CN107089048B - 一种冰包用tpu复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种冰包用tpu复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107089048B
CN107089048B CN201710232943.0A CN201710232943A CN107089048B CN 107089048 B CN107089048 B CN 107089048B CN 201710232943 A CN201710232943 A CN 201710232943A CN 107089048 B CN107089048 B CN 107089048B
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tpu
weight
parts
layer
tpu composite
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CN107089048A (zh
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何建雄
王良
王一良
杨博
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Dongguan Xionglin New Materials Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料及其制备方法,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为硅酸铝隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:40‑60重量份二异氰酸酯、30‑50重量份多元醇、1‑10重量份丁腈橡胶、1‑10重量份氟橡胶、10‑15重量份扩链剂和1‑3重量份催化剂。本发明制备得到的TPU复合材料的拉伸强度达到85‑99MPa,耐磨性良好,耐寒性良好,并且层间粘合力达到3.0‑4.5N/mm,适合用作冰包用材料。

Description

一种冰包用TPU复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,涉及一种冰包用TPU复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
冰包是具有保持恒温作用的包,冰包可以保冷也可以保热,冰包用的材料常为一种超厚的保温棉,能够起到保温隔热的作用,然而目前的冰包用材料还比较单一,经常是无纺布和保温棉,其经常需要很厚的保温棉才能起到较好的作用。在常用的高分子材料中,热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)是一种新型的有机高分子合成材料,其各项性能优异,可以代替橡胶、软性聚氯乙烯材料PVC等,其具有优异的物理性能,例如耐磨性,回弹力都好过普通聚氨酯和PVC,耐老化性好过橡胶,而且不用进行硫化处理,可以说是替代橡胶制品的最理想的材料,然而并不是所有热塑性聚氨酯材料均适用于冰包用材料。
因此,在本领域期望开发一种可用于冰包的TPU材料。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料及其制备方法。
为达此目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一方面,本发明提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为硅酸铝隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述尼龙纤维布的规格为50D-1000D,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
在本发明中利用异氰酸酯与多元醇反应来制备聚氨酯,在其中加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶来增强材料的耐低温性能,并提高材料的韧性和耐磨性,尼龙纤维布可以增强材料的柔韧性、强度,对材料耐低温性能的提高具有促进作用,在本发明所用材料的配合下使得得到的TPU薄膜具有良好的柔韧性,耐低温性能良好。
在本发明中,所述尼龙纤维布规格可以为70D、210D、420D、600D、840D或900D。
在本发明中,所述二异氰酸酯的用量可以为40重量份、41重量份、42重量份、43重量份、44重量份、45重量份、46重量份、47重量份、48重量份、49重量份、50重量份、51重量份、52重量份、53重量份、54重量份、55重量份、56重量份、57重量份、58重量份、59重量份或60重量份。
在本发明中,所述多元醇的用量可以为30重量份、31重量份、32重量份、33重量份、34重量份、35重量份、36重量份、37重量份、38重量份、39重量份、40重量份、41重量份、42重量份、43重量份、44重量份、45重量份、46重量份、47重量份、48重量份、49重量份或50重量份。
在本发明中,所述丁腈橡胶的用量可以为0重量份、1重量份、2重量份、3重量份、4重量份、5重量份、6重量份、7重量份、8重量份、9重量份或10重量份。
在本发明中,所述氟橡胶的用量可以为0重量份、1重量份、2重量份、3重量份、4重量份、5重量份、6重量份、7重量份、8重量份、9重量份或10重量份。
在本发明中,所述扩链剂的用量可以为10重量份、10.5重量份、11重量份、11.5重量份、12重量份、12.5重量份、13重量份、13.5重量份、14重量份、14.5重量份或15重量份。
在本发明中,所述催化剂的用量可以为1.3重量份、1.5重量份、1.8重量份、2重量份、2.3重量份、2.5重量份或2.8重量份。
优选地,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
优选地,所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,所述多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的混合物。
在本发明中选择两种特定的二异氰酸酯和两种多元醇相互配合,克服了利用单一的聚醚多元醇或聚酯多元醇与单一的二异氰酸酯反应产生的聚氨酯材料不易对软段和硬段进行控制的缺陷,本发明选用上述原料,在所述用量下可以很好地控制软段和硬段,使其得到的聚氨酯材料具有比较理想柔韧性。
优选地,所述甲苯二异氰酸酯与1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:(4-8),例如4:1、4.5:1、5:1、5.5:1、6:1、6.5:1、7:1、7.5:1或8:1。该两种特定二异氰酸酯相互配合使用,可以更好地调节聚氨酯材料的柔韧性,在所述质量比例下,二者协同使得聚氨酯材料具有良好的拉伸强度以及断裂伸长率。
优选地,所述聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为(2-4):1,例如2:1、2.2:1、2.5:1、2.8:1、3:1、3.3:1、3.5:1、3.8:1或4:1。
优选地,所述多元醇的数均分子量为500-6000,例如750、1000、1500、2000、3000、3500、4000、4500、5000、5500或6000。
优选地,所述丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈含量为25-30%,例如25%、26%、27%、28%、29%或30%,对于丁腈橡胶而言,丙烯腈含量越多,拉伸强度、耐热性、耐油性增强,但弹性、耐寒性降低则相应下降。在本发明所述各成分组分配比下将丙烯腈含量控制在25-30%,既可以保证具有较好的耐寒性,又可以保证具有较好的拉伸强度、耐热性和耐油性。
在本发明中,所述扩链剂为乙二醇、乙二胺、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇或1,5-戊二醇中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡、二辛酸二丁锡或二月桂酸二丁锡中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地,所述隔热棉层为硅酸铝隔热棉层。
另一方面,本发明提供了如上所述的冰包用TPU复合材料的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在搅拌条件下,真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与中间层硅酸铝隔热棉层进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
优选地,步骤(1)所述真空脱水时的温度为60-80℃,例如60℃、63℃、65℃、68℃、70℃、72℃、75℃、78℃或80℃。
优选地,步骤(1)所述搅拌的速率为1000-1500r/min,例如1000r/min、1100r/min、1200r/min、1300r/min、1400r/min或1500r/min。
优选地,步骤(1)所述真空脱水时的压力为-0.4~-0.2kPa,例如-0.4kPa、-0.38kPa、-0.35kPa、-0.33kPa、-0.3kPa、-0.28kPa、-0.25kPa、-0.23kPa或-0.2kPa。
优选地,步骤(2)所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120-130℃,例如120℃、125℃、128℃或130℃,混合段温度为130-150℃,例如132℃、135℃、138℃、140℃、143℃、145℃或148℃,挤出段温度为170-190℃,例如172℃、175℃、178℃、180℃、183℃、185℃或188℃,机头温度为150-160℃,例如153℃、155℃、158℃或160℃。
优选地,步骤(3)所述尼龙纤维布规格可以为70D、210D、420D、600D、840D或900D。
优选地,步骤(4)所述单螺杆挤出机的螺杆温度为170-220℃,例如175℃、185℃、195℃、200℃、205℃、210℃、215℃或220℃。
优选地,步骤(4)和步骤(5)所述热贴合的温度独立地为150-180℃,例如150℃、155℃、160℃、165℃、170℃、175℃或180℃。
作为优选技术方案,本发明所述的冰包用TPU复合材料的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1000-1500r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.4~-0.2kPa压力下在60-80℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120-130℃,混合段温度为130-150℃,挤出段温度为170-190℃,机头温度为150-160℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为170-220℃,模头温度为180-200℃下流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与硅酸铝隔热棉层在150-180℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明利用异氰酸酯与多元醇反应来制备聚氨酯材料,在其中加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶来增强材料的耐低温性能,并提高材料的韧性和耐磨性,在本发明所用材料的配合下使得得到的TPU薄膜具有良好的柔韧性,耐低温性能良好,本发明制备得到的TPU复合材料的拉伸强度达到85-99MPa,耐磨性良好,耐寒性良好,并且层间粘合力达到3.0-4.5N/mm。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
实施例1
在本实施例中,提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述尼龙纤维布层规格为840D,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
其中二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:5;多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为3:1,并且多元醇的数均分子量为2000,所述丁腈橡胶的丙烯腈含量为28%,所述扩链剂为乙二醇,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
制备方法如下:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1300r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.3kPa压力下在70℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120℃,混合段温度为140℃,挤出段温度为180℃,机头温度为150℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为170℃,模头温度为190℃下流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与硅酸铝隔热棉层在160℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
实施例2
在本实施例中,
提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述尼龙纤维布层规格为600D,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
其中二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:6;多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为2:1,并且多元醇的数均分子量为2500,所述丁腈橡胶的丙烯腈含量为25%,所述扩链剂为乙二醇,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
制备方法如下:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1000r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.4kPa压力下在80℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为130℃,混合段温度为150℃,挤出段温度为170℃,机头温度为160℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为180℃,模头温度为200℃下流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与硅酸铝隔热棉层在150℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
实施例3
在本实施例中,
提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述尼龙纤维布层规格为420D,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
其中二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:8;多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为2:1,并且多元醇的数均分子量为3000,所述丁腈橡胶的丙烯腈含量为30%,所述扩链剂为乙二胺,所述催化剂为二辛酸二丁锡。
制备方法如下:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1500r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.2kPa压力下在60℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120℃,混合段温度为130℃,挤出段温度为190℃,机头温度为150℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为190℃,模头温度为200℃下流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与中间层保温棉在160℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
实施例4
在本实施例中,
提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述尼龙纤维布层规格为210D,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
其中二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:4;多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为4:1,并且多元醇的数均分子量为3000,所述丁腈橡胶的丙烯腈含量为28%,所述扩链剂为1,3-丙二醇,所述催化剂为月硅酸二丁锡。
制备方法如下:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1000r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.4kPa压力下在70℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为130℃,混合段温度为150℃,挤出段温度为170℃,机头温度为160℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为180℃,模头温度为195℃下流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与中间层保温棉在170℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
实施例5
在本实施例中,
提供一种冰包用TPU复合材料,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述尼龙纤维布层规格为70D,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
其中二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:7;多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为3:1,并且多元醇的数均分子量为3500,所述丁腈橡胶的丙烯腈含量为26%,所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
制备方法如下:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1200r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.3kPa压力下在75℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120℃,混合段温度为140℃,挤出段温度为190℃,机头温度为155℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为185℃,模头温度为200℃下流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与中间层保温棉在180℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
对比例1
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,TPU薄膜层的原料中不包括丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶,其余原料和原料用量以及制备方法和条件均与实施例1相同。
对比例2
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,TPU复合膜层的原料中不包括丁腈橡胶,氟橡胶用量为7重量份,其余原料和原料用量以及制备方法和条件均与实施例1相同。
对比例3
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,TPU复合膜层的原料中不包括氟橡胶,丁腈橡胶用量为7重量份,其余原料和原料用量以及制备方法和条件均与实施例1相同。
对比例4
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,二异氰酸酯为单独的1,6-己二异氰酸酯,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例5
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,二异氰酸酯为单独的甲苯二异氰酸酯,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例6
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:3,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例7
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处仅在于,甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:10,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例8
该对比例于实施例1的不同之处仅在于,多元醇为聚醚多元醇,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例9
该对比例于实施例1的不同之处仅在于,多元醇为聚酯多元醇,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例10
该对比例于实施例1的不同之处仅在于,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为1:1,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例11
该对比例于实施例1的不同之处仅在于,聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为5:1,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例12
该对比例于实施例1的不同之处仅在于,多元醇的数均分子量为400,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例13
该对比例于实施例1的不同之处仅在于,多元醇的数均分子量为8000,除此之外,其余原料与原料用量以及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对实施例1-5以及对比例1-13制备得到的冰包用TPU复合材料进行性能测试,根据GB/T 1040.3-2006测试拉伸强,根据GB/T 1040.1-2006测试断裂伸长率,根据ASTM D1242-1995测试耐磨性,根据GB/T5470-2008测试耐寒性;根据GB/T14905-2009测试层间粘合力,数值越大说明结合力越好。结果如表1所示。
表1
由表1可知本发明制备得到的TPU复合材料的拉伸强度达到85-99MPa,耐磨性良好,耐寒性良好,并且层间粘合力达到3.0-4.5N/mm。
而当原料中不加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶(对比例1)时,或者加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶中的一者(对比例2-3)时,会显著影响材料的耐寒性,耐磨性和柔韧性,当将本发明的二异氰酸酯换成单独的己二异氰酸酯或甲苯二异氰酸酯(对比例4-5),或者当二者的质量比过小或过大(对比例6-7)时,由于软段和硬段比例调配不佳,使得影响TPU材料的拉伸强度,当将本发明的多元醇换成单独的聚醚多元醇或聚酯多元醇(对比例8-9),或者二者的质量过小或过大(对比例10-11),或者多元醇的数均分子量过小或过大(对比例12-13)时,同样会影响TPU材料的拉伸强度,影响材料的整体性能。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的冰包用TPU复合材料及其制备方法,但本发明并不局限于上述实施例,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述实施例才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (13)

1. 一种冰包用TPU复合材料,其特征在于,所述TPU复合材料包括外层、中间层和内层,所述外层和内层为TPU复合膜层,中间层为硅酸铝隔热棉层,所述TPU复合膜层包括由胶水粘合的TPU薄膜层与尼龙纤维布层,所述的TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
二异氰酸酯 40-60重量份
多元醇 30-50重量份
丁腈橡胶 1-10重量份
氟橡胶 1-10重量份
扩链剂 10-15重量份
催化剂 1-3重量份;
所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和1,6-己二异氰酸酯的混合物,所述多元醇为聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的混合物;所述甲苯二异氰酸酯与1,6-己二异氰酸酯的质量比为1:(4-8),所述聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的质量比为(2-4):1,所述多元醇的数均分子量为500-6000。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冰包用TPU复合材料,其特征在于,所述尼龙纤维布的规格为50D-1000D。
3.根据权利要求1所述的冰包用TPU复合材料,其特征在于,所述TPU薄膜层的原料包括以下成分:
二异氰酸酯 45-48重量份
多元醇 33-43重量份
丁腈橡胶 8-10重量份
氟橡胶 5-8重量份
扩链剂 10-13重量份
催化剂 1-2重量份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的冰包用TPU复合材料,其特征在于,所述丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈含量为25-30%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的冰包用TPU复合材料,其特征在于,所述扩链剂为乙二醇、乙二胺、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇或1,5-戊二醇中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的冰包用TPU复合材料,其特征在于,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡、二辛酸二丁锡或二月桂酸二丁锡中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的冰包用TPU复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在搅拌条件下,真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机流延成TPU薄膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU薄膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与硅酸铝隔热棉层进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述真空脱水时的温度为60-80℃。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述搅拌的速率为1000-1500r/min。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述真空脱水时的压力为-0.4~-0.2kPa。
11.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120-130℃,混合段温度为130-150℃,挤出段温度为170-190℃,机头温度为150-160℃;步骤(4)所述的单螺杆挤出机的螺杆温度为170-220℃,模头温度为180-200℃。
12.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)和步骤(5)所述热贴合的温度独立地为150-180℃。
13.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将二异氰酸酯加入到A储料罐中,多元醇加入到B储料罐中,扩链剂和催化剂加入到C储料罐中,在1000-1500 r/min转速搅拌下,于-0.4~-0.2kPa压力下在60-80℃真空脱水;
(2)利用真空泵将步骤(1)中的各原料抽注到双螺杆挤出机中,同时加入丁腈橡胶和氟橡胶混合均匀,反应造粒,得到TPU颗粒,所述双螺杆挤出机的喂料段温度为120-130℃,混合段温度为130-150℃,挤出段温度为170-190℃,机头温度为150-160℃;
(3)利用涂布机在尼龙纤维布上涂覆胶水,卷取备用;
(4)将步骤(2)得到的TPU颗粒通过单螺杆挤出机在螺杆温度为170-220℃,模头温度为180-200℃下流延成TPU膜,同时将步骤(3)得到的涂胶尼龙布放卷,与流延的TPU膜热贴合,得到所述的TPU复合膜;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的TPU复合膜与硅酸铝隔热棉层在150-180℃下进行热贴合,得到所述冰包用TPU复合材料。
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