CN106965507A - 改性棉纤维毡的制备方法 - Google Patents

改性棉纤维毡的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106965507A
CN106965507A CN201710127781.4A CN201710127781A CN106965507A CN 106965507 A CN106965507 A CN 106965507A CN 201710127781 A CN201710127781 A CN 201710127781A CN 106965507 A CN106965507 A CN 106965507A
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吴祖明
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Changshu Dongyu Insulated Compound Materials Co Ltd
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    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
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    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
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    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
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Abstract

本发明公开一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，所述的改性棉纤维毡的制备方法其步骤：（1）手糊成型，（2）拉挤成型，（3）闭模成型，（4）缠绕工艺，（5）离心浇铸成型，本发明提供一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，具有易成型、低成本、具有高粘结性的优点。

Description

改性棉纤维毡的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法。
背景技术
目前，大部分汽车内饰件厂家，在生产前围隔音垫中使用的材料主要是棉纤维毡使用胶水与 EVA 或 PVC 软板粘接，或者是在 EVA 或 PVC 软板吸塑成型后聚氨酯发泡，或者是 海绵片与 EVA 或 PVC 软板涂胶水后符合。两者的粘合主要是通过粘合剂来粘合的，这些粘 合剂是带刺激性气味含有机挥发物的胶水，如 PU 胶水、氯丁胶水灯，这些胶水，在使用涂胶 时，需要喷涂或刷涂，带有毒性的挥发性溶剂，对人体的健康有害，并且粘合效果也不佳。而且，现有生产汽车前围隔音垫使用棉纤维毡成型，以及棉纤维毡与 EVA软板毡 复合工艺，有以下几个明显的缺点 ：(1)、棉纤维毡要通过渗胶后模压成型，或者通过在纤维毡中混入酚醛树脂再热压成型；(2)、棉纤维毡与 EVA 软板的复合是通过涂胶后模压成型且与 EVA 软板的粘接强度 低易分层；(3)、用来粘合棉纤维毡与 EVA 软板的粘合剂含有大量的易挥发有强刺激性气味的有机溶剂，如丙酮等，这些气体具有毒性；(4) 加入酚醛树脂的棉纤维毡要通过加热模压成型，热压成型产生三甲胺等有毒气体并且基本上不可回收，回收成本很高，且不环保；(5)、现有传统棉纤维毡无法制成高强度高硬度的刚性板材。具体来说，传统的棉纤维毡，需要成型时，需要加入化学粘合剂成型，或加热固性树脂粉 (通常为酚醛树脂 )加热成型 ；传统的棉纤维毡在要与 EVA软板等材料复合时，需要在材料表面喷涂胶水，使其两种材料粘接在一起。加入化学粘合剂成型或者涂胶水复合，均使用化学胶水，造成气味问题并增加了材料成本 ；并且加热固性树脂粉 ( 通常为酚醛树脂 ) 加热成型，会产生有毒气体，如三甲胺等。
发明内容
本发明提供一种具有易成型、低成本、具有高粘结性优点的改性棉纤维毡的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，（1）手糊成型：在模具上涂刷含有固化剂的树脂混合物，再在其上铺贴一层按要求剪裁好的玻璃纤维短切毡，用刷子、压辊或刮刀压挤织物，使其均匀浸胶并排除气泡后，再涂刷树脂混合物和铺贴第二层玻璃纤维短切毡，反复上述过程直至达到所需厚度为止；
（2）拉挤成型：采用与无捻粗纱复合使用方式，用连续毡和缝编毡作拉挤制品；
（3）闭模成型：由阴模和阳模两片半模和一个加压泵及注射枪组成，无需压机，采用连续毡和缝编毡，要求毡片应易于被树脂浸透；
（4）缠绕工艺：采用短切毡和连续毡，用于缠绕成型主要用作制品的富树脂层，包括内衬层和外表面层；
（5）离心浇铸成型：将短切毡预先铺放在模具内，然后将树脂加入到旋转着的开口模腔内，通过离心排出气泡使制品密实。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述的富树脂层包括不饱和聚酯树脂。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述的模具内温度控制在110℃-170℃。
本发明的一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，具有易成型、低成本、具有高粘结性的优点。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
其中，（1）手糊成型：在模具上涂刷含有固化剂的树脂混合物，再在其上铺贴一层按要求剪裁好的玻璃纤维短切毡，用刷子、压辊或刮刀压挤织物，使其均匀浸胶并排除气泡后，再涂刷树脂混合物和铺贴第二层玻璃纤维短切毡，反复上述过程直至达到所需厚度为止；
（2）拉挤成型：采用与无捻粗纱复合使用方式，用连续毡和缝编毡作拉挤制品；
（3）闭模成型：由阴模和阳模两片半模和一个加压泵及注射枪组成，无需压机，采用连续毡和缝编毡，要求毡片应易于被树脂浸透；
（4）缠绕工艺：采用短切毡和连续毡，用于缠绕成型主要用作制品的富树脂层，包括内衬层和外表面层；
（5）离心浇铸成型：将短切毡预先铺放在模具内，然后将树脂加入到旋转着的开口模腔内，通过离心排出气泡使制品密实。
进一步说明，所述的富树脂层包括不饱和聚酯树脂，所述的模具内温度控制在110℃-170℃。
在进一步说明，拉挤成型是复合材料成型工艺中的一种特殊工艺，其优点是：①生产过程完全实现自动化控制，生产效率高；②拉挤成型制品中纤维含量可高达80%，浸胶在张力下进行，能充分发挥增强材料的作用，产品强度高；③制品纵、横向强度可任意调整，可以满足不同力学性能制品的使用要求；④生产过程中无边角废料，产品不需后加工，故较其它工艺省工，省原料，省能耗；⑤制品质量稳定，重复性好，长度可任意切断。拉挤成型工艺的缺点是产品形状单调，只能生产线形型材，而且横向强度不高。模具是拉挤成型技术的重要工具，一般由预成型模和成型模两部分组成。①预成型模具 在拉挤成型过程中，增强材料浸渍树脂后（或被浸渍的同时），在进入成型模具前，必须经过由一组导纱元件组成的预成型模具，预成型模的作用是将浸胶后的增强材料，按照型材断面配置形式，逐步形成近似成型模控形状和尺寸的预成型体，然后进入成型模，这样可以保证制品断面含纱量均匀。②成型模具 成型模具横截面面积与产品横截面面积之比一般应大于或等于10，以保证模具有足够的强度和刚度，加热后热量分布均匀和稳定。拉挤模具长度是根据成型过程中牵引速度和树脂凝胶固化速度决定，以保证制品拉出时达到脱模固化程度。一般采用钢镀铬，模腔表面要求光洁，耐磨，借以减少拉挤成型是的摩擦阻力和提高模具的使用寿命。本发明提供一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，具有易成型、低成本、具有高粘结性的优点。
本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (3)

1.一种改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于：
（1）手糊成型：在模具上涂刷含有固化剂的树脂混合物，再在其上铺贴一层按要求剪裁好的玻璃纤维短切毡，用刷子、压辊或刮刀压挤织物，使其均匀浸胶并排除气泡后，再涂刷树脂混合物和铺贴第二层玻璃纤维短切毡，反复上述过程直至达到所需厚度为止；
（2）拉挤成型：采用与无捻粗纱复合使用方式，用连续毡和缝编毡作拉挤制品；
（3）闭模成型：由阴模和阳模两片半模和一个加压泵及注射枪组成，无需压机，采用连续毡和缝编毡，要求毡片应易于被树脂浸透；
（4）缠绕工艺：采用短切毡和连续毡，用于缠绕成型主要用作制品的富树脂层，包括内衬层和外表面层；
（5）离心浇铸成型：将短切毡预先铺放在模具内，然后将树脂加入到旋转着的开口模腔内，通过离心排出气泡使制品密实。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的
富树脂层包括不饱和聚酯树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的改性棉纤维毡的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的
模具内温度控制在110℃-170℃。
CN201710127781.4A 2017-03-06 2017-03-06 改性棉纤维毡的制备方法 Pending CN106965507A (zh)

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CN111925186A (zh) * 2020-07-11 2020-11-13 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 一种硅酸铝纤维增强气凝胶毡的制备方法及浸胶反应釜
CN111925186B (zh) * 2020-07-11 2022-03-11 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 一种硅酸铝纤维增强气凝胶毡的制备方法及浸胶反应釜

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Application publication date: 20170721