CN107141627A - 一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料和制备方法,将如下以重量计算的改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料40‑60Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 10‑20Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5‑2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5‑1Phr、交联助剂0.02‑0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙15‑20Phr;通过混料、开炼、出片、硫化发泡、冷却成型、加工的工艺流程制备成用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,通过改性使聚苯乙烯的熔点降到130℃,能够进行模压发泡,该材料不仅具有普通发泡材料的优点,还具有良好的抗冲击性能、抗压性能以及较强的刚度和硬度,提高了儿童玩乐桌椅的安全性能和使用寿命,较原木材料来说还大大降低了成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡材料领域,尤其涉及一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
发泡材料是指能在物质内部气化产生气泡使之成为多孔物质的发泡的物质,如制造泡沫塑料、泡沫橡胶、泡沫树脂等等;发泡材料具有重量轻、比强度高、绝缘性能优异、缓冲能力显著以及吸附能力强的优势,已经被广泛的应用在了汽车工业、建筑工业、包装工业、农业、水处理、空气过滤以及各种家居用品等领域。
发泡材料目前在儿童玩乐桌椅中的应用大部分使用原木材料,具有价格成本高,且颜色单一的缺点,也用使用聚乙烯发泡材料的,存在抗冲击性能和抗压性能差的缺陷,使用寿命不长,还存在一定的安全隐患。
聚苯乙烯发泡材料相对于上述材料来说不仅具有更优秀的抗冲击性和抗压性以及较高的强度和硬度,而且可调配各种丰富的颜色,价格成本比原木低,因此选用该材料用以取代原木材料用在儿童玩乐桌椅上是可行的。但是普通的聚苯乙烯发泡材料的制备过程中,由于聚苯乙烯的熔点太高,而加入氧化锌的发泡剂分解温度过低,无法使聚苯乙烯边发泡边交联,所以必须对聚苯乙烯进行改性,降低它的熔点。
如何对其进行一定的改性并与其他材料进行合适的组分配合、比例调整配合以获得最佳的上述性能值得研究。
发明内容
发明目的:为了解决现有技术中所存在的问题,本发明提出了一种具有良好的抗冲击性能、抗压性能以及较强的刚度和硬度,安全性能高的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料和方法。
技术方案:为达以上目的,本发明采取以下技术方案:一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,包括如下以重量计算的制备原料:改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料40-60Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 10-20Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5-2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5-1Phr、交联助剂0.02-0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙15-20Phr;改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料40-60Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 10-20Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5-2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5-1Phr、交联助剂0.02-0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙15-20Phr;所述改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料由聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油共混再经过双螺杆高温挤出造粒而成,其中聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油的质量比例为2.5:1:7,其中SEBS的作用是为了增加共混材料的柔韧性和抗冲击性能,白矿油的作用是为了降低产品的硬度,以满足模压发泡的工艺要求。
聚苯乙烯是由苯乙烯单体经自由基加聚反应合成的聚合物,聚苯乙烯发泡材料通过模压发泡制成产品,因为聚苯乙烯的熔点为166℃,熔点太高,而加入氧化锌的发泡剂分解温度过低,无法使聚苯乙烯边发泡边交联,所以必须对聚苯乙烯进行改性,降低它的熔点因此选用SEBS和白矿油与聚苯乙烯进行共混改性,降低它的熔点,从而保证能在制备过程中的发泡交联同时进行。
各种原料的用量必须严格按比例严格控制配合:
再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE的合适添加可以提高产品的耐寒性、耐热性、耐磨性和耐化学性,过量添加则会导致产品表面粗糙,手感不好,弹性降低。
发泡剂的作用在于调节产品的密度和硬度。
氧化锌为助发泡剂,用于调节发泡速度,与发泡剂的量配合进行调节,过低则发泡剂发气量太小会造成发泡剂量的浪费、发泡速度减慢、硫化发泡时间延长、能耗增加的弊端,过多则发泡太快造成闭孔率下降,产品回弹性差的问题。
硬脂酸用作助发泡和润滑剂,调节发泡速度与操作过程中防粘作用,太少发泡稍变慢,物料在操作中稍粘设备,太多则发泡稍变快,混炼时打滑升温慢,开炼过程在开炼机上易脱辊。
过氧化物交联剂,合适的添加可以调节材料交联密度;过少添加则会造成硫化发泡过程中交联密度低,从而熔体强度低以至包不住气体而形成连续孔结构或无法发泡;过多的添加则会造成硫化发泡过程中交联密度太高造成熔体强度太高而发泡倍率小或无法发泡。
交联助剂,辅助过氧化物交联剂交联,与聚苯乙烯进行共聚反应,可制成耐热性良好的较软制品,合理的添加可根本改变普通聚苯乙烯的主要缺点。
碳酸钙,用作填充剂,合适的添加可以降低成本、改善发泡成核泡孔质量;过多的添加只会造成产品密度高、强度回弹变差,手感变差。
更为优选的,所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺。
更为优选的,所述过氧化物交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯、双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯中的一种。
更为优选的,所述交联助剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯。
本发明还公开了上述一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)混料:按将所需原料按需备好,置于密炼机进行混料处理,其中密炼机内冷却水温为75-85℃,压缩空气压力为0.7-0.9MPa、料温为105-115℃时排出物料;
(2)开炼:将密炼机排出的物料送入开炼机进行开炼,前辊温度为80-90℃,后辊温度为70-80℃,辊距为0.3-0.7mm,补炼3-5遍;
(3)出片:将开炼后的物料送入出片机进行加工,得到料片后冷却,冷却水温≤35℃;
(4)硫化发泡:将出片后的料片送入平板硫化机进行硫化发泡处理,蒸汽压力为0.75-0.8MPa,硫化时间=模具厚度×1.1min/mm;
(5)冷却成型、加工:冷却时间≥48小时,冷却水温为80-90℃,成型后切割、冲裁、印刷,得到所需发泡材料。
更为优选的,步骤(1)中的混料工艺的加料顺序为先将改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE、碳酸钙和硬脂酸加入密炼机混炼一次,等到大料抱团后再添加发泡剂、过氧化物交联剂、氧化锌,待所有物料混匀均匀后,出料。
更为优选的,步骤(1)加料过程中温度不高于140℃。
更为优选的,所述步骤(4)中模具规格为600mm×200mm×18mm,硫化时间为27min。
有益效果:本发明提供的一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料和制备方法,将如下以重量计算的改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料40-60Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 10-20Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5-2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5-1Phr、交联助剂0.02-0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙15-20Phr;通过混料、开炼、出片、硫化发泡、冷却成型、加工的工艺流程制备成用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,通过改性使聚苯乙烯的熔点降到130℃,能够进行模压发泡,该材料不仅具有普通发泡材料的优点,还具有良好的抗冲击性能、抗压性能以及较强的刚度和硬度,提高了儿童玩乐桌椅的安全性能和使用寿命,较原木材料来说还大大降低了成本。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,包括如下以重量计算的制备原料:改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料60Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 10Phr、发泡剂1Phr、氧化锌2Phr、硬脂酸1.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.8Phr、交联助剂0.3Phr、重质碳酸钙20Phr。所述改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料由聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油共混再经过双螺杆高温挤出造粒而成,其中聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油的质量比例为2.5:1:7,其中SEBS的作用是为了增加共混材料的柔韧性和抗冲击性能,白矿油的作用是为了降低产品的硬度,以满足模压发泡的工艺要求。所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺;所述过氧化物交联剂为双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯;所述交联助剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯。
实施例2:
一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,包括如下以重量计算的制备原料:改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料50Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 20Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5-2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5-1Phr、交联助剂0.02-0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙20Phr;所述改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料由聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油共混再经过双螺杆高温挤出造粒而成,其中聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油的质量比例为2.5:1:7,其中SEBS的作用是为了增加共混材料的柔韧性和抗冲击性能,白矿油的作用是为了降低产品的硬度,以满足模压发泡的工艺要求。所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺;所述过氧化物交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯或或双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯;所述交联助剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯。
实施例3:
一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,包括如下以重量计算的制备原料:改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料55Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE 15Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5-2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5-1Phr、交联助剂0.02-0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙20Phr;所述改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料由聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油共混再经过双螺杆高温挤出造粒而成,其中聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油的质量比例为2.5:1:7,其中SEBS的作用是为了增加共混材料的柔韧性和抗冲击性能,白矿油的作用是为了降低产品的硬度,以满足模压发泡的工艺要求。所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺;所述过氧化物交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯或或双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯;所述交联助剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯。
实施例4:采取实施例1的配比,上述一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)混料:按将所需原料按需备好,置于密炼机进行混料处理,其中密炼机内冷却水温为75-85℃,压缩空气压力为0.7-0.9MPa、料温为105-115℃时排出物料;加料温度不超过140℃,加料顺序为先将乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE、生物降解材料、碳酸钙和硬脂酸加入密炼机混炼一次,等到大料抱团后再添加发泡剂、过氧化物交联剂、氧化锌,待所有物料混匀均匀后,出料;
(2)开炼:将密炼机排出的物料送入开炼机进行开炼,前辊温度为80-90℃,后辊温度为70-80℃,辊距为0.3-0.7mm,补炼3-5遍;
(3)出片:将开炼后的物料送入出片机进行加工,得到料片后冷却,冷却水温≤35℃;
(4)硫化发泡:将出片后的料片送入平板硫化机进行硫化发泡处理,蒸汽压力为0.75-0.8MPa,模具规格为600mm×200mm×18mm,硫化时间为27min;
(5)冷却成型、加工:冷却时间≥48小时,冷却水温为80-90℃,成型后切割、冲裁、印刷,得到所需用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料。
实施例5:
采取实施例2的配比,制备方法同实施例4。
实施例5:
采取实施例3的配比,制备方法同实施例4。
取本发明实施例4-6中制备的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料与用市售普通发泡材料制备的儿童玩乐桌椅分别取一定量的材料进行对比测试,测试项目为硬度,密度,拉伸强度以及冲击强度,具体数据如表1所示:
表1:性能测试对比
硬度 | 密度Kg/m3 | 拉伸强度KJ/㎡ | 冲击强度KJ/㎡ | |
实施例4 | 85C | 680 | 24 | 26 |
实施例5 | 81C | 590 | 21 | 19 |
实施例6 | 83C | 640 | 23 | 23 |
对比例 | 78C | 530 | 22 | 15 |
从表1数据可以看出,本发明制备的儿童玩乐桌椅无论是从硬度、密度、还是拉伸强度和冲击强度上来看,均优于市售普通发泡材料制备而成的儿童玩乐桌椅,提高了儿童玩乐桌椅的安全性能和使用寿命,较原木材料来说还大大降低了成本。
应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,其特征在于包括如下以重量计算的制备原料:改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料40-60Phr、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE10-20Phr、发泡剂0.2~1Phr、氧化锌0.5-2Phr、硬脂酸1.0~3.0Phr、过氧化物交联剂0.5-1Phr、交联助剂0.02-0.1Phr、重质碳酸钙15-20Phr;所述改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料由聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油共混再经过双螺杆高温挤出造粒而成,其中聚苯乙烯、SEBS以及白矿油的质量比例为2.5:1:7。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,其特征在于:所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,其特征在于:所述过氧化物交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯、双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料,其特征在于:所述交联助剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)混料:按将所需原料按需备好,置于密炼机进行混料处理,其中密炼机内冷却水温为75-85℃,压缩空气压力为0.7-0.9MPa、料温为105-115℃时排出物料;
(2)开炼:将密炼机排出的物料送入开炼机进行开炼,前辊温度为80-90℃,后辊温度为70-80℃,辊距为0.3-0.7mm,补炼3-5遍;
(3)出片:将开炼后的物料送入出片机进行加工,得到料片后冷却,冷却水温≤35℃;
(4)硫化发泡:将出片后的料片送入平板硫化机进行硫化发泡处理,蒸汽压力为0.75-0.8MPa,硫化时间=模具厚度×1.5min/mm;
(5)冷却成型、加工:冷却时间≥48小时,冷却水温为80-90℃,成型后切割、冲裁、印刷,得到所需用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的混料工艺的加料顺序为先将改性聚苯乙烯发泡材料、再生低密度高压聚乙烯LDPE、重质碳酸钙和硬脂酸加入密炼机混炼一次,等到大料抱团后再添加发泡剂、过氧化物交联剂、交联助剂、氧化锌,待所有物料混匀均匀后,出料。
7.根据权利要求5所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)加料过程中温度不高于140℃。
8.根据权利要求5所述的用于儿童玩乐桌椅的发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中模具规格为600mm×200mm×18mm,硫化时间为27min。
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