CN108825247B - External inclination side wall horizontal bottom-making basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for 8 pilot tunnel PBA construction method - Google Patents
External inclination side wall horizontal bottom-making basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for 8 pilot tunnel PBA construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108825247B CN108825247B CN201810639295.5A CN201810639295A CN108825247B CN 108825247 B CN108825247 B CN 108825247B CN 201810639295 A CN201810639295 A CN 201810639295A CN 108825247 B CN108825247 B CN 108825247B
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001112 rose gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/10—Preparation of the ground
- E21D1/12—Preparation of the ground by freezing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a horizontal bottom-making basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for an outer inclined side wall of an 8-pilot tunnel PBA construction method, which is effectively integrated with the PBA construction method, wherein an outer inclined freezing hole is directly constructed by means of an upper-layer pilot tunnel, the outer inclined side wall is frozen, meanwhile, on the basis of an existing vertical shaft, an additional vertical shaft and an additional transverse channel are continuously excavated downwards, horizontal freezing pipes are arranged in the additional transverse channel, a basin bottom freezing bottom plate is formed by freezing, and thus a basin-shaped construction area is formed, the hydraulic connection inside and outside the excavated area can be effectively isolated, and the water stop purpose is achieved. The construction method does not need to construct guide holes in addition, does not need to construct vertical shafts alone, can reinforce the stratum in the later stage, does not increase cost, does not influence the key construction period, and has the advantages of zero extraction of underground water, zero pollution, zero discharge, strong adaptability, flexible construction, greenness, no pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban deep underground space excavation support, in particular to a freezing water stop construction process of a PBA station in a urban sensitive area.
Background
With the development of urban modernization progress, public transportation cannot meet the needs only by means of ground space, and building of an underground railway is a necessary result of urban development, and further, traffic jam is relieved, and necessary measures for encouraging bus travel are provided.
Up to now, more than 30 cities in our country have built subways, and along with the continuous increase of subway mileage, the subways are continuously developed in the depth direction. Along with the gradual increase of the excavation depth, the soil occurrence condition, the soil layer property and the stress state are continuously changed, and the groundwater becomes an important factor affecting the construction, so that how to effectively treat the groundwater problem encountered in the construction process is a problem to be solved in the urban subway construction process.
In modern cities, the buildings on the ground are dense, various pipelines under the ground are dense, and the buildings and pipelines can be greatly influenced by adopting a manual precipitation method. Meanwhile, with the continuous development of deep underground space, traditional precipitation measures cannot meet the increasingly deep precipitation requirements. Based on the above, the artificial freezing technology becomes an effective way for reasonably solving the problem of groundwater in urban subway construction.
The freezing method is a special construction technology which uses the artificial refrigeration technology to make water in stratum ice, change natural rock and soil into frozen soil, increase the strength and stability of the frozen soil, isolate the connection between underground water and underground engineering, and facilitate the construction of well bore or underground engineering under the protection of freezing wall. The technology is firstly used for mining Russian gold mine, and the technology for obtaining patents by using German engineers for coal mine construction tends to be mature, and is widely applied to projects such as deep foundation pit and mine construction. Has the advantages of effective isolation of groundwater, strong adaptability, flexible construction, green and pollution-free properties, etc. Therefore, the freezing method is introduced into urban tunnel construction, so that the problem of underground water is reasonably solved, and the method is technically feasible.
However, at present, an effective freezing construction method for the PBA station in the urban sensitive area is not available, the freezing effect is not ideal, a closed or semi-closed freezing wall structure cannot be formed, an effective freezing construction area cannot be formed, the freezing efficiency is low, the construction period is long, and the construction is easy to cause the phenomenon of steamed work due to freezing construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and particularly provides a basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for horizontally bottoming an camber side wall aiming at an 8-pilot tunnel PBA construction method, which can effectively form a freezing structure to isolate the hydraulic connection between the inside and the outside of an excavation area and achieve the water stop purpose.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a horizontal bottom-making basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for an outer inclined side wall of an 8-pilot tunnel PBA construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) Shaft freezing pipe and shaft construction: constructing a vertical shaft freezing pipe, performing vertical shaft excavation downwards after a vertical shaft freezing structure is formed, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the vertical shaft below a water level line;
(2) And (3) construction of an upper layer transverse channel and an upper layer pilot tunnel: excavating a vertical shaft to a preset position, constructing an upper layer transverse channel in the vertical shaft towards one side of the underground structure, and constructing an upper layer pilot tunnel in the upper layer transverse channel after the construction of the upper layer transverse channel is completed;
(3) And (3) constructing an camber freezing pipe: constructing an outward-tilting freezing hole downwards and outwards at the edge of the inner side, close to the outer side, of each side pilot tunnel at the two sides of the upper pilot tunnel, and inserting an outward-tilting freezing pipe into the hole;
(4) And (3) shaft excavation increasing construction: before, simultaneously with or after the construction step (2) or the construction step (3), continuing to excavate downwards from the vertical shaft to below the structural bottom plate to form an excavation-increasing vertical shaft, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the excavation-increasing vertical shaft;
(5) And (3) constructing a transverse channel freezing pipe and a transverse channel by increasing and digging: constructing an additional excavation transverse channel freezing pipe to the side of the underground structure in the additional excavation vertical shaft until the additional excavation transverse channel freezing pipe reaches the designed length, excavating an additional excavation transverse channel to the side of the underground structure by the additional excavation vertical shaft after the additional excavation transverse channel freezing structure is formed, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the additional excavation transverse channel;
(6) Horizontal freezing pipe construction: constructing a horizontal freezing hole in the direction extending to the underground structure in the transverse excavation increasing channel, and inserting a horizontal freezing pipe into the hole;
(7) Freezing network construction: the freezing pipelines are arranged and connected in the vertical freezing pipes and the horizontal freezing pipes, the vertical freezing pipes and the horizontal freezing pipes form a freezing network, and a refrigeration station is started for test operation;
(8) Forming a freeze wall: and starting a refrigerating station to perform freezing construction, wherein the side wall freezing pipes are frozen to form two side walls, and the horizontal freezing pipes are frozen to form a horizontal bottom, so that a basin-shaped construction area is formed.
Preferably, the construction shaft freezing pipe in the step (1) is: constructing a freezing pipe around the vertical shaft downwards from the ground to the designed depth, excavating the vertical shaft downwards, and constructing a freezing pipe at the bottom layer of the vertical shaft in the vertical shaft to the designed depth when the vertical shaft is excavated to be close to the underground water line.
Preferably, when the shaft under the water line is excavated, the freezing pipe at the bottom layer of the shaft under the water line is cut.
Preferably, in the step (5), a soil covering layer with a certain thickness is reserved between the top of the transverse channel and the bottom plate of the underground structure.
Preferably, the construction of the additional excavation transverse channel freezing pipes in the step (5) comprises the construction of the additional excavation transverse channel peripheral freezing pipes and the additional excavation transverse channel end face freezing pipes from the inside of the additional excavation vertical shaft to one side of the underground structure, the peripheral freezing pipes are used for forming peripheral freezing walls, the end face freezing pipes are used for forming end face freezing walls, and the peripheral freezing walls and the end face freezing walls jointly form an additional excavation transverse channel construction area.
Preferably, in the step (6), one, two, three or more rows of the horizontal freezing pipes are constructed.
Preferably, the step (7) of laying and connecting the freezing pipeline specifically comprises: a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe are inserted into the constructed freezing pipe, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid distribution pipe, and the liquid distribution pipe is connected with a refrigerating station; one end of the liquid return pipe is connected with the liquid collecting pipe, the liquid collecting pipe is connected with the refrigerating station, the liquid distribution pipe, the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid return pipe, the liquid collecting pipe and the refrigerating station form a freezing loop, and the camber freezing pipe and the horizontal freezing pipe jointly form a freezing network.
Preferably, the freezing construction in the step (8) is specifically: and (3) checking the air tightness of the freezing pipe, starting a refrigerating station after the freezing pipe is checked to be qualified, enabling a refrigerant to circulate in the freezing pipe, and determining the average temperature and thickness of the freezing wall by measuring and analyzing the data of the pre-buried temperature measuring pipe and the hydrologic pipe until the design requirement is met.
Preferably, the refrigerant is a low-temperature CaCl2 solution, liquid nitrogen or cooling water.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step (9) of refrigerant recovery and freezing pipe treatment: after the construction of the underground structure is completed, the refrigerant in the freezing pipe is extracted, the pipe orifice of the freezing pipe is blocked, and the orifice of the freezing hole is backfilled and blocked.
The invention has the advantages and the beneficial effects that:
(1) The construction method is effectively integrated with the PBA construction method, the camber freezing hole is directly constructed by means of the upper-layer guide hole, the guide hole is not required to be additionally constructed, the cost is not increased, and the key construction period is not influenced.
(2) Aiming at the PBA construction method of the 8 pilot tunnel, the side wall is outwards inclined, the excavation area of the main body structure in the basin-shaped construction area is a certain distance away from the freezing wall, the hydraulic connection between the inside and the outside of the excavation area is effectively isolated, the water stopping purpose is achieved, and meanwhile, the excavation of frozen soil can be avoided.
(3) On the basis of the existing vertical shaft, the additional vertical shaft and the additional transverse channel are continuously excavated downwards, the basin bottom freezing bottom plate is formed by freezing, the independent construction of the vertical shaft is not needed, too much engineering quantity is not increased, the cost is relatively saved, and the key construction period is not influenced.
(4) When the construction is used for horizontally making the bottom, the existing conditions are fully utilized by means of the vertical shaft formed by the PBA method, the engineering quantity is not increased too much, the water sealing structure for horizontally making the bottom is formed below the bottom plate of the underground structure, the freezing construction in the early stage and the freezing structure formed in the later stage do not interfere with the excavation operation, the freezing pipe is not required to be cut in the later stage, and the construction period is saved.
(5) The soil covering layer is arranged between the transverse excavation increasing channel and the structural bottom plate, so that the main body excavation area can be effectively prevented from being influenced by freezing, frozen soil does not need to be excavated, winter construction measures do not need to be adopted, and meanwhile, the floating resistance of the frozen bottom plate is enhanced by the soil covering layer.
(6) The freezing pipe is left in the soil body to serve as a group anchor, so that the stratum is reinforced, and the waste is utilized.
(7) The construction method is combined with the PBA construction method to mainly freeze, the freezing pipe can be used for reinforcing the stratum in the later stage, the waste utilization is realized, the groundwater is extracted in zero, most of freezing construction procedures are carried out underground, and the construction method has the advantages of zero pollution, zero external release, strong adaptability, flexible construction, greenness, no pollution and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction process of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic illustration of the construction process according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic view of the construction process according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a construction process according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the construction of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the freezing construction of the shaft of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a construction flow chart of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a shaft; 2. an upper layer transverse channel; 3. an upper pilot tunnel; 4. an camber freezing tube; 5. an camber sidewall; 6. digging a vertical shaft; 7. digging a transverse channel; 8. a horizontal freezing pipe; 9. horizontally making a bottom; 10. a crown beam; 11. covering a soil layer; 12. a lower pilot tunnel; 13. an outer contour of the subsurface structure; 14. freezing pipes around the vertical shaft; 15. freezing pipes at the bottom layer of the vertical shaft; 16. a peripheral freeze wall; 17. the bottom layer freezes the walls.
Description of the embodiments
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises/comprising," "consists of … …," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method as desired. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising/including … …," "consisting of … …," and the like, does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a product, apparatus, process, or method that includes the element.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the horizontal bottom-making basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for the camber side wall of the 8 pilot tunnel PBA construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) Shaft freezing pipe and shaft construction: constructing a vertical shaft freezing pipe, performing vertical shaft excavation downwards after a vertical shaft freezing structure is formed, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the vertical shaft below a water level line; the excavation shaft can be subjected to a suitable construction process on site according to construction conditions.
Referring specifically to fig. 6, the construction shaft freezing pipe is: constructing a vertical shaft periphery freezing pipe 14 from the ground downwards to the designed depth, excavating the vertical shaft downwards, constructing a vertical shaft bottom freezing pipe 15 in the vertical shaft to the designed depth when the vertical shaft is excavated to be close to a ground water line, and continuing excavating the vertical shaft downwards after the vertical shaft freezing structure is formed. The peripheral freezing pipe 14 is used for forming the peripheral freezing wall 16, the bottom freezing pipe 15 is used for forming the bottom freezing wall 17, and a cylindrical structure with closed sides and bottom is formed by the peripheral freezing wall 16 and the bottom freezing wall 17, and can block the hydraulic connection between the inside and the outside of the vertical shaft, so that a safe vertical shaft construction area is provided.
The freezing wall around the vertical shaft is damaged during the later construction of the lower layer transverse passage, so that water burst is caused, and the inner wall of the vertical shaft below the water level line is provided with a waterproof structure.
When the shaft excavation is continued downward below the water line, the shaft bottom layer freezing pipe 15 hinders the excavation, and the shaft bottom layer freezing pipe below the water line is cut while the excavation operation is performed.
(2) And (3) construction of an upper layer transverse channel 2 and an upper layer pilot tunnel 3: when the vertical shaft is excavated to the position of the upper transverse passage, constructing an upper transverse passage on the inward side surface of the vertical shaft, and constructing four upper pilot tunnels 3 in the upper transverse passage after the construction of the upper transverse passage is completed; the upper guide hole is used as a working face for the construction of the later main structure, and the upper transverse channel is used as a soil outlet channel during the construction of the main structure.
(3) Constructing an camber freezing pipe 4: and (3) constructing outward-tilting freezing holes downwards and outwards at the edges of the inner sides and the outer sides of the side pilot holes at the two sides of the upper layer 4 pilot holes, and inserting outward-tilting freezing pipes into the holes.
Because 4 pilot holes on the upper layer and 4 pilot holes on the lower layer of the 8 pilot hole PBA construction method are respectively arranged correspondingly, when a freezing scheme is considered, the existence of the lower pilot hole does not have the condition of directly constructing a vertical freezing hole, and therefore, aiming at the 8 pilot hole PBA construction method, the invention provides a practical and feasible side wall freezing design scheme which is effectively combined with the PBA construction method, the freezing hole is directly constructed by the upper side pilot hole, the additional construction of the pilot hole is not needed, the construction cost is saved, and the key construction period is not influenced.
The camber freezing pipe stretches into the pilot tunnel to reserve certain length for arrange the freezing pipeline and freeze the construction, reserve the section in the reservation position of roof beam 10, form integrated structure with the roof beam during the construction roof beam, fix the freezing pipe and play the guard action to the freezing pipe, prevent the soil body excavation and destroy the freezing pipe when the structure construction.
(4) And (3) shaft excavation increasing construction: the vertical shaft continues to excavate downwards below the structural bottom plate to form an excavation-increasing vertical shaft 6, and a waterproof structure is added on the inner wall of the excavation-increasing vertical shaft; the construction of the shaft 6 is not in conflict with the construction of the upper layer transverse passage and the freezing pipe, and can be flexibly carried out with the site condition, and in order to save the construction period, the optimal mode is shown in fig. 7, and the construction of the shaft 6 and the transverse passage 7 is synchronously carried out with the construction of the upper layer transverse passage, the upper layer pilot tunnel and the camber freezing pipe.
After the additional excavation of the vertical shaft is completed, the peripheral freezing wall of the additional excavation of the vertical shaft can be damaged when the additional excavation of the transverse channel freezing pipe is performed in the later period, so that water burst is caused, and the inner wall of the additional excavation of the vertical shaft is provided with a waterproof structure.
(5) And (3) constructing a transverse channel freezing pipe and a transverse channel 7: and (3) penetrating through the waterproof structure of the excavation-increasing vertical shaft and the freezing wall around the excavation-increasing vertical shaft from one side of the underground structure in the excavation-increasing vertical shaft, constructing the excavation-increasing transverse passage freezing pipe to the designed length, and excavating the excavation-increasing transverse passage from the excavation-increasing vertical shaft to one side of the underground structure after the excavation-increasing transverse passage freezing structure is formed.
The construction of the additional excavation transverse channel freezing pipes comprises the construction of the additional excavation transverse channel peripheral freezing pipes and the additional excavation transverse channel end face freezing pipes from the inside of the additional excavation vertical shaft to one side of the underground structure, the peripheral freezing pipes are used for forming peripheral freezing walls, the end face freezing pipes are used for forming end face freezing walls, and the peripheral freezing walls and the end face freezing walls jointly form an additional excavation transverse channel construction area.
Because the transverse channel is below the underground water line, after the construction of the transverse channel is finished, the peripheral freezing walls can be damaged by the horizontal freezing pipes arranged at the later stage, and water burst is caused, so that the inner wall of the transverse channel is additionally provided with a waterproof structure to meet the construction requirement below the underground water line.
The soil covering layer 11 with a certain thickness is reserved between the top of the excavation transverse channel and the structural bottom plate, the soil covering layer is reserved between the main body excavation area and the horizontal bottom making area, the influence of the horizontal bottom making thickness formed by horizontal freezing on the main body excavation area can be effectively prevented, frozen soil does not need to be excavated, winter construction measures do not need to be adopted, and meanwhile the floating resistance of the horizontal bottom making area can be well enhanced due to the existence of the soil covering layer.
(6) Horizontal freezing pipe construction: and constructing a horizontal freezing hole in the extending direction of the underground structure in the transverse excavation increasing passage, and inserting a horizontal freezing pipe 8 into the hole.
The conventional basin-shaped freezing water stopping measure is to freeze the periphery of an excavation area of an underground structure to form a curtain, namely, a side wall freezes a wall, meanwhile, a densely distributed vertical freezing pipe is arranged in the range of the excavation area of the underground structure, the vertical freezing pipe freezes to form a bottom water sealing structure with a certain thickness, and the side wall and bottom are formed into a freezing water stopping structure with a closed bottom. The horizontal freezing pipe is constructed below the underground structure excavation area, the freezing structure and the excavation area are not interfered with each other, and the influence on the underground structure construction caused by the freezing construction process and the formation of the freezing structure is effectively avoided.
The horizontal freezing pipes are used for constructing one or more rows, which depends on the required freezing thickness of the basin bottom, and in the normal case, a single row of freezing pipes is 1.5 meters, two rows of freezing pipes are about 3 meters, and three rows of freezing pipes are about 4 meters thick, and under the premise of ensuring the requirements on freezing effects and comprehensively considering the construction cost, the horizontal freezing pipes are preferably used for constructing two or three rows.
Referring to fig. 5, the arrangement of the freezing pipe in the transverse and longitudinal directions is to cover the area of the underground main structure, namely to cover the outer contour 13 of the underground structure, wherein the underground structure is an underground station and extends to a certain extent in the transverse and longitudinal directions than the area where the underground main structure is located, so that the requirement of the construction range of the underground structure is ensured to be met, and meanwhile, the freezing area can be prevented from extending to the construction area, and the excavation of frozen soil and the winter construction are avoided.
(7) Freezing network construction: and (5) arranging freezing pipelines in the camber freezing pipe and the horizontal freezing pipe to form a freezing network.
The arrangement of the freezing pipeline is specifically as follows: a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe are inserted into the constructed freezing pipe, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid distribution pipe, and the liquid distribution pipe is connected with a refrigerating station; one end of the liquid return pipe is connected with the liquid collecting pipe, the liquid collecting pipe is connected with the refrigerating station, the liquid distribution pipe, the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid return pipe, the liquid collecting pipe and the refrigerating station form a closed freezing loop, and the camber freezing pipe and the horizontal freezing pipe jointly form a freezing network.
(8) Forming a freeze wall: and starting a refrigerating station to perform freezing construction, wherein the camber freezing pipe 4 is frozen to form a camber side wall 5, the horizontal freezing pipe 8 is frozen to form a horizontal freezing bottom plate, namely a horizontal bottom making plate 9, and thus a basin-shaped construction area is formed.
After the freezing wall is formed, manual hole digging operation of the side piles is carried out, soil body excavation below the underground water level, 4 lower guide holes 12 and main structure construction are carried out.
The freezing construction is specifically as follows: and (3) checking the air tightness of the freezing pipe, starting a refrigerating station after the freezing pipe is checked to be qualified, enabling a refrigerant to circulate in the freezing pipe, and determining the average temperature and thickness of the freezing wall by measuring and analyzing the data of the pre-buried temperature measuring pipe and the hydrologic pipe until the design requirement is met.
The refrigerant is low-temperature CaCl 2 Solution, liquid nitrogen or cooling water.
After the construction of the underground structure is completed, the scheme of natural thawing or manual rapid thawing can be adopted to recover the flow of underground water, the refrigerant in the freezing pipe is extracted, the mouth of the freezing pipe is blocked, and the mouth of the freezing hole is backfilled and blocked. The freezing pipe is left in the soil layer and acts together with the soil body, so that the stratum can be reinforced in the later stage.
After the construction of the underground structure is completed, necessary backfill treatment measures such as plugging guide holes, backfilling transverse channels and backfilling shafts are carried out, so that the construction of the whole underground structure is completed.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any conceivable variations or equivalents within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The horizontal bottom-making basin-shaped freezing water stop construction method for the camber side wall of the 8-pilot tunnel PBA construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Shaft freezing pipe and shaft construction: constructing a vertical shaft freezing pipe, performing vertical shaft excavation downwards after a vertical shaft freezing structure is formed, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the vertical shaft below a water level line;
(2) And (3) construction of an upper layer transverse channel and an upper layer pilot tunnel: excavating a vertical shaft to a preset position, constructing an upper layer transverse channel in the vertical shaft towards one side of the underground structure, and constructing an upper layer pilot tunnel in the upper layer transverse channel after the construction of the upper layer transverse channel is completed;
(3) And (3) constructing an camber freezing pipe: constructing an outward-tilting freezing hole downwards and outwards at the edge of the inner side, close to the outer side, of each side pilot tunnel at the two sides of the upper pilot tunnel, and inserting an outward-tilting freezing pipe into the hole;
(4) And (3) shaft excavation increasing construction: before, simultaneously with or after the construction step (2) or the construction step (3), continuing to excavate downwards from the vertical shaft to below the structural bottom plate to form an excavation-increasing vertical shaft, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the excavation-increasing vertical shaft;
(5) And (3) constructing a transverse channel freezing pipe and a transverse channel by increasing and digging: constructing an additional excavation transverse channel freezing pipe to the side of the underground structure in the additional excavation vertical shaft until the additional excavation transverse channel freezing pipe reaches the designed length, excavating an additional excavation transverse channel to the side of the underground structure by the additional excavation vertical shaft after the additional excavation transverse channel freezing structure is formed, and adding a waterproof structure to the inner wall of the additional excavation transverse channel;
(6) Horizontal freezing pipe construction: constructing a horizontal freezing hole in the direction extending to the underground structure in the transverse excavation increasing channel, and inserting a horizontal freezing pipe into the hole;
(7) Freezing network construction: the freezing pipes are arranged and connected in the camber freezing pipes and the horizontal freezing pipes, the longitudinal and transverse freezing pipes form a freezing network, and a refrigeration station is started to perform test operation;
(8) Forming a freeze wall: and starting a refrigerating station to perform freezing construction, wherein the side wall freezing pipes are frozen to form two side walls, and the horizontal freezing pipes are frozen to form a horizontal bottom, so that a basin-shaped construction area is formed.
2. The frozen water-stopping method according to claim 1, wherein the construction shaft freezing pipe in the step (1) is: constructing a freezing pipe around the vertical shaft downwards from the ground to the designed depth, excavating the vertical shaft downwards, and constructing a freezing pipe at the bottom layer of the vertical shaft in the vertical shaft to the designed depth when the vertical shaft is excavated to be close to the underground water line.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the below-water-level shaft bottom freezing pipe is cut when the below-water-level shaft is excavated.
4. The frozen water-stopping construction method according to claim 1, wherein a soil covering layer with a certain thickness is reserved between the top of the transverse channel and the bottom plate of the underground structure in the step (5).
5. The frozen water stop construction method according to claim 1, wherein the construction of the additional excavation cross passage freezing pipes in the step (5) comprises the construction of the additional excavation cross passage peripheral freezing pipes and the additional excavation cross passage end face freezing pipes from the inside of the additional excavation shaft toward the underground structure side, the peripheral freezing pipes being used for forming peripheral freezing walls, the end face freezing pipes being used for forming end face freezing walls, the peripheral freezing walls and the end face freezing walls together constituting an additional excavation cross passage construction area.
6. The frozen water-stop construction method according to claim 1, wherein in step (6) one, two, three or more rows of horizontal freezing pipes are constructed.
7. The frozen water-stopping method according to claim 1, wherein the step (7) of laying and connecting the frozen pipeline is specifically as follows: a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe are inserted into the constructed freezing pipe, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid distribution pipe, and the liquid distribution pipe is connected with a refrigerating station; one end of the liquid return pipe is connected with the liquid collecting pipe, the liquid collecting pipe is connected with the refrigerating station, the liquid distribution pipe, the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid return pipe, the liquid collecting pipe and the refrigerating station form a freezing loop, and the camber freezing pipe and the horizontal freezing pipe jointly form a freezing network.
8. The freezing and water stopping method according to claim 1, wherein the freezing construction in the step (8) is specifically: and (3) checking the air tightness of the freezing pipe, starting a refrigerating station after the freezing pipe is checked to be qualified, enabling a refrigerant to circulate in the freezing pipe, and determining the average temperature and thickness of the freezing wall by measuring and analyzing the data of the pre-buried temperature measuring pipe and the hydrologic pipe until the design requirement is met.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the coolant is low-temperature CaCl 2 Solution, liquid nitrogen or cooling water.
10. The freezing and water-stopping method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of (9) recovering refrigerant and treating the freezing pipe: after the construction of the underground structure is completed, the refrigerant in the freezing pipe is extracted, the pipe orifice of the freezing pipe is blocked, and the orifice of the freezing hole is backfilled and blocked.
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| CN109854249A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-07 | 中煤第五建设有限公司 | It is a kind of for extra deep shaft formation pre processing around the lane Jing Huan method |
| CN112431189A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-02 | 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 | Advanced freezing and reinforcing method for water-rich silt stratum for underground continuous wall construction |
| CN113235563B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-27 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Municipal communication channel drain pipe orifice gland repairing liquid nitrogen freezing device and gland repairing method |
| CN116164166B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2024-05-10 | 长江生态环保集团有限公司 | Freezing construction auxiliary equipment and method for grooving buried pipe |
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