CN106993715B - Feed for preventing and treating white feces of prawns - Google Patents
Feed for preventing and treating white feces of prawns Download PDFInfo
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- CN106993715B CN106993715B CN201710153522.9A CN201710153522A CN106993715B CN 106993715 B CN106993715 B CN 106993715B CN 201710153522 A CN201710153522 A CN 201710153522A CN 106993715 B CN106993715 B CN 106993715B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feed for preventing and treating white feces of prawns, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of fish meal; 10-30 parts of animal feed except fish meal; 25-50 parts of plant feed except bran; 4-10 parts of grease; 0.2-1 part of compound vitamin; 2-5 parts of compound mineral; 1 part of other additives such as chitosan and the like; and 0.5-1 part of taurine or cholesterol, or 0.2-0.8 part of bile acid, or 0.5-1 part of a mixture of taurine, cholesterol and bile acid. The feed of the invention improves the proportion of animal feed raw materials, controls the proportion of plant feed raw materials, and particularly controls the dosage of raw materials rich in soluble non-starch polysaccharide; supplement bile acid, taurine and cholesterol, thereby inhibiting the signal path of the liver for starting and synthesizing the bile acid, helping fat absorption and obtaining good effect in preventing and treating the white feces of the prawns.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shrimp feed field more particularly to a kind of white feeds just of prevention and treatment prawn.
Background technique
White is the symptom of shrimp excrement white (such as cotton thread), white just toughness, keep afloat, largely aggregation foul smelling dissipates
Hair, initial stage prawn ingest normally, but with aggravation, the slow even not material feeding of material feeding or thin and weak (the shell meat point of shrimp body occur
From), and with the trip pool and " dead steathily ", which directly or indirectly becomes the number one killer for endangering shrimp farming.About the disease
The cause of disease generally believed the following: (1) the shrimp seedling kind of seed problem, dispensing is bad, itself constitution is poor, liver pancreas
Structure and function is unsound or breeding process in, the antibiotic and irritation of discovery " white just " initial stage abuse damage liver pancreas
Biggish drug directly results in prawn morbidity；(2) bacterium infection, by dissecting sick shrimp, detection discovery, liver pancreas
And the pathogenic bacteria such as vibrio parahaemolytious, Vibrio harveyi, vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in enteron aisle severely exceed, prawn infection
Afterwards, vibrios is in its internal fast breeding, generation toxin to cause a disease；(3) algae toxin be poisoned, breeding water body eutrophication and because
Abrupt change of climate or behavior adjustment management it is improper caused by fall algae, cause algae toxin largely accumulate, algae toxin mainly include red algae toxins and
Cyanophycean toxin, the former can nervous system to fishes and shrimps and respiratory system generate and poison and inhibiting effect, cause prawn dead, the latter
It can be discharged into water with the cell ageing, death and rupture of cyanobacteria, liver cell structure and residual can be destroyed after being ingested by prawn
In stomach, lead to the lesion of liver pancreas and stomach；(4) water quality deterioration, Penaeus Vannmei are zoobenthos, are lived at them
Middle lower water column, due to residual bait, excrement, a large amount of accumulations of dead algae and abuse flocculability bottom change etc. factors cause this layer of water quality,
Substrate fever, smelly, pantothenic acid, biological and chemical oxygen demand is big, and the noxious materials such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite severely exceed, and becomes former
Lively object, bacterium, virus breeding ground, become qualified " poly- poison layer ", " poly- poison layer " will be aggravated as eliminated not in time
Liver pancreas burden, corrodes intestinal mucosa, eventually leads to " white just ", often and the gill that blacks, the yellow gill, gill rot, rotten eye, red palpus, red tail, rotten
The symptoms such as tail, disconnected palpus, gonorrhoea；(5) due to raw material inferior and storage method are improper etc., mould poison in feed is often resulted in
Element is exceeded, and the feed of mildew is eaten for a long time, and causes necrosis of liver cells, the removing toxic substances of liver pancreas and digestive functional disturbance, causes enteral glutinous
The necrosis of film and haemocyte, these side effects lead to prawn slow growth again in turn, and feed efficiency is deteriorated, and mycotoxin makes pair
Shrimp immunity of organism is suppressed, and is easy to induce large-scale disease.
Although but we have found that above-mentioned reason can cause a disease, is even lethal after study, are not the straight of prawn " white just "
Connect reason.The immediate cause for inducing prawn " white just " is that feed formula is unreasonable.We are had found under study for action rich in soluble non-
The symptom of prawn " white just " will be induced when the feedstuff too high levels of starch-polysaccharides.
The success of aquaculture and it is sustainable depend on reducing aquaculture cost to the maximum extent, and in intensive culture,
Feed cost often accounts for the 60-70% of cultivation totle drilling cost.Therefore, how feed cost is reduced to the maximum extent just and becomes reduction to support
Grow the key of cost.Fish meal is not only expensive as main forage protein source, but also stock number is limited, develops new feeding
Material raw material has become a matter of utmost importance for developing culture fishery, and vegetality feedstuff is because its yield is high, price is low, source
It extensively, is the important replacement of fish meal.The dosage of fish meal often only has 10% or so especially in China, common fish material, some
Even completely eliminated fish meal in feed, fish meal dosage is relatively high in carnivorous fish shrimp feed, but is generally not more than 30%.
The main foundation that vegetable protein feed substitutes fish meal is cost of material and the speed of growth, and the culture-cycle of alternate test is past
Toward shorter, the culture-cycle much tested only has 8 weeks, and under laboratory condition cultivated animals the speed of growth it is slower, therefore one
A little adverse reactions fail to be observed.We have found to can induce " white just " by excessively high vegetality feedstuff under study for action that this is existing
As.Further investigation revealed that the Soluble Non Starch Polysaccharides in vegetality feedstuff are the arch-criminals of induction " white just ".It is solvable
Property non-starch polysaccharide to the re-absorbed interference effect induced liver excessive secretion of the substances such as taurine, when serious, function is lost, because
And the substances such as taurine cannot be secreted and carry out chyle fat, fatty digestibility is extremely low, and excrement is made to bubble through the water column in " white just " shape.Closely
Nian Lai replaces the ratio of fish meal higher and higher with vegetality feedstuff, and prawn " white just " phenomenon is also increasingly severe, causes to support
It grows and suffers heavy losses in production.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind can prevent and treat the white feed just of prawn, this hair
" part " described in bright is on the basis of identical weight unit.
The white feed just of prevention and treatment prawn of the invention, by weight, comprising:
30-40 parts of fish meal；
10-30 parts of animal fodder in addition to fish meal；
25-50 parts of plant feed in addition to bran；
(grease comes from animal or plant to grease, but is not subordinated to vegetality feedstuff or animal in feedstuff classification
Property feedstuff) 4-10 parts；
0.2-1 parts of multi-vitamins；
2-5 parts of composite mineral matter；And
The mixing of taurine or 0.5-1 parts of cholesterol or 0.2-0.8 parts of bile acid or taurine, cholesterol and bile acid
0.5-1 parts of object.
Further, the feed further includes one or more of phagostimulant, adhesive, shelling element and digestive enzymes,
Its total dosage is 0.2-1 parts.
Further, the plant feed includes oil meal and starch.Wherein, the dosage of oil meal is 15-40 parts；Starch
Dosage is 10-18 parts.
Further, the oil meal is two or more in rapeseed meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, peanut meal etc..
Further, the starch source is in one or more of flour, corn, wheat, cassava, potato etc..
Further, the animal fodder includes two kinds in meat meal tankage, digested tankage, shrimp head powder, blood cell powder and cuttlefish cream
Or it is two or more.
Further, by weight, fish meal is 25-35 parts.
Further, by weight, 12-18 parts of the animal fodder in addition to fish meal.
Further, by weight, 35-45 parts of the plant feed in addition to bran.
Further, the multi-vitamins include vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niacin, leaf
Acid, calcium pantothenate, inositol, biotin, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K and choline.It is wherein multiple
Vitamin purchase is closed from three intelligence Biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuxi, the dosage form of 0.2-1%.
Further, the composite mineral matter includes NaH2PO4、KH2PO4、Ca(H2PO4)2·2H2O、CaCO3、KCl、
MgSO4·7H2O、AlCl3.6H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、MnSO4·4-6H2O、KI、CuCl2、CoCl2·6H2O, calcium lactate and
Ironic citrate.Wherein composite mineral matter is bought from three intelligence Biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuxi, the dosage form of 2-5%.
Feed formula is preferred in the present invention:
(1) 30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of animal fodder (wherein 6 parts of meat meal tankage, 1 part of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream), vegetalitas
50 parts of feed (wherein 14 parts of flour, 21 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of peanut meal), 1 part of multi-vitamins, is answered at 5 parts of grease type
Close 2 parts of minerals, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 1 part of other compositions (wherein 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive,
0.5 part of digestive ferment).
(2) 35 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of animal fodder (wherein 10 parts of meat meal tankage, 2 parts of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream), vegetalitas
It is 40 parts of feed (wherein 14 parts of flour, 16 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of rapeseed meal, 4 parts of peanut meal), 5 parts of grease, 1 part of multi-vitamins, compound
2 parts of minerals, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 1 part of other compositions (wherein 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, disappear
Change enzyme 0.5).
(3) 40 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of animal fodder (wherein 14 parts of meat meal tankage, 3 parts of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream), vegetalitas
25 parts of feed (wherein 12 parts of tapioca, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of rapeseed meal), 10 parts of grease, 1 part of multi-vitamins, composite mineral matter 2
Part, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 1 part of other compositions (wherein 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, digestive ferment
0.5)。
According to the above aspect of the present invention, the present invention has at least the following advantages:
Animal fodder raw material dosage is improved in the white feed just of prevention and treatment prawn of the invention, controls plant feed
Raw material dosage has disabled the bran feed raw material high containing non-starch polysaccharide, so that non-starch polysaccharide content in feed be made to drop to
Level of security, while it being added to taurine or its isoenzyme matter, block prawn hepatopancrease to receive the taurine recycled by enteron aisle
The error signal of the starting synthesis bile component of substance decline induction, maintains hepatopancrease normal function, is ensureing feed fat just
It often digests and assimilates, to occur without " white just " phenomenon.
This feed can be used for preventing and treating, and prawn " white just " phenomenon initial stage, which should just change, throws this feed, while reinforcing oxygenation,
So that the cultivated animals in food refusal state is searched for food this feed, and reduces causal organism Infection probability；Prevention and treatment prawn of the invention is white
Just feed can also be applied to the prevention and treatment of the liver and gall syndrome of the fish such as crucian, grass carp, perch, black carp, bream, and achieve good
Good effect.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, detailed description is as follows below.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is furthur described in detail.Following embodiment is used for
Illustrate the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of animal fodder (wherein 6 parts of meat meal tankage, 1 part of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream), vegetalitas are raised
Expect 50 parts of (wherein 14 parts of flour, 21 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of peanut meal), 5 parts of greases, 1 part of multi-vitamins, grandidierite
2 parts of substance, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 1 part of other compositions (wherein 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, digestion
0.5 part of enzyme), it stirs and evenly mixs, obtains after granulation for preventing the white feed just of prawn.
Using Penaeus Vannmei as test case, uses above-mentioned feed 1-2 days, or feed this feed every other week within every 7-10 days, feed
Amount is advisable with being satiated with food；Reinforce artificial oxygenation during prevention, guarantees bottom of pond whole day (including night) dissolved oxygen in 4.5mg/L or more.
Effect: " white just " disease of Penaeus Vannmei can be prevented, keep shrimp growing way fast, can shorten about in the southern area of Jiangsu Province culture-cycle
1 week or so, without " white just " and " steathily extremely " phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
By 35 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of animal fodder (wherein 10 parts of meat meal tankage, 2 parts of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream), vegetalitas
It is 40 parts of feed (wherein 14 parts of flour, 16 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of rapeseed meal, 4 parts of peanut meal), 5 parts of grease, 1 part of multi-vitamins, compound
2 parts of minerals, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 1 part of other compositions (wherein 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, disappear
Change enzyme 0.5) it stirs and evenly mixs, it obtains after granulation for preventing and treating the white feed just of prawn.
With Penaeus Vannmei " white just " in early days for test case, continuous use 1 week or more or until healing, feeding volume with
Being satiated with food is advisable；Reinforce artificial oxygenation during treatment, guarantees bottom of pond whole day (including night) dissolved oxygen in 4.5mg/L or more.
Effect: " white just " symptom disappears substantially in one week, and recovery is normally ingested.
Embodiment 3
By 40 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of animal fodder (wherein 14 parts of meat meal tankage, 3 parts of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream), vegetalitas
25 parts of feed (wherein 12 parts of tapioca, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of rapeseed meal), 10 parts of grease, 1 part of multi-vitamins, composite mineral matter 2
Part, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 1 part of other compositions (wherein 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, digestive ferment 0.5)
It stirs and evenly mixs, obtains after granulation for treating the white feed just of prawn.
As test case when occurring serious " white just " using Penaeus Vannmei, continuous use 1 week or more or until healing, throwing
The amount of feeding is advisable with being satiated with food；Reinforce artificial oxygenation during treatment, guarantees bottom of pond whole day (including night) dissolved oxygen in 4.5mg/L or more.
Effect: " white just " symptom disappears substantially in one week, and recovery is normally ingested.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is several improvement and
Modification, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of prevent the white feed just of prawn, which is characterized in that by weight, by 30 parts of fish meal, 6 parts of meat meal tankage, shrimp head powder 1
It is part, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream, 14 parts of flour, 21 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of grease, 1 part of multi-vitamins, compound
2 parts of minerals, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, 0.5 part of digestive ferment, stirring are mixed
It is even, it obtains after granulation for preventing the white feed just of prawn.
2. a kind of white feed just of prevention and treatment prawn, which is characterized in that by weight, by 35 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of meat meal tankage,
2 parts of shrimp head powder, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream, 14 parts of flour, 16 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of rapeseed meal, 4 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of grease, multi-vitamins 1
Part, 2 parts of composite mineral matter, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, 0.5 part of digestive ferment,
It stirs and evenly mixs, obtains after granulation for preventing and treating the white feed just of prawn.
3. a kind of treat the white feed just of prawn, which is characterized in that by weight, by 40 parts of fish meal, 14 parts of meat meal tankage, shrimp head powder
3 parts, 3 parts of cuttlefish cream, 12 parts of tapioca, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of grease, 1 part of multi-vitamins, composite mineral matter 2
Part, 0.5 part of bile acid, 0.5 part of taurine, 0.2 part of shelling element, 0.3 part of adhesive, 0.5 part of digestive ferment, stir and evenly mix, granulation
It is obtained afterwards for treating the white feed just of prawn.
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| CN201710153522.9A CN106993715B (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2017-03-15 | Feed for preventing and treating white feces of prawns |
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| CN201710153522.9A CN106993715B (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2017-03-15 | Feed for preventing and treating white feces of prawns |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111110718A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Special pesticide for prawn enterocytocele and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108477434A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-04 | 苏州大学 | A kind of Macrobrachium nipponensis feed |
| CN110916018A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 苏州大学 | Compound feed for preventing and treating atrophy and necrosis of liver and pancreas of shrimps and application thereof |
| CN110916019A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 苏州大学 | Compound feed for preventing and treating shrimp enteritis and application thereof |
| CN111528347A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-14 | 广东粤海饲料集团股份有限公司 | Feed additive premix for preventing and treating white bowel diseases of Penaeus vannamei Boone and preparation method thereof |
| CN111972566B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-11-08 | 固安桑普生化技术有限公司 | Puffed sinking feed for promoting health of liver and pancreas of procambarus clarkii and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111110718A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Special pesticide for prawn enterocytocele and preparation method and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220427 Address after: 522000 northeast of the east section of No. 4 road, industrial transfer industrial park, Jieyang City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Jieyang Haida Feed Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215000 8 Ji Xue Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, Jiangsu. Patentee before: SOOCHOW University |