CN107094989A - A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination - Google Patents
A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107094989A CN107094989A CN201710504919.8A CN201710504919A CN107094989A CN 107094989 A CN107094989 A CN 107094989A CN 201710504919 A CN201710504919 A CN 201710504919A CN 107094989 A CN107094989 A CN 107094989A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- stalk
- feed
- biological method
- puffing technique
- straw
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination, stalk after crushing is carried out to the Combined Processing of ammonification and alkalization in the present invention using urea with calcium hydroxide, be conducive to improving expansion effect, the digestibility of fibrous matter is improved simultaneously, effectively improve the crude protein content of stalk, again through biofermentation, stalk can fully receive the effect of microorganism, crude fibre is effectively degraded, and produce a large amount of mycoproteins through bioconversion, the physiological activators such as amino acid, improve nutritive value, most afterwards through expanding treatment, on the one hand the worm's ovum in stalk is thoroughly killed, mould and virus etc., block the prevalence of the domestic animals disease produced by feed factor, after the swelling can generate glucose simultaneously, maltose etc., improve the palatability of stalk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feed making method, and in particular to one kind combines biological and puffing technique and prepares crops straw
The method of stalk feed.
Background technology
It is estimated that China's stalk total output in 2005 about reaches 8. 4 hundred million t, and there are the gesture of continuous growth, rice straw, jade
Rice straw and the grande culture thing stalk of wheat straw 3 are still main stalk type.China's stalk quantum of output greatly but cannot be rationally sharp
Only has 15%-20% as animal and fowl fodder with, rough Statistics, more than 80% is incinerated, weathering, go rotten, and causes substantial amounts of resource
Waste and environmental pollution.Meanwhile, with developing rapidly for animal husbandry, the contradiction of " people and animals strive grain " is increasingly sharpened, and feed shortage is asked
Topic is more protruded.
Straw feed belongs to the relatively low roughage of nutritive value, and for corn stalk, wheat straw and rice straw are due to it
Crude protein content is relatively low, and crude fiber content is higher, so quality is relatively low.When feeding livestock and poultry, if without its digestibility pole of processing
It is low, it is difficult to be utilized effectively.
The simple physical processing of stalk includes the method such as prescinding, crush and rub, and can improve stalk to a certain extent
Palatability and raising feed intake, processing cost are relatively low, and for the raising of stalk digestive utilization ratio, its treatment effect is often not so good as phase
To processing modes such as complicated extrusion and steam explosions.The extrusion of stalk and steam explosion etc. can not only improve the agreeable to the taste of stalk
Property, it can also change physical straw chemical constitution and nutriment form, so as to improve the digestibility of stalk.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of combination the biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique, will be chemical, biological
Technology and puffing technique are organically combined together, and high-quality expanded pellet feed is prepared using stalk, improve the profit of straw feed
With rate.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination, including step in detail below：
（1）Crush：
Agricultural crop straw is removed into non-serviceable impurity and putrid and deteriorated composition, carried out using beater disintegrating machine at crushing
Reason, crushing length is 1-3cm；
（2）Chemical pre-treatment：
According to 100:(4-8):The weight ratio of (2-5), will be mixed by the crop stalk crushed with urea, calcium hydroxide, and
It is put into closed container and carries out Combined Processing, anaerobic fermentation 20-30 days；
（3）Biological treatment：
1. zymotic fluid, is prepared：
According to 100:(2-5):Water, sugar, urea are uniformly mixed by the mass ratio of (10-15), are added activation white and are caused corruption
Fungi strain, is made into zymotic fluid；
2., fermentation process：
The thick steps of 20-30cm are laid at cement pit bottom（2）Crushed material, uniformly sprays to repave after zymotic fluid, compacting and puts 20-
Crushed material thick 30cm, then spray zymotic fluid compacting, ferments 6-10 days at room temperature, and addition stalk desiccates feed fermentation agent afterwards
Uniformly puddle, obturaged using plastic cloth, fermented 15-20 days at normal temperatures；
（4）Expanding treatment：
According to 60: (11-16): (0.02-0.3):The weight ratio of (18-23) is by step（3）Crops after biological treatment
Stalk is well mixed with urea, vitamin, dregs of beans, in feeding bulking machine, carries out expanding treatment 1-8 minutes；
（5）By it is above-mentioned it is expanded after expanded pellet feed cooled down by tower cooler, dry, produce.
Wherein, described agricultural crop straw refers to one or more kinds of in rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton stalk
Mixture.
Wherein, the desiccate weight ratio of feed fermentation agent of crushed material and stalk is 10 in the fermentation process6:(1-10)。
Wherein, the weight ratio of zymotic fluid and crushed material is 1 in the fermentation process:8-12.
Wherein, in described expanding treatment, feeding temperature is at 60-140 DEG C, and drop temperature is in 170-250 DEG C, bulking pressure
In 6-12MPa.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
（1）Stalk after crushing is carried out to the Combined Processing of ammonification and alkalization, stalk in the present invention using urea with calcium hydroxide
In organic matter and ammonia occur ammonolysis, the ester bond between destruction lignin and cellulose is destroyed lignin structure, fine
Dimension element and hemicellulose are easier to be degraded, and are conducive to improving expansion effect, while improving the digestibility of fibrous matter, effectively
The crude protein content of stalk is improved, effect is more preferable than single ammoniated treatment, the DM degradability and fibroma of stalk
Stomach degradation rate improves a lot.
（2）By the stalk after Chemical Pretreatment again through biofermentation, composite puffed processing, biological treatment rank in the present invention
Section, stalk can fully receive the effect of microorganism, and crude fibre is effectively degraded, and produce a large amount of thalline eggs through bioconversion
In vain, the physiological activator such as amino acid, improves nutritive value, after expanding treatment, the thorough worm's ovum killed in stalk of one side,
Mould and virus etc., block the prevalence of the domestic animals disease produced by feed factor, while after the swelling can generate glucose, wheat
Bud sugar etc., improves the palatability of stalk.
Embodiment
A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination, including step in detail below：
（1）Crush：
Agricultural crop straw is removed into non-serviceable impurity and putrid and deteriorated composition, carried out using beater disintegrating machine at crushing
Reason, crushing length is 1-3cm；
（2）Chemical pre-treatment：
According to 100:5:3 weight ratio, will be mixed, and be put into closed by the crop stalk crushed with urea, calcium hydroxide
Combined Processing, anaerobic fermentation 20 days are carried out in container；
（3）Biological treatment：
1. zymotic fluid, is prepared：
According to 100:4:Water, sugar, urea are uniformly mixed by 12 mass ratio, add the white rot-causing fungi strain of activation,
It is made into zymotic fluid；
2., fermentation process：
The thick steps of 20-30cm are laid at cement pit bottom（2）Crushed material, uniformly sprays to repave after zymotic fluid, compacting and puts 20-
Crushed material thick 30cm, then spray zymotic fluid compacting, ferments 10 days at room temperature, the stalk feed fermentation agent that desiccates is added afterwards equal
It is even to puddle, obturaged, fermented 18 days at normal temperatures using plastic cloth；
（4）Expanding treatment：
According to 60: 15: 0.2:20 weight ratio is by step（3）Agricultural crop straw after biological treatment is given birth to urea, dimension
Element, dregs of beans are well mixed, and in feeding bulking machine, carry out expanding treatment 4 minutes；
（5）By it is above-mentioned it is expanded after expanded pellet feed cooled down by tower cooler, dry, produce.
Wherein, described agricultural crop straw refers to one or more kinds of in rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton stalk
Mixture.
Wherein, the desiccate weight ratio of feed fermentation agent of crushed material and stalk is 10 in the fermentation process6:3。
Wherein, the weight ratio of zymotic fluid and crushed material is 1 in the fermentation process:10.
Wherein, in described expanding treatment, feeding temperature is at 100 DEG C, and drop temperature is at 210 DEG C, and bulking pressure exists
10MPa。
Claims (5)
1. a kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination, it is characterised in that including in detail below
Step：
（1）Crush：
Agricultural crop straw is removed into non-serviceable impurity and putrid and deteriorated composition, carried out using beater disintegrating machine at crushing
Reason, crushing length is 1-3cm；
（2）Chemical pre-treatment：
According to 100:(4-8):The weight ratio of (2-5), will be mixed by the crop stalk crushed with urea, calcium hydroxide, and
It is put into closed container and carries out Combined Processing, anaerobic fermentation 20-30 days；
（3）Biological treatment：
1. zymotic fluid, is prepared：
According to 100:(2-5):Water, sugar, urea are uniformly mixed by the mass ratio of (10-15), are added activation white and are caused corruption
Fungi strain, is made into zymotic fluid；
2., fermentation process：
The thick steps of 20-30cm are laid at cement pit bottom（2）Crushed material, uniformly sprays to repave after zymotic fluid, compacting and puts 20-
Crushed material thick 30cm, then spray zymotic fluid compacting, ferments 6-10 days at room temperature, and addition stalk desiccates feed fermentation agent afterwards
Uniformly puddle, obturaged using plastic cloth, fermented 15-20 days at normal temperatures；
（4）Expanding treatment：
According to 60: (11-16): (0.02-0.3):The weight ratio of (18-23) is by step（3）Crops after biological treatment
Stalk is well mixed with urea, vitamin, dregs of beans, in feeding bulking machine, carries out expanding treatment 1-8 minutes；
（5）By it is above-mentioned it is expanded after expanded pellet feed cooled down by tower cooler, dry, produce.
2. a kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination according to claims 1, its
It is characterised by, described agricultural crop straw refers to one or more kinds of mixing in rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton stalk
Thing.
3. a kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination according to claims 1, its
It is characterised by, the desiccate weight ratio of feed fermentation agent of crushed material and stalk is 10 in the fermentation process6:(1-10)。
4. a kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination according to claims 1, its
It is characterised by, the weight ratio of zymotic fluid and crushed material is 1 in the fermentation process:8-12.
5. a kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination according to claims 1, its
It is characterised by, in described expanding treatment, feeding temperature is at 60-140 DEG C, and drop temperature is at 170-250 DEG C, and bulking pressure is in 6-
12MPa。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710504919.8A CN107094989A (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710504919.8A CN107094989A (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination |
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| CN107094989A true CN107094989A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
Family
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| CN201710504919.8A Pending CN107094989A (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | A kind of biological method for preparing crops straw stalk feed with puffing technique of combination |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107981029A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-04 | 马鞍山市五谷禽业专业合作社 | A kind of method that fermentation bed waste material prepares puffing fermented feed |
| CN108522800A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-14 | 天津大学 | A kind of green feed and preparation method based on stalk and fungi |
| CN108606163A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-02 | 广西艾尚嘉家居有限公司 | A method of to mix sawdust as raw material Fodder making additive |
| CN108835451A (en) * | 2018-08-11 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽省强家庄生态农业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of duck feed |
| CN109156825A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2019-01-08 | 永州职业技术学院 | The extracting method and its application of active constituent in a kind of leaf of bamboo |
| CN112715753A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-30 | 乌鲁木齐美露可生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing composite forage grass by using waste plant fibers |
| CN115176868A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-14 | 安徽粮牧农业科技有限公司 | Straw mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1409983A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2003-04-16 | 天津理工学院 | Manufacturing method of straw granular feed using biological and puffing technique, its equipment and product |
| CN103798512A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-05-21 | 南京农业大学 | Method for preparing crop straw feed based on composite puffing and biological processing technology |
| CN105211613A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-06 | 都江堰惠农生物技术有限责任公司 | Stalk applying biological, puffing technique prepare the manufacture method of pellet |
| CN106804917A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-09 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | A kind of puffing straw feed and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-06-28 CN CN201710504919.8A patent/CN107094989A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1409983A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2003-04-16 | 天津理工学院 | Manufacturing method of straw granular feed using biological and puffing technique, its equipment and product |
| CN103798512A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-05-21 | 南京农业大学 | Method for preparing crop straw feed based on composite puffing and biological processing technology |
| CN105211613A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-06 | 都江堰惠农生物技术有限责任公司 | Stalk applying biological, puffing technique prepare the manufacture method of pellet |
| CN106804917A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-09 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | A kind of puffing straw feed and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 魏曼琳: "低品质秸秆处理技术研究进展", 《饲料研究》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107981029A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-04 | 马鞍山市五谷禽业专业合作社 | A kind of method that fermentation bed waste material prepares puffing fermented feed |
| CN108522800A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-14 | 天津大学 | A kind of green feed and preparation method based on stalk and fungi |
| CN108606163A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-02 | 广西艾尚嘉家居有限公司 | A method of to mix sawdust as raw material Fodder making additive |
| CN109156825A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2019-01-08 | 永州职业技术学院 | The extracting method and its application of active constituent in a kind of leaf of bamboo |
| CN108835451A (en) * | 2018-08-11 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽省强家庄生态农业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of duck feed |
| CN112715753A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-30 | 乌鲁木齐美露可生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing composite forage grass by using waste plant fibers |
| CN115176868A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-14 | 安徽粮牧农业科技有限公司 | Straw mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170829 |
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