CN106970079B - Method for identifying day age of teleost by using inner shell - Google Patents
Method for identifying day age of teleost by using inner shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN106970079B CN106970079B CN201710107533.3A CN201710107533A CN106970079B CN 106970079 B CN106970079 B CN 106970079B CN 201710107533 A CN201710107533 A CN 201710107533A CN 106970079 B CN106970079 B CN 106970079B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aquatics, in particular to a method for identifying the day age of soft fishes by using an inner shell, which comprises a method for grinding the cross section of the inner shell and observing and counting growing grains. The invention solves the problems that the inner shell is not easy to grind, the grinding is easy to fall off and the growing lines are not easy to observe and count, and provides the method which can quickly and accurately grind to the optimal plane, ensure higher slice-making success rate and accurately judge the number of the growing lines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquatics, in particular to a method for identifying the day age of soft fishes by using an inner shell, and relates to a method for observing growth lines of the inner shell.
Background
The soft fishes are a general name of the species of the family mollicidae, the phylum mollusca, the class cephalopoda and the order of gun, the life of the soft fishes is about 1 year old, and the soft fishes are important ocean economic species and are widely distributed in various oceans and sea areas such as south and north poles in the world. The identification of the age in the day is taken as the key content of the biology and the ecology of the fishery of the soft fishes, and has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Otoliths, horny jaws, and the like are considered as reliable materials for identifying the age of soft fishes, and conventionally, there have been studied attempts to identify the age of soft fishes by using growth lines on the surface of the inner hull, but they cannot be used for age identification because of difficulty in identifying early growth lines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for identifying the age of the soft fishes by using an inner shell, which mainly comprises the steps of extracting, cleaning, dehydrating, drying, cutting, resin embedding, cutting, fixing, grinding, polishing, picture making, growth pattern counting and the like; grinding the cross section of the stem part of the inner shell, namely grinding the cross section of the stem part of the inner shell into thin sheets from the far end and the near end of the inner shell to the middle part of the stem part respectively; the prepared section is photographed by a CCD (charge coupled device) so as to ensure that the growth lines can be read at any time in the future; the growth lines are counted from the dorsal core to the ventral rim of the inner shell.
The method utilizes the inner shells which are stable in shape, easy to extract and convenient to grind to identify the age in days of the soft fishes, comprises the steps of manufacturing the slices of the inner shells of the soft fishes and observing and counting the growth veins of the inner shells, identifies the age in days of the soft fishes by reading the number of the growth veins on the cross sections of the inner shells, and provides a new method for directly identifying the age in days of the soft fishes.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for identifying the day age of teleost using an inner hull, comprising the steps of:
a. cutting: taking out the inner shell, and cutting the stem part of the inner shell;
b. embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem and fill the mold, and then placing the mold at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
c. cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell;
d. fixing: c, fixing the resin sheet obtained in the step c on a glass slide with the proximal end facing downwards;
e. polishing: polishing the far end of the resin sheet fixed on the glass slide, and performing coarse grinding and fine grinding to the middle part;
f. polishing: polishing the polished inner shell resin sheet to remove oil and impurities, and finishing the polishing of one surface of the resin sheet;
g. putting the polished resin slice in the step f and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, then roughly grinding from the far end to the middle part, then finely grinding until the growth lines of the cross section are clear, and finally polishing to obtain an inner shell slice;
h. and (3) observing growth lines: the number of growth lines was counted from the dorsal core of the inner shell to the ventral rim.
Preferably, the cutting in step a is performed by cutting away the stem portion and the caudal vertebra portion of the inner shell, leaving only the stem portion.
Preferably, step d also includes adhering the distal end of the inner shell down onto the slide, and then grinding, polishing and performing the subsequent steps from the proximal end of the inner shell toward the center.
Preferably, the pretreatment of the inner shell before cutting in step a comprises the following steps:
A. extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
B. cleaning: cleaning the surface of the inner shell by using clean water;
C. and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
D. and (3) drying: and D, placing the inner shell treated in the step C into a fume hood, and naturally drying the inner shell for about 1 week.
Preferably, the step of counting growing lines in step h is:
I. making pictures: placing the prepared section on a glass slide, and dripping clear water by using a rubber head dropper; photographing the growth lines of the inner shell under the condition of 200 times of a microscope connected with a CCD, and respectively performing picture splicing treatment on the photographed pictures by using image processing software;
II. Counting growing lines: the number of growing lines is counted from the core of the back side of the inner shell to the edge of the ventral side of the image collected under 200 times, and the part with wider wheel spacing is selected for counting in the counting process.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for making a squid inner shell slice is provided, which comprises the following steps:
a. cutting: taking out the inner shell, and cutting the stem part of the inner shell;
b. embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem and fill the mold, and then placing the mold at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
c. cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell;
d. fixing: c, fixing the resin sheet obtained in the step c on a glass slide with the proximal end facing downwards;
e. polishing: polishing the near end of the resin sheet fixed on the glass slide, and performing coarse grinding and fine grinding to the middle part;
f. polishing: polishing the polished inner shell resin sheet to remove oil and impurities, and finishing the polishing of one surface of the resin sheet;
g. and f, placing the polished resin slice and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, roughly grinding from the far end to the middle part, finely grinding until the growth lines of the cross section are clear, and finally polishing to obtain the inner shell slice.
Preferably, the pretreatment of the inner shell before cutting in step a comprises the following steps:
A. extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
B. cleaning: cleaning the surface of the inner shell by using clean water;
C. and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
D. and (3) drying: and D, placing the inner shell treated in the step C into a fume hood, and naturally drying the inner shell for about 1 week.
More preferably, the method for manufacturing the squid inner shell slices comprises the following steps:
(1) extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
(2) cleaning: cleaning the surface of the inner shell by using clean water;
(3) and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
(4) and (3) drying: and (4) putting the inner shell treated in the step (3) into a fume hood, and naturally drying the inner shell for about 1 week.
(5) Cutting: taking out the dried inner shell, cutting off the handle part and the caudal vertebra part, and leaving the stem part for later use;
(6) embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem and fill the mold, and then placing the mold at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
(7) cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into 2-3mm resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell, and enabling the grinding surface to be parallel to the cutting surface of the inner shell;
(8) fixing: adhering the resin sheet (with the proximal end of the inner shell facing downwards) on a glass slide by using a strong quick adhesive;
(9) polishing: polishing the resin sheet (the far end of the inner shell) fixed on the glass slide, and sequentially polishing the resin sheet to the middle part by using 240, 600, 1200 and 2500 water-polishing abrasive paper in the polishing process;
(10) polishing: adding 0.05 μm alumina agent into the flannelette to polish the grinding surface, and removing surface scratches and redundant impurities caused by the water abrasive paper, thereby finishing the grinding of the far end of the inner shell;
(11) and (3) putting the polished resin slice and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, repeating the grinding and polishing processes from the inlet end of the inner shell to the middle part until the growth lines of the cross section are clear, and continuously observing the grinding degree under an optical microscope in the grinding process so as to avoid over grinding.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for observing and counting the growing veins of the inner shell of a soft fish, comprising the following steps:
I. making pictures: placing the inner shell section manufactured in the step on a glass slide, and dripping clear water by using a rubber head dropper; photographing the growth lines of the inner shell under the condition of 200 times of a microscope connected with a CCD, and respectively performing picture splicing treatment on the photographed pictures by using image processing software;
II. Counting growing lines: the number of growing lines is counted from the core of the back side of the inner shell to the edge of the ventral side of the image collected under 200 times, and the part with wider wheel spacing is selected for counting in the counting process.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the method for identifying the age of the soft fishes by using the inner shells is easy to extract the inner shells, convenient to grind and stable in information storage, and the identification of the age of the soft fishes by the inner shells is direct, reliable and accurate.
2. According to the method, the stem of the inner shell is selected for slicing, so that the readability of the growth lines and the accuracy of counting are improved; in the method, the grinding of the inner shell adopts cold-buried resin embedding, and then cutting and grinding are carried out, so that the deviation of a grinding plane in the grinding process of the inner shell is avoided, and the success rate of slice manufacturing and the readability of growth lines are increased.
3. In the method, the convenience of counting the growing lines is greatly facilitated by adopting the photographing system in counting the growing lines; the prepared section is photographed by a CCD (charge coupled device) so as to ensure that the growth lines can be read at any time in the future.
4. The invention solves the problems that the inner shell is not easy to directly grind (grinding contact surface is increased after embedding, grinding plane offset probability is reduced), the grinding is easy to fall off (the dried inner shell is not easy to fall off after resin embedding) and the growth lines are not easy to observe and count (the growth lines on the cross section of the stem part of the inner shell are easier to observe and count than other parts), and provides the method which can quickly and accurately grind to the optimal plane, ensure higher slice making success rate and accurately judge the number of the growth lines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the shape, orientation and cross-section of the inner shell of a soft fish.
FIG. 2 shows the counting direction of growing streaks in the inner shell of soft fish.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1: method for identifying day age of soft fishes by using inner shells
The operation steps are as follows:
1. extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
2. cleaning: cleaning mucus and other organic matters on the surface of the taken inner shell by using clean water;
3. and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
4. and (3) drying: the dehydrated inner shell is placed in a fume hood and allowed to dry naturally for about 1 week.
5. Cutting: taking out the completely dried inner shell (fig. 1), cutting off the handle and the caudal vertebra part with surgical scissors, and keeping the stem part;
6. embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent (with the viscosity of 60mPas, purchased from Sanhao instruments and Equipment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen) according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem of the inner shell, filling the mold, and then placing the inner shell at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
7. cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into 2-3mm resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell, and enabling the grinding surface to be parallel to the cutting surface of the inner shell;
8. fixing: adhering the resin sheet (with the proximal end of the inner shell facing downwards) on a glass slide by using a strong quick adhesive;
9. polishing: polishing the resin sheet (the far end of the inner shell) fixed on the glass slide, and sequentially polishing the resin sheet to the middle part by using 240, 600, 1200 and 2500 water-polishing abrasive paper in the polishing process;
10. polishing: adding 0.05 μm alumina agent into the flannelette to polish the grinding surface, and removing surface scratches and redundant impurities caused by the water abrasive paper, thereby finishing the grinding of the far end of the inner shell;
11. placing the polished resin slice and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, and repeating the grinding and polishing processes from the inlet end of the inner shell to the middle until the growth lines of the cross section are clear and visible, wherein the grinding process needs to continuously observe the grinding degree under an optical microscope so as to avoid over grinding;
12. placing the polished inner shell slices into a paper bag for storage, and marking;
13. making pictures: placing the prepared section on a glass slide, and dripping a drop of clear water by using a rubber head dropper (increasing the observation definition); photographing the growth pattern of the inner hull under a microscope of Olympus with a CCD (CCD image sensor) attached at 200 × magnification; respectively carrying out picture splicing processing on the shot pictures by using Photoshop 7.0 image processing software;
14. counting growing lines: the number of growing lines was counted from the dorsal core of the inner shell to the ventral border of the image acquired at 200 x times (fig. 2), and the counting was performed where the wheel pitch was wider during counting (fig. 2).
Example 2: method for making soft fish inner shell slices
The operation steps are as follows:
(1) cutting: taking out the completely dried inner shell (fig. 1), cutting off the handle and the caudal vertebra part with surgical scissors, and keeping the stem part;
(2) embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent (with the viscosity of 60mPas, purchased from Sanhao instruments and Equipment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen) according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem of the inner shell, filling the mold, and then placing the inner shell at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
(3) cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into 2-3mm resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell, and enabling the grinding surface to be parallel to the cutting surface of the inner shell;
(4) fixing: adhering the resin sheet (with the proximal end of the inner shell facing downwards) on a glass slide by using a strong quick adhesive;
(5) polishing: polishing the resin sheet (the far end of the inner shell) fixed on the glass slide, and sequentially polishing the resin sheet to the middle part by using 240, 600, 1200 and 2500 water-polishing abrasive paper in the polishing process; or the far end of the inner shell is stuck on the glass slide downwards, and then the far end of the inner shell is ground, polished and carried out the subsequent steps from the far end to the middle part;
(6) polishing: adding 0.05 μm alumina agent into the flannelette to polish the grinding surface, and removing surface scratches and redundant impurities caused by the water abrasive paper, thereby finishing the grinding of the far end of the inner shell;
(7) placing the polished resin slice and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, and repeating the grinding and polishing processes from the inlet end of the inner shell to the middle until the growth lines of the cross section are clear and visible, wherein the grinding process needs to continuously observe the grinding degree under an optical microscope so as to avoid over grinding;
the inner shell is preprocessed before cutting in the step (1), and the method comprises the following steps:
A. extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
B. cleaning: cleaning the surface of the inner shell by using clean water;
C. and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
D. and (3) drying: and D, placing the inner shell treated in the step C into a fume hood, and naturally drying the inner shell for about 1 week.
Example 3: method for observing and counting inner shell growth veins of soft fishes
The operation steps are as follows:
(1) making pictures: placing the prepared section on a glass slide, and dripping a drop of clear water by using a rubber head dropper (increasing the observation definition); photographing the growth pattern of the inner hull under a microscope of Olympus with a CCD (CCD image sensor) attached at 200 × magnification; respectively carrying out picture splicing processing on the shot pictures by using Photoshop 7.0 image processing software;
(2) counting growing lines: the number of growing lines was counted from the dorsal core of the inner shell to the ventral border of the image acquired at 200 x times (fig. 2), and the counting was performed where the wheel pitch was wider during counting (fig. 2).
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the appended claims is to be accorded the full range of equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for identifying the day age of soft fishes by using an inner shell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. cutting: taking out the inner shell, pretreating the inner shell, and then cutting off the handle part and the caudal vertebra part of the inner shell to only leave the stem part;
b. embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem and fill the mold, and then placing the mold at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
c. cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell;
d. fixing: c, fixing the resin sheet obtained in the step c on a glass slide with the proximal end facing downwards;
e. polishing: polishing the far end of the resin sheet fixed on the glass slide, and performing coarse grinding and fine grinding to the middle part;
f. polishing: polishing the polished inner shell resin sheet to remove oil and impurities, and finishing the polishing of one surface of the resin sheet;
g. putting the polished resin slice in the step f and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, then roughly grinding from the far end to the middle part, then finely grinding until the growth lines of the cross section are clear, and finally polishing to obtain an inner shell slice;
h. and (3) observing growth lines: the number of growth lines is counted from the dorsal core of the inner shell to the ventral rim,
wherein, the pretreatment of the inner shell in the step a comprises the following steps:
A. extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
B. cleaning: cleaning the surface of the inner shell by using clean water;
C. and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
D. and (3) drying: the inner shell treated in step C was placed in a fume hood and allowed to dry naturally for 1 week.
2. The method for identifying the day age of squid using an inner shell as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step d is performed by sticking the inner shell to the slide with the distal end of the inner shell facing downward, then grinding, polishing and performing the subsequent steps from the proximal end of the inner shell to the middle.
3. The method for identifying the day age of teleost in claim 1, wherein the step h of counting the growing streaks comprises the steps of:
I. making pictures: placing the prepared inner shell slice on a glass slide, and dripping clear water by using a rubber head dropper; photographing the growth lines of the inner shell under the condition of 200 times of a microscope connected with a CCD, and respectively performing picture splicing treatment on the photographed pictures by using image processing software;
II. Counting growing lines: the number of growing lines is counted from the core of the back side of the inner shell to the edge of the ventral side of the image collected under 200 times, and the part with wider wheel spacing is selected for counting in the counting process.
4. A method for manufacturing inner shell slices of soft fishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. cutting: taking out the inner shell, pretreating the inner shell, and then cutting off the handle part and the caudal vertebra part of the inner shell to only leave the stem part;
b. embedding: preparing a cold-buried resin solution from acrylic powder and a liquid curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.5, pouring the cold-buried resin solution into a mold, enabling the solution to wrap the whole stem and fill the mold, and then placing the mold at room temperature in a dark place for hardening;
c. cutting: cutting the embedded and hardened resin into resin sheets along the cross section of the inner shell;
d. fixing: c, fixing the resin sheet obtained in the step c on a glass slide with the proximal end facing downwards;
e. polishing: polishing the near end of the resin sheet fixed on the glass slide, and performing coarse grinding and fine grinding to the middle part;
f. polishing: polishing the polished inner shell resin sheet to remove oil and impurities, and finishing the polishing of one surface of the resin sheet;
g. putting the polished resin slice in the step f and the glass slide on a heating table, heating until the resin is softened, taking down the resin slice, drying, turning over the resin slice, fixing the resin slice on the glass slide, then roughly grinding from the far end to the middle part, finely grinding until the growth lines of the cross section are clear, and finally polishing to obtain an inner shell slice,
wherein, the pretreatment of the inner shell in the step a comprises the following steps:
A. extraction: carefully extracting the soft fish inner shell by using a scalpel and scissors to prevent the inner shell from being broken and broken;
B. cleaning: cleaning the surface of the inner shell by using clean water;
C. and (3) dehydrating: dewatering the cleaned inner shell in anhydrous alcohol for 30 days;
D. and (3) drying: and D, placing the inner shell treated in the step C into a fume hood, and naturally drying the inner shell for about 1 week.
5. A method for observing and counting inner shell growth veins of soft fishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
I. making pictures: preparing slices of inner shells of the soft fishes by the preparation method of claim 4, placing the prepared slices of the inner shells on a glass slide, and dripping clear water by using a rubber head dropper; photographing the growth lines of the inner shell under the condition of 200 times of a microscope connected with a CCD, and respectively performing picture splicing treatment on the photographed pictures by using image processing software;
II. Counting growing lines: the number of growing lines is counted from the core of the back side of the inner shell to the edge of the ventral side of the image collected under 200 times, and the part with wider wheel spacing is selected for counting in the counting process.
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| CN110243640B (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for quickly preparing inner cavity grinding disc of deep sea porophytes |
| CN109060800A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-21 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of fish-egg, larval morphometrics method for drafting |
| CN111693527A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-22 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for identifying day age of cuttlefish by using cuttlefish bone |
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