CN107050383A - 一种治疗食管癌的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗食管癌的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107050383A
CN107050383A CN201710163872.3A CN201710163872A CN107050383A CN 107050383 A CN107050383 A CN 107050383A CN 201710163872 A CN201710163872 A CN 201710163872A CN 107050383 A CN107050383 A CN 107050383A
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牛健坤
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗食管癌的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由沉香、桃仁、车前子、郁金、甘草、前胡、赭石、仙鹤草、白豆蔻、威灵仙、陈皮、白花蛇舌草、夏枯草、川贝母、百部、山慈姑、玄参、桔梗、枸杞子、木香、天门冬、莪术、槟榔、枳实、茯苓按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有降气化痰,散风清热,理气健脾,散结,行气破血的功能,用于治疗食管癌见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗食管癌的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗食管癌的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
食管癌是常见的消化道肿瘤,全世界每年约有30万人死于食管癌。其发病率和死亡率各国差异很大。我国是世界上食管癌高发地区之一,每年平均病死约15万人。男多于女,发病年龄多在40岁以上。中医则认为食管癌与痰气瘀阻,痰气火结,气滞中阻,气虚血瘀有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗食管癌的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗食管癌的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗食管癌的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择沉香、桃仁、车前子、郁金、甘草、前胡、赭石、仙鹤草、白豆蔻、威灵仙、陈皮、白花蛇舌草、夏枯草、川贝母、百部、山慈姑、玄参、桔梗、枸杞子、木香、天门冬、莪术、槟榔、枳实、茯苓、莱菔子、旋复花、血竭进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗食管癌。其中选用沉香是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肾、脾、胃经,有降气温中,暖肾纳气的功能,治气逆喘息,呕吐呃逆,脘腹胀痛,腰漆虚冷,大肠虚冷,小便气淋,男子精冷。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘,平,入心、肝、大肠经,有破血行瘀,润燥滑经的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,热病蓄血,血痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘。选用车前子是因为其性味甘,寒,入肾、膀胱经,有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能,治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,暑湿泻痢,咳嗽多痰,湿痹,目赤障翳。选用郁金是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肺、肝经,有行气解随,凉血破瘀的功能,治胸腹胁肋诸痛,失心癫狂,热病神昏,吐血,衄血,尿血,血淋,妇女倒经,黄疸。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用前胡是因为其性味辛、苦,微寒,归肺经,有散风清热,降气化痰的功能,治风热咳嗽,痰多,痰热喘满,咯痰黄稠。选用赭石是因为其性味苦、甘,微寒,归肝、胃、心经,有平肝潜阳,重镇降逆,凉血止血的功能,治头前眩晕,心悸,癫狂,惊痫,呕吐,噫气,咳嗽气喘,吐血,鼻衄,崩漏,便血,尿血。选用仙鹤草是因为其性味苦辛、平。入肺、肝、脾经。止血,健胃。治咯血,吐血,尿血,便血,赤白痢疾,崩漏带下,劳伤脱力,痈肿,跌打、创伤出血。选用白豆蔻是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、脾经,有行风,暖胃,消食,宽中的功能,治气滞,食滞,胸闷,腹胀,噫气,噎膈,吐逆,反胃,疟疾。选用威灵仙是因为其性味辛咸,温,有毒,入膀胱经,有祛风湿,通经络,消痰涎,散癖积的功能,治痛风、顽痹、腰膝冷痛,脚气,疟疾,癥瘕积聚,破伤风,扁桃体炎,诸骨鲠咽。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。选用白花蛇舌草是因为其性味苦甘,寒,入心、肝、脾三经,有清热,利湿,解毒的功能,治肺热喘咳,扁桃体炎,咽喉炎,阑尾炎,痢疾,黄疸,盆腔炎,附件炎,痈肿疔疮,毒蛇咬伤。选用夏枯草是因为其性味苦辛,寒,入肝、胆经,有清肝,散结的功能,治瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈,乳癌,目珠夜痛,羞明流泪,头目眩晕,口眼歪斜,筋骨疼痛,肺结核,急性黄疸型传染性肝炎,血崩,带下。选用川贝母是因为其性味苦甘,凉,入肺经,有润肺散结,止嗽化痰的功能,治虚劳咳嗽,吐痰咯血,心胸郁结,肺痿,肺痈,瘿瘤,瘰疬,喉痹,乳痈。选用百部是因为其性味甘苦,微温,入肺经,有温润肺气,止咳,杀虫的功能,治风寒咳嗽,百日咳,肺结核,老年咳喘、蛔虫、蛲虫病,皮肤疥癣、湿疹。选用山慈姑是因为其性味甘微辛,寒,入肝、脾经,有消肿,散结,化痰,解毒的功能,治痈疽疔肿,瘰疬,喉痹肿痛,蛇、虫、狂犬伤。选用玄参是因为其性味苦,咸,凉,入肺、肾经,有滋阴,降火,除烦,解毒的功能,治热病烦渴,发斑,骨蒸劳热,夜寐不宁,自汗盗汗,津伤便秘,吐血衄血,咽喉肿痛,痈肿,瘰疬。选用桔梗是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肺、胃经,有开宣肺气,祛痰排脓的功能,治外感咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,肺痈吐脓,胸满胁痛,痢疾腹痛。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗清。选用木香是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肺、肝、脾经,有行气止痛,温中和胃的功能,治中寒气滞,胸腹胀痛,呕吐,泄泻,下痢里急后重,寒疝。选用天门冬是因为其性味甘苦,寒,入肺、肾经,有滋阴,润燥,清肺,降火的功能,治阴虚发热,咳嗽吐血,肺痿,肺痈,咽喉肿痛,消渴,便秘。选用莪术是因为其性味辛、苦、温。归肝、脾经。行气破血,消积止痛。用于癥瘕痞块,瘀血经闭,食积胀痛,跌打肿痛,早期宫颈癌。选用槟榔是因为其性味苦辛,温,入脾、胃、大肠经,有杀虫,破积,下气,行水的功能,治虫积、食滞,脘腹胀痛,泻痢后重,疟疾,水肿,脚气,痰癖,癥结。选用枳实是因为其性味苦,寒,入脾、胃经,有破气,散痞,泻痰,消积的功能,治胸腹胀痛,胸痹,痞痛,痰癖,水肿,食积,便秘,胃下垂,子宫下垂,脱肛。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利,水肿胀满,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用莱菔子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肺、胃经,有下气定喘,消食化痰的功能,治咳嗽痰喘,食积气滞,胸闷腹胀,下痢后重。选用旋复花是因为其性味咸,温,入肺、肝、胃经,有消痰,下气,软坚,行水的功能,治胸中痰结,胁下胀满,咳喘,呃逆,唾如胶漆,心下痞硬,噫气不除,大腹水肿。选用血竭是因为其性味甘咸,平,入心、肝经,有散瘀定痛,止血生肌的功能,治跌打折损,内伤瘀痛,外伤出血不止,瘰疬,臁疮溃久不合。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
沉香10-20克,桃仁5-15克,车前子10-20克,郁金10-20克,甘草10-15克,前胡5-15克,赭石5-15克,仙鹤草15-25克,白豆蔻10-20克,威灵仙10-20克,陈皮10-15克,白花蛇舌草10-20克,夏枯草5-15克,川贝母10-15克,百部15-25克,山慈姑10-20克,玄参5-15克,桔梗5-10克,枸杞子5-15克,木香5-10克,天门冬10-20克,莪术5-15克,槟榔10-15克,枳实5-15克,茯苓10-15克,莱菔子5-15克,旋复花10-20克,血竭3-5克。
优选为:
沉香15克,桃仁10克,车前子15克,郁金15克,甘草12克,前胡10克,赭石10克,仙鹤草20克,白豆蔻15克,威灵仙15克,陈皮12克,白花蛇舌草15克,夏枯草10克,川贝母12克,百部20克,山慈姑15克,玄参10克,桔梗8克,枸杞子10克,木香8克,天门冬15克,莪术10克,槟榔12克,枳实10克,茯苓12克,莱菔子10克,旋复花15克,血竭4克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、沉香:刷净,劈成小块,用时捣碎;
2、桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
3、车前子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑,空粒;
4、郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
5、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
6、前胡:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥或低温干燥,筛去碎屑;
7、赭石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥,打成碎块;
8、仙鹤草:除去杂质残根,洗净,润透,切断,晒干;
9、白豆蔻:拣净杂质,筛去皮屑,打碎,或剥去果壳,取仁打碎用;
10、威灵仙:拣净杂质,除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切段,晒干;
11、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
12、白花蛇舌草:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥,筛去灰屑;
13、夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
14、川贝母:拣去杂质,用水稍泡,捞出,闷润,剥去心,晒干;
15、百部:拣净杂质,除去须根,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
16、山慈姑:除尽须根,洗净,清水浸泡2-4小时,取出润透,切片,晒干;
17、玄参:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净润透,切片,晾干;
18、桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
19、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
20、木香:将原生药放清水内洗净,捞出,闷润12—24小时使软,切片,晒干;
21、天门冬:拣去杂质,水洗净,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切段、干燥;
22、莪术:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,略浸泡,取出,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
23、槟榔:拣去杂质,以清水浸泡,按气温情况换水,至泡透为止,捞起,切片,晾干;
24、枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
25、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
26、莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
27、旋复花:拣净杂质,除去梗叶,筛去泥土;
28、血竭:拭去灰尘,敲成小块,于冬季干燥天气,放在石灰坛内使燥,然后乘脆研末。
二、制备
1、将炮制后的沉香、桃仁、车前子、郁金、甘草、前胡、赭石、仙鹤草、白豆蔻、威灵仙、陈皮、白花蛇舌草、夏枯草、川贝母、百部、山慈姑、玄参、桔梗、枸杞子、木香、天门冬、莪术、槟榔、枳实、茯苓、莱菔子、旋复花放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合加入血竭细末搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
组方中山慈姑有消肿,散结,化痰,解毒的功能为君药;前胡散风清热,降气化痰;陈皮有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥降气化痰,散风清热,理气健脾,散结,解毒的作用,治疗食管癌效力全面,且以降气化痰,散风清热,理气健脾,散结为主可治本,槟榔有杀虫,破积,下气,行水的功能为佐药,莪术有行气破血,消积止痛的功能为使药,与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有降气化痰,散风清热,理气健脾,散结,行气破血的功能,用于治疗食管癌,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治食管癌门诊患者共18例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为咽干、胸闷、阻塞,进食时异物感,间断胸骨后胀闷感、轻微疼痛,间断吞食停滞或顿挫感。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,15天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:食管癌症状消失,进食恢复正常,随访二年无复发;
好转:患者咽干、胸闷、阻塞,进食时异物感,间断胸骨后胀闷感、轻微疼痛,间断吞食停滞或顿挫感的症状减轻,食管癌症状明显好转,进食逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗食管癌患者18例,结果显效15例,显效率为83.33%,好转2例,好转率为11.11%,无效1例,总有效率为94.44%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗食管癌的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
沉香10-20克,桃仁5-15克,车前子10-20克,郁金10-20克,甘草10-15克,前胡5-15克,赭石5-15克,仙鹤草15-25克,白豆蔻10-20克,威灵仙10-20克,陈皮10-15克,白花蛇舌草10-20克,夏枯草5-15克,川贝母10-15克,百部15-25克,山慈姑10-20克,玄参5-15克,桔梗5-10克,枸杞子5-15克,木香5-10克,天门冬10-20克,莪术5-15克,槟榔10-15克,枳实5-15克,茯苓10-15克,莱菔子5-15克,旋复花10-20克,血竭3-5克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
沉香15克,桃仁10克,车前子15克,郁金15克,甘草12克,前胡10克,赭石10克,仙鹤草20克,白豆蔻15克,威灵仙15克,陈皮12克,白花蛇舌草15克,夏枯草10克,川贝母12克,百部20克,山慈姑15克,玄参10克,桔梗8克,枸杞子10克,木香8克,天门冬15克,莪术10克,槟榔12克,枳实10克,茯苓12克,莱菔子10克,旋复花15克,血竭4克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)沉香:刷净,劈成小块,用时捣碎;
(2)桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
(3)车前子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑,空粒;
(4)郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
(6)前胡:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥或低温干燥,筛去碎屑;
(7)赭石:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,干燥,打成碎块;
(8)仙鹤草:除去杂质残根,洗净,润透,切断,晒干;
(9)白豆蔻:拣净杂质,筛去皮屑,打碎,或剥去果壳,取仁打碎用;
(10)威灵仙:拣净杂质,除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切段,晒干;
(11)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(12)白花蛇舌草:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥,筛去灰屑;
(13)夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
(14)川贝母:拣去杂质,用水稍泡,捞出,闷润,剥去心,晒干;
(15)百部:拣净杂质,除去须根,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
(16)山慈姑:除尽须根,洗净,清水浸泡2-4小时,取出润透,切片,晒干;
(17)玄参:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净润透,切片,晾干;
(18)桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
(19)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(20)木香:将原生药放清水内洗净,捞出,闷润12—24小时使软,切片,晒干;
(21)天门冬:拣去杂质,水洗净,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切段、干燥;
(22)莪术:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,略浸泡,取出,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(23)槟榔:拣去杂质,以清水浸泡,按气温情况换水,至泡透为止,捞起,切片,晾干;
(24)枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
(25)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(26)莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
(27)旋复花:拣净杂质,除去梗叶,筛去泥土;
(28)血竭:拭去灰尘,敲成小块,于冬季干燥天气,放在石灰坛内使燥,然后乘脆研末;
(二)制备
(1)将炮制后的沉香、桃仁、车前子、郁金、甘草、前胡、赭石、仙鹤草、白豆蔻、威灵仙、陈皮、白花蛇舌草、夏枯草、川贝母、百部、山慈姑、玄参、桔梗、枸杞子、木香、天门冬、莪术、槟榔、枳实、茯苓、莱菔子、旋复花放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合加入血竭细末搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115364186A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-11-22 中国中医科学院广安门医院 一种用于食管癌术后的中药组合物及其应用

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