CN107011565A - 一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107011565A
CN107011565A CN201710405148.7A CN201710405148A CN107011565A CN 107011565 A CN107011565 A CN 107011565A CN 201710405148 A CN201710405148 A CN 201710405148A CN 107011565 A CN107011565 A CN 107011565A
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陈渠鍫
丁华雄
吴天平
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Three Starr (jiangsu) Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料和制备方法，将如下以重量计算的乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA 15‑25Phr、原米20‑30Phr、再生聚乙烯20‑30Phr、发泡剂1‑4Phr、氧化锌0.5～1Phr、硬脂酸0.5～1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.1‑0.5Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.1‑0.5Phr、抗菌剂0.1‑0.5Phr、碳酸钙10‑50Phr；通过混料、开炼、出片、硫化发泡、冷却成型、加工的工艺流程制备成抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，不仅具有良好的柔软性能、优异的手感、防滑性、弹性、压缩性能佳，并且还拥有良好的抗紫外线和抗菌防霉性能，延长了其制品的使用寿命和外观美感持久性；达到吸收紫外线、抑菌功能，与发泡材料本身的性能不产生影响的双赢状态。

Description

一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡材料领域，尤其涉及一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
发泡材料是指在物质内部气化产生气泡使之成为多孔物质的发泡的物质，具有重量轻、比强度高、绝缘性能优异、缓冲能力显著以及吸附能力强的优势，已经被广泛的应用在了汽车工业、建筑工业、包装工业、农业、水处理和空气过滤等领域；如制造泡沫塑料、泡沫橡胶、泡沫树脂等。
在将发泡材料应用到游艇脚踏垫、地垫、浴室垫等处时，与地板接触容易滋生细菌，对人的身体危害较大，另外在其他曝晒于太阳光下的应用领域，由于阳光线中含有大量对有色物体有害的紫外光，其波长约290-460纳米，这些有害的紫外光通过化学上的氧化还原作用，使颜色分子最后分解褪色，若发泡材料无一定的抗紫外能力，也会降低其制品的使用寿命和外观美感持久性。
目前也有单纯的通过在发泡材料加入一些抗紫外线剂，抗菌剂等做法，但是通常难以做到既能吸收阳光及荧光光源中的紫外线部分，起到抑制细菌的增长作用，又对发泡材料本身的性能不产生影响的双赢状态。
因此，一种新的具有抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料及其制备方法值得研究。
发明内容
发明目的：为了解决现有技术中所存在的问题，本发明提出了一种在不仅具有良好的柔软性能、优异的手感、防滑性、弹性、压缩性能佳，并且还拥有良好的抗紫外线和抗菌防霉性能的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料及其制备方法。
技术方案：为达以上目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，包括如下以重量计算的制备原料：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA15-25Phr、原米20-30Phr、再生聚乙烯20-30Phr、发泡剂1-4Phr、氧化锌0.5～1Phr、硬脂酸0.5～1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.1-0.5Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.1-0.5Phr、抗菌剂0.1-0.5Phr、碳酸钙10-50Phr；所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA内VA含量为18％。
各种原料的用量必须严格按比例严格控制配合：
合适的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物的添加比例可以提高产品的柔韧性、弹性，过量添加将会增加成本。
发泡剂的作用在于调节产品的密度和硬度。
氧化锌为助发泡剂，用于调节发泡速度，与发泡剂的量配合进行调节，过低则发泡剂发气量太小会造成发泡剂量的浪费、发泡速度减慢、硫化发泡时间延长、能耗增加的弊端，过多则发泡太快造成闭孔率下降，产品回弹性差的问题。
硬脂酸用作助发泡和润滑剂，调节发泡速度与操作过程中防粘作用，太少发泡稍变慢，物料在操作中稍粘设备，太多则发泡稍变快，混炼时打滑升温慢，开炼过程在开炼机上易脱辊。
无味交联剂，合适的添加可以调节材料交联密度；过少添加则会造成硫化发泡过程中交联密度低，从而熔体强度低以至包不住气体而形成连续孔结构或无法发泡；过多的添加则会造成硫化发泡过程中交联密度太高造成熔体强度太高而发泡倍率小或无法发泡。
碳酸钙，用作填充剂，合适的添加可以降低成本、改善发泡成核泡孔质量；过多的添加只会造成产品密度高、强度回弹变差，手感变差。
更为优选的，所述原米为可发泡的高压聚乙烯。
更为优选的，所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺。
更进一步的，所述无味交联剂为双叔丁过氧基二异丙苯。
所述抗菌剂为纳米银，外观为无色液体，有很强的杀菌作用。
更为优选的，所述紫外线吸收剂为苯并三氮唑，外观为无色或淡黄色结晶。能吸收270～280nm波长，熔点为103-108℃，主要用于聚酯、含氯聚酯、醋纤、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、有机玻璃、聚丙烯腈等树脂中；在透明制品中的稳定性较在着色制品是更好。
本发明还公开了一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)混料：按将所需原料按需备好，置于密炼机进行混料处理，其中密炼机内冷却水温为75-85℃，压缩空气压力为0.7-0.9MPa、料温为105-115℃时排出物料；
(2)开炼：将密炼机排出的物料送入开炼机进行开炼，前辊温度为80-90℃，后辊温度为70-80℃，辊距为0.3-0.7mm，补炼3-5遍；
(3)出片：将开炼后的物料送入出片机进行加工，得到料片后冷却，冷却水温≤35℃；
(4)硫化发泡：将出片后的料片送入平板硫化机进行硫化发泡处理，蒸汽压力为0.7-0.9MPa，硫化时间＝模具厚度×1.3min/mm；
(5)冷却成型、加工：冷却时间≥48小时，冷却水温为75-85℃，成型后切割、冲裁、印刷，得到所需抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料。
更为优选的，步骤(1)中的混料工艺的加料顺序为先将乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA、原米、再生聚乙烯、碳酸钙和硬脂酸加入密炼机混炼一次，等到大料抱团后再添加发泡剂、无味交联剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗菌剂以及氧化锌，待所有物料混匀均匀后，出料。
更为优选的，步骤(1)加料过程中温度不高于110℃。
更为优选的，所述步骤(4)中模具规格为600mm×200mm×12mm，硫化时间为16min。
有益效果：本发明提供的一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料和制备方法，将如下以重量计算的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA 15-25Phr、原米20-30Phr、再生聚乙烯20-30Phr、发泡剂1-4Phr、氧化锌0.5～1Phr、硬脂酸0.5～1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.1-0.5Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.1-0.5Phr、抗菌剂0.1-0.5Phr、碳酸钙10-50Phr；通过混料、开炼、出片、硫化发泡、冷却成型、加工的工艺流程制备成抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，不仅具有良好的柔软性能、优异的手感、防滑性、弹性、压缩性能佳，并且还拥有良好的抗紫外线和抗菌防霉性能，延长了其制品的使用寿命和外观美感持久性；达到吸收紫外线、抑菌功能，与发泡材料本身的性能不产生影响的双赢状态。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，包括如下以重量计算的制备原料：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA 20Phr、原米25Phr、再生聚乙烯25Phr、发泡剂2Phr、氧化锌1Phr、硬脂酸1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.8Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.2Phr、抗菌剂0.2Phr、碳酸钙30Phr。
实施例2：
一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，包括如下以重量计算的制备原料：EVA15Phr、原米30Phr、再生聚乙烯20Phr、发泡剂1-4Phr、氧化锌0.5～1Phr、硬脂酸0.5～1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.1-0.5Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.3Phr、抗菌剂0.3Phr、碳酸钙35Phr。
实施例3：
一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，包括如下以重量计算的制备原料：EVA30Phr、原米10Phr、再生聚乙烯25Phr、发泡剂3Phr、氧化锌1Phr、硬脂酸1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.7Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.4Phr、抗菌剂0.4Phr、碳酸钙35Phr。
实施例4：
采取实施例1中的配比，上述一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)混料：按将所需原料按需备好，置于密炼机进行混料处理，其中密炼机内冷却水温为75-85℃，压缩空气压力为0.7-0.9MPa、料温为105-115℃时排出物料；其中加料过程中温度不高于110℃，加料顺序为先将乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA、原米、再生聚乙烯、碳酸钙和硬脂酸加入密炼机混炼一次，等到大料抱团后再添加发泡剂、无味交联剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗菌剂以及氧化锌，待所有物料混匀均匀后，出料；
(2)开炼：将密炼机排出的物料送入开炼机进行开炼，前辊温度为80-90℃，后辊温度为70-80℃，辊距为0.3-0.7mm，补炼3-5遍；
(3)出片：将开炼后的物料送入出片机进行加工，得到料片后冷却，冷却水温≤35℃；
(4)硫化发泡：将出片后的料片送入平板硫化机进行硫化发泡处理，蒸汽压力为0.7-0.9MPa，硫化时间＝模具厚度×1.3min/mm；模具规格为600mm×200mm×12mm，硫化时间为16min；
(5)冷却成型、加工：冷却时间≥48小时，冷却水温为75-85℃，成型后切割、冲裁、印刷，得到所需抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料。
实施例5：
按实施例2的配比，制备方法同实施例4。
实施例6：
按实施例3的配比，制备方法同实施例4。
取上述实施例4-6制备的发泡材料进行抗菌性能测试：
1)抗菌性能测试：
A、测试方法：JISZ2801：2010抗菌加工制品-抗菌性试验方法和抗菌效果测试
B、测试结果：
表1：抗菌性能测试
从表1中数据可以看出，本发明制备的发泡材料的抗菌抗黄变能力优异，延长了其制品的使用寿命和外观美感持久性。
应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，其特征在于包括如下以重量计算的制备原料：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA 15-25Phr、原米20-30Phr、再生聚乙烯20-30Phr、发泡剂1-4Phr、氧化锌0.5～1Phr、硬脂酸0.5～1.0Phr、无味交联剂0.1-0.5Phr、紫外线吸收剂0.1-0.5Phr、抗菌剂0.1-0.5Phr、碳酸钙10-50Phr；所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA内VA含量为18％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，其特征在于：所述原米为可发泡的高压聚乙烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，其特征在于：所述无味交联剂为双叔丁过氧基二异丙苯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，其特征在于：所述抗菌剂为纳米银。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料，其特征在于：所述紫外线吸收剂为苯并三氮唑。
7.如权利要求1所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
(1)混料：按将所需原料按需备好，置于密炼机进行混料处理，其中密炼机内冷却水温为75-85℃，压缩空气压力为0.7-0.9MPa、料温为105-115℃时排出物料；
(2)开炼：将密炼机排出的物料送入开炼机进行开炼，前辊温度为80-90℃，后辊温度为70-80℃，辊距为0.3-0.7mm，补炼3-5遍；
(3)出片：将开炼后的物料送入出片机进行加工，得到料片后冷却，冷却水温≤35℃；
(4)硫化发泡：将出片后的料片送入平板硫化机进行硫化发泡处理，蒸汽压力为0.7-0.9MPa，硫化时间＝模具厚度×1.3min/mm；
(5)冷却成型、加工：冷却时间≥48小时，冷却水温为75-85℃，成型后切割、冲裁、印刷，得到所需抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中的混料工艺的加料顺序为先将乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA、原米、再生聚乙烯、碳酸钙和硬脂酸加入密炼机混炼一次，等到大料抱团后再添加发泡剂、无味交联剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗菌剂以及氧化锌，待所有物料混匀均匀后，出料。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)加料过程中温度不高于110℃。
10.根据权利要求7所述的抗菌防霉抗紫外线的发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(4)中模具规格为600mm×200mm×12mm，硫化时间为16min。
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