CN206871321U - Large-scale floating structure waterborne - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of open large-scale floating structure waterborne, including the more floating bodies in bottom, superstructure and intermediate connection structure；The more floating bodies in bottom include the strip floating body of multiple dispersed placements, displacement of volume when floating body is spaced apart and its displacement of volume sum is more than floating structure entirety full load condition；Intermediate connection structure comprises at least the attachment structure of multiple first directions, first direction intersects with horizontal plane, the attachment structure of first direction corresponds to single strip floating body and is connected with more than three spaced structures, and the cross-sectional width of each intermediate connection structure in the horizontal direction is respectively less than the width of corresponding strip floating body.Floating structure waterborne is in integrally super flat.With the characteristic responded to unrestrained high non-linearity, seaway load can be reduced, large can be achieved；Possesses fabulous sea-keeping；High redundancy with structural intergrity and stability, possess in the characteristic for colliding, hit a submerged reef, not disintegrating, do not turn over and sink under the conditions of the contingency such as stranded, it can be ensured that the life security of floating structure and thereon personnel.

Description

Large-scale floating structure waterborne

Technical field

A kind of floating structure waterborne is the utility model is related to, it is a kind of new large-scale waterborne floating more particularly in ocean engineering Formula structure.

Background technology

So-called large-scale floating structure waterborne, refer to than routine floating structure waterborne size it is bigger, to provide large area Working space is the floating structure waterborne of major function.Such as marine artificial floating island, floating aerodrome.Large-scale floating structure waterborne is first First need to solve the problems, such as to be conventional box-shaped floating body with the increase of structure principal dimensions, can cause load caused by wave (moment of flexure, Shearing and moment of torsion) increased dramatically so that the ultimate strength more than structure.In addition, existing ship or floating structure with The increase of floating body yardstick, the article and personnel carried increase considerably, and consequence is also more as caused by all kinds of security incidents It is difficult to bear.It is intended that by exploring and studying, a kind of new structure type of achievable floating structure large is found, It can realize under operating environment, floating structure possesses high stability, can provide the operating environment on similar land on the water, be land Application provides convenience on the water for ground technical equipment and operating type；Meanwhile in storm, collide, hit a submerged reef and stranded etc. Under extreme condition, more safer than floating structure waterborne at present (including floating structure inherently safe and people thereon can be also provided Member life security) technical solution.

In the prior art, can stablize in marine environment, one of large-scale floating structure waterborne survived in storm It is large ship.It uses common flood line-surface structure, is navigated by water suitable for load-carrying.Ship Structure force analysis can analogize to Box beam is placed on elastic foundation, and with the increase of ship vertically and horizontally yardstick (i.e. cumulative volume), the increase of seaway load can be more than Ship Structure resists the increase of load-carrying ability, so the yardstick maximization exploitation of existing ship type has the limit,《Steel seagoing vessel enters level rule Model》One grade of the range scale highest checked for ship load is 350 meters<Length L<500 meters.

In addition, existing large-scale floating structure waterborne also has semisubmersible platform, it is typical small-waterplane-area floating structure.Such as U.S. Compatriots are on marine tender in the patent of invention of China, publication number CN1269759A.Its offshore oil partly latent that will be commonly used Formula platform structure form maximizes.Because the body of floating downward of semi-submersible structure is located at away from the water below standing level certain depth, with Column floating body (because the natural heaving period of small-waterplane-area floating body is more than the spectral peak cycle of ocean wave, resonance is avoided, so, Make it have preferable sea-keeping) upwards stretch out couple with the scope of operation, its scope of operation is positioned beyond the height for being applicable waters maximum wave height On degree, thus make total height of the platform from floating body to the scope of operation very big, it is huge and heavy, build with use cost very Height, meanwhile, its drinking water is very deep, is unsuitable for using in the shallower waters of depth.Further, since the original that small-waterplane-area floading condition is stable Reason determines that its drinking water, motion and change of the floading condition to load are very sensitive, so the ballast and phase of complexity must be configured The control system answered, and whether the integrality of the system and normal operation have fatal influence to the security of platform.This knot Structure is used for middle-size and small-size platform, there is feasibility economically in the petroleum industry of high production；And it is big more than 130 meters to be used for yardstick Type floating structure, then it is difficult economically the reasonability for accomplishing efficiency-cost ratio, does not put into practice so far.In addition, semisubmersible platform Its center of gravity is very high when lower floating body emerges, and does not possess the stability requirement under high sea situation, and the shifting boat being only applicable under small sea situation is made Industry.

Ballast tank is indispensable for above-mentioned ship and floating ocean platform, and the effect of the system is：According to large-scale The operating mode that floating structure loads, is injected or is discharged ballast water, to reach following mesh to large-scale floating structure associated ballast tank 's：Adjust the draft and floading condition of large-scale floating structure, and the metacentric height of safety；Correct the stress point of unbalanced loading Cloth, in order to avoid cause excessive bending moment and shearing force；Improve airworthiness.With the species, purposes and ton of large-scale floating structure The difference of position, position of the ballast tank on large-scale floating structure, size and number are also different.The ballast water capacity of freighter typically constitutes from The 50%~70% of cargo carrying capacity；The oil cargo tank of oil carrier can double as ballast tank, and some also sets sagregated ballast tanker, ballast water capacity Account for the 40%~60% of Cargo Oil amount；Semisubmersible platform clean ballast capacity is bigger, is several times as much as maximum variable load.It is in addition, all big The metancenter of type ship and ocean platform height (GM values) very little, it is unloaded and fully loaded between drinking water change very greatly, absorbed water when unloaded Very shallow, center of gravity is very high, and stability is difficult to meet code requirement, it is necessary to carries out ballast by substantial amounts of ballast water.Ballast tank The real core cabin of filling must not be used.Why the security of existing various ships and floating structure platform is all limited (including structure safety and human life's safety), because their buoyancy is provided by empty cabin, full load, ballast tank one Denier is unexpected damaged, there is the risk toppled and sunk.

At present, the stability of the related specifications of ship and ocean platform, which is checked, includes intact stability check and damage stability school Core, also, the effect of maximum transversal wind heeling moment is only individually checked, the synthesis of wind, wave or other factorses is not examined, to the greatest extent The probability that pipe such case occurs is not small.Because the maximum resistance to capsizing of conventional floating structure is very limited, if ripple Type immobilizes (during such as following sea) relative to hull, and quiet unstable state occurs in hull, triggers the danger toppled.In addition, Under extreme conditions, for example collide, hit a submerged reef, be stranded, when goods largely shifts, local damage, buoyancy loss, whole occurs in structure Body structural stress field changes and floading condition changes；Above-mentioned change will cause to aggravate into water, so that floating structure integrally produces more Serious water inlet, stress variation and more severe floading condition；Said process persistent loop, most causes floating structure integrally to incline at last Cover, be broken, disintegrating so that sinking.Existing safety standard typically can only also limit the breakage of adjacent two cabin and not topple, once occur more Big breakage, the consequence to turn over and sink are difficult to avoid.

In the prior art, the truss type platform of Mr.'s Yuan Xiaoji invention in also 2004, it is proposed that a kind of span is greatly, certainly Weight is small, can in operating environment it is stable, in high sea safety, structure and operation compared with it is simple, wave force is small, drift resistance Small floating structure waterborne, solves the technical barrier that floating structure waterborne can maximize.Its problem is, in the invention Operation at sea face and lower float rigidity of structure gap are larger so that the utilization rate of material is relatively low；Connection among in the invention Bar does not provide buoyancy so that the stability at large angle also existing defects under the stability of floating structure, especially extreme condition；The invention In structure the nodes of substantial amounts be present, the defects of structure safety management be present, its security is also limited, extreme Under condition operating modes such as () colliding, hit a submerged reef, be stranded, although can meet that every weighing apparatus of specification is accurate, its security still suffers from uncertainty, For example floating structure integrally topples and turned over and sunk.

Put it briefly, in the prior art, large-scale floating structure there are three kinds of typical technology candidate schemes, one is using general Logical flood line-surface structure, such as large ship, its problem is the increment that seaway load increases with yardstick, more than the increasing of structural strength Amount, its principal dimensions, close to the limit, there is gene traits deficiency, principal dimensions at 400 meters or so in very large floating structures engineering It can be restricted.The second is using small-waterplane-area structure, such as semisubmersible platform, its problem is to conduct oneself with dignity more greatly, structurally and operationally more Complexity, cost is higher, and it absorbs water, motion and change of the floading condition to load are very sensitive, pacifies in anticollision, damage stability etc. Full property is poor.The third is using truss type platform, solves the problems, such as floating structure " maximization ", but its problem is structural strength point Cloth existing defects, do not solve the anti-overturning under extreme condition.As can be seen here, the development of floating structure technology waterborne, it is desirable to Explore yardstick large, in operation sea situation it is stable, in high sea safety, structure and operation is relatively simple, wave force It is small, drift resistance is small, particularly have the structure type of sufficiently large Safety Redundancy to adverse circumstances and contingency.

In marine environment, through counting about 30 meters of maximum wave height being likely to occur, corresponding about 500 to 600 meters of maximum wavelength (T ≈ 20s), in fact it could happen that maximum wave steepness about 1/7, wind-force is up to 17 grades.By taking conventional large ship as an example, extreme vessel breadth about 50 Rice, about 60 meters of moldeed depth, about 35 meters of height of C.G., when in stormy waves environment power failure occurs for ship, can cause to lose the speed of a ship or plane and Bow now necessarily occurs athwart sea state, under the collective effect of stormy waves, will appear from huge lateral oscillation to control ability, The danger toppled can be caused.

Ship causes Ship's Sinking or toppled, often result in ship it may also happen that the contingency such as collide, hit a submerged reef, be stranded Human life on oceangoing ship is on the hazard safely.For example, on January 13rd, 2012, " song poem reaches Concorde " cruise is in Italy because touching Reef causes to topple, and causes 32 people dead.On 2 3rd, 2006, Egyptian " A Ersa Farnhams win casio 98 " passenger steamer existed Red sea waters is sunk, and causes 190 people wrecked, nearly 800 people is missing.On September 26th, 2002, Senegal's " Qiao's drawing number " topples, and makes Into more than 700 people death.

Maritime safety generally can be divided into following two class shapes or system：1st, the structure safety of offshore structures, structure safety Refer to that the structure of works still keeps complete, firm ability under the effect of various external force, pay close attention to structural strength, anti-tired Labor, anti-sinking and stability etc., it can be audited by classification society with specification or the believable specification that directly calculates；2nd, the peace of life at sea Entirely, for the purpose of ensureing personnel's life security, subdivision, stability is paid close attention to, electromechanical equipment, prevents fires, escape lifesaving and wireless telecommunications Deng.International convention can be organized to set up by world maritime, be made laws by signatories to a treaty's maritime sector, decree and specification are supervised.

The security of existing various ships and floating structure platform is all that limited (including structure safety and human life pacify Entirely).Because their buoyancy is provided by empty cabin, once there is a certain degree of unexpected damaged or human users error, It there is the risk toppled and sunk；It is unloaded and be fully loaded with it in addition, metancenter height all very littles of all large ships and ocean platform Between drinking water change very greatly, when unloaded drinking water it is very shallow, center of gravity is very high, and stability can not meet code requirement, it is necessary to pressurize Carry Water Ballast.Buoyancy module must have the function of cargo hold or ballast tank concurrently simultaneously, must not use real core cabin.Therefore, Part damage can cause loss of buoyancy and stability to detract, and large scale damage asymmetric loss of buoyancy necessarily occurs, causes to turn over and sink. In addition, hit a submerged reef, be stranded, bow makes floating structure have the risk toppled to the contingency such as out of control.

Generally, above-mentioned ship of the prior art, semisubmersible platform, truss type platform, safety is being met Under conditions of specification, there are still under extreme environment and super anticipated conditions structure integrally topple, sink and how to ensure The hidden danger of human life's safety thereon.How deterministically to ensure that floating structure does not turn over and sink, and then ensure personnel on floating structure Life security, be a still unsolved global problem.

The content of the invention

A main purpose of the present utility model is at least one defect for overcoming above-mentioned prior art, there is provided Yi Zhong It is waterborne can in operating environment can large, there is the floating structure of good sea-keeping and stability.

Another main purpose of the present utility model is at least one defect for overcoming above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of Can under conditions of principal dimensions large is realized, under foreseeable extreme natural environmental condition and extreme emergency conditions, The floating structure waterborne for the high safety for still ensure that floating structure waterborne is overall effectively, not toppling, not sinking.

The utility model embodiment proposes a kind of large-scale floating structure waterborne, including the more floating bodies in bottom, superstructure and in Between attachment structure；The more floating bodies in bottom include the strip floating body of three level above arrangements, and each floating body is spaced apart, respectively Floating body displacement of volume sum is more than the displacement of volume during floating structure full load condition waterborne；The superstructure is framework knot Structure or body structure；The intermediate connection structure comprises at least the attachment structure of first direction, the first direction and level Intersect in face；The attachment structure of the first direction includes multiple floating bodies upwardly extended, the attachment structure pair of the first direction The single strip floating body is answered to be connected with more than three, each floating body of the attachment structure of the first direction is in the horizontal direction Cross-sectional width is respectively less than the width of the corresponding strip floating body；The intermediate connection structure and the more floating bodies in the bottom and institute State superstructure interconnection.

According to an embodiment, the outer profile size of the more floating bodies in bottom is at least more than 150 meters in one direction.

According to an embodiment, the maximum height size of the single floating body section in the more floating bodies in bottom is less than suitable water The 1/2 of domain maximum wave height size, greatest width dimension are not more than 2 times of section maximum height size；More floating bodies are each adjacent Clear spacing between floating body is more than 0.5 times of the section width size for the floating body that width dimensions are larger in two neighboring floating body.

According to an embodiment, the cumulative volume of each floating body is less than floating structure full load full weight in the more floating bodies in bottom 2 times of equivalent water volume.

According to an embodiment, the more floating bodies in bottom of the large-scale floating structure waterborne, length in the horizontal direction and Width distribution size is equal to or more than during the floating structure zero load waterborne 4 times of centroidal distance standing level height.

According to an embodiment, the floating structure waterborne is provided with drive device and direction-control apparatus.

According to an embodiment, in the more floating bodies in bottom positioned at outside part floating body be internally formed multiple watertights every Cabin, or internal light filling nonabsorbent material, the displacement of volume sum of above-mentioned part floating body are more than the floating structure full load Equivalent water volume；And/or the intermediate connection structure be located at outside part floating body be internally formed multiple watertights every Cabin, or internal light filling nonabsorbent material.

According to an embodiment, under the global sections product in the attachment structure horizontal direction of the first direction is about described The 10% to 30% of the hydrostatic water line area of the more floating bodies in portion.

According to an embodiment, the more floating bodies in bottom are in super large Area of Water Plan form.

On the other hand, the utility model embodiment proposes, the module based on foregoing single large-scale floating structure waterborne, Two basic modules are once connected, and can both form yardstick 800m to 1600 meters of moveable ultra-large type marine floating type Works (Very Large Floating Structure, VLFS).

As shown from the above technical solution, the utility model embodiment provides the principle of large-scale floating structure waterborne and beneficial Effect is：

1st, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment can maximize (small bore floating body has nonlinear response characteristics, Seaway load can be reduced).Reference picture 11, pass through the analysis to calculating and experimental result, it is found that the utility model is implemented The floating structure of example is when wave wave amplitude is smaller, i.e., when wave does not cross floating body, wave bending moment and linear frequency domain wave bending moment Value it is essentially identical；When wave wave amplitude is larger, i.e., after wave crosses floating body, the amplification of wave bending moment is gradual with the increase of wave height Slow down, show more obvious non-linear response characteristic, in limit wave height, have compared with the moment of flexure of linear water waves response big Amplitude reduces.Advantage is provided for floating structure maximization.

2nd, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses fabulous sea-keeping, and principal dimensions is more than the corresponding spectral peak cycle Common wavelength；The heaving cycle was approximately less than equal to 5 seconds, much smaller than the spectral peak cycle of wave, so being not in resonance (resonance).

3rd, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses big bearing capacity, Mr.'s Yuan Xiaoji invention in compared to 2004 Patent, floating body spacing is reduced, 0.5 times of spacing is narrowed down to by one times of spacing, remain to possess the feature for reducing seaway load, there is provided Specific material and chart-Figure 12, therefore, under same width conditions, can arrange more floating bodies, bigger so as to obtain Bearing capacity.

4th, the floating structure bottom of the utility model embodiment is the more float structures of strip and dispersed placement, structure width are eaten Water is very bigger than B/d, and has very big Area of Water Plan the moment of inertia, and overall equivalent cross section is in super tabular morphology, and it is horizontal steady Property radius it is very big, metancenter height (GM values) more conventional structure has the increase of the order of magnitude.Due to intermediate structure in the utility model With certain Area of Water Plan and displacement of volume, in wide-angle tilt, intermediate structure can enter water, there is provided buoyancy and restoring force Square；Therefore, even if superposition on floating structure, can also keep reliable anti-simultaneously by wind, wave and other heel factors Topple ability.

5th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses " absolute insubmersibility ", mainly using class reality core buoyancy module come real Existing, the displacement of volume sum of class reality core buoyancy module is more than the equivalent water volume of the floating structure full load.

6th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses " absolutely not toppling " feature, using overall super tabular morphology, The stable triangle formed in structure.

7th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses the multiple redundancy of overall structural integrity, intermediate connection structure With multiple scattered multiple floating bodies in structural elements connection bottom and superstructure.When local structural failure, overall structure will not Failure.

8th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses the structure type of " raising stock utilization ", superstructure and The overall structure types of the more floating bodies of intermediate connection structure and bottom, it is analogous to higher I-shaped of structural strength material use efficiency Section.

9th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment is unloaded and full-load draft varies less, and has very big transverse direction steady The heart is high, without configuring the conventional ballast tanks of Large Copacity.

10th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses good survival ability in storm environment.Because this is floating After the width of formula structure possesses certain yardstick, and Transverse Metacenter reaches certain numerical value, wind heeling moment and wave go all out square etc. respectively When kind unfavorable factor synthesis is applied in overall structure, enough stabilities are still ensured that.Under extreme unfavorable conditions, even if losing Power, automatically becomes athwart sea state, and structure integrally still ensures that safety.(ship does not possess this point, can only be by adjustment bow to meeting Wave just can guarantee that safety).

11st, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment possesses wave shadowing effect, forms good berthing condition waterborne, Floating structure overall dimension is big, and scattered floating body possesses wave absorption characteristic, in the leeward of structure and carries on the back unrestrained side formation larger area Quiet unrestrained region, structure possesses good stability, can provide sufficiently large mooring restriction ability, it is possible to provide ship is direct in itself The condition of berthing.

12nd, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment substantially increases human development and the ability using ocean.Due to Large scale, big bearing capacity, high stability, high security, one " marine land " is in fact provided, makes further types of land Base technology, equipment, operating method and personnel can conveniently be transplanted to operation on the sea, relative to traditional ship and existing For ocean platform technology, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the bigger stronger carrying ability that normal shipboard and ocean platform can not provide.

13rd, motion very little of the floating structure of the utility model embodiment in wave, while to floading condition caused by unbalance loading Change is smaller, therefore advantageously reduces the difficulty of (simplification) cargo distribution and colligation, improves efficiency of loading, due to large scale, greatly The characteristics of bearing capacity, high stability, make it that floating structure is insensitive to uneven load -- unbalance loading tilts smaller.Compared to ship Load, it is desirable to substantially reduce, simplify operational procedure, reduce cost.

14th, the floating structure of the utility model embodiment has good navigation performance and maneuvering performance, big in principal dimensions Under the precondition that body phase is worked as, there is more shallow drinking water, smaller resistance, to obtain relative to barge container, semisubmersible platform The higher speed of a ship or plane, more preferable navigation stability and by property and extremely strong bow to controling power.It can be readily available and hide platform The basic speed of a ship or plane of 8 to 10 sections needed for wind.It also according to the needs for changing seaway load, can effectively adjust the phase of platform and wave Meet angle.

15th, the more floating bodies of the strip of small bore dispersed placement, floating body quantity more in displacement under the same conditions, monomer Sectional area is smaller.When floating body cross section scale is much smaller than maximum wave height, the linear theory of conventional seaway load analysis is just uncomfortable With, according to the theory, high square directly proportional of the Long-term prediction of floating body and wave.And the floating of the utility model embodiment In billow, part wave can be crossed above floating body structure, can depart from wave (see Fig. 2) below the floating body of part, and now, wave carries Lotus no longer following sea height increases and increased dramatically.Nonlinear response (see Figure 11) of the floating body load to unrestrained High variation occurs, can make The limiting value of load response significantly reduces.Meanwhile small floating body dispersed placement is for reducing the " attached of floating body heaving state Quality " has the effect of uniqueness.And the effect shows (see Figure 12) when each floating body spacing is more than 0.5D.Reference picture 12, cylindrical bars Without spacing and when having more than 0.5 meter spacing between shape floating body, situation that heaving additional mass changes with the circular frequency of vibration can See, continuously moment ratio have spacing scattered more floating body values will be big it is more, this species diversity is no longer obvious with spacing increase after 0.5D Change.

Above-mentioned effect makes the floating structure of the utility model embodiment in billow, and the response of total seaway load is significantly dropped Low, the maximization that conventional yardstick is broken through for float structure is laid a good foundation.With the increase of platform principal dimensions, it can also make this practicality The sea-keeping of the floating structure of new embodiment is greatly improved, and motor imagination of the floating body in wave can again reduced.It can also make The inertia force load of float structure significantly reduces.

16th, another feature of more floating bodies is the Area of Water Plan for having super large, and each floating body dispersed placement, it is unloaded and Full-load draft varies less, and the influence to stability can be ignored.Therefore, can allow not enter the corresponding lightweight of more floating bodies progress The real coreization filling of water material.Realize that even if floating body shell is damaged, it is also not possible to buoyancy detraction occur, make any damage stability all Roughly equal to intact stability.

17th, one of main function of superstructure is it is used to the more floating body cross-sectional areas in bottom to floating structure cross section Property square contribution it is roughly the same, make the distribution of overall strong structure more rational；The two of effect are to provide the operation at sea of large space Cabin and the upper surface deck of large area.Superstructure can use two kinds of space frame structure and casing (conventional plate shell) structure Mode is realized.Space frame structure refers to be connected with each other in a manner of rigid connection by beam and column, forms the structure of bearing system, by beam and Post resists the various load occurred during use jointly.The use of space frame structure make it that superstructure design is more flexible Property, while structure global design difficulty is greatly reduced.

18th, floating structure waterborne possesses very high security.

Due to forming overall super flat indeterminate space combination structures using the more floating bodies of distributing, while more floating bodies are super Flood line-surface structure, along with the more floating bodies in bottom can light filling nonabsorbent material, it is therefore, in terms of general structure intensity and steady Property aspect have reliable redundancy.It can accomplish that partial structurtes damage does not interfere with overall structure safety；Meanwhile partial structurtes are damaged Chain reaction will not be produced, causes the overall continuous destruction of floating structure；Possesses higher security.Floating structure waterborne is generally Super flat pattern, by the multiple for proposing horizontal direction yardstick and structural focus to the distance of hydrostatic water line so that overall knot Structure has great metacentric height (2 to 3 orders of magnitude big compared with industry standard) and great righting arm, under extreme conditions still It can ensure not topple, it is possible to provide deterministic underlying security.

19th, spot ship and ocean platform resistance to capsizing are limited, cause the external effect toppled and artificial behaviour It is all random to slip up, and can only be handled with the method for probability.And the utility model using super flat space structure, can real core The structures such as more floating bodies, the intermediate connection structure that can provide reserve buoyancy combine, and ensure in least favorable sea situation and " extreme accident bar Resistance to capsizing under part ".Realize anti-heavy, change of the resistance to capsizing by " probability " to " certainty ".For ship with The most basic safety standard of ocean platform particularly human life's safety standard, can be that reference is carried out with the related specification in land Large-scale adjustment, simplify and exempt, revolution can be produced to mankind's Activities of Ocean and sexually revised.

In a word, the utility model floating structure waterborne is mainly characterized by：Seaway load is small, yardstick is big, bearing capacity is big, drinking water It is shallow, sea-keeping is good, safe, and big working space can be formed.

Term is explained：

" strip floating body " refers to the watertight housings that longitudinal direction size is much larger than cross direction dimension.It is to floating structure waterborne Necessary buoyancy is provided, so-called necessary buoyancy, refers to enable to floating structure to float on buoyancy required on the water surface.

" attachment structure of the first direction includes multiple offer storages upwardly extended in " reserve buoyancy " the utility model " reserve buoyancy " in the floating body of standby buoyancy ", refer to when extreme wide-angle tilt occurs in floating structure, first direction connection knot The floating body of structure enters water, it is possible to provide certain Area of Water Plan and buoyancy, due to its larger dispersion distance, it is had again larger Righting arm, great restoring moment can be provided.

" super large Area of Water Plan form "：Refer to the big waterline area shapes of dispersed placement.Area of Water Plan form is this practicality A new key character, in ocean engineering field, there is no being specifically defined for Area of Water Plan form, in the utility model at present Described Area of Water Plan form be concerned between total Area of Water Plan and total displacement relation (it be directly connected to it is unloaded with it is full Carry floating structure drinking water change size), and Area of Water Plan distribution load distribution between relation (it is directly connected to dress Carry the size of distribution and floading condition change), and then can be important to the response of stability, floating structure to load change and sea-keeping etc. Characteristic impacts.For custom, ocean engineering field thinks that normal shipboard is typical flood line-surface structure, its architectural feature In big waterline area shapes；And " small-waterplane-area structure " be for normal shipboard big waterline area shapes feature and non-specific water Line area data makes a distinction, for example semisubmersible platform is typical small-waterplane-area structure；" super large water of the present utility model Line area shapes " are also for the big waterline area shapes of normal shipboard, and the drinking water of the utility model float structure becomes Change is much smaller than normal shipboard and floating body dispersed placement, and in order to make difference with normal shipboard, this feature is referred to as into super large waterline Area shapes.In addition, the heaving of " super large Area of Water Plan form " floating structure, the natural period of roll and pitch are much smaller than most Wave spectral peak cycle during big sea situation.

" full load condition " refers to state during floating structure maximum load waterborne.

" superstructure " refers in order to form the remote water surface set needed for the overall structure of floating structure waterborne, in normal shape The space structure part touched by wave is not allowed under state in high sea.Superstructure can be frame structure or casing knot Structure.Its top can be deck, can be Working cabin, accommodation, various functions cabin etc. inside it.

" maximum wave height "：Different waters maximum wave heights is different, and the statistics in identical waters is also not quite similar.This Maximum wave height described in utility model refers to, is applicable maximum wave height maximum shown in each design reference document in waters.

" lightweight nonabsorbent material "：Refer to the material that proportion is lighter than water and water absorption rate is very low.

After floating body is filled up with it, any damage of floating body will not lost buoyancy, therefore, damage stability is substantially equal to complete Stability.

It is peculiar that what " extreme emergency conditions " referred to that floating structure waterborne is likely encountered have the collision of record, hit a submerged reef, be stranded etc. Situation.

It should be noted that for the operating mode such as fire and blast, although it equally has a strong impact on the knot of floating structure waterborne Structure safety and the safety of personnel, but not specific to float structure, in the utility model, foreclosed thereon.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the forward sight cross-sectional view of the medium-and-large-sized floating structure waterborne of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic view of the medium-and-large-sized floating structure waterborne of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the top view cross section structural representation of the medium-and-large-sized floating structure waterborne of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the number of the test of toppling when the medium-and-large-sized floating structure column waterborne of the utility model embodiment does not provide buoyancy According to；

Fig. 5 is the number of the test of toppling when the medium-and-large-sized floating structure column waterborne of the utility model embodiment provides buoyancy According to；

Fig. 6 is the Large marine floating platform forward sight according to the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment Cross-sectional view；

Fig. 7 is the Large marine floating platform side view according to the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment Structural representation；

Fig. 8 is overlooked according to the Large marine floating platform of the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment Cross-sectional view；

Fig. 9 is the ripple for being laterally disposed in wave for entirety according to the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment Stability analysis schematic diagram on face；

Figure 10 be according to the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment be stranded situation under stability Analyze schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is to carry out showing for seaway load analysis according to the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment It is intended to；

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that heaving analysis is carried out according to the medium-and-large-sized floating structure example waterborne of the utility model embodiment.

Embodiment

Embodying the exemplary embodiments of the utility model features and advantages will describe in detail in the following description.It should be understood that It is that the utility model can have various changes in different embodiments, it does not all depart from the scope of the utility model, and Explanation and diagram therein are treated as purposes of discussion in itself, and are not used to limit the utility model.

The utility model embodiment proposes a kind of ultra-large type offshore floating type structure, can be floating type comprehensive coverage base, It is available for various ships directly to moor to lean on, deck can be equipped with large-scale loading mechanization, there is provided handling, transhipment and store function.Its basic model State selection is super flat space structure, mainly including superstructure, the more floating bodies of intermediate connection structure and bottom.This is to be different from The brand-new floating body type of all ships and ocean platform.

Fig. 1 is the forward sight cross-sectional view of the medium-and-large-sized floating structure waterborne of the utility model embodiment；Fig. 2 is this reality With the side structure schematic view of the medium-and-large-sized floating structure waterborne of new embodiment；Fig. 3 is the medium-and-large-sized water of the utility model embodiment The top view cross section structural representation of floating type structure.Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 3, the utility model embodiment it is large-scale waterborne floating Formula structure mainly includes superstructure 1, the more floating bodies 3 of intermediate connection structure 2 and bottom.The floating structure waterborne is in the horizontal direction Length (L) and width (B), can reach during equal to or more than floating structure zero load waterborne centroidal distance standing level height (H) 4 times, be integrally a kind of flat profile, ensure that floating structure waterborne has good " stability ".

The upper and lower surface of superstructure 1 is upper lower decks, can also increase between deck.Upper lower decks participates in overall Structure stress.Can be the rigid structure that frame structure is realized in an embodiment of superstructure 1 referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, Numerous cabins have been could be alternatively formed in superstructure 1.

Frame structure, which refers to be connected by beam and column, to be formed, and is formed the structure of bearing system, i.e., is formed framework by beam and column The horizontal load and vertical load occurred during common resistance use.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, in the exemplary embodiment, in the height direction, list is may be designed as in superstructure 1 Layer distribution or at least two layers of Multi-layers distributing.And numerous cabins can be arranged in each layering, ship cabin arrangement mode can be according to function Demand is arranged.Wherein each cabin primary structural support can be at least three vertical columns, and the company that top is horizontal Beam is connect, tie-beam can be respectively in top or bottom connection column.It is attached between crossbeam and column using connector, such as Dichotomous casing joint.Can be between each part be welded to connect, riveting, bolt connection or quick clamping.In this way, by horizontal stroke Beam and column form main rock-steady structure supporter.Certainly, rod-type diagonal brace or truss can also be increased between crossbeam and column Formula supporting construction, so that the overall structure of superstructure 1 reaches the requirement of safety classes of structure.

Further, in superstructure 1 can by crossbeam and column or other flow resistance of rod-support structure composition rigidity supporting structures, than Such as the room constituted mode with reference to building, close to form each functional cabin using sheet material.Because wallboard is non-load-carrying construction, Light weight board can be selected, for example, aluminum honeycomb panel, composite rock wool slab, lightgage steel joist assembled wall etc..But preferably have in selection The sheet material of flame retardant effect.Top plate and floor can be selected steel plate or it is other can bearing plate.

It should be appreciated that the post and beam structure of superstructure 1 can be reach safety classes of structure requirement any Post and beam structure type.For example, multiple vertical or transverse truss formula supporting constructions can be utilized, composition forms superstructure 1, while it is separated out numerous functional cabins.

When the frame structure mode formed using spatial beam-column is to realize superstructure, the structure design of superstructure 1 The free degree (or flexibility) relative to traditional ship with that will be greatly increased for water floating body structure design, top functional cabin Design arrangement can flexibly change.Superstructure 1 is transformed leeway and will greatly increased, main load-carrying construction be beam, post and its It supports (being possible to not have), and remaining component (upper lower roof plate of partition member, Working cabin between Working cabin etc.) can be set Non-principal load-carrying construction is calculated as, local function load is subjected only to and is not involved in floating structure overall structure stress waterborne.Due to Above-mentioned characteristic, the non-principal load-carrying construction of floating structure waterborne can arbitrarily be changed on the premise of local function load is met Without influenceing overall structure stress；Non-principal load-carrying construction is it is also contemplated that use nonmetallic materials so that anticorrosion is greatly lowered Cost；Non-principal load-carrying construction by the way of (non-solder) is assembled it is also contemplated that be connected on main load-carrying construction.

And may also provide in another embodiment for superstructure 1, can be the rigid structural layer of body structure composition, mainly Load-carrying construction is space slab and girder, and the component such as transverse bulkhead, longitudinal girder in cabin, the upper lower decks for forming cabin is generally The calculating of longitudinal strength is participated in as force structure component.

Body structure referred herein, the space case structure that the plate mutually constrained with polylith forms, each block of plate are held By local load, distributed moment undetermined is born on four sides.

For example, superstructure 1 can be tied by the space-bin that deck, leg and some vertical and horizontal bulkheads form Structure.Its deck can have several layers of, such as main deck, between deck, lower decks.The main body of superstructure 1 can be designed as having storage Standby buoyancy, the i.e. main body of superstructure 1 are watertight or have certain watertightness.The main body of superstructure 1 can be an entirety The assembly of body structure or several box structures in length and breadth, such as sphere of movements for the elephants shape, " well " font, " △ " font.

For example, the structure of superstructure 1 may be selected using mixed matrix form in length and breadth, in each region, the main direction to beam is not Together, horizontal cloth is all used both perpendicular to the main strong frame that distance is set into beam length direction and is not waited, all major lateral skeletons Put, all inwalls use vertical stiffener.Because frame structure is spot ship or the conventional knot in offshore floating type structure cabin Configuration formula, therefore, it will not be repeated here.

It should be appreciated that the superstructure 1 also may be selected by body structure and two kinds of matched combineds of tower structure Form.For example vertical or horizontal plate-girder is added in tower structure, further to improve structural strength.Can certainly be in case In structure based on body structure, add various columns and crossbeam and strengthened.The middle part of superstructure 1 uses frame-type knot for another example Structure, and periphery and or bottom use body structure.

On the overall maximum wave height using waters of superstructure 1 of the utility model embodiment, and in superstructure 1 The multiple cabins formed are chosen as salable cabin, if under the cabin structure situation of Multilayer partition, the cabin at least below middle part Room is sealing under normal circumstances, can refer to current cabin structure.So, if running into extreme case, the more floating bodies 3 in bottom lose During effect, superstructure 1 remains to keep from floating.

Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 2, in an embodiment of intermediate connection structure 2, include the attachment structure of first direction 21, first direction intersects with horizontal plane, and the attachment structure 21 of first direction includes multiple spaced floating bodies, can be regarded as The upward extension of more floating bodies, this part of floating body belong to specific function floating body, under extreme conditions, when floating structure integrally occurs During extreme wide-angle tilt, multiple spaced floating bodies that the attachment structure 21 of first direction includes are immersed in the water, it is possible to provide Reserve buoyancy, it is overall to produce larger restoring moment because righting arm is very long, it can cause floating structure integrally possesses more may be used The stability leaned on.

For example, according to current design calculating and experimental data, when the cross section of the attachment structure 21 of first direction Area sum, more than 5% of Area of Water Plan at the more hydrostatic drinking water of floating body 3 in bottom, also, the attachment structure of outermost first direction 21 to the distance of floating structure center of gravity be more than twice of floating structure distance of centre of gravity water surface distance when, the total restoring moment energy of floating structure It is enough to be more than the maximum tilting moment that floating structure is subject under the synergy such as the wind being likely to occur, wave, floating structure can be made With the security do not toppled.

Multiple floating bodies of the attachment structure 21 of first direction described in the utility model embodiment, can intersect at the water surface Multiple float type attachment structures, the width in these float type attachment structures section in the horizontal plane is less than connected floating drum 31 Waterline breadth, described " width " refer to the size on the length direction of floating drum 31 of strip.The connection knot of first direction Multiple floating bodies of structure 21 can be the hollow attachment structure extended above and below high column structure, or flat chip；Simply in this practicality In new embodiment, multiple floating bodies of the attachment structure 21 of first direction are spaced, so that wave passes through, reduce floating The external load that structure is integrally born, to ensure safety.Alleged multiple float type attachment structures in this section are it should be understood that refer to pair Single floating drum 31 is answered to be connected with more than three spaced float type attachment structures.

The attachment structure 21 of first direction may include multiple vertical columns, and column is hollow closed structure.Column is from outer Pillar type column and box type column, uiform section column and variable cross-section column can be divided into for shape.Most of column can be that uiform section circle is vertical Post, it can be square column to have minority.In present analysis, the embodiment of float type connection column, which has, bears the small advantage of external load, And support strength is preferable.Because the more floating bodies 3 in bottom include the floating drum 31 of the strip of multiple dispersed placements, the company of first direction Multiple column floating bodies of binding structure 21 can be distributed on multiple rows of, and often the upper each column of row is spaced apart, column Arrangement mode depend on the more floating bodies 3 in bottom in each floating drum 31 arrangement mode, in principle, multiple column intervals are connected to On each floating drum 31.The front side of column Yu the more junctions of floating body 3 of superstructure and bottom and rear side can be provided with lead angle connection Portion, lead angle connecting portion are hollow-core construction.Column can also use the box section of standard with the more junctions of floating body 3 of superstructure and bottom Point structure.Moreover, the transporting equipment such as elevator or stair can be also installed in column 21, to enter administrative staff or thing to superstructure The transport of money.

Shown in reference picture 4, when being that the attachment structure 21 of first direction does not provide buoyancy, floating structure waterborne carries out survey of toppling The data of examination, wherein, after Angle of Heel is more than 10 degree, floating structure righting arm waterborne can be from the occasion of rapid decrease, in heel After angle is more than 45 degree, righting arm can be changed into negative value, accelerate toppling for floating structure on the contrary.Wherein symbol description is as follows：

Shown in reference picture 5, the utility model embodiment float type attachment structure global sections product is about the more floating bodies 3 in bottom The 10% to 30% of hydrostatic water line area, it is ensured that the continuity that floating body is distributed upwards, an inclination maximum (side slat occurring Shape floating body all enters water) when righting arm still be on the occasion of.It ensure that under extreme case, floating structure waterborne remains to remain preferable Overturn-preventing.

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, in an embodiment of the more floating bodies 3 in bottom, the more floating bodies 3 in bottom include multiple strip floating drums 31, further, it may include the strip floating drum 31 of more than at least three or three, these strip floating drums 31 can be spaced a spacing From parallel arrangement.Total demand is that each floating body displacement of volume sum is more than the row during floating structure full load condition waterborne Water volume, to ensure that the floating structure waterborne is always located at the height of the more floating bodies 3 in bottom in Light Condition or full load condition, water line In the range of degree.The super large Water Plane floating structure insensitive to load change is embodied as with this, there is provided higher lifting capacity.

In embodiment as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, multiple strip floating drums 31 are with the longitudinal direction of longitudinal floating type structure downstream Arrangement, parallel arrangement spaced apart.Certainly, the more floating bodies 3 in bottom can be combined into variously-shaped different by multiple floating drums 31 Form, the floating body that can be also intersected in length and breadth by different shape forms the more floating bodies 3 in a bottom, only needs each floating drum 31 to reserve appropriate It is spaced to eliminate wave action.

Each floating drum 31 mainly can form watertight housings by multiple reinforcement structures in length and breadth and shell grillage.Structure needs to ensure Watertightness and intensity.The maximum height size of the single section of floating drum 31, which may be selected to be to be less than, is applicable the 1/ of waters maximum wave height size 2, greatest width dimension may be selected to be 2 times no more than section maximum height size；Between each adjacent floating drum 31 of the more floating bodies 3 in bottom Clear spacing may be selected to be 0.5 times of section width size of the floating drum 31 larger more than width dimensions in two neighboring floating body.

Floating body cumulative volume is small, and is dispersed into the more floating body relative to Design Wave for small size, is advantageous to reduce wave To the used load of floating structure.But the principal dimensions of the utility model floating structure is very big, big with respect to Area of Water Plan, floating body freeboard Very little, still provide enough righting couples.When the wave height of wave is significantly less than tubular floating body diameter, barrel buoy 31 is distributed Length can generally cross over multiple wavelength, and have multiple tubular floating bodies arranged side by side in the direction of the width.Numerous waves are to floating knot The active force of structure cancels each other, so floating structure obviously easily keeps good attitude stability.

Further, equivalent water of each displacement of volume sum of floating drum 31 selection equal to or less than floating structure full load full weight 2 times of volume.So that the quiet water line of floating structure waterborne is located substantially at each top half of floating drum 31.One kind selection is floating knot Displacement of volume corresponding to the changing load of structure is less than or equal to the 1/4 of the cumulative volume of each floating drum 31.Within this range, can tile More floating body as far as possible, increase floating structure load-carrying.

In specific embodiment as depicted, the more floating bodies 3 in bottom may include multiple bar shaped floating drums 31 being generally aligned in the same plane Though (in figure it is the floating body composition of same size in the same plane or various sizes of floating body forms, be not necessarily respectively positioned on same One plane), each diameter of floating drum 31 and same length, each floating drum 31 is spaced apart, and each floating drum 31 is with longitudinal side here It is spaced to along floating structure longitudinal direction, the quantity of floating drum 31 is 9 here, middle one, each 4 symmetrical cloth in both sides Put.The section of floating drum 31 can be circular, oval, square or other geometries.Certainly, each floating drum 31 can also size not One, such as, it is applied in combination with the floating drum 31 of different outer profile sizes, to avoid the identical Wave Response of size floating drum 31 or load Response is consistent, avoids stress concentration or resonance harm occurs.

Preferably lightweight nonabsorbent material 311, such as polystyrene are filled with several outermost floating drums 31 of more floating bodies Foamed plastics, in specific embodiment as depicted, 3 floating drums 31 are filled in left and right respectively, and it is floating to fill 6 31,6, floating drums altogether The gross buoyancy that cylinder 31 provides is about 1.1 times of the suitable displacement of whole floating structure deadweight.So that floating structure waterborne is touching In the case of hitting, hitting a submerged reef and cause floating body shell breakage, 6 filling floating drums 31 remain to not lose buoyancy so that floating structure waterborne Structure will not topple or sink because of floating body loss of buoyance, have very big practical value.

In addition, each floating body of the attachment structure 21 of first direction can also be filled with lightweight nonabsorbent material, to ensure it Breakage is not intake, and is remained to provide restoring moment, can be selected to be stuffed entirely with lightweight nonabsorbent material, may correspond to floating drum 31 situation, lightweight nonabsorbent material is simply filled with the float type attachment structure of outer circumferential side, can so be greatly improved The security of floating structure waterborne.

The large-scale floating structure waterborne of the utility model embodiment, attachment structure 21 and the more floating bodies in bottom of its first direction 3 coordinate, and form the change Water Plane float structure relative to wave, effectively reduce seaway load.The utility model embodiment is floated Formula structure only sets the attachment structure 21 of first direction, and the accessible water surface working space in big region can be formed between floating body.

In the utility model embodiment, floating structure waterborne, specifically can be equipped with drive device and direction-control apparatus Multiple propellers 4 are arranged on each floating drum 31, these propellers can be all-direction propeller.When needing to evade limit sea situation, Floating structure waterborne can be turned to and quick sailing, and the speed of a ship or plane can reach 10 sections；Multiple all-direction propeller synergy, can To realize dynamic positioning function.

The large-scale floating structure waterborne provided in the utility model embodiment, include the superstructure 1 of integral rigidity, it is middle The more floating bodies 3 of attachment structure 2 and bottom, can generally analogize to an I-shape cross section.Superstructure can be equivalent to I-shaped The top flange of shape section；The more floating bodies 3 in bottom are equivalent to the lower flange of I-shape cross section, and intermediate connection structure 2 is equivalent to I-shaped The web of section.By rational structure design, such as, the more cross-sectional areas of floating body 3 in bottom and the cross-sectional area pair of superstructure 1 The contribution of the cross section the moment of inertia of floating structure natural axis is roughly the same, the moment of inertia of the more sections itself of floating body 3 in bottom and on The moment of inertia of the section itself of portion's structure 1 is roughly the same, can float the natural axis design of this floating structure structure waterborne on the water Formula structure structure medium position so that superstructure 1, the more floating bodies 3 (steel) in bottom maximal efficiency play a role, with minimum Steel usage amount obtain maximum intensity (including resistance tensile, compressive, bending, the synergy such as cut, reverse), greatly improve structural wood Expect the utilization rate of (steel).

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, under the utility model provides a concrete application for example：

Example as shown in FIG., about 28 meters of the statistical value for the maximum wave height that the floating structure is likely to occur using marine site.This is floating Formula structure upper structure design is a body structure with three layers of deck, forms the strength deck of the floating structure.Citing For, as illustrated, the length of superstructure can be 600 meters, wide is 130 meters, highly can be 10 meters.7.8 ten thousand can be provided Square metre upper surface continuous deck, and 23.4 ten thousand square metres of upper chamber.

The more selections of floating bodies 3 in the bottom of the floating structure be provided with it is 9 same shapes, separate, be longitudinally arranged it is floating 31 (or strip floating bodies) of cylinder, buoyancy is provided for whole floating structure.For example, as illustrated, the more floating bodies 3 in bottom each float The cross section of cylinder 31 may be designed as identical band round rectangle, and each length of floating drum 31 can be 600 meters, highly can be 11.5 meters, Breadth Maximum can be 8.8 meters, and the spacing between floating drum 31 can be 6 meters.9 outward flange dispersions of distribution of floating drum 31 can be 130 meters, more Floating body provides about 546000 cubic metres of displacement of volume altogether.The Area of Water Plan sum of more floating bodies can be 47400 square metres.It is floating Formula structure maximum displacement is about 335000 tons, wherein, about 175000 tons of deadweight, about 185000 tons of design load amount.Work as place Drinking water when full load condition is designed is about 7.7 meters, and Light Draft is about 4.7 meters.Unloaded, full-load draft changes about 2.9 meters.It is empty Floating structure center of gravity G is about 23.4 meters apart from standing level height H during load.The length of more floating bodies of the floating structure in the horizontal direction 25 times, the distribution in width of centroidal distance standing level height when degree distributed dimension is equal to the floating structure zero load waterborne 5.56 times of centroidal distance standing level height when size is equal to the floating structure zero load waterborne.

When design ripple is a height of 22 meters (for revised sine wave), when wavelength is 621 meters, floating body is maximum always to indulge moment of flexure forecast Value is about 9.76E10NM.Midships section max architecture stress is about 220MP (allowable stress 320MP), structure overall deflection about 1/ 500, meet the condition of " rigid body ".

The attachment structure 21 of first direction is has the hollow column body of the rectangle at garden angle, and about 10 meters of its length, width are about 6 meters, about 28 meters of height.Its single cross-sectional area can be 60 square metres, and 12 first are equidistantly distributed with each strip floating body 21,9 floating bodies of attachment structure in direction share 108, and it is about 6048 square metres to amount to cross-sectional area, is more floating body Areas of Water Plan 13%.

The volume of the single floating drum 31 of the floating structure is 60720 cubic metres, and displacement of volume during floating structure full weight is 335000 cubic metres, so the inner space of outermost 6 floating drums 31 is stuffed entirely with into lightweight nonabsorbent material 311, it is arranged Water volume is about 364000 cubic metres, more than the equivalent water volume of floating structure full weight.

As shown in Figure 2, drive device and direction-control apparatus can be each provided with the bow and stern of each floating drum 31 4, can be as shown in the figure specifically each a set of electric propulsion full-rotating rudder paddle of bow afterbody, for example share 22.For carrying for floating structure For excellent driving power and omnidirectional's control ability.

Another embodiment (301)

1. summary

Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 give a kind of application of ultra-large type offshore floating type structure, and the floating structure is designed to applicable In sail, and the marine large-scale floating structure promoted by 18 sets of all-direction propellers 4, can be in outdoor upper deck or other first Plate loads large-sized object, helicopter, container etc., can also provide oil reserve, refrigerated goods deposit, personnel's living facilities Deng.

2. structure type

The floating structure overall construction design is three clearly demarcated parts (referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), i.e., superstructure 1, The intermediate connection structure 2 of the more floating bodies 3 in bottom, connection superstructure 1 and the more floating bodies 3 in bottom.

1) superstructure 1

The floating structure superstructure 1 is designed as a casing with the structure (from deck A to deck B) on two layers of deck Structure, form the strength deck of the floating structure.The length of superstructure 1 is 310 meters, wide 90 meters, can be provided smooth complete Logical upper deck, area are 27900 square metres, are berthed for large cargo and van container storage place, helicopter, outdoor activity Place (golf etc.) and goods stacking etc. temporarily.

Mainly it is disposed with superstructure 1：The local water base fire-fighting equipment room, auxiliary of centrifugal oil separator cabin, carbon dioxide cabin, cabin Machine equipment, cooling water tank, domestic fresh water cabin, potable water tank, windlass hydraulic pressure cabin, sewage-treatment plant room, bilge tank, rainwater are net Makeup is put between room, sea water desalinating unit room, sewage-treatment plant room, compressor room, hydraulic pump etc..

2) the more floating bodies 3 in bottom

The floating structure is provided with floating drum 31 9 same shapes, separate, streamlined contour, being longitudinally arranged, Buoyancy is provided for whole floating structure.The bottom each floating drum 31 of more floating bodies 3 is designed as identical water-drop-shaped cross section, each floating drum 31 length are 310 meters, are highly 7.5 meters, and Breadth Maximum is 5 meters, and floating body spacing is 5.5 meters.9 floating bodies provide 84500 altogether The displacement of ton, drinking water when in design full load condition is 6.0 meters, can provide 68000 tons of displacement.

A set of full-rotating rudder paddle is respectively set in the bow and stern of each floating drum 31, is the excellent drive of the offer of floating structure Dynamic power and direction controlling ability.

3) intermediate connecting mechanism 2

Intermediate connecting mechanism 2 mainly includes the attachment structure 21 of multiple first directions.Used between floating drum 31 and superstructure 1 The attachment structure 21 of first direction connects.The attachment structure 21 of first direction includes vertical column and inclined column, both Overall lattice supporting framework can also be formed.

3. main yardstick

Overall length	310m
		Length between perpendiculars	310m
Molded breadth	90m
		Moldeed depth	22.3m
Summer draft (type)	6m
		Scantling draft (type)	6m
Displacement (during summer draft)	~68000t

4. function

The structure type of this floating structure is designed as spatially distributed, can provide larger internal storage space and upper strata Floor space, it is possible to achieve extensive civil and specific use：

1) ship berthing (below ton), Multi Loading and Unloading Functions (lifting, rolling dress, conveyer belt handling) are provided.

2) Development of Islands construction condition guarantee is provided；The species of reliable oceangoing ship of mooring a boat includes：Public affair ship, supply vessel, cargo ship, Other supporting ships such as fishing boat, yacht.

3) material stock, sub-argument, transport function are provided, total class of goods may include：It is dry bulk cargo, container, rolling goods, big Between type structure, frozen goods etc..

4) power supply to island of berthing is provided, goods and materials provide, traffic transhipment (because coral island pile foundation construction is relatively difficult, Consider that the living conditions such as floating trestle form are supported.

5) provide and makeup function is carried out to marine ships：Supply fuel oil, fresh water, living material etc. can be supplemented, extends cruise Duty cycle, improve the cruise frequency and mobility.

6) provide to sea communication base station act on, increase signal of communication coverage, for sea police cruise right-safeguarding crewman and Surrounding sea areas operating personnel, fisherman provide communication convenience service.

7) navigation safety to operation on the sea crewman in the range of floating structure surrounding sea areas and islander is provided and rescue ensures Function：Medical centre, emergency rescue (helicopter, greyhound), rescue function are provided on floating structure.

8) offer sea police are sailed, and ship berthing is rested and reorganized in (entertainment body-building room), crewman is resident condition guarantee.

9) helicopter landing, communication, monitoring, radar, navigation, helicopter hangar (being arranged on deck) are provided.

5. principal character

The feature that the floating structure meets embodiment preferred scope is as follows：

1) the horizontally disposed 9 strip floating bodies of floating body under the floating structure, each adjacent floating body spacing are 5.5 meters.The floating knot The cumulative volume of each floating body of structure is 82400 cubic metres, is 66340 cubic metres more than full load displacement of volume.Tie on floating structure top Structure is box-structure, and intermediate connection structure includes vertical column, counterbracing (inclined pillar stand), transverse horizontal rod member and level Support the truss structure of composition.Above three structure division is interconnected to form overall indeterminate space structure.

2) the floating structure length is 310 meters, so meeting in embodiment in preferred scope outer profile size at least one It is more than 150 meters of this features on individual direction.

3) height of the single floating body of the floating structure is 7.5 meters, and width is 5.0 meters, and it is not low to be applicable waters maximum wave height In 23 meters, so the maximum height size for meeting single floating body section in preferred scope in embodiment, which is less than, is applicable waters maximum ripple The 1/2 of high size, greatest width dimension are not more than 2 times of feature of section maximum height size；Between net between adjacent floating body It is more than width in two neighboring floating body away from the clear spacing for 5.5 meters, met in embodiment in preferred scope between each adjacent floating body 0.5 times of the section width size of larger-size floating body this feature.

4) cumulative volume of each floating body of the floating structure is 82400 cubic metres, and full load displacement of volume is 66340 cubic metres, Meet each floating body in preferred scope in embodiment cumulative volume be less than 2 times of equivalent water volume of floating structure full load full weight this One feature.

5) the floating structure length is 310 meters (L), and width is 90 meters (B), centroidal distance standing level for 14.5 when unloaded Rice (H), there is above-described embodiment preferred scope reclaimed water floating type structure length in the horizontal direction and width distribution be equal to or 4 times of centroidal distance standing level height this features during more than floating structure zero load.

6) floating structure can be such that floating structure has from boat ability, and can lead to equipped with 18 all-direction propellers 4 The azimuth for crossing adjustment all-direction propeller 5 controls the course of floating structure.This point meets above-described embodiment preferred scope Described in floating structure waterborne drive device and direction-control apparatus this feature are installed.

7) volume of the single floating body of the floating structure is 9156 cubic metres, and displacement of volume during floating structure full weight is 66340 cubic metres, so the inner space of 8 floating bodies is stuffed entirely with into lightweight nonabsorbent material 311, its displacement of volume is big In the equivalent water volume of floating structure full weight, that is, meet the feature in above-described embodiment preferred scope.

For above-mentioned embodiment, it is described as follows：

A. the utility model proposes floating structure waterborne can have sizable general size.

Can be under the 4-5 level sea situations of routine work, wavelength length corresponding to the wave spectral peak cycle be less than about 100 meters, floating The rocking tendency of structure is mainly relevant with the ratio between wavelength and floating structure overall length, preferable in order to keep floating structure longitudinally to have Motor imagination, limit floating structure length direction yardstick and be more than 150 meters.So as to which floating structure can be with large-scale under operating environment Change, and stably.

Under extreme sea condition, Design Wave reaches 22 meters, and when wavelength is 621 meters, principal dimensions of the present utility model reaches 600 The floating structure waterborne of rice, which still ensures that, meets that every specification weighing apparatus is accurate, meanwhile, the condition of satisfaction " rigid body ".

B. the cumulative volume of the more floating bodies of floating structure waterborne, reserve buoyancy and the embodiment for absorbing water line position are illustrated.

Displacement of volume during due to requiring that each floating body displacement of volume sum is more than the floating structure full load condition waterborne, together When again limit the section yardstick of floating body, therefore, lower floating body is necessarily presented that total height is small, and quantity is more, generally tabular morphology Distribution, its Area of Water Plan will be much larger than normal shipboard and marine floating type platform.

Illustrate 2 times of the cumulative volumes of more floating bodies no more than the equivalent water volume of floating structure full load full weight waterborne.Cause This, floating structure full load waterborne, the reserve buoyancy of floating body is not more than 1 times of full weight.When floating body section is consistent, water line exists Within float scope；If reserve buoyancy is about 1 times of floating structure full weight waterborne, obvious water line is in floating body about 1/ At 2 height.Obviously, under changing load effect, compared to normal shipboard, the drinking water change of floating structure is much smaller；Due to normal Rule ship is flood line-surface structure, and for relatively conventional ship, floating structure of the present utility model is then " super large Water Plane " knot Structure.

C. the cumulative volume of floating body is dispersed on the floating body of multiple small volumes.

The maximum height size of single floating body section is illustrated less than being applicable the 1/2 of waters maximum wave height size, maximum is wide Spend 2 times that size is not more than section maximum height size；The clear spacing illustrated between each adjacent floating body of more floating body layers is more than phase 0.5 times of the section width size of the larger floating body of width dimensions in adjacent two floating bodies.Usual about 30 meters of maximum wave height, thus it is single The maximum height size of individual floating body section is not greater than about 15 meters, and greatest width dimension is no more than about 30 meters, between adjacent floating body Clear spacing is greater than about 15 meters.Floating body cross dimensions is small, and the volume of each floating body is just smaller, thus floating body should have certain overall length Degree and quantity, could have certain cumulative volume.Require that each floating body is dispersed placement simultaneously, the effect of floating body spacing is It is smooth to ensure that wave flows between floating body, to discharge the kinetic energy of wave.Single floating body section principal dimensions is illustrated much smaller than maximum During wave height principal dimensions (such as 0.5 times), in maximum wave height, part wave will extend over floating body, and part floating body will be disengaged from wave, wave Load no longer will linearly increase with the increase of wave height, i.e. response of the floating structure seaway load to wave height occurs non-linear existing As.The seaway load of floating structure during so as to which big wave is greatly lowered.In addition, quiet water line design is in floating body upper half Portion, in larger wave height, wave can cross floating body epithelium so that the buoyancy numerical value that floating body instantaneously loses and gravity numerical value not phase Deng the sinking (dive) of a certain degree of vertical direction must occur for floating body, can be only achieved new poised state, new equilibrium-like Under state, because the kinetic energy of wave can reduce with the increase of the depth of water, therefore, one will be entered for the relatively primitive state of seaway load Step reduces.

Meanwhile make it that floating structure integrally absorbs water very shallow for small floating body.Scattered floating body crosses floating body for wave and creates stream The condition of body motion.Simultaneously so that Area of Water Plan dispersed distribution, possess very big recuperability and restoring moment, can ensure Structure has preferable stability.When multiple small floating body dispersed placements, synergy, enough displacement of volumes can be provided and surpassed Big Area of Water Plan, so under conditions of same load-carrying, under unloaded and full-loading condition, drinking water varies less, and therefore, can have There is high stability, it may not be necessary to configure the ballast tank of Large Copacity.Strip floating body refers to elongated float structure, its one side Effect be that can turn into the integrally-built a part of stressed member of floating structure naturally, the effect of its another aspect is, favorably In reducing ship resistance, and ensure less wet structure length-width ratio under conditions of remain to realize the stability in course.

D. the attachment structure of the first direction in intermediate connection structure is float type attachment structure.

The attachment structure for illustrating the first direction in intermediate connection structure is float type attachment structure, there is provided deposit is floating Power, the continuity that floating body is distributed upwards is ensure that, the recuperability when there is unexpected high inclination-angle (side strip floating body all enters water) Arm still be on the occasion of.It ensure that under extreme case, floating structure waterborne remains to have sufficiently large stability Safety Redundancy, so as to which maintain can The resistance to capsizing leaned on.

E. the distribution yardstick of the large-scale floating structure waterborne in the horizontal direction is equal to or more than the floating knot waterborne 4 times of centroidal distance standing level distance during structure zero load.

Reference picture 9 to shown in Figure 10, large-scale floating structure waterborne length in the horizontal direction and width distribution be equal to or 4 times of centroidal distance standing level distance during more than the floating structure zero load waterborne.Be the equal of chi of the floating body in width 4 times of centroidal distance standing level distance when degree is more than floating structure zero load waterborne, this allows for floating structure horizontal section entirety For super tabular morphology.As shown in figure 9, the hydrostatic water line and the outermost point of more floating bodies two of the more floating bodies of floating structure are to again Two sides of the heart form a stable triangle, and the angle of the triangle is up to 27 degree.In high sea, maximum wave steepness is 1/7, corresponding wave inclination angle is 16 degree, and under the most unfavorable processing condition, floating structure is laterally disposed on the corrugated of wave, is still ensured that Floating structure does not topple under wind heeling moment and Wave Loads.

When the shoal of various angles is stranded, due to the limitation of stable triangle, it can be ensured that floating structure does not topple.Figure 10 be that floating structure is stranded when on the shoal at great slope angle (such as less than 20 degree of the angles of gradient), what floating structure did not toppled Principle is illustrated.

F. floating structure waterborne has mobility and adjustment bow to ability.

Floating structure waterborne is illustrated equipped with drive device and direction-control apparatus, specifically can be in each floating body of more floating bodies Bow and stern arrange multiple all-direction propellers, these propeller longitudinal separations are very big and can be rotated with omnidirectional, producing Can be with according to needing to produce huge deflection torque while omnidirectional's thrust.

Sail specifically can be also set on floating structure on the water, directly push away propeller and rudder etc. to realize.

Unless limited otherwise, term used in the utility model is the implication that those skilled in the art are generally understood that.This reality With new described embodiment merely for exemplary purpose, and it is not used to limit the scope of protection of the utility model, ability Field technique personnel can make various other replacements, changes and improvements in the scope of the utility model, thus, the utility model is not It is limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and is only defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of large-scale floating structure waterborne, it is characterised in that including the more floating bodies in bottom, superstructure and intermediate connection structure；

The more floating bodies in bottom include the strip floating body of three level above arrangements, and each floating body is spaced apart, each floating body row Water volume sum is more than the displacement of volume during floating structure full load condition waterborne；

The superstructure is frame structure or body structure；

The intermediate connection structure comprises at least the attachment structure of first direction, and the first direction intersects with horizontal plane；It is described The attachment structure of first direction includes the floating body of multiple offer reserve buoyancies upwardly extended, the attachment structure of the first direction The corresponding single strip floating body is connected with more than three, and each floating body of the attachment structure of the first direction is in the horizontal direction Cross-sectional width be respectively less than corresponding to the strip floating body width；The intermediate connection structure and the more floating bodies in the bottom and The superstructure is connected with each other.

2. large-scale floating structure waterborne according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outline chi of the more floating bodies in bottom It is very little to be at least more than 150 meters in one direction.

3. large-scale floating structure waterborne according to claim 1, it is characterised in that single floating in the more floating bodies in bottom The maximum height size of body section, which is less than, is applicable the 1/2 of waters maximum wave height size, and greatest width dimension is maximum no more than section 2 times of height dimension；It is larger that clear spacing between each adjacent floating body of more floating bodies is more than width dimensions in two neighboring floating body 0.5 times of section width size of floating body.

4. large-scale floating structure waterborne according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each floating body in the more floating bodies in bottom Cumulative volume is less than 2 times of the equivalent water volume of floating structure full load full weight.

5. large-scale floating structure waterborne according to claim 1, it is characterised in that under the large-scale floating structure waterborne The more floating bodies in portion, length and width distribution size in the horizontal direction are equal to or more than center of gravity during the floating structure zero load waterborne Apart from 4 times of standing level height.

6. the large-scale floating structure waterborne according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the floating knot waterborne Structure is provided with drive device and direction-control apparatus.

7. large-scale floating structure waterborne according to claim 6, it is characterised in that be located at outside in the more floating bodies in bottom Part floating body be internally formed multiple watertight compartments, or internal light filling nonabsorbent material, the row of above-mentioned part floating body Water volume sum is more than the equivalent water volume of the floating structure full load；And/or the intermediate connection structure is located at outside Part floating body be internally formed multiple watertight compartments, or internal light filling nonabsorbent material.

8. the large-scale floating structure waterborne according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the first direction In attachment structure horizontal direction global sections product be about the more floating bodies in bottom quiet drinking water at Area of Water Plan 10% to 30%.