CN107004478A - Magnetic material, its preparation method and the motor with magnetic material - Google Patents
Magnetic material, its preparation method and the motor with magnetic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107004478A CN107004478A CN201580063863.6A CN201580063863A CN107004478A CN 107004478 A CN107004478 A CN 107004478A CN 201580063863 A CN201580063863 A CN 201580063863A CN 107004478 A CN107004478 A CN 107004478A
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- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910016570 AlCu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 69
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016343 Al2Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000636 Ce alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000858 La alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005324 grain boundary diffusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth metal RE Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0551—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/086—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to magnetic material, it includes Hard Magnetic phase (2) and Grain-Boundary Phase (3).The Hard Magnetic phase (2) contains at least one element Z, and the element Z is selected from：One or more rare earth metals (RE) and/or yttrium；And additionally contain iron and titanium, and can be characterized by following formula：ZaTMbFec‑eTid‑fXe+f, wherein TM represents at least one transition metal, the atom of a=7 9 atom %, b≤41 atom %, c >=41 atom %, d=7 9 %, and X is selected from：Mo, V, Ta, Nb, Cr, Si, Zr, Al, W, Pd and P, the atom % of e+f=0 4.5, the rare earth metal (RE) contain at least 3.5 atom % cerium, and a+b+ (c e)+(d f)+atom % of (e+f)=100.The Grain-Boundary Phase (3) contains at least one metal, and the melting temperature of the Peritectic Temperature with less than the Hard Magnetic phase (2).
Description
Prior art
The present invention relates to the magnetic material with high energy product and its can easily convert and cost reduction preparation method.This
Outside, the present invention relates to the motor with high power density.
Magnetic material with high energy product (BH) max is usually by Nd2Fe14B- Hard Magnetics phase and rich neodymium Grain-Boundary Phase structure
Into.Grain-Boundary Phase makes it possible liquid-phase sintering, so as to realize high sintered density.It is based in this liquid-phase sintering, liquid phase is being burnt
High dissolubility is shown to Hard Magnetic phase element during knot, from there through dissolving-and precipitation process again, little crystal grain, growth is sacrificed
Go out big magnetic crystal grain and produce chamfering, spheric grain structure.Which improve the coercive field strength of the magnetic material.But
It is to have the disadvantage, the cost of element neodymium is high.The improvement of cost structure passes through based on CeFe11Ti hard magnetic body is realized.But, class
It is similar to be based on Nd2Fe14B hard magnetic body, if the melt constituted using the composition by Ce and Fe and Ti carries out liquid-phase sintering,
Then due to liquid phase and CeFe11Ti reaction results in CeFe2.Due to the CeFe of precipitation2High content, the Hard Magnetic mutually have it is poor
Magnetic properties because the crystal grain of Hard Magnetic phase is etched, and the grainiess of chamfering important for magnetic properties
Formation is restricted.
The content of the invention
By contrast, it is characterized by chamfering, spherical hard according to the magnetic material of the invention of main claim
The stable Hard Magnetic phase of magnetocrystalline grain.The crystal grain of the Hard Magnetic phase is by forming Grain-Boundary Phase and magnetic is decoupled, and thus the magnetic material has height
Coercive field strength and therefore also have high energy product (BH) max.According to the present invention, the Hard Magnetic is mutually containing at least one
Element Z, it is selected from one or more rare earth metals (RE) and/or yttrium.Iron, titanium and at least one other element X are as in addition
Element be contained in the Hard Magnetic phase.The Hard Magnetic mutually has following formula：
ZaTMbFec-eTid-fXe+f
Wherein, TM is at least one transition metal, the atom % of a=7-9 atoms %, b≤41 atom %, c >=41 and d=7-9
Atom %.Other element X is selected from：Mo, V, Ta, Nb, Cr, Si, Zr, Al, W, Pd and P, wherein e+f=0-4.5 atoms %.Member
The mixture for the element enumerated under plain X or foregoing X especially may replace Fe or Ti.Therefore, by element X atom % contents（E+f's
Summation）Subtracted from Fe or Ti atom % contents.Here, should be by ZaBeing interpreted as can be comprising one or more rare earth metal (RE)
And/or yttrium, wherein index " a " is considered element Z, the i.e. summation of rare earth metal share and yttrium share together.As long as the Hard Magnetic phase
Containing RE, it contains at least 3.5 atom % cerium.100 atom % are drawn according to being amounted to below by the summation of index：a + b +
(c-e)+(d-f)+(e+f)=100 atom %.Advantageously, it is mutually to be based on CeFe according to the Hard Magnetic of the present invention11Ti Hard Magnetic
Phase.Compared to rich neodymium Hard Magnetic phase, substantially reduced as the cost for the Hard Magnetic phase that the element mentioned by the foregoing present invention is formed, but it is special
Levy and be still high coercive field strength.This by it is following support, i.e., Hard Magnetic crystal grain by the present invention Grain-Boundary Phase very well
Magnetic is decoupled.Therefore, the Grain-Boundary Phase includes at least one metal, and the melting temperature of the Peritectic Temperature with less than the Hard Magnetic phase.
In other words, this is represented, the rich cerium alloy for being used to be formed Grain-Boundary Phase used in the liquid-phase sintering of such as magnetic material is melted by it
Melt a kind of metal or alloy that temperature is a maximum of about of 1100 DEG C to replace.It thereby inhibiting CeFe2And Fe2Ti formation, this will be reduced
Hard Magnetic phase constituent is separated out again.The Hard Magnetic crystal grain formed has the structure of spherical chamfering, thereby promotes high energy and multiplies
Product.Therefore, the magnetic material is the magnetic material of a kind of high-tenacity, cost advantages.
Dependent claims illustrate the preferred development embodiment of the present invention.
To improve the magnetic property of Hard Magnetic phase, it is advantageously with the rare earth metal that cerium is applied in combination from La, Nd, Pr or Sm
At least one of.The mixture of these elements is equally feasible.
Can in the following way it be improved while cost is reduced according to the magnetic property of the magnetic material of the present invention,
That is, described transition metal is at least one element selected from Co, Ni and Mn.
According to another favourable extension embodiment, the Hard Magnetic mutually has ThMn12- structure.
It is further advantageous that the melting temperature of the Grain-Boundary Phase is less than 1100 DEG C, preferably shorter than 900 DEG C, and it is further excellent
Choosing is less than 600 DEG C.So that course of dissolution and precipitation process become easy.The crystal grain of the Hard Magnetic phase is less by strong erosion,
And the grainiess formed is chamfering and spherical.
The wetting of Hard Magnetic crystal grain during for improvement course of dissolution, such as in liquid-phase sintering, and in order to further reduce crystalline substance
The fusing point of boundary's phase, the Grain-Boundary Phase contains at least one selected from following elements：Ag, Ga, Cu, Ce, Al, Si, Nd, Y, Pr, Sm and
La。
Forming the magnetic with very high ceiling capacity product in the case of with extraordinary coercive field strength
The aspect of material, it is particularly advantageous to have proven to the Grain-Boundary Phase containing at least one following eutectic alloy：LaFe、CuCe、
AlCu, CeAl, CeFe, CeGa, CeSi, CeZn, CeSn, CeAg, AlCuCe, SmCu and NdCu.If using these alloys example
Such as it is used for the liquid-phase sintering of magnetic material, then their element reactions not with Hard Magnetic phase, but with the height of the element to Hard Magnetic phase
Solubility, so as to promote dissolving-and precipitation process, this causes strong spherical and chamfering the grainiess of Hard Magnetic phase.Advantageously,
At low temperature, solubility of the element of Hard Magnetic phase in Grain-Boundary Phase is smaller, because forming high share by separating out in cooling
Hard Magnetic phase.The crystal grain of the Hard Magnetic phase is not etched, so as to improve magnetic property.
CeCu- eutectic alloys have eutectic at about 407 DEG C.In addition, the cerium compared to usually used not cupric melts
Body, copper significantly improves the wetting of Hard Magnetic crystal grain.Partial Hard Magnetic crystal grain is dissolved in during liquid-phase sintering in liquid phase melt.It is cold
When but, depending on composition and cooling condition, such as CuCe, Cu are directly formed by melt2Ce、Fe2Ti and a small amount of CeFe2.By
This no longer occurs or substantially reduced melt and mutually forms CeFe with Hard Magnetic2Reaction.
Al-Cu-Ce- eutectic alloys have eutectic at about 550 DEG C.The melt of this eutectic alloy is in the liquid-phase sintering phase
Between the wettability that has had.Partial Hard Magnetic crystal grain dissolves in the melt during sintering.During cooling, depending on composition and it is cold
But condition, is directly formed such as CuCe, Cu by melt2Ce、Fe2Ti、Al2Cu、Al8Cu4Ce、Al4CuCe or CeFe2Phase.CeFe2
Formation significantly reduce.
The use of when there is eutectiferous Nd-Cu- eutectic alloys at about 520 DEG C is being also same.During cooling, take
Certainly in composition and cooling condition, such as NdCu, Nd are formed2Cu、CuCe、Cu2Ce、CFe2Ti or CeFe2Phase.
In addition, similarly using the situation of La- alloys.La does not form Binary-phase with element of Fe, Ce and Ti, thus Hard Magnetic
The Hard Magnetic crystal grain of phase is not etched.Lanthanum is melted at about 920 DEG C, and with the being completely dissolved property to cerium, it is thus for example excessive
Cerium can be accommodated in Grain-Boundary Phase.
Especially, the magnetic material substantially, i other words in addition to inevitable technology amount, not boracic.Therefore, favorably
Boron is not added mutually to the Hard Magnetic in ground.
Also according to invention also describes motor, it is specifically designed to motor（E-Motor）, stator (Stator)
Or generator.The motor includes at least one magnetic material as described above, and it is characterized in that in the cost structure of optimization
High power density.
In addition, according to the present invention, also describing the first method for preparing foregoing disclosed magnetic material.By this
The method of kind, can prepare the magnetic material with high coercive field strength He height (BH) max, without high technical complexity,
Wherein this method is very cost-effective.Therefore, the Hard Magnetic phase and melting temperature that prepare stoichiometry first are less than Hard Magnetic
The composition containing metal of the Peritectic Temperature of phase.The composition containing metal is the starting for subsequently forming Grain-Boundary Phase herein
Composition.The composition containing metal can contain one or more metal, the i.e. also alloys of different metal, and its feature
It is its melting temperature.The metal composites can change according to the stoichiometry of used Hard Magnetic phase.Then grinding
Both the Hard Magnetic phase and the composition containing metal, to prepare the powder of Hard Magnetic phase powder and composition containing metal.By this
Two kinds of powder are mixed with each other, formed mixture of powders, and then by the mixture of powders the composition containing metal melting temperature
More than degree sinter.By the sintering, the composition containing metal is set to be melt into liquid phase.The element of Hard Magnetic phase, may particularly contain
Cerium be dissolved in the liquid phase.Exactly under low sintering temperature, remaining element is less to be dissolved strongly, therefore cold after sintering
Many Hard Magnetic phases are separated out when but to the temperature less than the melting temperature of liquid phase.Therefore, this method, which is produced, has high share Hard Magnetic phase
Magnetic material, this is important for high ceiling capacity product.The rich cerium separated out again of Hard Magnetic phase is not caused to separate out
The formation of phase, is improved by alap sintering temperature.Hard Magnetic crystal grain is by good wet, the Grain-Boundary Phase thus formed
There can be strong decoupling effect.Do not occur the reaction with Hard Magnetic phase for the chamfering chondritic for damaging Hard Magnetic crystal grain.On the contrary,
By the method for the present invention, by being dissolved with beneficial to compared with big crystal grain compared with little crystal grain, the magnetic for promoting Hard Magnetic crystal grain is decoupled and hard
The chamfering spherical structure of magnetic phase.Herein, it is advantageous that the solubility of the Hard Magnetic crystal grain in Grain-Boundary Phase is at low temperature than in higher temperatures
It is small under degree, because hence improving separating out again for Hard Magnetic phase.According to the first method of the present invention, it can also be referred to as polynary conjunction
Aurification, by combining technically less complex and therefore also can cost-effectively converting with standard method.
By one after the mixture of powders is sintered with least 500K/h's until the cooldown rate of 600 DEG C of temperature
Cooling procedure, i.e. by the way that sintered composition is quenched, the melt and the crystalline substance of Hard Magnetic phase of the composition containing metal can be made
The reaction of grain is minimized.
According to the present invention, the second method for preparing foregoing disclosed magnetic material is further also described.This
In, the effect that make use of Grain-Boundary Phase to spread.Similar to the first method of the present invention, the Hard Magnetic phase of stoichiometry is prepared first,
Then ground and sintered.Then applied the composition containing metal to the surface of Hard Magnetic phase to form the step of Grain-Boundary Phase
Suddenly, the composition containing metal has the melting temperature of the Peritectic Temperature less than the Hard Magnetic phase, and in the group containing metal
More than the melting temperature of compound carry out Temperature Treatment.Thus, this contains the composition grain boundary diffusion of metal into retentive material,
And form the Grain-Boundary Phase decoupled with Hard Magnetic phase magnetic.It is also used for preparing according to the second method of the present invention and there is high ceiling capacity
The magnetic material of the high coercive field strength of sum of products, and it is technically simple, and therefore also can cost-effectively convert.
Brief description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention have been explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In figure：
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross sectional views of the microstructure of the magnetic material of an advantageous extension embodiment according to the present invention.
Embodiment of the present invention
Hereinafter, reference picture 1 describes the present invention in detail.Fig. 1 illustrate in detail the magnetic material with Hard Magnetic phase 2 and Grain-Boundary Phase 3
Material 1.Hard Magnetic phase 2 is made up of Hard Magnetic crystal grain 4, and it is separated by Grain-Boundary Phase 3, and is therefore also decoupled by magnetic.
Hard Magnetic phase 2 contains at least one element Z.Element Z contains at least one rare earth metal RE and/or yttrium.If contained
There is rare earth metal, then its cerium for containing at least 3.5 atom %.As other elements, Hard Magnetic phase 2 contains at least one transition metal
TM, iron and titanium.Hard Magnetic phase 2 can be described by following formula：
ZaTMbFec-eTid-fXe+f
Atom %, d=7-9 atom of wherein a=7-9 atoms %, b≤41 atom %, c >=41 %, X are selected from：Mo, V,
Ta, Nb, Cr, Si, Zr, Al, W, Pd and P, e+f=0-4.5 atom %, and a+b+ (c-e)+(d-f)+(e+f)=
100 atom %.
Grain-Boundary Phase 3 contains at least one metal, and the melting temperature of the Peritectic Temperature with less than the Hard Magnetic phase 2.
Magnetic material 1 is characterised by high coercive field strength and high ceiling capacity product (BH) max.
Claims (12)
1. magnetic material, it includes Hard Magnetic phase (2) and Grain-Boundary Phase (3), wherein the Hard Magnetic phase (2) comprising at least one element Z,
Iron and titanium, the element Z are selected from one or more rare earth metals (RE) and/or yttrium；And the Hard Magnetic phase (2) has following formula：
ZaTMbFec-eTid-fXe+f
Wherein TM is at least one transition metal, a=7-9 atoms %, b≤41 atom %, c >=41 atom %, d=7-
9 atom %, X are selected from：Mo, V, Ta, Nb, Cr, Si, Zr, Al, W, Pd and P, e+f=0-4.5 atoms % are described
Rare earth metal (RE) contains at least 3.5 atom % cerium, and a+b+ (c-e)+(d-f)+atom % of (e+f)=100, and
Wherein described Grain-Boundary Phase (3) includes at least one metal, and the melting of the Peritectic Temperature with less than the Hard Magnetic phase (2)
Temperature.
2. magnetic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rare earth metal (RE) is contained from La, Nd, Pr or Sm
At least one.
3. according to the magnetic material of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that TM is to be selected from following at least one elements：Co、Ni
And Mn.
4. according to the magnetic material of any one of preceding claims, it is characterised in that the Hard Magnetic phase (2) has ThMn12- knot
Structure.
5. according to the magnetic material of any one of preceding claims, it is characterised in that the melting temperature of the Grain-Boundary Phase (3) is low
In 1100 DEG C, preferably shorter than 900 DEG C, and more preferably less than 600 DEG C.
6. according to the magnetic material of any one of preceding claims, it is characterised in that the Grain-Boundary Phase (3) is contained selected from following
At least one element：Ag, Ga, Cu, Ce, Al, Si, Nd, Y, Pr, Sm and La.
7. according to the magnetic material of any one of preceding claims, it is characterised in that the Grain-Boundary Phase (3) containing it is following extremely
A kind of few eutectic alloy：LaFe, CuCe, AlCu, CeAl, CeFe, CeGa, CeSi, CeZn, CeSn, CeAg,
AlCuCe, SmCu and NdCu.
8. according to the magnetic material of any one of preceding claims, it is characterised in that it is substantially free of boron.
9. motor, especially motor, starter or generator, it is comprising at least one according to any one of preceding claims
Magnetic material (1).
10. the method for preparing the magnetic material (1) according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it comprises the steps：
The Hard Magnetic phase (2) of-preparation stoichiometry,
- composition containing metal of the melting temperature less than the Peritectic Temperature of the Hard Magnetic phase (2) is prepared, to form Grain-Boundary Phase
(3),
- grinding Hard Magnetic the phase (2), to prepare Hard Magnetic phase powder,
- grinding the composition containing metal, to prepare the powder of the composition containing metal,
- both powder are mixed, to prepare mixture of powders, and
- sinter the mixture of powders more than the melting temperature of the composition containing metal.
11. method according to claim 10, it is additionally included in the cooling procedure sintered after the mixture of powders, wherein until
The cooldown rate of 600 DEG C of temperature is at least 500K/h.
12. the method for preparing the magnetic material (1) according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it comprises the steps：
The Hard Magnetic phase (2) of-preparation stoichiometry,
The Hard Magnetic phase (2) of-grinding stoichiometry,
The Hard Magnetic phase (2) of-sintering stoichiometry,
- apply the composition containing metal to the surface of the Hard Magnetic phase (2) to form the Grain-Boundary Phase (3), it is described containing metal
Composition has the melting temperature of the Peritectic Temperature less than the Hard Magnetic phase (2), and
- Temperature Treatment is carried out more than the melting temperature of the composition containing metal.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014223991.5 | 2014-11-25 | ||
| DE102014223991.5A DE102014223991B4 (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2014-11-25 | Magnetic material, method for its production and electric motor or starter or generator with the magnetic material |
| PCT/EP2015/077277 WO2016083269A1 (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2015-11-20 | Magnetic material, method for producing same, and electric machine comprising a magnetic material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107004478A true CN107004478A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN107004478B CN107004478B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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ID=54834789
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580063863.6A Expired - Fee Related CN107004478B (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2015-11-20 | Magnetic material, preparation method and the motor with magnetic material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107004478B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014223991B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016083269A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108335897A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-07-27 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of NdCeFeB isotropism densification permanent magnet and preparation method thereof |
| CN108831646A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-16 | 中铝山东依诺威强磁材料有限公司 | The broken technique for directly adding aluminium powder and ferrocerium mixture production sintered NdFeB of hydrogen |
| CN109427455A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-03-05 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Magnetic compound and its manufacturing method and magnetic powder |
| CN117038244A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-10 | 国网智能电网研究院有限公司 | Magnetic powder, insulating coated magnetic powder, soft magnetic powder core and preparation method thereof |
| WO2024096305A1 (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2024-05-10 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | Non-neodymium (nd) permanent magnetic material and permanent magnet using same |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106571220B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏大学 | A kind of coating equipment of neodymium iron boron magnetic body grain boundary decision processing |
| KR20210125316A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-18 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Rare-earth permanent magnet and method for manufacturing the same |
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| DE102012207308A1 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Magnetic material, its use and process for its preparation |
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- 2015-11-20 CN CN201580063863.6A patent/CN107004478B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP2000114016A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-21 | Toshiba Corp | Permanent magnet and manufacture thereof |
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| CN103624248A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-12 | 有研稀土新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method for rare earth permanent magnet powder |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109427455A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-03-05 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Magnetic compound and its manufacturing method and magnetic powder |
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| CN108831646A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-16 | 中铝山东依诺威强磁材料有限公司 | The broken technique for directly adding aluminium powder and ferrocerium mixture production sintered NdFeB of hydrogen |
| WO2024096305A1 (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2024-05-10 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | Non-neodymium (nd) permanent magnetic material and permanent magnet using same |
| CN117038244A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-10 | 国网智能电网研究院有限公司 | Magnetic powder, insulating coated magnetic powder, soft magnetic powder core and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102014223991B4 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
| CN107004478B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
| WO2016083269A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
| DE102014223991A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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