CN106979031A - The gas drainage system and tunnel structure in a kind of tunnel - Google Patents
The gas drainage system and tunnel structure in a kind of tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106979031A CN106979031A CN201710254582.XA CN201710254582A CN106979031A CN 106979031 A CN106979031 A CN 106979031A CN 201710254582 A CN201710254582 A CN 201710254582A CN 106979031 A CN106979031 A CN 106979031A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- tunnel
- gas drainage
- drainage system
- under suction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 112
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010063045 Effusion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GCNLQHANGFOQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [C+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] GCNLQHANGFOQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gas drainage system in tunnel, it includes conductance tunnels driving terminal anterior position with extraneous gas drainage under suction duct, the air extractor for being arranged in the tunnel outside and being connected with the gas drainage under suction duct and the gas drainage under suction duct and air extractor is realized into sealed sealing device in junction.Terminal anterior position and the external world are tunneled by conductance tunnels, gas is extracted out and discharged before tunnel piercing to gas accumulation region, the security incident that effectively can be prevented and treated gas accumulation and occur.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to the gas drainage system and tunnel structure in constructing tunnel field, more particularly to gas tunnel.
【Background technology】
Gas refers to the general name of the various pernicious gases overflowed out of coal (rock) layer, and its main component is methane, titanium dioxide
Carbon, the sometimes also gas such as a small amount of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide.Gas is a kind of odorless gas of colorless and odorless,
But sometimes due to hydrocarbon and trace hydrogen sulfide in association, the fragrant special odor of similar apple, its relative density can be sent
For 0.554, gas is slightly soluble in water, there is very strong diffusivity and permeability, and gas has flammability and explosivity.According to《Railway
Gas tunnel technical specification》Regulation, gas tunnel is divided into three kinds of present low gas tunnel, high methane tunnel and Gas Outburst tunnel, watt
The type in this tunnel is determined by the highest level in gas work area in tunnel.Gas tunnel work area is divided into non-gas work area, present low gas
Work area, high methane work area, Gas Outburst work area supply four classes.Present low gas work area and high methane work area can be by the absolute Gas amounts of going
Judged.When the gas emission in full work area is less than 0.5m3It is present low gas work area, more than or equal to 0.5m during/min3/min
When, it is high methane work area.As long as gas tunnel has outburst danger at one, the place work area be Gas Outburst work area.
At present, the preventing and treating of gas is main in gas tunnel is carried out by the way of being divulged information in closure integrating tunnel, and its is main
Measure includes：First, tunnel-liner is using the coiled material loopfuls such as waterproof layer closing sealing, gas；2nd, lining concrete is improved impervious
Energy；3rd, forced ventilation is implemented according to gas density in tunnel.Prevent because existing tunnel mainly carries out gas by the way of stifled
Control, the methane gas of lining cutting behind, only have extremely micro part and drawn by the discharge structure of infiltration and existing tunnel, and
Substantial amounts of gas actually gathers behind in lining cutting, causes lining cutting behind hydraulic pressure and gas pressure to be gone up, invades tunnel normal operation
Space produces potential safety hazard even accident.And the gas drawn by existing tunnel discharge structure, aqueous vapor is mixed in discharge structure
Close, longitudinally circulated entirely in tunnel bottom, although only micro, but also actually add the risk of gas effusion.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of gas tunnel reclaimed water, qi leel from the gas for removing gas in gas work area
Drainage system, to solve the problems, such as the gas preventing and control after tunnel piercing and operation.
A further object of the present invention is to provide the tunnel structure in a kind of massif applied to gas accumulation.
To realize the purpose, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of gas drainage system in tunnel, it includes conductance tunnels driving terminal anterior position and extraneous gas drainage under suction
Duct, the air extractor for being arranged on outside tunnel and being connected with the gas drainage under suction duct and by the gas drainage under suction duct with taking out
Device of air realizes sealed sealing device in junction.
Further, the tunnel port in the gas drainage under suction duct is located at the front of the tunnel piercing terminal, mountain table end
Mouth is located at the mountain table nearest apart from the tunnel piercing terminal.
Specifically, the air extractor is connected in the mountain table port in the gas drainage under suction duct.
Optionally, the sealing device is by least one of cement mortar, cushion rubber hole packer or polyurethane sealing of hole material
It is made.
Further, gas drainage under suction duct tetrad, it is longitudinal direction to define the tunneling direction in tunnel, described in same group
Gas extraction hole is in the same cross section relative to tunnel.
Optionally, it is parallel to each other between the gas drainage under suction duct of same group of gas drainage system.
Optionally, the gas drainage under suction duct of same group of gas drainage system be in from tunnel piercing terminal anterior position to
The fan-shaped laying of mountain table diverging.
Taken out specifically, the air extractor includes gas suction pump, the mountain table port in the insertion gas drainage under suction duct
Put steel pipe and connect the extraction pipeline of the extraction steel pipe and the gas suction pump.
Optionally, the tunnel port in the gas drainage under suction duct is located in front of the tunnel piercing terminal 3 meters -5 meters.
A kind of tunnel structure, it uses gas drainage system in above-mentioned technical proposal.
Further, in addition to be laid in the tunnel inverted arch both sides drainage pipeline.
Specifically, also including the ring french drain that array is arranged, the two ends of the ring french drain are connected with the drainage pipeline.
Referring now to prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：In gas accumulation region, by from apart from tunnel piercing end
The nearest mountain epitope of point puts the gas drainage under suction duct for drilling through tunnel port in front of the tunnel piercing terminal, and utilizes pumping
Device carries out extraction to the gas in gas accumulation region, before tunnel piercing to gas accumulation region, gas is discharged in advance, had
This caused security incident of effect preventing and treating invar.
Meanwhile, gas drainage under suction duct is put from mountain epitope and drilled through, and the gas of its extraction can be directly discharged to the ring of tunnel outer
In border, job site will not be impacted.
In addition, by preliminary bracing, secondary lining and the gas drainage system positioned at tunnel piercing terminal, realizing tunnel
Gas drainage under suction problem and ponding emission problem, realize the separating treatment of aqueous vapor in tunneling process.Accordingly, it is capable to be prevented effectively from gas
And underground water gathering in lining cutting behind, it is to avoid due to lining cutting behind hydraulic pressure and gas pressure rise caused by potential safety hazard very
To accident；Secondly, gas is discharged through drawing-off gas pipe, can effectively reduce the gas density of lining cutting behind, it is to avoid methane gas enters
Enter discharge structure, effectively the effusion risk of reduction gas, thus, it is possible to which tunnel piercing and the gas built up after operation is effectively ensured
Preventing and treating.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is gas drainage system provided by the present invention and the cross-sectional view of tunnel structure；
Fig. 2 be tunneling construction provided by the present invention in tunnel structure schematic perspective view；
Fig. 3 is longitudinal schematic cross-sectional view of tunnel structure provided by the present invention.
【Embodiment】
The present invention is further described with exemplary embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, identical label wherein in accompanying drawing
All refer to identical part.In addition, if it is known that the detailed description of technology is for showing the invention is characterized in that unnecessary
, then omitted.
As shown in figure 1, the one of which embodiment for the tunnel structure that the present invention is provided, including：Gas drainage system, draining
Pipeline 4, ring french drain 5, preliminary bracing 6, secondary lining 7, inverted arch 9 and tunnel cavity 10；The gas drainage system includes taking out
Device of air 1, gas drainage under suction duct 2 and sealing device 3；The preliminary bracing 6 is steelframe supporting, positioned at tunnel outer layer；Described two
Secondary lining cutting 7 is the concreting of air-tightness, positioned at the inner side of the preliminary bracing 6；The inverted arch 9 and the secondary lining 7
It is relative to lay, and the tunnel cavity 10 is crossed jointly with the secondary lining 7；The tunneling direction in tunnel with respect to the horizontal plane has
There is 5/1000ths degree of inclination angle.The drainage pipeline 4 is laid in the both sides of the inverted arch 9 in tunnel, and runs through along tunnel piercing direction
Whole piece tunnel；The boundary side for being laid in the secondary lining 7 and the preliminary bracing 6 of the array of ring french drain 5 arrangement,
Its two ends is connected with the drainage pipeline 4.During tunneling construction and tunnel operation, the ponding in massif 8 passes through the ring
French drain 5 is converged in the drainage pipeline 4, and discharges tunnel.
Refering in the one of which embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention gas drainage system provided, it includes pumping dress
1, gas drainage under suction duct 2 and sealing device 3 are put, the air extractor 1 includes gas suction pump 11, extraction pipeline 12 and extraction steel
Pipe 13, the gas drainage under suction duct 2 includes hole body, mountain table port 21 and tunnel port 22, and the gas drainage under suction duct 2
Tunnel port 22 is located at the front of tunnel piercing terminal, and the mountain table port 11 is located at nearest apart from the tunnel piercing terminal
Mountain table 81.The sealing device 3 is made up of at least one of cement mortar, cushion rubber hole packer and polyurethane sealing Porous materials.Its
In, the tunnel piercing terminal is the progress with tunneling construction and dynamic change.
In tunnel excavating process, when detecting gas emission or running into Gas Outburst work area domain, stop tunneling construction, enter
Row gas drainage under suction is constructed；In the nearest mountain table drilling of distance driving terminal, gas drainage under suction duct 2 is got out, the gas got out
The tunnel port 22 in extraction duct 2 is located at about 3 meters to 5 meters of the front of the tunnel piercing terminal, and quantity is generally 4；Connect
And will be close to the hole body enlarged-diameter of mountain table port 11 to 100-120mm, insertion diameter 70-80mm extraction steel pipe 13, with close
The sealing of hole of seal apparatus 3, the sealing device 3 can also use cushion rubber hole packer or polyurethane sealing of hole with cement mortar, and sealing is deep
Degree is depending on the table near ports rock property of mountain, 2-3m when country rock is firm, 6-7m when country rock is soft, or even 10m or so, sealing of hole
Afterwards, it is necessary to the composition such as bend pipe, automatic water drainage device, flowmeter, armored hose (or anti-static plastic flexible pipe), gate before extraction
Extraction pipeline 12 the gas drainage under suction duct 2 and the gas suction pump 11 are connected；Finally, according to the pipe laid
Road calculates and selects suitable gas suction pump 11.The extraction work of gas is carried out, once institute's extraction watt was detected every 10 minutes
This concentration, can stop extraction, and continue tunneling construction after concentration continues to be less than 1.0% in 20 minutes.
During using gas in the extraction massif 8 of gas drainage under suction duct 2, the aperture in gas drainage under suction duct 2, the depth in hole
Degree, extraction pipeline length, the frictional resistance of extraction pipeline, gas flow etc. can influence the extraction of gas drainage system to hinder in hole
Power, and then influence drainage efficient and effect.Therefore, in gas drainage system, the depth and hole interior diameter one in gas drainage under suction duct
As need combine specifically used environment, demand and by calculate obtain.Generally, the depth in the gas drainage under suction duct is not
It should be greater than 60m.Therefore it is primarily adapted for use in the less shallow tunnel of Shangfang Mountain body thickness.The accumulation rule of gas and mountain in massif
The factors such as body structure, geology are related, and the factor of the influence gas accumulation regional location such as structure, geology of same massif is constant, because
The gas accumulation region run into this tunnel excavating process, by the region that gas is easily assembled during being still tunnel operation.
Fig. 3 shows the longitudinal sectional view of the tunnel structure.The gas drainage under suction duct 2 that gas accumulation region is drilled through
Tunneled with the continuation in tunnel, and be changed into the duct that is extended to from mountain table on the outside of Tunnel, and remain in massif
In., can also be again by 2 pairs of the gas drainage under suction duct if gas is assembled in bore position again during tunnel operation
The gas in these regions carries out extraction, to prevent the gas during tunnel is runed in massif from assembling on the outside of tunnel.
Although having been illustrated with some exemplary embodiments of the present invention above, those skilled in the art will manage
Solution, in the case where not departing from the principle or spirit of the present invention, can make a change to these exemplary embodiments, of the invention
Scope is limited by claim and its equivalent.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of gas drainage system in tunnel, it is characterised in that it includes conductance tunnels driving terminal anterior position and the external world
Gas drainage under suction duct, the air extractor for being arranged on outside tunnel and being connected with the gas drainage under suction duct and the gas is taken out
Sealed sealing device is realized in junction with air extractor in discharge hole road.
2. gas drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tunnel port position in the gas drainage under suction duct
In the front of the tunnel piercing terminal, mountain table port is located at the mountain table nearest apart from the tunnel piercing terminal.
3. gas drainage system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the air extractor is in the gas extraction hole
The mountain table port connection in road.
4. gas drainage system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the sealing device is by cement mortar, cushion rubber
At least one of hole packer or polyurethane sealing of hole material are made.
5. gas drainage system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that gas drainage under suction duct tetrad, fixed
The tunneling direction in adopted tunnel is longitudinal direction, and gas extraction hole is in the same cross section relative to tunnel described in same group.
6. gas drainage system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the gas of same group of gas drainage system
Extraction is parallel to each other between duct.
7. gas drainage system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the gas of same group of gas drainage system
Extraction duct is in the fan-shaped laying dissipated from tunnel piercing terminal anterior position to mountain table.
8. gas drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the air extractor include gas suction pump,
Insert the extraction steel pipe of the mountain table port in the gas drainage under suction duct and connect the extraction steel pipe and the gas suction pump
Extraction pipeline.
9. gas drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tunnel port position in the gas drainage under suction duct
3 meters -5 meters in front of the tunnel piercing terminal.
10. a kind of tunnel structure, it is characterised in that it uses the gas drainage system as described in claim 1-9 is any.
11. tunnel structure according to claim 10, it is characterised in that also inverted arch both sides including being laid in the tunnel
Drainage pipeline.
12. tunnel structure according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the ring french drain also arranged including array, described
The two ends of ring french drain are connected with the drainage pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710254582.XA CN106979031B (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Gas drainage system and tunnel structure in tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710254582.XA CN106979031B (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Gas drainage system and tunnel structure in tunnel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106979031A true CN106979031A (en) | 2017-07-25 |
| CN106979031B CN106979031B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
Family
ID=59346015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710254582.XA Active CN106979031B (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Gas drainage system and tunnel structure in tunnel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106979031B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107701224A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | One kind is used to that in gas tunnel gas-water separation, partition security exhaust system can be safeguarded |
| CN109931093A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-06-25 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of gas surface discharge device for gas tunnel |
| CN110029981A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-19 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | One kind being rich in biogas stratum stomata method for arranging |
| CN110043307B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-12-08 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Tidal basin biogas release method |
| CN117569864A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-20 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Device and method for exhausting gas of road tunnel penetrating through steep coal seam |
| CN118148696A (en) * | 2024-05-08 | 2024-06-07 | 山西太钢福达发展有限公司 | Flow guide pipe for gas drainage and gas collection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107701224A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | One kind is used to that in gas tunnel gas-water separation, partition security exhaust system can be safeguarded |
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| CN110043307B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-12-08 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Tidal basin biogas release method |
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| CN109931093A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-06-25 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of gas surface discharge device for gas tunnel |
| CN117569864A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-20 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Device and method for exhausting gas of road tunnel penetrating through steep coal seam |
| CN118148696A (en) * | 2024-05-08 | 2024-06-07 | 山西太钢福达发展有限公司 | Flow guide pipe for gas drainage and gas collection device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106979031B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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