effectively reduce seaway load.

Basic module is under the excitation of seaway load, and motor imagination is small, and the motor imagination with semisubmersible platform is roughly the same. It should be noted that the two principle realized is completely different, semisubmersible platform is typical small-waterplane-area structure, anti-to sway stabilization Rigidity very little, the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention is the structure of super large Water Plane form, and anti-to sway stable rigidity very big.

Simultaneously as basic module is the structure of super large Area of Water Plan form, and floating body dispersed placement, with very strong Restoring force and restoring moment, when occurring load change, caused motion change very little, relative to semisubmersible platform, with compared with Greatly anti-sways stable rigidity, and motor imagination is swayed as caused by load change to when young an order of magnitude.

C, basic module proposed by the present invention can easily realize between connection.

Basic module proposed by the present invention is provided with for 2 of connection and more than 2 in stem, afterbody and/or topside Cable traction device, while proposing to be provided with for carrying out between module in the stem of the basic module, afterbody and/or topside Connect the attachment means with separating.

In connection procedure, drawn by two and above cable, while requiring the full circle swinging of two basic modules Propulsion plant is promoted in opposite direction, cable is remained tension force, by controlling the pulling force of draw-gear and pushing away for propeller Power, realizes that two basic modules are close to each other under slave mode, and can realize the positioning between basic module and guiding, makes to have Contact load between the basic module of huge quality is minimized, it is to avoid contact load causes damage to modular structure.

The implementation of electrical connector can possess ripe engineering construction experience using mechanical structure, electromagnetic structure etc. Way, can easily realize quick connection and quick separating.It should be noted that electrical connector obviously can be arranged on base The topside of plinth module is with the lateral connection between optimized integration module.

By attachment means basic module end set location and quantity various combination, in that context it may be convenient to control basis It is " being articulated and connected " or " being rigidly connected " between module.For example, respectively setting four up and down in the end of basic module altogether Eight attachment means are counted, when only connecting four attachment means on top, you can realize " being articulated and connected "；When will be upper Eight attachment means of bottom are connected simultaneously when, you can realize " being rigidly connected ".

D, basic module proposed by the present invention possess high security.

Basic module proposed by the present invention is hyperstatic interblock space structure, be ensure that foreseeable least in experience Sharp sea situation and there is the worst collision of record, hit a submerged reef, under stranded, the goods emergency conditions such as displacement extremely, even if locally Structure is damaged, and overall structure still has the security that deterministic structure is not disintegrated integrally.

Basic module is combined by upper box body structure, intermediate connection structure and lower float structure.It has selected Lower float structure includes the strip floating body of five and more than five, have selected have on each strip floating body five or five with The upper small-waterplane-area structure intersected with horizontal plane, therefore, the structure of basic module integrally horizontal any direction across 4 or The span that person is more than 4 a, span here refers to the distance between two adjacent strip floating bodies and two neighboring centre The distance between attachment structure.Therefore, basic module is at least connected by 5 strip floating bodies, 25 columns and one in space The overall structure of continuous upper box body structure (indeterminate unit) composition.According to the knowledge of structural mechanics, 2 bottom strips are floated The part (can analogize to a semisubmersible platform) of body, 4 columns and corresponding upper box body structure can be formed Hyperstatic space structure unit of one closing, therefore, basic module of the invention in any direction on, at least 4 The continuous combination of hyperstatic space structure unit, on the whole from the point of view of, basic module of the invention is at least indeterminate by 16 The combining structure that combines of space structure unit, the unit caused by accident such as colliding, hit a submerged reef, damaged (partial structurtes are lost Effect), overall structure will not safely be threatened.Therefore, structure is overall has very big fail- safe superfluous in terms of anti-disintegration It is remaining.

Analyzed by the structure composition of basic module it can be found that its underpart float structure and intermediate connection structure are quantity More and dispersed placement, each composition component, in structure stress, is to cooperate with work in the way of one kind compares " equilibrium " Make, meet with foreseeable least favorable sea situation and have the worst collision of record, hit a submerged reef, the abnormal shifting of stranded, goods Under the emergency conditions such as position, even if some component damages of some even certain several hyperstatic space structure unit exit work Make, remaining structure is still the combining structure that hyperstatic space structure unit is combined, and remains able to normal work.

Ship and ocean platform delimit pass according to the significance level of component and the difference of stress in routine techniques The species such as key member, important component, secondary member, and each primary structure member significance level of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention It is generally suitable, and can support each other, without caused by " weakness " component failure dependency structure fail successively with it is whole The risk of body collapse.

Be different from semisubmersible platform, the subdivision of semisubmersible platform floating body be it is limited, floating body or column occur compared with When big damaged, buoyancy module will be caused damaged and a large amount of water inlets, now, such as flow of inlet water is more than the discharge ability of emergency dewatering system, The change of the overall floading condition of platform will just occur, and cause a series of chain reactions such as the deterioration of the stress of structure, finally, can The catastrophic consequence for tilting, being broken or even turning over and sinking can be caused.

E, basic module proposed by the present invention possess full-time autonomous navigation ability under various operating modes.

Because basic module is provided with all-rotation thrust unit, therefore it possesses preferable maneuverability.

Basic module is selected all-rotation thrust unit to be installed and very shallow due to absorbing water in the present invention, if floating body is using thin Long strip, resistance is relatively small, is also easy to realize the larger speed of a ship or plane under the conditions of maximization.Specifically can be in terms of power configuration The bow of each strip floating body of lower float structure is arranged with stern certain before and after multiple all-direction propellers, these propellers Distance and can be rotated with omnidirectional, produce omnidirectional's thrust while can produce huge deflection torque as needed, with pole Strong bow is to controling power.Specifically sail can be also on the base module set, directly push away propeller and rudder etc. to realize, basic module can be made With the good autonomous maneuverability including front and rear, horizontal, oblique and cast.Can also according to security needs, Effectively adjust the angle of meeting of basic module and stormy waves.Possess and escape in advance and dodging ability, can effectively hide storm.Together When, basic module easily realizes dynamic positioning.

As shown from the above technical solution, the basic module of very large floating structures of the invention (VLFS) is beneficial Effect is：

1st, the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention itself is that yardstick maximization can be achieved.

Because lower float structure is in super large Area of Water Plan form, seaway load can be reduced, be provided simultaneously with fabulous steady Property, and overall is in class I-shape cross section structure, therefore, the basic module itself of the embodiment of the present invention can be achieved with maximizing and have There is fabulous sea-keeping.It should be noted that with semi-submerged platform on the contrary, the present invention is used that proper motion cycle design exists The overseas short cycle side in wave spectrum energy areal concentration under larger sea situation, the basic module proper motion cycle is about 5 Second or so, and distribution of the Wave energy below this cycle is very little, realizes excellent sea-keeping.

Basic module yardstick reaches 400~800 meters, therefore only need to once be connected, you can composition yardstick 800m is extremely 1600 meters of very large floating structures.

2nd, the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention is advantageously implemented very large floating structures (VLFS).

The present invention and semi-submersible type small-waterplane-area structure have good sea-keeping, but are being used as ultra-large type marine floating type structure On the problem of basic module of thing is spliced, the present invention has bigger advantage.When wave excitation and load change joint are made Used time, the motion amplitude and response cycle of basic module is smaller, that is to say, that stablize rigidity with stronger anti-sway, favorably Concatenation between module.Motor imagination is swayed as caused by load change will be than semi-submersible structure to a when young quantity Level.Meanwhile, once swaying, semi-submersible structure need to can just be stopped through several oscillation cycles, and the basic mould of the present invention Block can then stop quickly, when being conducive to basic module assembly complex job, reduce the relative motion between module.

The characteristics of basic module has very strong reduction seaway load, the energy with very strong resistance wave excitation motion Power, stablizes rigidity with very strong anti-sway, motion amplitude of the basic module in wave can be greatly lowered, and then significantly The relative oscillating motion of splicing and spliced connector loads between reduction basic module, connection procedure are simple, and connection is difficult Degree is small, and operability is good.Without the ballast water adjustment by Large Copacity, very large floating structures are enormously simplify (VLFS) operation complexity.

3rd, the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention is available for the direct berthing of large ship.

The basic module of the embodiment of the present invention possesses wave shadowing effect, forms good berthing condition waterborne, basic mould Block yardstick is big, and scattered floating body possesses wave absorption characteristic, and the shaded areas of larger area, knot are formed in the leeward of structure and the unrestrained side of the back of the body Structure possesses good stability in itself, can provide the mooring restriction ability of sufficiently large berthing ship, it is possible to provide ship straight is connected The condition of pool.

4th, the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention has very strong versatility so that structure design depends on the journey using function Degree is substantially reduced.

The superstructure of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention can be using space frame structure and casing (conventional plate shell) Structure two ways is realized.The use of space frame structure causes superstructure design to have more flexibility.

Frame structure refers to be connected with each other in rigid connection mode by beam and column, constitutes the structure of bearing system, i.e., by beam and column The space frame of composition resists the various load occurred during use jointly.

It should be appreciated that the post and beam structure of the superstructure can be reach safety classes of structure requirement any Post and beam structure type.For example, it is possible to use multiple vertical or transverse truss formula supporting constructions, composition forms top knot Structure, while being separated out numerous functional cabins.

When the frame structure mode formed using spatial beam-column is to realize superstructure, the structure design of superstructure is certainly By spending (or flexibility) relative to traditional ship with that will be greatly increased for water floating body structure design, top functional cabin is set Meter arrangement can flexibly change.Superstructure is transformed leeway and will greatly increased, and main load-carrying construction is beam, post and other Support (being possible to not have), remaining component (upper lower roof plate of partition member, Working cabin between deck, Working cabin etc.) can be set Non-principal load-carrying construction is calculated as, local function load is subjected only to and is not involved in basic module overall structure stress.Due to above-mentioned Characteristic, the non-principal load-carrying construction of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention can appoint on the premise of local function load is met Meaning is changed without influenceing overall structure stress；Non-principal load-carrying construction is it is also contemplated that use nonmetallic materials to be greatly lowered Etch-proof cost；Non-principal load-carrying construction by the way of assembling (non-solder) it is also contemplated that be connected to main load-carrying construction On.

The basic module of the embodiment of the present invention possesses the characteristics such as " stability " fabulous, insensitive to load change, therefore can be with Greatly improve versatility of the floating structure relative to different use functions, be different from ship critical constraints system of the prior art with Use the feature of function.

5th, the ease of use and overall security of moveable very large floating structures (VLFS) are greatly improved.

The lower float structure of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention uses the small yardstick floating body of dispersed placement, therefore has big Area of Water Plan and big metacentric height (GM), empty, full-load draft change is small, without configuring Large Copacity ballast tank.

The GM values of basic module are up to hundreds of meters, and one to two order of magnitude higher than conventional semi-submerged platform makes the limit of permission Height of C.G. brings up to hundred meter levels not, can readily realize the main facilities for setting larger height on the base module, such as any Large-scale Hoisting equipment, superelevation radar antenna, marine ferris wheel, tour tower of topside etc. so that float moveable ultra-large type ocean The application of formula works (VLFS) is more extensive, with huge commercial value.

The basic module of the embodiment of the present invention is when fully loaded job state, and drinking water is still smaller, is provided simultaneously with autonomous Operational capabilities, therefore, it is extensive using waters.And semi-submersible structure basic module is not suitable in neritic area operation, deep ocean work When unnavigability, moving endurance can not operation.

The basic module overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention is the space structure of middle part hollow out, supernatant middle connection Structure space dutycycle very little, structure can reduce floating structure deck overdraught flow field to the disturbance very little of air flow field Mutation, relative to conventional box floating body (ship), can provide safer condition for all kinds of airborne vehicle landings.

The basic module of the embodiment of the present invention has the top operation of the upper table space of planes and ultra-large volume of overlarge area Cabin, can easily realize various use functions, simultaneously very much so that its general function arrangement can using along horizontal layout as It is main, have the application scenario of densely populated place on the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention, relative to many floors be vertically arranged based on and Speech, is more beneficial for the isolation design of fire class accident and the evacuation arrangement of personnel.

The basic module of the embodiment of the present invention has multilayer to be available for the working space of exploitation, more than such as deck high dead zone, on Deck region, middle cabin area, under water water surface area, area, side board area etc., can greatly promote moveable ultra-large type marine floating type The use function of works (VLFS).

The real core floating body of the class of the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention can be using filling removably so that structure repair And periodic inspection is simple and easy to apply.

Floating body uses the real core buoyancy module of class, and its displacement of volume on the outside of at least part in the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention Sum is more than the equivalent water volume of the floating structure full load full weight, and therefore, no matter structure is by which kind of local damage, as long as base Plinth module overall structure is not disintegrated, it becomes possible to which deterministic guarantee overall structure can not possibly sink, and possess general structure security Good feature.

In a word, the main feature of the basic module of moveable very large floating structures (VLFS) of the invention It is：Structure itself can maximize, and seaway load is small, and sea-keeping is good, and stability is good, change insensitive to changing load；It is easy to logical Cross and be spliced to form very large floating structures (VLFS), connection procedure is simple, connection difficulty is small, and operability is good, connection Device load is small；Great versatility, overall structure is relatively low to the degree of dependence for using function, and superstructure uses space frame shape Formula can greatly improve design flexibility；Meanwhile, under various operating modes, possess autonomous omnidirectional's operational capabilities, maneuverability and compared with Good security, and possess the working space that multilayer is available for exploitation.

Term is explained：

" super large Area of Water Plan form "：Refer to the big waterline area shapes of dispersed placement.Area of Water Plan form is the present invention A key character, in ocean engineering field, being specifically defined for Area of Water Plan form, heretofore described water are there is no at present (it is directly connected to unloaded with fully loaded floating knot the relation that line area shapes are concerned between total Area of Water Plan and total displacement Structure drinking water change size), and Area of Water Plan distribution load distribution between relation (it be directly connected to loading distribution with The size of floading condition change), and then the key property such as response that can be to stability, floating structure to load change and sea-keeping causes Influence.For custom, ocean engineering field thinks that normal shipboard is typical flood line-surface structure, and its architectural feature is in big waterline Area shapes；And " small-waterplane-area structure " be for normal shipboard big waterline area shapes feature and non-specific Area of Water Plan number According to what is made a distinction, such as semisubmersible platform is typical small-waterplane-area structure；" the super large Area of Water Plan form " of the present invention It is also that for the big waterline area shapes of normal shipboard, the drinking water change of float structure of the present invention is much smaller than normal shipboard And floating body dispersed placement, in order to make difference with normal shipboard, this feature is referred to as super large Area of Water Plan form.In addition, " super Wave spectral peak when the heaving of big waterline area shapes " floating structure, the natural period of roll and pitch are much smaller than maximum sea situation Cycle.

" hyperstatic interblock space structure "：It is integrally three-D space structure to refer to floating structure waterborne, and is indeterminate 's.Its overall structure is combined by upper box body structure, intermediate connection structure and lower float structure.Upper box body knot Structure can be combined by the hardened structure with ribbed stiffener, and ribbed stiffener can be plate and/or all kinds of section bars, and all kinds of section bars can be work Word steel, angle steel, channel-section steel etc..The frame structure that body structure can be formed by greater number of beam column and/or support adds inside and outside The hardened structure with ribbed stiffener combine.Upper box body structure itself is one in the continuous indeterminate unit in space.It is middle Attachment structure can be the frame structure formed by the pillar structure and/or girder construction of dispersed placement, can also be by dispersed placement Member structure composition space truss structure or frame structure and the reasonable combination of truss structure.Float structure is The various combinations of multiple floating bodies, can be multiple floating bodies in the horizontal plane dispersed placement formation hollow out netted lamellar body structure, Can also be that multiple floating bodies and necessary connecting elements are mutually assembled into a relatively independent three-D space structure.

" maximum wave height "：Different waters maximum wave heights is different, and the statistics in identical waters is also not quite similar.This The described maximum wave height of invention refers to, is applicable maximum wave height maximum shown in each design reference document in waters.

It is anti-to sway stable rigidity：Refer to the rigidity of the restoring force as caused by hydrodynamic force and torque, depending on water plane area and Water plane area square.Water plane area and water plane area square are bigger, and anti-stabilization rigidity of swaying is bigger, shows anti-external disturbance energy Power is strong.

Load change：The handling of load in addition to environmental load (such as seaway load, wind load), such as weight, goods are moved The load of the generation such as dynamic, concatenation, topside hoisting heavy, ship berthing, takeoff and landing.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the forward sight structural representation of the basic module of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic view of the basic module of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the top view cross section structural representation of the basic module of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention Figure；

Fig. 4 is inclining when the basic module columns of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention does not provide buoyancy Cover the experimental data of test；

Toppling when Fig. 5 is the basic module column offer buoyancy of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention The experimental data of test；

Fig. 6 is that the Large marine of the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention is floated Moving platform basic module forward sight structural representation；

Fig. 7 is that the Large marine of the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention is floated Moving platform basic module side structure schematic view；

Fig. 8 is that the Large marine of the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention is floated Moving platform basic module top view cross section structural representation；

Fig. 9 is that the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention is laterally put to be overall In the stability analysis schematic diagram on the corrugated of wave；

Figure 10 is that the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention is stranded situation Under stability analysis schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is that the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention carries out wave load The schematic diagram of lotus analysis；

Figure 12 is that the basic module example of middle very large floating structures according to embodiments of the present invention carries out heaving point The schematic diagram of analysis；

Figure 13 is the basic module splicing block diagram one of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention；

Figure 14 is the basic module splicing block diagram two of very large floating structures in the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Embodying the exemplary embodiments of feature of present invention and advantage will describe in detail in the following description.It should be understood that this Invention can have various changes in different embodiments, and it is neither departed from the scope of the present invention, and it is therein explanation and Diagram is treated as purposes of discussion in itself, and is not used to the limitation present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of basic module of very large floating structures, specifically, more than two Basic module, at sea can be connected with each other together, so that very large floating structures (VLFS) are constituted, can conduct Floating type comprehensive coverage base, is available for various ships directly to moor and leans on, and deck plane can be equipped with large-scale loading mechanization, and there is provided load and unload, turn Fortune and store function.The basic kenel of basic module of very large floating structures may be selected to be super flat space structure, Mainly include lower float structure, superstructure and intermediate connection structure.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 3, the basic module of the very large floating structures of the embodiment of the present invention includes top Structure 1, intermediate connection structure 2 and lower float structure 3.The basic module of the very large floating structures is in the horizontal direction On length or width, centroidal distance when can reach unloaded equal to or more than the basic module of very large floating structures 4 times of standing level height (H), are integrally a kind of super flat profiles.

For example, basic module is at least existed by 5 floating bodies, 25 columns (example is more in figure) and one The overall structure of the continuous upper box body structure composition in space.According to the knowledge of structural mechanics, 2 lower floats, 4 columns with And the part (can analogize to a semisubmersible platform) of corresponding upper box body structure can form the super of closing The space structure unit of static determinacy, therefore, basic module of the invention in any direction on, at least 4 hyperstatic spaces The continuous combination of construction unit, on the whole from the point of view of, basic module of the invention is at least by 16 hyperstatic space structure lists The combining structure that member is combined, therefore structure entirety has very big redundancy in terms of anti-disintegration.

By the structure composition analysis of basic module it can be found that its underpart float structure, intermediate connection structure are to be several Amount is more and dispersed placement, and each composition component, in structure stress, is cooperateed with the way of one kind compares " equilibrium " Work, meet with foreseeable least favorable sea situation and have the worst collision of record, hit a submerged reef, stranded, goods it is abnormal Under the emergency conditions such as displacement, even if some component damages of some even certain several hyperstatic space structure unit exit work Make, remaining structure is still the combining structure that hyperstatic space structure unit is combined, and remains able to normal work.

The present invention can carry out reasonable analysis in design by retrieving the statistics of all kinds of sea situations and accident, forecast The extreme loads of severe sea condition and the various destructive power extreme values for thering is meter to record Crash characteristics, because modern casualty has the sample of record It is abundant and representational enough, it is believable that Crash characteristics and extreme value are analyzed accordingly, and being also row those skilled in the art can With what is accomplished.In this manner it is possible to provide foundation for the design of platform architecture, so as to ensure of the invention under extreme conditions Basic module is not in the continuous destruction of multiple local units, and then ensures that the basic module of the present invention has under these conditions The security performance that standby deterministic structure is not disintegrated integrally.

Ship and ocean platform delimit pass according to the significance level of component and the difference of stress in routine techniques The species such as key member, important component, secondary member, and the present invention each primary structure member significance level be about it is suitable, and And can support each other, without the risk that dependency structure is failed successively caused by " weakness " component failure and entirety is collapsed.

Semisubmersible platform is different from, any one floating body or column of semisubmersible platform are damaged, will caused Buoyancy module, which is intake and integrally-built stress occurs, to be deteriorated, and such as disposal would potentially result in the calamity for tilting, being broken or even turning over and sinking not in time The consequence of difficulty.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, the upper and lower surface of superstructure 1 is upper lower decks, can also increase middle first Plate.Upper lower decks participates in overall structure stress.In one embodiment of superstructure 1, the rigidity knot that can be realized for frame structure Numerous cabins have been could be alternatively formed in structure, superstructure 1.

Frame structure, which refers to be connected by beam and column, to be formed, and is constituted the structure of bearing system, i.e., is constituted framework by beam and column The horizontal load and vertical load occurred during common resistance use.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, in the exemplary embodiment, in the height direction, list is may be designed as in superstructure 1 Layer distribution or at least two layers of Multi-layers distributing.And numerous cabins can be arranged in each layering, ship cabin arrangement mode can be according to function Demand is arranged.Wherein each cabin primary structural support can be at least three vertical columns, and the horizontal company in top Beam is connect, tie-beam can be respectively in top or bottom connection column.It is attached between crossbeam and column using connector, such as Dichotomous casing joint.Can be between each part be welded to connect, riveting, bolt connection or quick clamping.In this way, by horizontal stroke Beam and column constitute main rock-steady structure supporter.Certainly, rod-type diagonal brace or truss can also be increased between crossbeam and column Formula supporting construction, so that the overall structure of superstructure 1 reaches the requirement of safety classes of structure.

Further, in superstructure by crossbeam and column or other flow resistance of rod-support structure composition rigidity supporting structures, such as With reference to the room constituted mode of building, close to form each functional cabin using sheet material., can because wallboard is non-load-carrying construction To select light weight board, for example, aluminum honeycomb panel, composite rock wool slab, lightgage steel joist assembled wall etc..But preferably there is resistance in selection The sheet material of fuel efficiency fruit.Top plate and floor can select steel plate or it is other can bearing plate.

It should be appreciated that the post and beam structure of superstructure 1 can be reach safety classes of structure requirement any Post and beam structure type.For example, it is possible to use multiple vertical or transverse truss formula supporting constructions, composition forms superstructure 1, while being separated out numerous functional cabins.

When the frame structure mode formed using spatial beam-column is to realize superstructure, the structure design of superstructure 1 The free degree (or flexibility) relative to traditional ship with that will be greatly increased for water floating body structure design, top functional cabin Design arrangement can flexibly change.Superstructure 1 is transformed leeway and will greatly increased, main load-carrying construction be beam, post and its It supports (being possible to not have), and remaining component (upper lower roof plate of partition member, Working cabin between Working cabin etc.) can be set Non-principal load-carrying construction is calculated as, local function load is subjected only to and is not involved in basic module overall structure stress.Due to above-mentioned Characteristic, the non-principal load-carrying construction of basic module can be arbitrarily changed on the premise of local function load is met without influenceing Overall structure stress；Non-principal load-carrying construction is it is also contemplated that use nonmetallic materials etch-proof cost is greatly lowered； Non-principal load-carrying construction by the way of assembling (non-solder) it is also contemplated that be connected on main load-carrying construction.

And may also provide in another embodiment for superstructure 1, can be the rigid structural layer that body structure is constituted, mainly Load-carrying construction is space slab and girder, and the component such as transverse bulkhead, longitudinal girder in cabin, the upper lower decks for forming cabin is generally The calculating of longitudinal strength is participated in as force structure component.

Body structure referred herein, the space case structure of the plate composition mutually constrained with polylith, each block of plate is held By local load, distributed moment undetermined is born on four sides.

For example, space-bin's knot that superstructure 1 can be made up of deck, leg and some vertical and horizontal bulkheads Structure.Its deck can have several layers of, such as main deck, between deck, lower decks.The main body of superstructure 1 can be designed as having storage Standby buoyancy, the i.e. main body of superstructure 1 are for watertight or with certain watertightness.The main body of superstructure 1 can be an entirety The assembly of body structure or several box structures in length and breadth, such as sphere of movements for the elephants shape, " well " font, " △ " font.

For example, the structure of superstructure 1 may be selected using mixed matrix form in length and breadth, in each region, the main direction to beam is not Together, the strong frame that distance is not waited is set into beam length direction both perpendicular to main, all major lateral skeletons all use horizontal cloth Put, all inwalls use vertical stiffener.Because frame structure is the conventional knot in spot ship or offshore foundation module cabin Configuration formula, therefore, will not be repeated here.

It should be appreciated that the superstructure 1 also may be selected by body structure and two kinds of matched combineds of tower structure Form.Vertical or horizontal plate-girder is such as added in tower structure, further to improve structural strength.Can certainly be in case In structure based on body structure, add various columns and crossbeam is strengthened.The middle part of superstructure 1 uses frame-type knot for another example Structure, and periphery and or bottom use body structure.

On the overall maximum wave height using waters of superstructure 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, and formed in superstructure 1 Multiple cabins be chosen as salable cabin, if under the cabin structure situation of Multilayer partition, at least middle part below cabin just It is sealed in the case of often, can refer to current cabin structure.So, if running into extreme case, many floating bodies 3 in bottom fail When, superstructure 1 remains to keep from floating.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, in an embodiment of intermediate connection structure 2, include the attachment structure of first direction 21, first direction intersects with horizontal plane, and the attachment structure 21 of first direction includes multiple spaced floating bodies, can be regarded as The extension of many floating bodies upwards, this part of floating body belongs to specific function floating body, under extreme conditions, when basic module integrally occurs During extreme wide-angle tilt, multiple spaced floating bodies that the attachment structure 21 of first direction includes are immersed in the water, it is possible to provide Buoyancy, it is overall to produce larger restoring moment because lever of stability is very long, it can cause basic module integrally possesses more reliable Stability.

It should be noted that when larger inclination occurs for basic module, the intermediate connection structure intersected with horizontal plane enters water, energy Safe restoring force is enough provided.For example, according to current design calculating and experimental data, when the centre intersected with horizontal plane connects The cross-sectional area sum of binding structure, more than 5% of Area of Water Plan at many hydrostatic drinking water of floating body 3 in bottom, also, outermost and water When the intersecting intermediate connection structure of plane to the distance of basic module center of gravity is more than twice of basic module distance of centre of gravity water surface distance, The maximum that the total restoring moment of basic module can be subject to more than basic module under the synergy such as wind, the wave being likely to occur is toppled Torque, can make basic module have the security do not toppled.The small-waterplane-area feature of intermediate connection structure of the present invention, It is similar to conventional semisubmersible platform in terms of constructional appearance form when it uses pillar construction, except that, this part is stood Rod structure is only local when larger inclination occurs for basic module or big wave crosses lower float structure temporarily to be submerged in water, Integrally the operating mode that the pillar construction is persistently submerged in water is vertically sunk down into without occurring platform.

For example, the basic module of the embodiment of the present invention can select only to set the attachment structure 21 of first direction, can The accessible water surface working space in big region is formed between floating body.

The intermediate connection structure 2 of small-waterplane-area feature in the embodiment of the present invention, the attachment structure 21 of its first direction it is many Individual floating body, can be the multiple float type attachment structures for intersecting at the water surface, these float type attachment structures section in the horizontal plane Width be less than the waterline breadth of connected floating drum 31, described " width " refers on the length direction of floating drum 31 of strip Size.Multiple floating bodies of the attachment structure 21 of first direction can be the sky extended above and below high column structure, or flat chip Heart attachment structure；Simply in embodiments of the present invention, multiple floating bodies of the attachment structure 21 of first direction be it is spaced, with Passed through for wave, the external load that platform is integrally born is reduced, to ensure safety.Alleged multiple float type attachment structures in this section It should be understood that referring to that the single floating drum 31 of correspondence is connected with more than five spaced float type attachment structures.

The attachment structure 21 of first direction may include multiple vertical columns, and column is hollow closed structure.Column is from outer Pillar type column and box type column, uiform section column and variable cross-section column can be divided into for shape.Most of column can be vertical for uiform section circle Post, it can be square column to have minority.In present analysis, the embodiment of float type connection column, which has, bears the small advantage of external load, And support strength is preferable.Because many floating bodies 3 in bottom include the floating drum 31 of the strip of multiple dispersed placements, the connection of first direction Multiple column floating bodies of structure 21 can be distributed on multiple rows of, and often the upper each column of row is spaced apart, column Arrangement mode depends on the arrangement mode of each floating drum 31 in many floating bodies 3 in bottom, in principle, and being connected to for multiple column intervals is each On floating drum 31.Front side that can be in column Yu many junctions of floating body 3 of superstructure and bottom and rear side, are provided with lead angle connection Portion, lead angle connecting portion is hollow-core construction.Column can also use the box section of standard with many junctions of floating body 3 of superstructure and bottom Point structure.Moreover, the transporting equipment such as elevator or stair can be also installed in column 21, to enter administrative staff or thing to superstructure The transport of money.

Shown in reference picture 4, when being that the attachment structure 21 of first direction does not provide buoyancy, basic module carries out test of toppling Data, wherein, after Angle of Heel is more than 10 degree, basic module lever of stability can be from the occasion of rapid decrease, in Angle of Heel more than 45 After degree, lever of stability can be changed into negative value, accelerate toppling for basic module on the contrary.Wherein symbol description is as follows：

Shown in reference picture 5, float type attachment structure of embodiment of the present invention global sections product is about the hydrostatic of many floating bodies 3 in bottom The 10% to 30% of water line area, it is ensured that the continuity that floating body is distributed upwards, there is inclination maximum, (side strip is floated Body all enters water) when lever of stability still be on the occasion of.It ensure that under extreme case, basic module remains to maintain preferably overturn-preventing Property.

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, in an embodiment of many floating bodies 3 in bottom, many floating bodies 3 in bottom include multiple strip floating drums 31, further, it may include the strip floating drum 31 of more than at least five or five, these strip floating drums 31 can be spaced a spacing From parallel arrangement.Total demand is that each floating body displacement of volume sum is more than the displacement hull during basic module full load condition Product, to ensure the basic module in Light Condition or full load condition, water line is always located at the altitude range of many floating bodies 3 in bottom It is interior.Being embodied as the super large Water Plane basic module insensitive to load change with this, there is provided higher lifting capacity.Such as Fig. 1 extremely In embodiment shown in Fig. 3, longitudinal direction of multiple strip floating drums 31 with longitudinal direction along basic module is arranged, spaced apart Parallel arrangement.Certainly, many floating bodies 3 in bottom can be combined into variously-shaped different form by multiple floating drums 31, also can be by not similar shape The floating body composition many floating bodies 3 in one bottom that shape intersects in length and breadth, only need each floating drum 31 to reserve appropriate interval to eliminate wave action .

Each floating drum 31 mainly can constitute watertight housings by multiple reinforcement structures in length and breadth and shell grillage.Structure needs to ensure Watertightness and intensity.The maximum height size of the single section of floating drum 31, which may be selected to be to be less than, is applicable the 1/ of waters maximum wave height size 2, greatest width dimension may be selected to be 2 times of no more than section maximum height size；Between each adjacent floating drum 31 of many floating bodies 3 in bottom Clear spacing may be selected to be 0.5 times of section width size of the floating drum 31 larger more than width dimensions in two neighboring floating body.

Further, equivalent water of each displacement of volume sum of floating drum 31 selection equal to or less than basic module full load full weight 2 times of volume.So that the quiet water line of basic module is located substantially at each top half of floating drum 31.One kind is selected, basic module The corresponding displacement of volume of changing load is less than or equal to the 1/4 of the cumulative volume of each floating drum 31.Within this range, it can tile as far as possible many Floating body, increase basic module load-carrying.

In specific embodiment as depicted, many floating bodies 3 in bottom may include multiple bar shaped floating drums 31 being generally aligned in the same plane Though (in figure it is the floating body composition of same size in the same plane or various sizes of floating body is constituted, be not necessarily respectively positioned on same One plane), each diameter of floating drum 31 and same length, each floating drum 31 are spaced apart, and each floating drum 31 is with longitudinal side here It is spaced to along basic module longitudinal direction, the quantity of floating drum 31 is 11 here, middle one, the symmetrical cloth in each 5 of both sides Put.The section of floating drum 31 can be circular, oval, square or other geometries.Certainly, each floating drum 31 can also size not One, such as, it is applied in combination with the floating drum 31 of different outer profile sizes.

Lightweight nonabsorbent material 311, such as polystyrene are preferably filled with several outermost floating drums 31 of many floating bodies In foamed plastics, specific embodiment as depicted, 4 floating drums 31 are filled in left and right respectively, and 8 31,8, floating drums are filled altogether and are floated The gross buoyancy that cylinder 31 is provided is about 1.2 times of the suitable displacement of whole basic module deadweight.So that basic module is being collided, touched In the case that reef causes floating body shell damaged, 8 filling floating drums 31 remain to not lose buoyancy so that basic module structure will not be because Topple or sink for floating body loss of buoyance, with very big practical value.

It should be understood that floating drum 31 can be not limited in strip, another embodiment, many floating bodies 3 in bottom include it is multiple The independent floating body of spatial dispersion arrangement, the shape of floating body, which can be that spherosome, spheroid etc. are thinkable, can apply to basis The various forms of module.

It should be understood that in another embodiment, many floating bodies 3 in bottom can be combination or the joint of variform floating body. For example, on the basis of many floating bodies 3 in bottom constituted with strip floating drum, in addition to multiple independences arranged in spatial dispersion Floating body, the shape of floating body can be the thinkable various forms that can apply to basic module such as spherosome, spheroid.

In addition, each floating body of the attachment structure 21 of first direction can also be filled with lightweight nonabsorbent material, to ensure it Breakage is not intake, and is remained to provide restoring moment, can be selected to be stuffed entirely with lightweight nonabsorbent material, may correspond to floating drum 31 situation, lightweight nonabsorbent material is simply filled with the float type attachment structure of outer circumferential side, can so be greatly improved The security of basic module.

The large foundation module of the embodiment of the present invention, the attachment structure 21 of the first direction of small waterline therein and bottom are more Floating body 3 coordinates, and forms the change Water Plane float structure relative to wave, effectively reduces seaway load.

In the embodiment of the present invention, basic module, specifically can be in each floating drum 31 equipped with drive device and direction-control apparatus The upper multiple propellers 4 of arrangement, these propellers 4 can be all-direction propeller.When needing to evade limit sea situation, basic module It can be turned to and quick sailing, the speed of a ship or plane can reach 10 sections；Multiple synergy of all-direction propeller 4, it is possible to achieve power is fixed Bit function.

The basic module provided in the embodiment of the present invention, includes the superstructure 1 of integral rigidity, intermediate connection structure 2 with And many floating bodies 3 in bottom, it can generally analogize to an I-shape cross section.Superstructure can be equivalent to the upper limb of I-shape cross section Edge；The many floating bodies 3 in bottom are equivalent to the lower flange of I-shape cross section, and intermediate connection structure 2 is equivalent to the web of I-shape cross section.It is logical Rational structure design is crossed, such as, many cross-sectional areas of floating body 3 in bottom and the cross-sectional area of superstructure 1 are neutralized to basic module The contribution of the cross section the moment of inertia of axle is roughly the same, and the moment of inertia and the section of superstructure 1 of many sections itself of floating body 3 in bottom are certainly The moment of inertia of body is roughly the same, can design the natural axis of this basic module structure in basic module structure medium position, make Playing a role for superstructure 1, many floating bodies 3 (steel) in bottom maximal efficiency is obtained, obtains maximum with minimum steel usage amount Intensity (including resistance tensile, compressive, bending, the synergy such as cut, reverse), greatly improve the utilization rate of structural material (steel).

The yardstick of single basic module length direction is more than 400 meters, and by scientific and reasonable design, its yardstick can reach About 600-800 meters, basic module itself is large ocean floating structure, and two basic modules only need to once be spliced i.e. The very large floating structures (VLFS) of km rank can be achieved.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, in the exemplary embodiment, stem, afterbody and/or the topside of each basic module are selected It is provided with the cable traction device 11 of more than 2 for connection.Example as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, selection the stem of superstructure 1, The end face of afterbody is respectively arranged with 2 cable traction devices 11.For example, cable traction device 11 mainly include hoist engine, The parts such as locking device, cable 13.Selection is respectively arranged with 1 in the bottom of attachment structure 21 of stem, the first direction of afterbody Cable traction device 11.With in the cable traction system of the end face of the stem of basic module, afterbody formation triangle layout.It should manage Solution, the layout type of cable traction system is also an option that other various combinations.As shown in Fig. 2 topside can also reference Aforesaid way forms horizontal cable traction system.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, in the exemplary embodiment, set in the stem of basic module, afterbody and/or topside Have for being attached the attachment means 12 with separating between module.Attachment means 12 may be selected to be magnetic connector or machinery Attachment means, or two kinds of combination.Attachment means 12 select to be arranged at the stem of superstructure 1 or lower float structure 3, Afterbody and/or topside, or two kinds of combination, it is possible to achieve being rigidly connected between basic module.It should be appreciated that connection The quantity of device 12 and position can also have multiple choices, can as needed realize and be articulated and connected.

Reference picture 13 is to shown in Figure 14, in basic module connection procedure, first, the cable traction dress of two basic modules 11 are put to be attached by cable 13；Next, the all-rotation thrust unit 4 of two basic modules is promoted in opposite direction, cable Rope 13 starts tensioning, and two basic modules of limitation are located remotely from each other；Next, startup hoist engine, continues to tighten up cable 13, makes receipts Clamp force T is more than reverse propulsion power F, and two basic modules are close to each other；Until the phase of each attachment means 12 on two basic modules Mutually docking, each attachment means 12 complete mutual locking.

In connection procedure, it is desirable to which the all-rotation thrust unit 4 of two basic modules is promoted in opposite direction all the time, makes cable Tension force is remained, by controlling the tightening force T of cable traction device 11 and the reverse propulsion power F of propeller 4, two bases are realized Plinth module is close to each other under slave mode, and can realize the positioning between basic module and guiding, makes the base with huge quality Contact load between plinth module is minimized, it is to avoid contact load causes damage to modular structure.

As shown in Figure 6 to 8, in another embodiment of the present invention, the difference with above-described embodiment is, intermediate connection structure 2 also have the attachment structure 22 of second direction, and the attachment structure 22 of second direction is horizontally disposed girder construction, can be welded by steel plate Connect and form, the settable shifting board in inside or deep floor.Further for example, in embodiment as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, The attachment structure 22 of multiple second directions can be connected between adjacent floating drum 31, the attachment structure 22 of second direction can be vertical along floating drum 31 It is multiple to arranged for interval, the connecting rod of the bearing of trend perpendicular to floating drum 31 can be included, can also include prolonging with floating drum 31 Stretch the intersecting connecting rod in direction.The attachment structure 22 of second direction can be the connecting rod of hollow closed structure, connecting rod section shape Shape can be water-drop-shaped, wing or other streamline shapes, and the connecting rod cross sectional shape can be underway to reduce parallel to horizontal plane Resistance.Connecting rod can be integrally connected to the top of each floating drum 31, can be fixedly connected using welding, riveting or screw connection manner. Certainly, each floating drum 31 also can be integrally penetrated, is connected in the structural beams in each floating drum 31.Connecting rod can also replace with the connection wing Etc. attachment structure.Connecting rod can be not only attached perpendicular to each floating drum 31, can also be selected to favour floating drum 31 and be entered therewith Row connection, in this way, the structural stability of many floating bodies 3 in bottom can be improved using the attachment structure 22 of second direction.

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, under the present invention provides a concrete application for example：

Example, about 22 meters of the statistical value for the maximum wave height that the basic module is likely to occur using marine site as shown in FIG..The base Plinth module superstructure design, which is one, has the body structure on three layers of deck, constitutes the strength deck of the basic module.Citing For, as illustrated, the length of superstructure can be 600 meters, wide is 151 meters, highly can be 13 meters.9.06 ten thousand can be provided Square metre upper surface continuous deck, and 27.18 ten thousand square metres of upper chamber.

The many selections of floating bodies 3 in the bottom of the basic module are provided with 11 same shapes, separate, be longitudinally arranged it is floating 31 (or strip floating bodies) of cylinder, buoyancy is provided for whole basic module.For example, as illustrated, many floating bodies 3 in bottom are each floating The cross section of cylinder 31 may be designed as identical band round rectangle, and each length of floating drum 31 can be 600 meters, highly can be 11.5 meters, Breadth Maximum can be that the spacing between 8.8 meters, floating drum 31 can be 6 meters.11 outward flange dispersions of distribution of floating drum 31 can be 151 meters, Many floating bodies provide about 667000 cubic metres of displacement of volume altogether.The Area of Water Plan sum of many floating bodies can be 57800 square metres.Base Plinth module maximum displacement is about 410000 tons, wherein, about 190000 tons of deadweight, about 200000 tons of design load amount.Work as place Drinking water when full load condition is designed is about 7.3 meters, and Light Draft is about 4.8 meters.Unloaded, full-load draft changes about 2.5 meters.It is empty Basic module center of gravity G is about 25 meters apart from standing level height H during load.Distribution chi of many floating bodies of the basic module in width 6.04 times of centroidal distance standing level height during the very little zero load equal to the basic module.

When designing a height of 22 meters of ripple (being revised sine wave), when wavelength is 621 meters, floating body is maximum always to indulge moment of flexure forecast Value is about 9.76E10NM.Midships section max architecture stress is about 220MP (allowable stress is 320MP), structure overall deflection about 1/ 500, meet the condition of " rigid body ".

The attachment structure 21 of first direction is to have the hollow column body of the rectangle of fillet, about 10 meters of its length, width about 6 About 28 meters of rice, height.Its single cross-sectional area can be that 15 first party equidistantly are distributed with 60 square metres, each strip floating body To 21,11 floating bodies of attachment structure have 165, it is about 9900 square metres to amount to cross-sectional area, is many floating body Areas of Water Plan 17.1%.

The volume of the single floating drum 31 of the basic module is 60720 cubic metres, and displacement of volume during basic module full weight is 410000 cubic metres, so the inner space of outermost 8 floating drums 31 is stuffed entirely with into lightweight nonabsorbent material 311, it is arranged Water volume is about 485760 cubic metres, more than the equivalent water volume of basic module full weight.

As shown in Figure 2, drive device and direction-control apparatus can be each provided with the bow and stern of each floating drum 31 4, it can be as shown in the figure specifically each a set of electric propulsion full-rotating rudder paddle of bow afterbody, such as have 22.Based on module carry For excellent driving force and omnidirectional's control ability.

Another embodiment

1. summary

Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 give a kind of application of ultra-large type offshore foundation module, and the basic module is designed to applicable In sail, and the marine large foundation module promoted by 22 sets of all-direction propellers 4, can be in outdoor upper deck or other first Plate loads large-sized object, helicopter, container etc., can also provide oil reserve, refrigerated goods deposit, personnel's living facilities Deng.

The many selections of floating bodies 3 in the bottom of the basic module are provided with 11 same shapes, separate, be longitudinally arranged it is floating 31 (or strip floating bodies) of cylinder, buoyancy is provided for whole basic module.For example, as illustrated, many floating bodies 3 in bottom are each floating The cross section of cylinder 31 may be designed as identical band round rectangle, and each length of floating drum 31 can be 600 meters, highly can be 11.5 meters, Breadth Maximum can be that the spacing between 8.8 meters, floating drum 31 can be 6 meters.11 outward flange dispersions of distribution of floating drum 31 can be 151 meters, Many floating bodies provide about 667000 cubic metres of displacement of volume altogether.The Area of Water Plan sum of many floating bodies can be 57800 square metres.Base Plinth module maximum displacement is about 410000 tons, wherein, about 200000 tons of deadweight, about 200000 tons of design load amount.Work as place Drinking water when full load condition is designed is about 7.5 meters, and Light Draft is about 5 meters.Unloaded, full-load draft changes about 2.5 meters.It is unloaded When basic module center of gravity G apart from standing level height H be about 25 meters.Distributed dimension of many floating bodies of the basic module in width 6.04 times of centroidal distance standing level height during equal to basic module zero load.

The attachment structure 21 of first direction is to have the hollow column body of the rectangle of fillet, about 10 meters of its length, width about 6 About 28 meters of rice, height.Its single cross-sectional area can be that 15 first party equidistantly are distributed with 60 square metres, each strip floating body To 21,11 floating bodies of attachment structure have 165, it is about 9900 square metres to amount to cross-sectional area, is many floating body Areas of Water Plan 17.1%.Intermediate connection structure 2 also has the attachment structure 22 of second direction, and the attachment structure 22 of second direction sets for level The girder construction put, can be welded by steel plate, the settable shifting board in inside or deep floor.

Unless limited otherwise, term used herein is the implication that those skilled in the art are generally understood that.Institute of the present invention The embodiment of description is not used to limit the scope of the invention merely for exemplary purpose, and those skilled in the art can Various other replacements, changes and improvements are made within the scope of the invention, thus, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, and Only it is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. a kind of basic module of very large floating structures, including lower float structure, superstructure and middle connection Structure；Characterized in that,

The lower float structure is in integrally super large Area of Water Plan form；The lower float structure includes the strip of more than five Floating body, each strip floating body is spaced apart；The depth of section of each strip floating body is less than the maximum ripple for being applicable waters It is high；Each strip floating body displacement of volume sum is more than the equivalent water volume of the basic module full load full weight；

The superstructure is frame structure or body structure；

Intermediate connection structure dispersed placement between lower float structure and superstructure, the intermediate connection structure be with There is the intermediate connection structure of more than five on the intersecting small-waterplane-area structure of horizontal plane, each strip floating body；It is described Intermediate connection structure is connected with each other integral, the hyperstatic combination of formation with the superstructure and the lower float structure Space structure.

2. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the basic mould The lower float structure of block, length and width distribution size in the horizontal direction be equal to or more than the basic module it is unloaded when 4 times of centroidal distance standing level height.

3. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the basic mould Block length is more than 400 meters, less than 800 meters.

4. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that float the bottom The profile height size of any one of strip floating body in body structure is less than the 1/2 of the maximum wave height size for being applicable waters.

5. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in full-load draft Under state, the Area of Water Plan of the strip floating body in the lower float structure outline and the area of float structure outline The ratio between be not more than 0.7.

6. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the basic mould Maximum defluxion of the block in out to out direction is less than the 1/400 of out to out.

7. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the basic mould Block is provided with all-rotation thrust unit.

8. the basic module of the very large floating structures according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that The stem of the basic module, afterbody and/or topside are provided with the cable traction device of more than 2 for connection.

9. the basic module of very large floating structures according to claim 8, it is characterised in that on the basis Stem, afterbody and/or the topside of module are provided with for being attached the attachment means with separating between module.