CN107092849A - 用于使用多个数据源来读取光学标记的方法和设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了一种系统，包括：激光扫描器，用于输出第一数据集；图像传感器，用于输出第二数据集；以及中央处理单元，用于通过将所述第一数据集与所述第二数据集组合来执行解码过程。
Description
本申请是申请号为201210097168.X、申请日为2012年1月31日的同名称发明的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2012年1月31日提交的编号为13/590,087、标题为“用于使用多个数据源来读取光学标记的方法和设备”的美国专利申请的优先权，该美国专利申请要求2011年1月31日提交的编号为61/438,075、标题为“用于使用多个数据源来读取光学标记的方法和设备”的美国专利申请的优先权。要求了上述申请的每一个的优先权并且上述申请的每一个的整体通过引用被结合于此。
技术领域
本公开一般地涉及读取光学标记，更具体地，涉及组合来自多个源的数据片段以解码光学标记。
背景技术
将光学标记或者条形码符号用于产品和物品识别在本领域是众所周知的。目前，各种类型的条形码符号扫描器已经得以开发。条形码符号读取器的一种常见类型是基于激光的扫描器，其使用聚焦激光束来顺序地扫描待读取的条形码符号的条形部分和间隙部分。现今使用的大多数激光扫描器，特别在零售环境中，采用透镜和移动的(例如旋转或者振动)镜子和/或其它光学元件，以便在码符号读取操作期间，在条形码符号上聚焦和扫描激光束。
在需要的零售扫描环境中，对于这样的系统来说，具有底部和侧面扫描窗口两者来使能高侵入性的扫描器性能是常见的，出纳员仅仅需要拖动条形编码的产品通过这些扫描窗口，以便条形码在出纳员或者结帐人员提供最少协助的情况下被自动读取。这种双扫描窗口系统通常称为“双光学检查(bioptic)”激光扫描系统，因为这种系统采用两组光学器件，第一组被置于底部或者水平扫描窗口的后面，而第二组被置于侧面扫描或者垂直窗口的后面。
一般而言，现有技术的双光学检查激光扫描系统通常比常规的单扫描窗口系统更具侵入性。为此，双光学检查扫描系统常常被部署在要求的的零售环境中，比如超级市场和高容量的百货公司，在这些地方高结帐吞吐量对于实现商户盈利和客户满意度是关键的。虽然现有技术的双光学检查扫描系统表现出了超越大多数单扫描窗口系统的技术进步，现有技术的双光学检查扫描系统通常遭受着各种缺点和缺陷。
特别地，这种现有技术的双光学检查激光扫描系统的激光扫描模式在扫描覆盖范围和扫描性能方面不是优化的，并且由于目前被需要用来构造这种激光扫描系统的光学组件的数量较大，这种扫描系统通常制造起来是昂贵的。
另外，在扫描条形码符号和准确产生表示扫描的条形码符号的数字扫描数据信号时，这种侵入性的激光扫描系统的性能容易受到噪声影响，噪声包括环境噪声、热噪声和纸张噪声。在操作激光扫描系统的期间，聚焦的光束从诸如可见激光二级管(VLD)的光源产生，并重复地跨越码符号的元素扫描。在条形码扫描应用的情况下，码符号的元素由一系列变化宽度的条状元素和间隙元素组成。出于区别的目的，条状部分和间隙部分具有不同的光反射率(例如，间隙部分是高反光的，而条状部分是高吸光的)。在激光束跨越条形码元素扫描时，条状元素吸收相激光束功率的实质部分，而间隙元素反射激光束功率的实质部分。由于这种扫描过程，按照在扫描的条形码符号内编码的信息结构来调制激光束的强度。
在激光束跨越条形码符号扫描时，在扫描器内的光学器件收集一部分反射光束。随后将收集的光信号聚焦在扫描器内的光电检测器上，在一个例子中，该扫描器生成可以分解成多个信号分量的模拟电子输出信号，多个信号分量即：数字扫描数据信号，其具有对应于扫描码符号内的条状部分和间隙部分的第一和第二信号电平；环境光噪声，其通过由系统的光收集光学器件所收集的环境光来产生；热噪声，其通过信号检测和处理电路内的热活动来产生；以及“纸张(paper)”或者基底噪声，其可以通过与聚焦的激光扫描束的横截面尺寸有关的基底的微观结构或者与条形码印刷质量(例如，条形码边缘粗糙度、不需要的点、空白疵点和/或印刷对比度)有关的噪声来产生。
模拟扫描数据信号具有正向转换和负向转换，上述转换表示在扫描的条形码符号中的条状部分和间隙部分之间的转换。然而，这种噪声分量或者在聚焦区域的操作界限附近操作扫描器的结果，从第一信号电平到第二信号电平的转换不是完全急剧或瞬时的，反之亦然。因此，有时难以确定在检测到的模拟扫描数据信号中每次二进制信号电平转换出现的确切瞬间。
扫描器准确扫描编码符号字符和准确产生表示噪声环境下扫描的条形码符号的数字扫描数据信号的能力，取决于激光扫描束的调制深度。激光扫描束的调制深度又取决于若干重要因素。在这些因素当中有(i)在扫描平面处的激光束横截面尺寸与正被扫描的条形码符号中的最小条形码元素的宽度之间的比例；(ii)在二进制电平(1位)模拟到数字(A/D)信号转换发生的阶段扫描数据信号处理器中的信噪比(SNR)；(iii)目标距离；以及(iv)视场(FOV)角度。
作为实际问题，在大多数情况下用精确定义的信号电平转换来产生模拟扫描数据信号是不可能的。因此，模拟扫描数据信号必须被进一步处理为准确地确定信号电平转换发生的点。各种电路已经被开发用于执行这种扫描数据信号处理操作。通常地，能够完成这种操作的信号处理电路包括用于去除不需要的噪声分量的滤波器，以及用于抑制不超过预定的信号电平的信号分量的信号阈值设备。这些方法的一个缺点是给予模拟扫描数据输入信号的热噪声和"纸张(paper)"(或者基底)噪声趋向于在一阶导数信号中产生"假(false)"的正向转换和负向转换，还可能在二阶导数信号中产生零交点。因此，电路逻辑允许"假(false)"的一阶导数峰值信号和二阶导数零交点信号进行传递，由此在信号处理器的输出阶段产生错误的二进制信号电平。反过来，存在错误的数字数据扫描数据信号被传送给条形码扫描器的数字扫描数据信号处理器，用于转换为表示数字扫描数据信号中二进制信号电平长度的数字单词。这会在条形码符号解码操作期间导致显著误差，引起了错误地标识目标和/或将错误数据输入到主机系统中。
零售激光扫描系统的另一缺点是条形码标签会被损坏或者不正确地印刷。作为通常情况，在扫描系统中没有冗余，条形码读取器未能解码，而出纳员必须手动地输入条形码号码，在结帐柜台处浪费了宝贵的时间，并使顾客失望。
零售激光扫描系统的另一缺点是通过扫描明显价格更低廉的商品的条形码来代替实际经过结帐线的商品的行窃机会。一些零售商印刷他们自己的条形码来为特定商品打折扣。内部条形码通常印刷在标签上并搁置在登记处附近的储藏室中。出纳员或者用户可剥离这些标签并放置它们覆盖昂贵商品的已有条形码。当昂贵的商品越过扫描区域时，激光扫描器会识别并解码价格更低廉的条形码作为有效商品，并且将使零售商亏本地完成这项交易。在其它欺诈方案中，出纳员可将内部条形码标签放置在他们手上，并快速扫描他们的手来代替昂贵商品。管制这种欺诈性行为会是耗时和昂贵的。一种目前实践的管制方法是手动地回顾出纳员柜台处的安全摄相机视频并把它与销售收据进行相互对照来确保昂贵商品(如视频中看到的)已经被正确地交易。这种方法的一个缺点是销售完成很久以后才识别出行窃，而顾客已经离开商店了。
发明内容
因此，在本领域需要一种零售激光扫描器，这种零售激光扫描器在结帐时能够验证具有其声称的条形码标签的商品的真实性。
另外，在本领域需要一种侵入性的双光学检查扫描器，这种扫描器克服了关于激光扫描器噪声和缺少冗余的缺陷。
即便双光学检查激光扫描器采用两组光学器件来侵入性地扫描和解码条形码符号，上面提到的问题同样地适用于每一个水平和垂直激光系统。因此，虽然双光学检查激光扫描系统所增加的复杂性和成本就侵入性扫描而言会是有益的，但额外的激光光学器件未必补救与读取条形码相关联的问题(例如，噪声)。
在本发明的一方面中，提供了一种用于解码与产品相关联的编码符号字符的系统。该系统包括双光学检查扫描设备，该双光学检查扫描设备包括置于外壳内的第一扫描源和置于该外壳内的第二扫描源。第二扫描源包括与第一扫描源的操作技术不同的操作技术。第一扫描源适于输出第一扫描数据集，而第二扫描源适于输出第二扫描数据集。第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集中的至少一个包括产品条形码扫描数据。该双光学检查扫描设备还包括中央处理单元，该中央处理单元适用于将第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集相互对照来执行条形码解码过程。该系统还包括耦合至该中央处理单元的存储器。
在本发明的另一方面中，提供了一种用于解码光学标记的方法。该方法包括提供双光学检查扫描设备的步骤，该双光学检查扫描设备具有第一扫描源和第二扫描源。第二扫描源包括与第一扫描源的操作技术不同的操作技术。该方法还包括用第一扫描源扫描固定到产品的光学标记并从第一扫描源生成第一扫描数据集的步骤。该方法还包括用第二扫描源扫描产品并从第二扫描源生成第二扫描数据集的步骤。该方法还包括组合第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集以及从已组合的第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集解码光学标记的步骤。
附图说明
此处所描述的特征可参照如下所描述附图而更好地理解。附图不必是按比例缩放的，而是一般将重点放在说明本发明的原理。在附图中，遍及各种视图中同样的数字用来指示同样的部分。
图1示意性地说明了依照本发明的双光学检查条形码符号扫描系统的示例性实施例；
图2是图1的双光学检查条形码符号扫描系统内的激光扫描系统的方框示意图；以及
图3是图1的双光学检查条形码符号扫描系统内的图象扫描系统的方框示意图。
具体实施方式
在说明性实施例中，本发明的设备被以自动条形码符号扫描系统的形式实现，该自动条形码符号扫描系统具有多个扫描源，以及用于解码过程由此产生的扫描数据信号的扫描数据处理器。然而，为了表达的方便，术语“双光学扫描器(biopticscanner)”在此后将会用来表示采用本发明多个扫描源的条形码符号扫描系统。
图1说明了销售点工作站10，销售点工作站10由零售商所使用以处理涉及具有编码的符号字符的产品的购买的交易，该编码的符号字符典型地是UPC符号。工作站10包括用于放置待扫描产品的水平台面12。安装在台面12内的双光学扫描器14包括第一外壳部分16和第二外壳部分18，第二外壳部分18以基本上正交的方式从第一外壳部分的一端突出。当双光学扫描器14被安装在台面表面内时，第一外壳部分16是水平定向的，而第二外壳部分18是相对于销售点(POS)站垂直定向的。因此，如在此提及的，术语‘第一外壳部分’和‘水平布置的外壳部分’可被互换使用，但指的是相同结构。同样地，术语‘第二外壳部分’和‘垂直布置的外壳部分’可被互换使用，但指的是相同结构。
台面12包括光学透明的(例如玻璃)水平扫描窗口20，水平扫描窗口20与结帐柜台齐平安装，被提供有孔24a样式的成像窗口防护板22所覆盖。这些孔24允许了来自位于水平扫描窗口20底下的第一扫描源的多个垂直照明平面的投影，在下面会更充分地描述。
双光学扫描器14包括形成在第二外壳部分18中的垂直扫描窗口26。垂直扫描窗口26还包括孔24b样式，以允许多个水平照明平面的投影。这种照明可由第一扫描源利用一系列分光镜来提供，以将来自水平部分的源的一些激光引导通过第二外壳部分18中的垂直扫描窗口26。可替换地，第二扫描源可以提供这种照明，例如单独的激光扫描器组件。
具有编码的符号字符30的产品28可由双光学扫描器14来扫描。如果编码的符号字符30位于产品28的底部上，通过水平扫描窗口20投影的扫描线之一会横穿该符号。如果字符30位于产品的侧面，则通过垂直扫描窗口26投影的扫描线之一会横穿该符号。
如此处所使用的，“编码的符号字符”意在指示消息中信息单元的表示，比如在单个字母数字字符的条形码符号体系中的表示。一个或多个编码的符号字符可用于传达信息，比如源的标识和产品模型，例如用包括表示数位的12个编码的符号字符的UPC条形码。而且，编码的符号字符可以是具有与常规一致的意思的非字母数字字符，比如包括用于表示UPC条形码的起始、结尾和中部的条状部分和间隙部分的元素。用于将字符编码为编码的符号的条状部分和间隙部分通常被称为“元素(element)”。例如UPC符号中的编码的字符由四个元素组成，两个条状部分和两个间隙部分。相似地，编码的符号字符可被定义用于其它条形码符号体系，比如包括代码39(Code39)和代码128(Code 128)的其他一维(“1-D”)条形码系统，或者用于包括PDF417的堆栈二维(“2-D”)条形码系统。
如此处所使用的，双光学扫描器不局限于具有水平扫描窗口和垂直扫描窗口的构造。双光学扫描器可包括单个扫描窗口，比如图1中说明的水平扫描窗口，但该扫描窗口可以具有两个(或更多个)扫描源。虽然在一些构造中扫描源可以相似，但在此处公开的本发明实施例中扫描源包括不同技术。例如，不同技术的扫描源包括激光扫描器、射频识别装置(RFID)、称重秤或者多像素图像传感器阵列。图像阵列传感器可由操作软件来区分，并且图像阵列传感器例如包括1-D成像器、2-D成像器、光学字符识别读取器、模式识别装置和色彩识别装置。
在一些构造中，为了控制、管理、应用和诊断的目的，工作站10还可以包括射频识别(RFID)读取器32；信用卡读取器34；广域无线(WIFI)接口36，其包括用于连接到互联网TCP/IP层的RF收发器和天线38以及一个或多个存储和处理关系数据库管理系统(RDBMS)服务器40；蓝牙双向通信接口42，其包括用于连接到蓝牙可用的手持扫描器、成像器、PDA、便携式计算机及类似的装置46的RF收发器和天线44。工作站10还可以包括电子称重秤模块48，该电子称重秤模块48采用中心放置在系统构造坚硬的平台下面的一个或多个测压单元来承受和测量放在水平扫描窗口20或者窗口防护板22上的物体的基本上所有的重量，并产生表示测量的该物体重量的电子数据。
参照图2，位于水平扫描窗口20下面的第一扫描源50包括基于激光扫描器的标记读取终端或者激光扫描器52。激光扫描器52包括透镜组件54，其中可包括，例如，固定透镜、适合于与可移动透镜系统一起使用的可变位置透镜支架、或者可变聚焦液体透镜。激光扫描器52还包括由第一外壳部分16所支撑的激光源56。激光源56可以沿光轴58发射激光束。激光源56可以被耦合至激光源控制电路60。来自激光源56的光可通过校准光学器件62和透镜组件54来成形。激光源56和校准光学器件62的组合可以被认为是激光二极管组件64。激光束沿光轴58在发射的方向66上传播并照亮产品28，在一个实施例中，产品28包括编码的符号字符30。置于由轴58所限定的光路内的扫描镜式反射器68进行振动来引导激光束越过待扫描的整个表面。反射器68可以由扫描电动机70，M所驱动，该电动机被耦合至控制电路72。
激光束反射离开产品28并沿轴58在接收方向74上行进回到检测器组76。在产品28包括条形码的示例中，入射激光冲击黑白带的区域并被反射。反射的射束因此具有表示条形码样式的可变强度。包括检测器78和摸拟数字转换器80的检测器组件76可以接收可变强度的反射射束，产生对应于反射射束的模拟信号，并将模拟信号转换为存储到第一存储器82中的数字数据集，在第一存储器82数据集可由CPU 84按照存储在非易失性存储器86中的程序所处理，该程序在特定例子中由EPROM所提供。
为了试图解码条形码符号，CPU 84可以处理对应于被扫描、反射和检测到的激光束的数字化图像信号以确定暗单元和亮单元的空间图案，将确定的每一个暗单元和亮单元模式经由查找表转换为字符串字符。激光扫描器52可以包括各种接口电路，这些接口电路允许CPU84与扫描器52的各种电路通信，各种电路包括耦合至激光源控制电路60和系统总线90的第一接口电路88、耦合至电动机控制电路72的第二接口电路92和耦合至电能输入单元96的第三接口电路94。
参照图3，示出了置于双光学扫描器14(图1)的第二外壳部分18中的第二扫描源98的框图。第二扫描源98包括与第一扫描源50的操作技术不同的操作技术。也就是说，如果第一扫描源50是激光扫描器，第二扫描源98将包括除激光扫描器之外的操作技术。在说明的实施例中，第二扫描源98是多像素图像传感器组件100，或者光学成像器，比如CCD扫描器。通常，图像传感器阵列用特定波长的光同时照明条形码符号的所有条状部分和间隙部分以便捕获用于识别和解码目的的图像。这种扫描器通常被称为CCD扫描器，因为它们使用CCD图像检测器来检测正被读取的条形码符号的图像。如下面将更充分解释的，图3示出了同时包括通用形式的图像传感器阵列的基础结构，这种通用形式是适合用于以下光学读取器并对于以下光学读取器是通用的：使用1D图像传感器的光学读取器和使用2D图像传感器的光学读取器。
图像传感器组件100可以包括图像传感器102，图像传感器102包括多像素图像传感器阵列104，该多像素图像传感器阵列104具有以像素行和像素列排列的像素、列电路106和行电路108。与图像传感器102相关联的可以是放大器电路110和模拟-数字(A/D)转换器112，模拟-数字转换器112将从多像素图像传感器阵列104读出的模拟信号形式的图像信息转换为数字信号形式的图像信息。图像传感器102还可以具有相关联的定时和控制电路114以用于控制例如图像传感器102的曝光周期、和/或施加到放大器110的增益。所提到的电路部件102、110、112和114可被封装到共同的图像传感器集成电路116中。在一个例子中，图像传感器集成电路116可由从镁光技术有限公司(MicronTechnology,Inc.)可获得的MT10V022图像传感器集成电路来提供。在另一例子中，图像传感器集成电路116可以结合Bayer模式滤光器。在这种实施例中，CPU 118在使帧受到进一步处理之前可以对绿色像素值的像素值中间进行内插以用于图像数据单色帧的显像。在其它实施例中，红色和/或蓝色像素值可以用于图像数据。
在操作图像传感器组件100的过程中，图像信号可以从图像传感器102读出、转换并存储到诸如RAM 120的系统存储器中。图像传感器组件100的存储器122可以包括RAM120、诸如EPROM 124的非易失性存储器、以及例如可由闪存或者硬盘驱动存储器来提供的存储器装置126。在一个实施例中，图像传感器组件100可以包括CPU 118，CPU 118适于读出存储在存储器122中的图像数据并使该图像数据受到各种图像处理算法。图像传感器组件100可包括直接存储器存取(DMA)单元128，用于将从图像传感器102读出的已经受到转换的图像信息路由到RAM 120。在另一个实施例中，图像传感器组件100可采用为总线仲裁机制提供的系统总线(例如PCI总线)从而消除对中央DMA控制器的需要。本领域技术人员将理解的是，为了在图像传感器102和RAM 120之间进行有效数据转送而提供的系统总线体系结构和/或直接存储器存取部件的其它实施例是在本发明的范围之内的。
参照图像传感器组件100的进一步多个方面，传感器组件可以包括成像透镜组件130，其用于将编码的符号字符30的图像聚焦到图像传感器102上。成像光线可以在光轴132附近传送。图像传感器组件100还可以包括照明组件134或者激励照明模块，其包括照明模式光源组136和瞄准模式光源组138中的一个或多个：，该照明模式光源组136用于生成基本上与图像传感器组件100的视场相对应的照明模式，瞄准模式光源组138用于生成瞄准模式。使用中，产品28可以由操作者以瞄准模式被投射到编码的符号字符30上的方式呈现给图像传感器组件100。在图3的示例中，编码的符号字符30由1D条形码符号来提供。编码的符号字符还可以由2D条形码符号或光学字符识别(OCR)字符来提供。
图像传感器组件100还可以包括滤光器模块140，滤光器模块140包括一个或多个光学滤光器，以及在一些实施例中，包括通常耦合到例如光学滤光器的滤光器模块的致动器组件142。滤光器模块140可以位于成像透镜组件130的两侧的任何一侧上。同样地，滤光器模块140内的一个或多个光学滤光器可以被置于成像透镜组件130和/或图像传感器102的一个或多个表面上。
照明模式光源组136和瞄准模式光源组138中的每个可以包括一个或多个光源。透镜组件130可使用透镜组件控制电路144来控制，以及包括照明模式光源组136和瞄准模式光源组138的照明组件134可使用照明组件控制电路146来控制。滤光器模块140可使用能被耦合至致动器组件142的滤光器模块控制电路148来控制。透镜组件控制电路144可以发送信号到透镜组件130，例如，用于改变透镜组件130的焦距和/或最佳焦距。照明组件控制电路146可以发送信号到照明模式光源组136，例如，用于改变照明输出的级别。
虽然没有结合在说明的实施例中，图像传感器组件100还可以包括多个外围装置，比如显示器150、键盘152、指示装置154和触发器156，显示器150用于显示如使用图像传感器组100所捕获的图像帧的信息，触发器156可用来产生活动信号以用于激活帧读取和/或特定解码过程。
图像传感器组件100可以包括各种接口电路，用于将若干外围装置耦合到系统地址/数据总线(系统总线)158，用于与同样耦合至系统总线158的第二CPU 118通信。图像传感器组件100可以包括接口电路160、接口电路162、接口电路164、接口电路166、接口电路168和接口电路170，接口电路160用于将图像传感器定时和控制电路114耦合到系统总线158，接口电路162用于将透镜组件控制电路144耦合到系统总线158，接口电路164用于将照明组件控制电路146耦合到系统总线158，接口电路166用于将显示器150耦合到系统总线158，接口电路168用于将键盘152、指示装置154和触发器156耦合到系统总线158，接口电路170用于将滤光器模块控制电路148耦合到系统总线158。
在进一步的方面中，图像传感器组件100可以包括一个或多个I/O接口172、174，用于提供与外部装置(例如，收款机服务器，商店服务器，库存设施服务器，图像传感器组件100，局域网基站，蜂窝基站)的通信。I/O接口172、174可以是已知的计算机接口的任何组合的接口，例如，以太网(Ethernet)(IEEE802.3)、USB、IEEE 802.11、蓝牙、CDMA和GSM。
在一个实施例中，在第一扫描源50和第二扫描源98之间的资源可被组合或共享以形成提高第一遍读取率和也减少读错的混合条形码符号扫描系统。例如，第一扫描源50的系统总线90可包括来自第二扫描源98的总线158或者与来自第二扫描源98的总线158相同。此外，来自第一扫描源50的CPU84可包括来自第二扫描源98的CPU 118或者与来自第二扫描源98的CPU 118相同。依照此方式，从处理由每一个扫描源所接收到的信号中获得的数据集被前后对照以便成功地解码条形码。在一个实施例中，CPU 84、118的一个或者两者可以通过前后对照(或者拼接)从第一扫描源50中获得的第一扫描数据集和从第二扫描源98中获得的第二扫描数据集来执行条形码解码过程。
在一个例子中，两个光学源50、98被配置为主机系统和从机系统，其中主机作为主光学读取器执行而从机充当备份。主机(例如激光扫描器52)和从机(例如图像传感器组件100)均可捕获经过扫描区域的条形码。如上所描述的，主机系统可以处理所接收的信号并将第一扫描数据集存储在第一存储器82中。同样地，从机系统可以处理所接收的信号并将第二扫描数据集存储在第二存储器122中。主机激光扫描器52和从机图像传感器组件100均可以试图解码编码的符号字符30。如果主机系统仅仅从编码的符号字符30的基于激光的反射中获得部分的读取，它可以从其它扫描线(例如多个扫描线)寻找附加数据集并以常规方式拼接它们。如果常规拼接证明是不成功的，主机系统52会被配置为检索和组合从从机系统100中获得的数据集并将它们按照惯常算法拼接成主机数据集。例如，在包括表示数位的12个编码的符号字符的UPC条形码中，第一扫描源50可仅成功地解码7个字符。第二扫描源98可以提供包括剩下的五个字符的数据集，提供充分的重叠存在以执行拼接。
当在激光扫描系统中普遍存在噪声(例如环境噪声、热噪声和纸张噪声)的时候，这种混合拼接方法是特别有利的。其它操作技术将可能无法为相同的噪声源进行预先安排，并因此可增加获得可解码数据集的可能性。
在另一例子中，解码编码的符号字符30最快的扫描源将传送结果给主机系统。依照此方式，不考虑主机系统和从机系统的能力，实现了最快的可能解码结果。例如，从机光学成像器98可比主机激光扫描器50更快地捕获图像和后处理条形码。解码结果可以被传送给主机系统，例如激光扫描器，就像主机系统已经解码了条形码。然而，如果仅仅通过两个系统的任一个获得部分读取，则所获得的第一和第二扫描数据集可通过常规算法拼接在一起。
在本发明的一些实施例中，可以通过编程一个或多个扫描源(或者销售点系统)来在零售交易中建立冗余以存储用于特定数量的条形码的样式、颜色方案、尺寸或者其它识别标志的小型数据库。例如，条形码可对应于高值SKU，或者零售机构中提供用于出售的任意或者所有产品。依照此方式，匹配颜色或者图像的附加安全性可以被用于防止失窃。可替换地，条形码可以是难以扫描的已知代码，如此减少手动键入会提高生产率。
因此，第二扫描源98不必包括条形码读取器。在本发明的另一个实施例中，第二扫描源98是诸如数字照相机的图像传感器阵列。数字照相机捕获正被扫描的商品28的图像并将图像作为第二扫描数据集存储在例如RAM 120中。CPU 118可适于将产品28的图像和与正被扫描的条形码相对应的预存样式或者图像进行比较。如果预存图像匹配了产品28的图像，则完成该商品的销售。例如，图像或者样式的比较可以确保期望的样式/颜色位于离条形码正确的距离/方向。在另一例子中，正被扫描的产品的尺寸可以与数据库相互对照，该数据库存储了与特殊条形码相关联的实际尺寸。简要地参考图1和图3，产品28的尺寸“a”、“b”和“c”可以与存储器122中的编码的符号字符30相关联。如果正被扫描的条形码30对应于，例如，存储在RDBMS服务器40中的小型的、便宜的商品，但图像捕获显示出产品28的实际尺寸(例如，a、b、c)是大型的、昂贵的商品，则交易可以被停止。因此，如果图像或者样式不匹配，则启动警报来警告出纳员乃至安全人员。依照此方式，如果顾客或者出纳员试图传递出(passoff)假的条形码，则可以减少昂贵商品的零售失窃。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，第二扫描源98包括图像扫描模块，该图像扫描模块具有适于捕获条形码内的色谱的颜色传感器。在一个例子中，条形码的颜色可被捕获作为第二扫描数据集并与存储值相互对照以提供零售环境中的冗余。以非常相同的方式，条形码周围环绕的颜色可被捕获作为第二扫描数据集并与存储值相互对照。在颜色匹配的例子中，一种可能的实现方式要求条形码的显著部分由在此公开的拼接方法所识别，然后要求数据集可以与数据库相比较，该数据库会接着使扫描器验证：给定了完整的数据串(或者足够大的部分)，期望的颜色位于离条形码正确的距离或者方向。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，第二扫描源98包括适用于捕获字母数字的成像扫描模块。由第二扫描源98所获得的图像(第二扫描数据集)可以被后处理，并且通过利用存储在例如EPROM 124的存储器中的光学字符识别(OCR)软件，条形码的字母数字可以被识别。依照此方式，第一扫描源50难以识别的任意字符可以从第二扫描源98进行相互对照或者拼接。
在本发明的又一个实施例中，第二扫描源98包括用于冗余的RFID读取器32。因此，成像器不需要生成用于相互对照的第二扫描数据集。在一个例子中，RFID读取器32可以集成到激光扫描器52中。RFID标签可以在产品28上被读取，以及RFID读取器可以获得电子产品代码(EPC)作为第二扫描数据集并将其转换为用于查找的实际条形码。如果具有RFID标签的产品28在其上还具有条形码，则条形码扫描器(第一扫描源50)将读取该条形码30，并且还使该数据集可以用来与RFID读取器32所产生的条形码进行相互对照。依照此方式，如果第一扫描源50无法获得良好的读取，则增加冗余测量。
在本发明的又一个实施例中，第一扫描源50是称重秤模块48，而第二扫描源98是多像素图像传感器组件100。图像传感器组件100取决于加载在其中的软件可以执行多种多样的操作，比如解码条形码30、样式匹配或者颜色匹配。在一个例子中，图像传感器组件100可以执行条形码30上的解码操作，并且一旦产品28被识别，测量的产品重量可以与存储在存储器位置处的商品重量相比较，存储器比如是存储器装置126或者RDBMS服务器40。
以上描述的发明不局限于两个扫描源。可使用如实践一样多的许多不同技术的扫描源来实现期望的冗余或者侵入性的处理速度。在另一个实施例中，使用三个扫描源，包括激光扫描器、多像素图像传感器和OCR。在一个例子中，第一扫描数据集包括从激光扫描器中获得的UPC条形码的四个字符。从成像器中获得的第二扫描数据集包括条形码的七个字符，以及第三数据集包括从OCR软件中获得的条形码的五个字符。使用拼接技术，三个数据集可以进行比较和重叠识别以获取12字符的UPC代码。在另一例子中，三个完整的数据集被相互对照以用于冗余。如果所有三个数据集未精确地匹配，可使用算法选择哪些字符属于代码(例如三个中有两个匹配)。
本公开的改进之一在于增加了第一遍读出率。通过利用来自从不同技术的扫描源获得的多个数据集合的常规拼接技术，信息的部分位可以通过混合方式来组合，以在第一遍获得良好的读取，而没有解码错误以及求助于人工输入。
此外，因为扫描的条形码可以与其它识别信息相互对照以确保条形码匹配正确的产品，所以可以减少零售失窃。
虽然已经参照多个特定的实施例描述了本发明，将理解的是，本发明的真实精神和范围应该仅仅相对于由本说明书所支持的权利要求来确定。此外，虽然在这里的许多情况下，其中系统、设备和方法被描述为具有特定数量的元件，将理解的是，这种系统、设备和方法可以用比提及的特定数量更少的元件来实践。同样，虽然已经描述了多个特殊实施例，将理解的是，参照每一个特殊实施例所已经描述的多个特征和多个方面可以和每一个其余的特殊描述的实施例一起使用。
此处所描述的系统和方法的例子如下：
一种用于解码与产品相关联的编码的符号字符的系统，该系统包括：
双光学检查扫描设备，其包括置于外壳内的第一扫描源；置于该外壳内的第二扫描源，第二扫描源包括与第一扫描源的操作技术不同的操作技术；第一扫描源适用于输出第一扫描数据集；第二扫描源适用于输出第二扫描数据集；以及还包括中央处理单元，其适用于通过将第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集相互对照来执行条形码解码过程；
存储器，耦合至中央处理单元；
其中第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集中的至少一个包括产品条形码扫描数据。
段[0058]的系统，其中第一扫描源是激光扫描器，第二扫描源是多像素图像传感器组件，并且第一扫描数据集包括条形码数据。
段[0059]的系统，其中多像素图像传感器组件适于捕获编码的符号字符的图像，第二扫描数据集包括条形码数据，并且中央处理单元适于通过拼接第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集来执行条形码解码过程。
段[0057]的系统，其中第一扫描数据集包括产品条形码扫描数据，第二扫描源包括多像素图像传感器组件，该多像素图像传感器组件适用于捕获与产品条形码相关联的字母数字字符的图像，第二扫描数据集包括与产品条形码相关联的字母数字字符，并且中央处理单元适于访问光学字符识别软件以将产品条形码扫描数据与字母数字字符进行比较。
段[0061]的系统，其中第一扫描源是激光扫描器。
段[0057]的系统，其中第一扫描数据集包括产品条形码扫描数据，以及第二扫描源包括射频识别读取器。
段[0063]的系统，其中第二扫描数据集包括与存储在系统的存储器中的第一扫描数据集相关联的条形码数据，第二扫描数据集从关联由射频识别读取器所输出的电子产品代码而获得。
段[0057]的系统，其中第一扫描数据集包括产品条形码扫描数据，以及第二扫描源包括多像素图像传感器组件，该多像素图像传感器组件适用于捕获和输出与产品相关联的彩色图像作为第二扫描数据集，中央处理单元适于将从多像素图像传感器组件输出的彩色图像与产品彩色图像相比较，该产品彩色图像与存储在系统的存储器中的第一扫描数据集相关联。
段[0057]的系统，其中第一扫描数据集包括产品条形码扫描数据，以及第二扫描源包括多像素图像传感器组件，该多像素图像传感器组件适用于捕获和输出与产品相关联的样式图像作为第二扫描数据集，中央处理单元适于将从多像素图像传感器组件输出的样式图像与产品样式图像相比较，该产品样式图像与存储在系统的存储器中的第一扫描数据集相关联。
段[0057]的系统，其中第一扫描数据集包括产品条形码扫描数据，以及第二扫描源包括称重秤模块，该称重秤模块适用于输出与产品相关联的重量作为第二扫描数据集，中央处理单元适于将该产品的重量与和存储在系统的存储器中的第一扫描数据集相关联的产品重量相比较。
段[0057]的系统，其中外壳包括整体连接至垂直断面的水平断面，该水平断面包括在其中形成的水平扫描窗口，第一扫描源与水平扫描窗口对准，该垂直断面包括基本上与水平扫描窗口正交的垂直扫描窗口，第二扫描源与垂直扫描窗口对准。
一种用于解码光学标记的方法，包括如下步骤：
提供双光学检查扫描设备，其具有第一扫描源和第二扫描源，第二扫描源包括与第一扫描源的操作技术不同的操作技术；
用第一扫描源扫描固定到产品的光学标记；
从第一扫描源生成第一扫描数据集；
用第二扫描源扫描产品；
从第二扫描源生成第二扫描数据集；
将第一扫描数据集与第二扫描数据集相互对照；以及
从相互对照的第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集解码光学标记。
段[0069]的方法，其中用第二扫描源扫描产品的步骤包括扫描产品上的光学标记。
段[0070]的方法，其中第一扫描源是激光扫描器，以及第二扫描源是多像素图像传感器组件。
段[0070]的方法，其中将第一扫描数据集与第二扫描数据集相组合的步骤包括将第一扫描数据集的一部分与第二扫描数据集的一部分相组合。
段[0072]的方法，其中组合步骤是拼接。
段[0069]的方法，其中将第一扫描数据集与第二扫描数据集相组合的步骤包括针对冗余将第二扫描数据集与第一扫描数据集相互对照以。
段[0069]的方法，其中用第二扫描源扫描产品的步骤包括生成产品的图像。
段[0075]的方法，其中将第一扫描数据集与第二扫描数据集相组合的步骤包括将第二扫描数据集与和第一扫描数据集相关联的预存产品特征相比较。
段[0076]的方法，其中预存产品特征是尺寸。
段[0076]的方法，其中预存产品特征是颜色。
段[0076]的方法，其中预存产品特征是样式。
段[0069]的方法，其中用第二扫描源扫描产品的步骤包括用射频识别读取器扫描产品。
段[0080]的方法，其中射频识别读取器获取产品的电子产品代码，将该电子产品代码转换为作为第二扫描数据源的条形码，并将该条形码与第一扫描数据集进行比较。
段[0069]的方法，其中从组合的第一扫描数据集和第二扫描数据集解码光学标记的步骤包括确定哪个扫描数据集最快地解码了光学标记。
Claims (20)
1.一种系统，包括：
激光扫描器，用于输出第一数据集；
图像传感器，用于输出第二数据集；以及
中央处理单元，用于通过将所述第一数据集与所述第二数据集组合来执行解码过程。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中由所述中央处理单元执行的所述解码过程包括将所述第一数据集与所述第二数据集拼接。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括来自产品条形码的条形码数据；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品条形码关联的字母数字字符；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于执行光学字符识别软件并且用于将来自所述产品条形码的所述条形码数据和与所述产品条形码关联的所述字母数字字符相比较。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，包括用于输出第三数据集的射频识别读取器。
5. 如权利要求4所述的系统，其中：
所述第三数据集包括电子产品代码；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于通过将所述第一数据集、所述第二数据集和所述第三数据集组合来执行解码过程。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括来自产品的条形码数据；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品关联的彩色图像；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于将来自所述产品的所述条形码数据和与所述产品关联的所述彩色图像相比较。
7.一种系统，包括：
用于存储数据的存储器；
激光扫描器，用于输出包括条形码数据的第一数据集；
射频识别读取器，用于输出包括电子产品代码的第二数据集；以及
中央处理单元，用于通过将所述第一数据集与所述第二数据集组合来执行解码过程。
8.如权利要求7所述的系统，其中由所述中央处理单元执行的所述解码过程包括将所述第一数据集与所述第二数据集拼接。
9.如权利要求7所述的系统，其中所述中央处理单元被配置用于将所述电子产品代码转换为条形码。
10.如权利要求7所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括来自产品的条形码数据；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品关联的电子产品代码；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于将来自所述产品的所述条形码数据和与所述产品关联的所述电子产品代码相比较。
11.一种系统，包括：
称重秤模块，用于输出第一数据集；
图像传感器，用于输出第二数据集；以及
中央处理单元，用于：
对所述第二数据集进行解码；
从存储器中识别与解码的第二数据集对应的存储的数据集；以及
将所述第一数据集与存储的数据集相比较。
12.如权利要求11所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括产品的重量；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品关联的字母数字字符；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于执行光学字符识别软件并且用于将所述产品的重量和与所述产品关联的所述字母数字字符相比较。
13.如权利要求11所述的系统，包括用于输出第三数据集的射频识别读取器。
14. 如权利要求13所述的系统，其中：
所述第三数据集包括电子产品代码；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于通过将所述第一数据集、所述第二数据集和所述第三数据集组合来执行解码过程。
15.如权利要求11所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括产品的重量；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品关联的彩色图像；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于将所述产品的重量和与所述产品关联的所述彩色图像相比较。
16.一种系统，包括：
激光扫描器，用于输出第一数据集；
图像传感器，用于输出第二数据集；以及
中央处理单元，用于：
对通过所述图像传感器捕获的图像执行光学字符识别软件以输出第三数据集；以及
通过将所述第一数据集、所述第二数据集和所述第三数据集组合来执行解码过程。
17.如权利要求16所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括来自产品条形码的条形码数据；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品条形码关联的字母数字字符；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于将来自所述产品条形码的所述条形码数据和与所述产品条形码关联的所述字母数字字符相比较。
18.如权利要求16所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括来自产品的条形码数据；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品关联的彩色图像；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于将来自所述产品的所述条形码数据和与所述产品关联的所述彩色图像相比较。
19.如权利要求16所述的系统，其中：
所述第一数据集包括来自产品的条形码数据；
所述第二数据集包括与所述产品关联的图案图像；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于将来自所述产品的所述条形码数据和与所述产品关联的所述图案图像相比较。
20. 如权利要求16所述的系统，包括用于输出第四数据集的射频识别读取器，其中：
所述第四数据集包括电子产品代码；以及
所述中央处理单元被配置用于通过将所述第一数据集、所述第二数据集和所述第四数据集组合来执行解码过程。
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| US8678286B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
| CN107092849B (zh) | 2021-06-15 |
| US20140203087A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
| US20120193416A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| US20150242671A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
| EP2482224A2 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| EP2482224B1 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| US9355294B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
| EP2482224A3 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
| CN102682264A (zh) | 2012-09-19 |
| US9033240B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
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