CN106966933B - 一种合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法 - Google Patents

一种合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法 Download PDF

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CN106966933B
CN106966933B CN201710119757.6A CN201710119757A CN106966933B CN 106966933 B CN106966933 B CN 106966933B CN 201710119757 A CN201710119757 A CN 201710119757A CN 106966933 B CN106966933 B CN 106966933B
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袁冰芯
李恒
陈永奇
杨贯羽
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Zhengzhou University
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    • C07D295/04Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/12Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms
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    • C07D295/22Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:将酚类化合物或胺类化合物、硫醇类化合物、过渡金属催化剂、水加入反应瓶中、封口,向反应瓶中充入氧气、加热搅拌反应,之后经萃取、干燥、浓缩、纯化,制得芳基硫醚类化合物。本发明提供了一种通过酞菁类过渡金属催化剂催化酚类或胺类化合物与硫醇类化合物的氧化偶联反应来制备芳基硫醚类化合物的新方法。合成步骤简单、操作简便易行、产物收率高,达80%以上,为芳基硫醚类化合物的合成提供了一种新途径。与现有方法比,原料廉价易得,且用水作溶剂(催化剂能够很好地溶解在水中),非均相条件下,能够得到高分离收率的芳基硫醚化合物,提高了反应的效率和反应的原子经济性。

Description

一种合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及氧(硫)氮类化合物合成技术领域,具体涉及一种芳基硫醚类化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
芳基硫化物广泛存在于材料科学和药物的活性化合物中,许多能够治疗阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、癌症、疟疾、炎症和HIV病毒的药物核结构中都有芳基硫化合物单元(Liu,G.;Huth,J.R.;Olejniczak,E.et al.J.Med.Chem.2001,44,1202-1210.)。比如硫醚中,2-芳硫基苯酚化合物具有药物活性,其可以合成4-羟基-3-(芳硫基)-2H-色烯-2-酮,此化合物表现出抗菌和止痛活性。鉴于官能团化的芳基硫醚具有重要的实用性,众多的催化反应都改善了C-S键的形成。一般的合成方法是通过催化剂将C-H键活化,发生氧化偶联反应,形成C-S键,而最为典型的是用碘做催化剂,有机试剂作溶剂(如下反应1和反应2所示),这是一种普遍的、有效的合成途径(Yasunari M.,Motonori K.,Takahiro N.,etal.J.Org.Chem.2004,69,7688-7693.),但是容易污染环境。其中硫醇化/硫化试剂,例如磺酰肼,亚磺酸钠和二芳基二硫化物价格昂贵且污染环境。随着社会的发展,人们对发展绿色化学和保护环境表现出了极大地热情。在探索中,环保的合成方法取得了很大的进步。虽然在科研工作中已有以分子氧作为氧化剂参与氧化反应的报道,然而在实际工业生产中还未得到应用,主要是源于高压反应中对于反应容器的特殊要求导致造价过高。
传统的反应如下:
发明内容
本发明提供了一种条件温和、环境友好且能直接利用酚类或胺类和硫醇类化合物的氧化偶联反应来合成芳基硫醚类化合物的新方法。
本文在实验过程中,选择了易溶于水的金属配合物催化剂,以天然存在的分子氧作为氧化剂,在非均相条件下能够高效的得到目标产物,且原料经济易得,最重要的是能够达到环保的要求。
实现本发明的技术方案是:一种合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:将酚类化合物或胺类化合物、硫醇类化合物、过渡金属催化剂、水加入反应瓶中、封口,向反应瓶中充入氧气、加热搅拌反应,之后经萃取、干燥、浓缩、纯化,制得芳基硫醚类化合物;所述芳基硫醚类化合物具有以下通式:
通式中R1表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、卤基、杂环基或酯基;R2表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、杂环基或酯基。
所述的酚类化合物或胺类化合物、硫醇类化合物、过渡金属催化剂的摩尔比为酚类化合物或胺类化合物:硫醇类化合物:过渡金属催化剂=(0.5-1.5):(0.8-2.5):(0.03-0.08);所述水的用量为1-10mL。
所述酚类化合物或胺类化合物具有如下通式:
通式中X为羟基或氨基;R1表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、卤基、杂环基或酯基。
所述的硫醇类化合物具有如下通式:
R2-SH
通式中R2表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、杂环基或酯基。
所述过度金属催化剂的结构通式为:
通式中Y表示Fe、Cu、Mn、Co、Ni;Z表示C、S。
所述加热搅拌时反应温度为80-120℃;反应时间为10-24 h。
在本发明方法中,仅需向反应容器中冲入一大气压的氧气,无需高压反应容器,普通的玻璃仪器即可,这在分子氧作为氧化剂的反应条件中是一大进步,也意味着提供了分子氧工业应用的途径。此外,本发明方法以水作溶剂,由于目标有机产物在水中溶解性极地,反应后处理过程中可以简单的过滤即可得到目标产物,而反应催化剂仍溶解于水中。过滤后反应母液仍可在循环使用,减少反应废弃物和废液。反应通过碳氢键活化得到目标产物,副产物主要是水,实现了绿色合成的目标。
本发明的反应方程式如下:
本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供了一种通过酞菁类过渡金属催化剂催化酚类或胺类化合物与硫醇类化合物的氧化偶联反应来制备芳基硫醚类化合物的新方法。合成步骤简单、操作简便易行、产物收率高,达80%以上,为芳基硫醚类化合物的合成提供了一种新途径。与现有方法比,原料廉价易得,且用水作溶剂(催化剂能够很好地溶解在水中),非均相条件下,能够得到高分离收率的芳基硫醚化合物,达到了环保的条件,提高了反应的效率和反应的原子经济性。
附图说明
图1是实施例5制备的芳基硫醚类化合物的1H NMR图谱;
图2是实施例5制备的芳基硫醚类化合物的13C NMR。
具体实施方式
实施例1
芳基硫醚类化合物的制备方法如下:
向干燥的25mL Schlenk反应管中加入β-萘酚化合物(0.5mmol),对甲苯硫酚(1.5mmol),磺化酞菁钴(0.025mmol),加入水2mL,冲入氧气,加热至回流,反应18h,反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,柱色谱分离得到目标产物。
实施例2
芳基硫醚类化合物的制备方法如下:
向干燥的25mL Schlenk反应管中加入β-萘酚化合物(0.5mmol),邻溴苯硫酚(83.5mg,1.5mmol),四羧基酞菁铜(0.025mmol),加入水2mL,冲入氧气,加热至回流,反应24h,反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,柱色谱分离得到目标产物。
实施例3
芳基硫醚类化合物的制备方法如下:
向干燥的25mL Schlenk反应管中加入6-溴-2-萘酚化合物(0.5mmol),己硫醇(1.5mmol),磺化酞菁铁(0.025mmol),加入水2mL,冲入氧气,加热至回流,反应24h,反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,柱色谱分离得到目标产物。
实施例4
芳基硫醚类化合物的制备方法如下:
向干燥的25mL Schlenk反应管中加入β-萘酚化合物(0.5mmol),对甲苯硫酚(1.5mmol),磺化酞菁锰(0.025mmol),加入水2mL,冲入氧气,加热至回流,反应24h,反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,柱色谱分离得到目标产物。
实施例5
芳基硫醚类化合物的制备方法如下:
向干燥的25mL Schlenk反应管中加入6-溴-2-萘酚(0.5mmol),4-氨基苯硫酚(1.5mmol),磺化酞菁锰(0.025mmol),加入水2mL,冲入氧气,加热至回流,反应24h,反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,柱色谱分离得到目标产物。
Red Brown solid,92%yield.162-164℃.1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ=10.20(s,1H),8.35(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.10(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.86(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.62-7.60(m,1H),7.350-7.34(m,1H),6.98-6.95(m,2H),6.48-6.46(m,2H),5.12(s,2H)。
13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO),δ=158.4,148.0,134.9,130.9,130.8,130.5,130.4,130.3,127.5,121.4,120.2,116.5,115.0,112.5。
不同条件下制备芳基硫醚类化合物见表1。
表1不同条件下制备芳基硫醚类化合物
a酚类化合物或胺类化合物:硫醇类化合物:过渡金属催化剂
以上所述均为本发明的部分实施例,并非用来限制本发明。但凡依本发明内容所做的均等变化与修饰,都为本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:将酚类化合物、硫醇类化合物、过渡金属催化剂、水加入反应瓶中、封口,向反应瓶中充入氧气、加热搅拌反应,之后经萃取、干燥、浓缩、纯化,制得芳基硫醚类化合物;所述芳基硫醚类化合物具有以下通式:
通式中R1表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、卤基、杂环基或酯基;R2表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、杂环基或酯基;
所述的酚类化合物、硫醇类化合物、过渡金属催化剂的摩尔比为酚类化合物:硫醇类化合物:过渡金属催化剂=(0.5-1.5):(0.8-2.5):(0.03-0.08);所述水的用量为1-10 mL;
所述过渡金属催化剂的结构通式为:
通式中Y表示Fe、Cu、Mn、Co、Ni;Z表示S。
2.如权利要求1所述的合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法,其特征在于所述酚类化合物具有如下通式:
通式中X为羟基;R1表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、卤基、杂环基或酯基。
3.如权利要求1所述的合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述的硫醇类化合物具有如下通式:
通式中R2表示氢原子、烷基、芳基、酰基、杂环基或酯基。
4.如权利要求1所述的合成芳基硫醚类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述加热搅拌时反应温度为80-120℃;反应时间为10-24 h。
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