CN107010977A - 一种抗断裂陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗断裂陶瓷材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107010977A
CN107010977A CN201710357355.XA CN201710357355A CN107010977A CN 107010977 A CN107010977 A CN 107010977A CN 201710357355 A CN201710357355 A CN 201710357355A CN 107010977 A CN107010977 A CN 107010977A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗断裂陶瓷材料及其制备方法，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝16‑19份、玻璃纤维13‑25份、乙酸锆2‑7份、氟钛酸钠1‑3份、碳化钛3‑5份、氧化钽5‑15份、三氧化铼6‑12份、富马酸二甲酯4‑8份、硅藻土15‑20份、粉煤灰5‑13份、黑青石5‑11份、Cr2O38‑12份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂3‑11份。该抗断裂陶瓷材料通过原料复配发挥协同作用，具有力学强度高、密度低、抗脆性断裂和裂痕的优点；该抗断裂陶瓷材料制备方法简单，易于工业化生产。

Description

一种抗断裂陶瓷材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷材料，具体是一种抗断裂陶瓷材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷材料由于其原料和制备工艺的特殊性，因而具有天然的孔隙率，在很多时候，这些孔隙率具有特殊的优异性能的同时，能减轻陶瓷材料的重量。不同的原料制得的陶瓷的各项性能也不同，在制备陶瓷材料的过程中，通常通过加入粉末状、颗粒状和纤维状的物质，从而增加陶瓷材料的孔隙率和孔的大小，是大量的空隙相互连通。当在陶瓷中引入较多的空隙，特别是开放型空隙时，容易出现断裂系数的显著降低。如何制备具有较低密度和较高力学强度的陶瓷材料也一直成为研究者所关注的。
目前市场上出现了较多的新型陶瓷材料，新型陶瓷材料虽然有着独特的优越性，但仍然存在着脆性较大、易断裂的问题，因而使其应用受到了较大的限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种抗断裂陶瓷材料及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝16-19份、玻璃纤维13-25份、乙酸锆2-7份、氟钛酸钠1-3份、碳化钛3-5份、氧化钽5-15份、三氧化铼6-12份、富马酸二甲酯4-8份、硅藻土15-20份、粉煤灰5-13份、黑青石5-11份、Cr2O3 8-12份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂3-11份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝18份、玻璃纤维22份、乙酸锆6份、氟钛酸钠2份、碳化钛4份、氧化钽11份、三氧化铼8份、富马酸二甲酯7份、硅藻土17份、粉煤灰10份、黑青石7份、Cr2O3 11份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂9份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：还包括栗木灰5-8份、花岗石3-8份。
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.5-1h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应1-3h，搅拌速度150-280转/min；
(4)将上步所得物在400-650℃下预烧结0.5-1h；升温至800-900℃，烧结1-2h，保温0.5-1h；继续升温至900-1000℃，烧结0.5-1h，保温10-15min；降温至200-280℃，保温10-30min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述步骤(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.8h，得到混合物料。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述步骤(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应2.5h，搅拌速度205转/min。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述步骤(4)将上步所得物在425℃下预烧结0.7h；升温至845℃，烧结1.3h，保温0.6h；继续升温至945℃，烧结0.8h，保温12min；降温至235℃，保温15min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
该抗断裂陶瓷材料通过原料复配发挥协同作用，具有力学强度高、密度低、抗脆性断裂和裂痕的优点；该抗断裂陶瓷材料制备方法简单，易于工业化生产；增加泡沫铝，可提高该抗断裂陶瓷材料的耐候性、耐高温性能、防火性能及抗腐蚀性能等。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝16份、玻璃纤维13份、乙酸锆2份、氟钛酸钠1份、碳化钛3份、氧化钽5份、三氧化铼6份、富马酸二甲酯4份、硅藻土15份、粉煤灰5份、黑青石5份、Cr2O3 8份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂3份。
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.5h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应1h，搅拌速度150转/min；
(4)将上步所得物在400℃下预烧结0.5h；升温至800℃，烧结1h，保温0.5h；继续升温至900℃，烧结0.5h，保温10min；降温至200℃，保温10min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
实施例2
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝19份、玻璃纤维25份、乙酸锆7份、氟钛酸钠3份、碳化钛5份、氧化钽15份、三氧化铼12份、富马酸二甲酯8份、硅藻土20份、粉煤灰13份、黑青石11份、Cr2O3 12份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂11份。
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨1h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应3h，搅拌速度280转/min；
(4)将上步所得物在650℃下预烧结1h；升温至900℃，烧结2h，保温1h；继续升温至1000℃，烧结1h，保温15min；降温至280℃，保温30min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
实施例3
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝18份、玻璃纤维22份、乙酸锆6份、氟钛酸钠2份、碳化钛4份、氧化钽11份、三氧化铼8份、富马酸二甲酯7份、硅藻土17份、粉煤灰10份、黑青石7份、Cr2O3 11份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂9份。还包括栗木灰6份、花岗石5份。
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、栗木灰、花岗石、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.8h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应2.5h，搅拌速度205转/min；
4)将上步所得物在425℃下预烧结0.7h；升温至845℃，烧结1.3h，保温0.6h；继续升温至945℃，烧结0.8h，保温12min；降温至235℃，保温15min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
实施例4
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝17份、玻璃纤维22份、乙酸锆3份、氟钛酸钠2.8份、碳化钛3.2份、氧化钽13份、三氧化铼7份、富马酸二甲酯7份、硅藻土12份、粉煤灰12份、黑青石6份、Cr2O3 11份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂4份。还包括栗木灰5份、花岗石3份。
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、栗木灰、花岗石、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.9h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应1.2h，搅拌速度270转/min；
(4)将上步所得物在415℃下预烧结0.9h；升温至805℃，烧结1.6h，保温0.6h；继续升温至925℃，烧结0.9h，保温12min；降温至225℃，保温13min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
实施例5
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝18份、玻璃纤维14份、乙酸锆6.8份、氟钛酸钠1.2份、碳化钛4.5份、氧化钽6份、三氧化铼11份、富马酸二甲酯5份、硅藻土19份、粉煤灰6份、黑青石10份、Cr2O3 9份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂10份。还包括栗木灰8份、花岗石8份。
一种抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、栗木灰、花岗石、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.6h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应2.8h，搅拌速度155转/min；
(4)将上步所得物在640℃下预烧结0.6h；升温至885℃，烧结1.2h，保温0.9h；继续升温至985℃，烧结0.6h，保温11min；降温至275℃，保温28min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
对本发明实施例1-5制备的抗断裂陶瓷材料进行性能测试，性能测试结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-5制备的抗断裂陶瓷材料的性能测试结果
项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
导热率(W/(M·k) 3.0 3.1 3.5 2.8 2.9
断裂韧性(MPa·(m)1/2) 1.69 1.65 1.75 1.71 1.70
该抗断裂陶瓷材料通过原料复配发挥协同作用，具有力学强度高、密度低、抗脆性断裂和裂痕的优点；该抗断裂陶瓷材料制备方法简单，易于工业化生产；增加泡沫铝，可提高该抗断裂陶瓷材料的耐候性、耐高温性能、防火性能及抗腐蚀性能等。
上面对本专利的较佳实施方式作了详细说明，但是本专利并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域的普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本专利宗旨的前提下做出各种变化。

Claims (7)

1.一种抗断裂陶瓷材料，其特征在于，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝16-19份、玻璃纤维13-25份、乙酸锆2-7份、氟钛酸钠1-3份、碳化钛3-5份、氧化钽5-15份、三氧化铼6-12份、富马酸二甲酯4-8份、硅藻土15-20份、粉煤灰5-13份、黑青石5-11份、Cr2O3 8-12份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂3-11份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗断裂陶瓷材料，其特征在于，包括以下重量份数的原料：泡沫铝18份、玻璃纤维22份、乙酸锆6份、氟钛酸钠2份、碳化钛4份、氧化钽11份、三氧化铼8份、富马酸二甲酯7份、硅藻土17份、粉煤灰10份、黑青石7份、Cr2O3 11份、大豆蛋白胶黏剂9份。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的抗断裂陶瓷材料，其特征在于，还包括栗木灰5-8份、花岗石3-8份。
4.一种如权利要求1-2任一所述的抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)按照上述配方称取各原料，备用；
(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.5-1h，得到混合物料；
(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应1-3h，搅拌速度150-280转/min；
(4)将上步所得物在400-650℃下预烧结0.5-1h；升温至800-900℃，烧结1-2h，保温0.5-1h；继续升温至900-1000℃，烧结0.5-1h，保温10-15min；降温至200-280℃，保温10-30min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)将泡沫铝、玻璃纤维、碳化钛、氧化钽、三氧化铼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、黑青石、Cr2O3加入研磨机中，研磨0.8h，得到混合物料。
6.根据权利要求4所述的抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)将氟钛酸钠、富马酸二甲酯、乙酸锆、大豆蛋白胶黏剂加入上述混合物料中，氮气保护气体作用下搅拌反应2.5h，搅拌速度205转/min。
7.根据权利要求4所述的抗断裂陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)将上步所得物在425℃下预烧结0.7h；升温至845℃，烧结1.3h，保温0.6h；继续升温至945℃，烧结0.8h，保温12min；降温至235℃，保温15min，得到抗断裂陶瓷材料。
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