CN107059416A - 以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布及其生产方法 - Google Patents

以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN107059416A
CN107059416A CN201710304920.6A CN201710304920A CN107059416A CN 107059416 A CN107059416 A CN 107059416A CN 201710304920 A CN201710304920 A CN 201710304920A CN 107059416 A CN107059416 A CN 107059416A
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tarpaulin
base fabric
woven fabrics
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short fiber
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田晓斌
王菲菲
刘冲
聂松林
刘威理
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Rich Non-Woven Co Ltd Of Tianding
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布及其生产方法,该篷布包括基布层和功能涂层,所述基布层为短纤维纤网与涤纶网格布形成的复合层,所述短纤维纤网由纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex、纤维长度为80‑110mm的涤纶短纤维制得,本发明提供的篷布以无纺布为基布,柔性好、质量轻,与现有的PE和PVC篷布相比,具有强度大、耐磨性好、耐老化性远大于PE编制复膜篷布等特点。

Description

以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合篷布领域,更具体地,涉及一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布及其生产方法。
背景技术
近年来,新型材料和生产技术的快速发展提升了我国产业用纺织品品种和质量,蓬盖布作为产业用纺织品中传统的大类,同样也得到了快速的发展。但从其基布的使用情况来看,仍然是以化纤经编、机织物涂覆聚氯乙烯或聚乙烯的涂层蓬盖材料为主,主要有以下几种工艺流程:
(1)PE篷布
一般是指彩条布,在PE编织布双面涂PE膜,其生产工艺为:PE拉丝→圆织布→双面淋膜→冷压→收卷,其特点是:幅宽大(现在可做到6m),质量轻,缺点是:不耐用,用一次后可能就会出现漏水现象;
(2)PVC篷布
一般是指涤纶布或者涤纶帘子布双面涂塑PVC糊树脂,由于是浸塑工艺,布缝隙里面都有PVC,防水性能好,其生产工艺为:涤纶布→浸塑→烘干→压光→冷却→收卷,特点是:防水性好。缺点是:不耐磨,抗拉强度小;
(3)高强帆布篷布
一般是指用高强机织布经过涂层整理生产的篷布,工艺流程是:基布→热轧→单面涂层→凝胶→冷却→收卷,其特点是:抗拉强度大、耐磨性好,缺点是:柔性不够、重量大。
通常情况下,对篷布的使用要求是:①强度高、耐磨损;②重量轻、易折叠;③防水、防霉、防火;④无芯吸效应。由此可见,目前的篷布不能完全满足使用要求,都存在一些缺陷,因此,有必要提供一种篷布,使其能克服现有篷布的缺点,满足篷布的使用要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种篷布,可以克服现有篷布的强度、柔性差以及重量大等缺点,满足篷布的使用要求。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的第一方面提供一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布,该篷布包括基布层和功能涂层,所述基布层为短纤维纤网与涤纶网格布形成的复合层,所述短纤维纤网由纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex、纤维长度为80-110mm的涤纶短纤维制得。
根据本发明的第二方面提供一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,该生产方法包括如下步骤:
基布加工,将涤纶短纤维原料依次经过开松、梳理、铺网、涤纶网格布复合、针刺加固及整形和拉幅定型的工序制成基布;
功能涂层处理,将所述基布依次经过热轧定型、功能整理与刀刮涂层和压光冷却的工序制成篷布;
其中,所述涤纶短纤维的纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex,所述涤纶短纤维的纤维长度为80-110mm。
根据本发明的第三方面提供一种根据上述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法生产的篷布。
通过上述技术方案,本发明具有如下优点:
(1)本发明提供的篷布以无纺布为基布,柔性好、质量轻,与现有的PE和PVC篷布相比,具有强度大、耐磨性好、耐老化性远大于PE编制复膜篷布等特点;
(2)与传统的篷布生产相比,本发明的篷布生产方法没有拉丝、经编等复杂的工艺过程,而是利用聚合物成网工艺直接加工的无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,进而简化了生产工艺,降低了直接生产成本;
(3)本发明解决了无纺布断裂强力不够、断裂伸长率高的问题,使得无纺布能够满足作为蓬布基布的要求;
(4)以无纺布为基布,不仅降低了基布单位面积的重量,同时因为无纺布的多孔性和三维结构,增加了涂层材料的浸透性,使涂层材料不仅存在于无纺布的表面,无纺布的纤维与纤维之间也浸有涂层材料,从而增强了蓬盖材料的耐磨性,延长了篷布的使用寿命。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
下面将更详细地描述本发明的优选实施方式。虽然以下描述了本发明的优选实施方式,然而应该理解,可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反,提供这些实施方式是为了使本发明更加透彻和完整,并且能够将本发明的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
根据本发明的第一方面提供了一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布,该篷布包括基布层和功能涂层,所述基布层为短纤维纤网与涤纶网格布形成的复合层,所述短纤维纤网由纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex、纤维长度为80-110mm的涤纶短纤维制得。
作为优选方案,所述复合层由短纤维纤网、涤纶网格布和短纤维纤网三层复合制得。
根据本发明的第二方面提供了一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,该生产方法包括如下步骤:
基布加工,将涤纶短纤维原料依次经过开松、梳理、铺网、涤纶网格布复合、针刺加固及整形和拉幅定型的工序制成基布;
功能涂层处理,将所述基布依次经过热轧定型、功能整理与刀刮涂层和压光冷却的工序制成篷布;
其中,所述涤纶短纤维的纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex,所述涤纶短纤维的纤维长度为80-110mm,优选为100-110mm。所述涤纶短纤维可以商购获得。
纤维原料对基布的强力指标很重要,经过优选,本发明选定纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex、纤维长度为80-110mm,优选为100-110mm的高强涤纶短纤维为基布原料,通过选择这种高强涤纶短纤维生产无纺布,解决了无纺布的断裂强度差、断裂伸长率高的问题,进而使得本发明提供的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布具有较高的强度。
作为优选方案,基布加工在拉幅定型后还包括基布收卷的工序,拉幅定型后的基布收卷优选为800-1000m的布卷;功能涂层处理在热轧定型前还包括基布开卷的工序,在压光冷却后还包括篷布收卷的工序,压光冷却后的篷布收卷优选收成需要的卷长的篷布卷。
开松和梳理均为常规的无纺布生产工艺,但是在本发明中,梳理机针布型号和隔距要能够适应较长的纤维。作为优选方案,梳理机针布型号优选为:锡林,V.F-4015-18,道夫,V.K-2510-0.8,工作辊和剥取辊,K-5040-0.9-R;隔距优选为:工作辊与剥取辊,0.5-0.8mm,剥取辊与锡林,0.5-0.7mm,工作辊与锡林,0.5-0.8mm,道夫与锡林,0.2-0.4mm。
根据本发明,优选地,所述铺网的条件包括:纤网定量为100-200g/m2,走布速度为3-5m/min。
作为优选方案,铺网可以按照常规的无纺布生产工艺进行。
根据本发明,优选地,所述涤纶网格布复合的方法包括:将所述涤纶网格布放入铺网得到的两层纤网之间。
具体的,在两台铺网机之间设有放卷装置,能把高强涤纶网格布均匀的放入两台铺网机之间的纤网中,使各层叠加在一起,待后续针刺实现复合。
根据本发明,优选地,所述涤纶网格布复合所用的涤纶网格布的强度≥300N/5cm,涤纶网格布的定量为45-60g/m2
根据本发明,优选地,所述针刺加固及整形的条件包括:预针刺密度为80-100次/cm2、主针刺密度为100-130次/cm2、整形针刺密度为100-130次/cm2,预针刺深度为:7-9mm、主针刺深度为5-7mm、整形针刺深度为3-5mm。
具体的,夹有涤纶网格布的纤网进入预针刺机,经过预针刺机的针刺加固,制成具有一定强度的无纺布,再经过主针刺进一步的加固和整形针刺机的整平,进而得到了高强、平整的基布。
根据本发明,优选地,所述拉幅定型的各区温度分别为:175-185℃、180-190℃、195-215℃、195-205℃,并且前三区的温度依次升高。
经过针刺加固后的无纺布具有了强度,但尺寸稳定性不够,必须经过拉幅定型,通过拉幅定型可以提高无纺布的尺寸稳定性。
根据本发明,优选地,所述热轧定型的条件包括:基布伸长率≤30%、基布厚度为0.5-1.2mm,热轧温度为190-210℃,走布速度为3-5m/min。
具体的,热轧定型先经过热轧烫平,热轧烫平的目的在于控制基布的厚度和基布的伸长率,经过热轧烫平的基布伸长率≤30%,厚度为0.5-1.2mm。
根据本发明,优选地,所述功能整理与刀刮涂层的条件包括:涂层厚度为0.2-0.4mm;涂层定量为50-100g/m2
作为优选方案,通常采用冷轧辊进行压光冷却。
根据本发明的第三方面提供了根据上述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法生产的篷布。
本发明提供的篷布与PE和PVC篷布相比,具有强度大、耐磨性好。与高强帆布篷布相比,具有强度相当、重量轻、成本低等特点。可在汽车篷布、火车篷布、军用篷布、野外旅游帐篷等领域推广应用。
本发明提供的篷布与PE和PVC篷布相比,具有强度大、耐磨性好的优点;其强度与高强帆布篷布的强度相当,并且重量轻、柔性好以及生产成本低;本发明的篷布可达到篷布BB/T-0037-2012标准要求的C级和D级,可在汽车篷布、火车篷布、军用篷布、野外旅游帐篷等领域推广应用。
以下通过实施例具体说明本发明。
以下进行的所有试验检测均按照BB/T-0037-2012双面涂覆聚氯乙烯阻燃防水布和篷布标准进行测试。
所用的涤纶短纤维购自中国石化齐鲁石化公司,涤纶网格布购自海宁市佳靓纺织有限公司。
实施例1
本实施例选定纤维断裂强度为6.0CN/dtex。型号为3D×108mm的涤纶短纤维生产涤纶短纤维无纺布,铺网的纤网定量为100g/m2,两层,涤纶网格布的定量为50g/m2,一层。
具体生产方法如下:
基布加工,将涤纶短纤维原料依次经过开松、梳理、铺网、涤纶网格布复合、针刺加固及整形和拉幅定型的工序制成基布;
功能涂层处理,将所述基布依次经过热轧定型、功能整理与刀刮涂层和压光冷却的工序制成篷布;
其中,梳理机针布型号为:锡林,V.F-4015-18,道夫,V.K-2510-0.8,工作辊和剥取辊,K-5040-0.9-R;隔距为:工作辊与剥取辊,0.55mm,剥取辊与锡林,0.6mm,工作辊与锡林,0.6mm,道夫与锡林,0.3mm;涤纶网格布复合为将所述涤纶网格布放入铺网得到的两层纤网之间,使各层叠加在一起,待后续针刺实现复合;其他工艺参数见表1,因为在一条生产线上进行生产,所以表1中的走布速度为主机速度,即铺网和热轧定型中的走布速度均与主机速度相同。篷布的检测结果见表2。
表1
表2
实施例2
本实施例选定纤维断裂强度为6.0CN/dtex。型号为3D×108mm的涤纶短纤维生产涤纶短纤维无纺布,铺网的纤网定量为150g/m2,两层,涤纶网格布的定量为50g/m2,一层。
具体生产方法如下:
基布加工,将涤纶短纤维原料依次经过开松、梳理、铺网、涤纶网格布复合、针刺加固及整形和拉幅定型的工序制成基布;
功能涂层处理,将所述基布依次经过热轧定型、功能整理与刀刮涂层和压光冷却的工序制成篷布;
其中,梳理机针布型号为:锡林,V.F-4015-18,道夫,V.K-2510-0.8,工作辊和剥取辊,K-5040-0.9-R,隔距为:工作辊与剥取辊,0.55mm,剥取辊与锡林,0.6mm,工作辊与锡林,0.6mm,道夫与锡林,0.3mm,涤纶网格布复合为将所述涤纶网格布放入铺网得到的两层纤网之间,使各层叠加在一起,待后续针刺实现复合;其他工艺参数见表3,因为在一条生产线上进行生产,所以表3中的走布速度为主机速度,即铺网和热轧定型中的走布速度均与主机速度相同。篷布的检测结果见表4。
表3
表4
表5给出了BB/T-0037-2012标准中的涂覆布物理机械性能参数指标,通过对比以上实施例中的检测结果可知,实施例1的篷布可以达到涂覆布的C级要求,实施例2篷布可以达到涂覆布的D级的要求,可见本发明的篷布具有良好的强度。
表5
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例,上述说明是示例性的,并非穷尽性的,并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。

Claims (10)

1.一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布,其特征在于,该篷布包括基布层和功能涂层,所述基布层为短纤维纤网与涤纶网格布形成的复合层,所述短纤维纤网由纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex、纤维长度为80-110mm的涤纶短纤维制得。
2.一种以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其特征在于,该生产方法包括如下步骤:
基布加工,将涤纶短纤维原料依次经过开松、梳理、铺网、涤纶网格布复合、针刺加固及整形和拉幅定型的工序制成基布;
功能涂层处理,将所述基布依次经过热轧定型、功能整理与刀刮涂层和压光冷却的工序制成所述篷布;
其中,所述涤纶短纤维的纤维断裂强度≥5.8CN/dtex,纤维长度为80-110mm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述铺网的条件包括:纤网定量为100-200g/m2,走布速度为3-5m/min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述涤纶网格布复合的方法包括:将所述涤纶网格布放入铺网得到的两层纤网之间。
5.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述涤纶网格布复合所用的涤纶网格布的强度≥300N/5cm,涤纶网格布的定量为45-60g/m2
6.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述针刺加固及整形的条件包括:预针刺密度为80-100次/cm2、主针刺密度为100-130次/cm2、整形针刺密度为100-130次/cm2,预针刺深度为:7-9mm、主针刺深度为5-7mm、整形针刺深度为3-5mm。
7.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述拉幅定型的各区温度分别为:175-185℃、180-190℃、195-215℃、195-205℃,并且前三区的温度依次升高。
8.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述热轧定型的条件包括:基布伸长率≤30%、基布厚度为0.5-1.2mm,热轧温度为190-210℃,走布速度为3-5m/min。
9.根据权利要求2所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法,其中,所述功能整理与刀刮涂层的条件包括:涂层厚度为0.2-0.4mm;涂层定量为50-100g/m2
10.根据权利要求2-9中任意一项所述的以复合短纤维无纺布为基布的篷布生产方法生产的篷布。
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