CN106964734A - T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a semi-solid die forging forming process for a T-shaped piece. The process described in the process needs to be processed by a T-shaped die forging system, and a mechanical stirring method is used to prepare an aluminum-based composite semi-solid blank, and the semi-solid blank is Heating at the temperature of secondary remelting for 50 minutes, pour the semi-solid alloy into the cavity of the T-shaped piece mold that accommodates the semi-solid billet, the alloy fills the cylinder perpendicular to the axis of the T-shaped piece, and undergoes a liquid state under the first pressure. Filling, the punch pressure is less than or equal to the hydraulic piston pressed on the left slider and the right slider, and the aluminum-based composite semi-solid blank is solidified and continues to load the punch under the second pressure, so that the solidified metal part pushes the said The left slider and the right slider move outward, and after the left slider and the right slider reach the set position, stop the loading of the punch, and complete the forming of the cylindrical part of the horizontal unequal diameter of the two axes through plastic deformation; , the first pressure is less than the second pressure.

Description

Semi-solid Die Forging Forming Technology of T-shaped Parts

technical field

The invention relates to a semi-solid die forging forming process for a T-shaped piece.

Background technique

Although liquid die forging combines the advantages of traditional casting and forging, it is still mainly formed by solidification. Therefore, there is still a certain gap in performance compared with forgings produced by solid die forging. The main reason is the amount of plastic deformation. Small, the organizational state is not a deformed fine-grained structure. In order to improve the performance of the two forming technology parts, in recent years, some scholars have proposed to use casting to make the blank first, and then carry out ordinary hot die forging. This method is only suitable for simple shape parts, and the main purpose is to save materials.

In view of the above-mentioned defects, the designer actively researches and innovates, in order to create a semi-solid die forging forming process for T-shaped parts, so that it has more industrial utilization value.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a semi-solid die forging forming process for T-shaped parts that improves and precisely controls the structure and properties of liquid die forging parts.

The T-shaped part semi-solid die forging forming process of the present invention, the process needs to be processed by a T-shaped part die forging system, wherein the T-shaped part die forging system includes: semi-solid batching preparation equipment and forging die forming equipment, The forging die forming equipment includes: a T-shaped piece mold and a pressure driving device. The T-shaped piece mold at least includes a T-shaped forming assembly, and the T-shaped forming assembly includes: a punch, a left die, a right die and a left die. The slider and the right slider are respectively pressed with hydraulic pistons on the left slider and the right slider; the pressure driving device controls the movement of the left slider and the right slider, and by adjusting the pressure The pressure of the driving device realizes different speeds;

Described technology comprises the following steps at least:

The aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet is prepared by mechanical stirring method, including: selecting 2A50 wrought aluminum alloy as the base material, and SiCp particles as the reinforcement material, wherein the SiCp particles have a particle size of 7 μm and a volume fraction of 7.5%;

Pretreating the SiCp particles to obtain spare reinforcement particles;

Melting 2A50 aluminum alloy: use a crucible to melt the aluminum alloy to 640℃～660℃, add refining agent, remove slag after refining for 5 minutes, stir the aluminum alloy liquid during slag removal, and move up and down;

Add 1.5wt% to 2wt% pure Mg to the aluminum alloy liquid;

Preheating of SiCp particles: Wrap SiCp particles with 10g of aluminum foil, put them into the crucible of the heating furnace, heat to 600°C, and keep it warm for 30min to 60min;

First add the preheated SiCp particles into the stirring crucible, then add the aluminum alloy liquid, and heat it. When the temperature is heated above 680°C, keep it warm for more than 30 minutes and start stirring. When stirring, adjust the stirring rod according to the material content in the crucible Change the rotation direction of the stirring rod after every 3 to 10 minutes of stirring, control the heating temperature at 680°C to 700°C, and keep stirring for 40 to 60 minutes with the stirring rod at 875r/min;

Immediately after the stirring is completed, the composite material is poured into the preheated billet mold and press-formed. The preheating temperature of the billet mold is 300-350°C, and the holding time is 0.5-1min/mm to obtain an aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet;

Set the temperature for the secondary remelting of the aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet, which is the temperature corresponding to the temperature when the solid phase fraction of the aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet is 60% to 90%, and the semi-solid The blank is heated for 50 minutes at the temperature of secondary remelting, and the semi-solid alloy is poured into the cavity of the T-shaped piece mold that accommodates the semi-solid blank. Liquid filling, the pressure of the punch is less than or equal to the hydraulic piston pressed on the left slider and the right slider, the loading speed of the punch is 15mm/s, and the pressure is maintained for 20s after the punch is loaded, and the aluminum-based composite semi-solid blank is solidified. Continue to load the punch under the second pressure, so that the solidified metal part pushes the left slider and the right slider to move outward. After the left slider and the right slider reach the set position, stop the punch loading , through plastic deformation to complete the forming of the cylindrical part with two horizontal unequal diameters; wherein, the first pressure is smaller than the second pressure.

Further, the T-shaped piece mold includes a backing plate on which the lower template is fixed on the lower template through a screw plug, and a die fixing sleeve opposite to the backing plate. The left die and the right die are respectively passed through the left method The blue and right flanges are connected to the fixed sleeve of the die, the left slider is arranged on the left die, the right slider is arranged on the right slider, and the left slider 1. Hydraulic pistons are respectively pressed on the right slider, and the unilateral gap between the punch, the left die and the right die is 0.06 to 0.1 mm;

It also includes a punch fixing plate on which the upper template is fixed by bolts, and a punch backing plate is arranged between the punch fixing plate and the upper template.

Further, a slope is provided between the die and the die sleeve of the die.

Further, the pressure driving device includes: a fuel tank, a hydraulic pump, a relief valve, a throttle valve, a reversing valve and a hydraulic cylinder; after starting, the throttle valve is used to adjust the pressure of the oil pressure to drive the cylinder piston to move at different rates, Until the stroke after the press continues to apply pressure is satisfied, the pressure drive device controls the left and right sliders by two oil cylinders.

Further, it also includes a fixed connection device, and the fixed connection device includes: a fixed ring and a moving ring arranged at parallel intervals, and the fixed ring and the moving ring are connected to two guide posts, and the guide posts are provided with threads , the moving ring is covered with a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is provided with a screw thread that is threaded on the guide post, and the guide post below the guide sleeve is provided with a nut, and the moving ring passes through two The threaded guide post and nut are supported, and the hydraulic cylinder of the pressure driving device is arranged on the moving ring, and the height of the moving ring can be adjusted through threads to control the center of the hydraulic cylinder and the left and right sides of the T-shaped mold. The center of the right slider is at the same horizontal height.

Furthermore, the die forging system for T-shaped pieces also includes: a hydraulic press, a heating furnace, a temperature controller, and a thyristor temperature meter; a controllable temperature meter and an open heating furnace are used to heat and melt metal, and the power of the open heating furnace is 10kw, the temperature sensor material is nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon alloy, and 4 resistance wires are used to heat the blank mold; ceramic tubes are installed inside and outside the resistance wires, and refractory asbestos materials are wrapped during heating to reduce the heat exchange between the blank mold and the environment; XMT-101 digital display temperature control instrument is used to measure the temperature of the blank mold. The measurement range of the temperature control device is 1-1300 degrees Celsius, and the error is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius; the coil voltage is 380V, which can realize overvoltage and overcurrent protection; the hydraulic machine is 2000KN liquid die forging hydraulic press.

Further, use engine oil graphite lubricant to lubricate the T-shaped piece mold, add graphite powder with a mass fraction of 5% into engine oil with a mass fraction of 95%, and spray it on the surface of the blank mold cavity with a spray gun after uniform stirring , and its thickness is 0.05-0.1mm.

Further, the first pressure is 10MPa, 20MPa or 30MPa; the material of the T-shaped components is 5CrNiMo.

Further, the pretreatment of SiCp particles specifically includes:

Pickling: Soak SiCp particles in 10% HF solution for 24 hours for pickling;

Cleaning: Wash the SiCp suspension after pickling for 24 hours with a large amount of distilled water for several times, and change the distilled water every 1 to 2 hours until the solution reaches neutrality;

Drying: Remove the water on the surface of the SiCp liquid, and dry it in a drying oven at 140°C to 160°C for 24h to 28h;

Grinding: The dried SiCp has agglomeration phenomenon, and it is ground with a mortar to make it into a powder, and it is sealed and stored after grinding;

Sintering: SiCp processed through the above process needs to be sintered at a high temperature of 800°C±5°C for 2 to 3 hours.

Further, the sintering process specifically includes: putting the crucible into a heating furnace and preheating it to 100°C-150°C with the furnace, putting SiCp particles into the crucible and heating it to 300°C-400°C with the furnace, and keeping the temperature for about 30 minutes. And keep stirring; heating to 800°C for sintering, need to keep stirring during the sintering process; cool down to room temperature with the furnace.

By means of the above scheme, the T-shaped part semi-solid die forging forming process of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

In a blank mold cavity, the liquid metal first completes the filling and solidification under a low pressure to obtain a blank that is similar in shape to the formed part; after continuing to increase the pressure, the formed metal will force some movable modules to move and release Some blank mold space, at the same time make the pre-segment blank realize the real plastic deformation under the action of pressure, and finally obtain the formed part. This technology is of great significance for improving and precisely controlling the microstructure and properties of liquid and semi-solid die forgings, and provides an efficient and energy-saving near Net shape technology lays the theoretical foundation.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement them according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawings are described in detail below.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of die forging blank die of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pressure drive device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fixed connection device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a T-shaped part semi-solid die forging process flow chart of the present invention;

1-upper template; 2-punch backing plate; 3-punch; 4-punch fixing plate; 5, 10, 17-bolts; 6, 9-left and right die; 7, 13-left and right sliding Block; 8, 11-left and right flange; 12-hydraulic piston; 14-die fixing sleeve; 15-backing plate; 16-lower template; -throttle valve; 25-reversing valve; 26-hydraulic cylinder; 31-moving ring; 32-guide post; 33-guide sleeve; 35-fixed ring; 36-nut;

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The technical principle of the integrated die forging of the present invention is: in a mold cavity, the semi-solid metal is firstly filled and solidified under a relatively low pressure to obtain a blank that is similar in shape to the formed part; after continuing to increase the pressure, it is formed The metal forces some of the movable modules to move, freeing up some mold space, while allowing the pre-segment to undergo a true plastic deformation under pressure, resulting in a formed part. This technology is of great significance for improving and precisely controlling the microstructure and properties of semi-solid die forging parts, and lays a theoretical foundation for providing an efficient and energy-saving near-net-shaping technology for light alloy parts used in lightweight automobiles, heavy machinery, and weaponry.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, a kind of semi-solid die forging process of T-shaped piece described in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described process at least includes the following steps:

The process needs to be processed by a T-shaped piece die forging system, wherein the T-shaped piece die forging system includes: semi-solid ingredient preparation equipment and forging die forming equipment, and the forging die forming equipment includes: T-shaped piece mold , a pressure drive device, the T-shaped piece mold at least includes a T-shaped assembly, and the T-shaped assembly includes: a punch, a left die, a right die, a left slider, and a right slider. Hydraulic pistons are respectively pressed on the slider and the right slider; the pressure driving device controls the movement of the left slider and the right slider, and realizes different speeds by adjusting the pressure of the pressure driving device;

Described technology comprises the following steps at least:

The aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet is prepared by mechanical stirring method, including: selecting 2A50 wrought aluminum alloy as the base material, and SiCp particles as the reinforcement material, wherein the SiCp particles have a particle size of 7 μm and a volume fraction of 7.5%;

Pretreating the SiCp particles to obtain spare reinforcement particles;

Melting 2A50 aluminum alloy: use a crucible to melt the aluminum alloy to 640℃～660℃, add refining agent, remove slag after refining for 5 minutes, stir the aluminum alloy liquid during slag removal, and move up and down;

Add 1.5wt% to 2wt% pure Mg to the aluminum alloy liquid;

Preheating of SiCp particles: Wrap SiCp particles with 10g of aluminum foil, put them into the crucible of the heating furnace, heat to 600°C, and keep it warm for 30min to 60min;

First add the preheated SiCp particles into the stirring crucible, then add the aluminum alloy liquid, and heat it. When the temperature is heated above 680°C, keep it warm for more than 30 minutes and start stirring. When stirring, adjust the stirring rod according to the material content in the crucible Change the rotation direction of the stirring rod after every 3 to 10 minutes of stirring, control the heating temperature at 680°C to 700°C, and keep stirring for 40 to 60 minutes with the stirring rod at 875r/min;

Immediately after the stirring is completed, the composite material is poured into the preheated billet mold and press-formed. The preheating temperature of the billet mold is 300-350°C, and the holding time is 0.5-1min/mm to obtain an aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet;

Set the temperature for the secondary remelting of the aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet, which is the temperature corresponding to the temperature when the solid phase fraction of the aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet is 60% to 90%, and the semi-solid The blank is heated for 50 minutes at the temperature of secondary remelting, and the semi-solid alloy is poured into the cavity of the T-shaped piece mold that accommodates the semi-solid blank. Liquid filling, the pressure of the punch is less than or equal to the hydraulic piston pressed on the left slider and the right slider, the loading speed of the punch is 15mm/s, and the pressure is maintained for 20s after the punch is loaded, and the aluminum-based composite semi-solid blank is solidified. Continue to load the punch under the second pressure, so that the solidified metal part pushes the left slider and the right slider to move outward. After the left slider and the right slider reach the set position, stop the punch loading , through plastic deformation to complete the forming of the cylindrical part with two horizontal unequal diameters; wherein, the first pressure is smaller than the second pressure.

The process needs to be completed using a T-shaped die forging system, wherein the T-shaped die forging system includes: a T-shaped die, a pressure drive device, the T-shaped die at least includes a T-shaped component, the The T-shaped assembly includes: a punch, a left die, a right die, a left slider, and a right slider, and hydraulic pistons are respectively pressed on the left slider and the right slider; the pressure driving device Control the movement of the left slider and the right slider, and realize different speeds by adjusting the pressure of the pressure drive device;

In this embodiment, a T-shaped piece with a simple shape is selected as a typical piece of integrated die forging. The semi-solid filling is a cylinder with a vertical axis, and the two cylindrical parts with horizontal axes and unequal diameters are formed by plastic deformation after the filling metal is solidified. . In the integrated forming process, both semi-solid filling and plastic deformation must be completed, so the requirements for the forming device are high and complex.

The integrated die forging system of this embodiment includes three main parts: a blank mold part, a pressure driving device, and a fixed connection device. The blank mold part is the main body of the forming device; the pressure drive device controls the movement of the movable slider, and achieves different speeds by adjusting its pressure; the fixed connection device connects the blank mold with the pressure drive device and makes the blank mold movable core Suitable for hydraulic cylinders.

The main points of blank mold design are as follows:

(1) The blank mold material of the formed part is liquid and semi-solid die forging during the forming process. The formed part is in contact with the molten metal and absorbs a large amount of heat. Therefore, the strength may be reduced due to excessive temperature, which requires the selected material to have Certain strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Proper heat treatment of the blank mold steel to increase the hardness, if the hardness is not enough, the blank mold may be damaged. 5CrNiMo is selected as the formed part for this test.

(2) The clearance between convex and concave touches should be appropriate. If the gap between the concave and convex is too small, it will collide or bite due to the assembly error between the punch and the die; if it is too large, the molten aluminum-based composite semi-solid billet can be ejected through the gap between the billet mold, ①causing danger,② Longitudinal flash is generated, reducing the effect of pressurization, ③ hindering the downward movement of the punch, causing pressure loss, making the size of the forging insufficient, and aggravating the damage of the blank die, making the gap larger, causing a vicious circle. According to the actual production experience, the unilateral gap is 0.06-0.1mm, which is more suitable.

(3) The demoulding structure cannot use the ejector rod to directly eject the part due to the shape limitation of the part, but needs to eject the combined die first, and then open the combined die to take out the die forging. At the same time, in order to facilitate the removal of the die, a certain slope needs to be designed between the die and the die sleeve.

(4) Some gas will be entrained in the process of exhausting the molten metal itself and pouring into the cavity. If the gas is not discharged into the cavity, it will hinder the filling of the metal, resulting in gas trapping inside the forging and bubble depressions on the outer surface, which seriously affects the manufacturing process. The quality model of the piece. Under normal circumstances, the blank mold should be equipped with vent holes. In this test, there is no vent hole, but the gas is discharged through the gap between the convex and concave dies.

The working principle of the T-shaped blank forming die: when forming, first pour the molten metal into the combined die, and fill it in liquid state under a small punch 3 pressure, and the metal gradually solidifies during filling. At this time, the force given by the hydraulic press to the punch is less than or equal to the external control pressure of the movable slider, so the slider remains still and the cavity remains in the blackened area in the figure. Continue to increase the pressure, the pressure of the metal blank on the movable slider increases, and gradually exceeds the external control pressure of the movable slider, the formed part of the metal will push the slider 6, 13 to move outward, the shape of the cavity changes, and the cavity space At this time, the cylinder (φ50) formed by filling produces compressive plastic deformation, and the two horizontal cylinders (φ20, φ30) are formed by sub-shear large plastic deformation by variable-diameter angular extrusion.

In this embodiment, (1) the control mode of the movable core is changed. The original design uses springs to achieve control. When working, one may fail and the pressure will increase with the displacement of the core; the other is that the control pressure is small; the third is that the spring components and installation accessories take up a lot of space, and large cores cannot be obtained. If the amount of movement is to be realized, the size of the blank mold will become very large, so a hydraulic system can be designed to replace the original spring.

(2) Increase the slope on the outside of the die to reduce the contact area between the die and the mold sleeve, and use positioning pins to position to control the formation of burrs and reduce the demoulding resistance after forming.

The pressure driving device consists of six parts: oil tank, hydraulic pump, relief valve, throttle valve, reversing valve and hydraulic cylinder. Figure 2 is its schematic diagram. After the hydraulic system is started, the pressure of the oil pressure is adjusted through the throttle valve, and the piston of the oil cylinder is driven to move at different speeds until the stroke of the press continues to be satisfied. This system uses two oil cylinders to control the left and right sliders. Since the diameters of the left and right cylindrical surfaces are different, the pressure they receive is also different. We can use this system to add more changes in test conditions. Integrated die forging technology is more fully studied.

Auxiliary equipment is designed to fix and connect the movable slider to control the hydraulic cylinder and the forming blank mold, as shown in Figure 2. This set of auxiliary equipment is composed of two large rings with the same inner and outer diameters, supported by two threaded guide posts and nuts. The height of the upper circular ring can be adjusted by threads so that the center of the control oil cylinder and the center of the blank mold movable slide block are at the same level. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on this ring that can move up and down.

The pretreatment of SiC _p particles is to improve its wettability with aluminum alloys, but the simple treatment of SiC _p particles still cannot ensure a good interfacial bonding between SiC _p particles and aluminum alloys. , SiC _p particle addition method, stirring and other process parameters are strictly controlled.

(1) Preheating of SiC _p In order to better combine SiC _p with molten aluminum, SiC _p needs to be preheated. According to the predetermined volume fraction of the composite material, wrap the weighed SiC _p with 10g of aluminum foil, put it into the bottom of the stirring crucible and heat it to 600°C with the furnace, and keep it warm for more than 30min. At this temperature, the gas and moisture in SiC _p can be fully removed, and the temperature difference between the two can be reduced when adding aluminum liquid and stirring, which is beneficial to the wetting between SiC _p particles and aluminum liquid, and makes the distribution of SiC _p in the matrix more stable. uniform.

(2) Melting aluminum alloy - use another crucible to smelt aluminum alloy to 640 ℃ ~ 660 ℃, add refining agent, remove slag after refining for 5 minutes, stir the aluminum liquid with a spoon, and move it up and down to remove the slag. Impurities such as gases in molten aluminum. Then 1.5wt%-2wt% pure Mg is added to the alloy liquid to reduce the wetting angle between SiC _p particles and aluminum liquid, reduce its surface tension and increase wettability.

(3) Preparation of composite materials by mechanical stirring Pour the molten aluminum in the melting crucible into the stirring crucible, and start stirring after keeping the temperature at 680°C for more than 30 minutes. When stirring, adjust the up and down position of the stirring rod according to the material content in the crucible, and change the rotation direction of the stirring rod after stirring for a few minutes, so that the vortex flow generated by the blade can stir all the materials and make them even.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. and modifications, these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology, it is characterised in that described technique need to be added using T-shaped part die forging system Work is completed, wherein described T-shaped part die forging system includes：Semisolid dispensing Preparation equipment and forging die forming equipment, the forging die Former includes：T-shaped part mould, pressure actuated device, the T-shaped part mould at least include it is T-shaped into component, it is described it is T-shaped into Component includes：Punch-pin, left cavity plate, right cavity plate and left slider, right sliding block, pressure is set respectively on described left slider, right sliding block Some hydraulic pistons；The described left slider of the pressure actuated device control, the movement of right sliding block, and by adjusting pressure-driven The pressure size of device realizes different speed；

Described technique at least comprises the following steps：

Aluminum-base composite semi-solid blank is prepared using mechanical mixing method, including：Select matrix material 2A50 forging aluminium alloys, reinforcement Material is SiCp particles, wherein, SiCp grains degree is 7 μm, volume fraction 7.5%；

SiCp particles are pre-processed, standby reinforcement particle is obtained；

Melting 2A50 aluminium alloys：With crucible for smelting aluminium alloy to 640 DEG C~660 DEG C, refining agent is added, refining removes the gred after 5 minutes, Aluminum alloy melt is stirred during slagging-off, and moved up and down；

1.5wt%~2wt% pure Mg is added in aluminum alloy melt；

SiCp particles are preheated：SiCp particles are wrapped up with 10g aluminium foils, 600 DEG C are heated in the crucible for being put into heating furnace, and It is incubated 30min to 60min；

First the SiCp particles after preheating are added in stirring crucible, aluminum alloy melt is then added, is heated, when temperature is heated to Start stirring at more than 680 DEG C, after insulation more than 30min, during stirring, according to the upper of the material content regulation stirring rod in crucible Lower position, stirring rod direction of rotation is changed after often stirring 3 to 10 minutes, by heating and temperature control at 680 DEG C to 700 DEG C, stirring Rod persistently stirs 40 to 60min with 875r/min；

Composite is poured into press molding in the blank mold of preheating by stirring immediately after terminating, and blank mold preheating temperature is 300~350 DEG C, the dwell time is 0.5-1min/mm, obtains aluminum-base composite semi-solid blank；

The temperature of aluminum-base composite semi-solid blank secondary remelting is set, the secondary remelting temperature is that the temperature causes aluminum-base composite Corresponding temperature when the fraction solid of semi-solid blank is 60% to 90%, semi-solid blank is added at a temperature of secondary remelting Heat 50 minutes, semi-solid alloy is poured into the T-shaped part mould cavity of accommodating semi-solid blank, and alloy is filled T-shaped part axis and hung down Straight cylinder, carries out liquid underfill at the first pressure, and punch pressure, which is less than or equal to, is pressed in left slider, the liquid on right sliding block Press piston, drift loading velocity be 15mm/s, drift loading after the completion of pressurize 20s, aluminum-base composite semi-solid blank solidification after Continue to load drift under second pressure, make the metal part solidified promote described left slider, right sliding block to be displaced outwardly, it is described Left slider, right sliding block reach setting position after, stop drift loading, by be plastically deformed complete two axis horizontals it is not isometrical The shaping of ground column part；Wherein, first pressure is less than second pressure.

2. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the T-shaped part mould includes Lower template is fixed on the backing plate in lower template, the opposed cavity plate fixed cover on the backing plate, the left cavity plate, the right side by plug screw Cavity plate is connected on the cavity plate fixed cover by left flange, right flange respectively, and the left slider is arranged on the left cavity plate, The right sliding block is arranged on the right sliding block, presses the hydraulic piston being provided with respectively on described left slider, right sliding block, described Punch-pin and left cavity plate, right female die single-side gap be 0.06 to 0.1mm；

Also include the punch retainer that cope plate is bolted on cope plate, between the punch retainer and cope plate Provided with convex mould pad.

3. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in cavity plate and cavity plate die sleeve Between be provided with gradient.

4. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pressure actuated device includes： Fuel tank, hydraulic pump, overflow valve, choke valve, reversal valve and hydraulic cylinder；After startup, by the pressure of throttle valve adjustment oil pressure, with not Oil cylinder piston movement is driven with ground speed, untill meeting the stroke after forcing press continues to press, pressure actuated device is by two Individual oil cylinder controls left and right two sliding blocks.

5. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also including being fixedly connected with dress Put, the fixed connection apparatus includes：Retainer ring and shift(ing) ring that parallel spacing is set, described retainer ring, shift(ing) ring with Two guide pillar connections, the guide pillar, which is provided with screw thread, the shift(ing) ring, is arranged with guide pin bushing, is provided with and is led in described in the guide pin bushing Guide pillar below the screw thread that screw thread coordinates on post, the guide pin bushing is provided with nut, and described shift(ing) ring is threaded by two Guide pillar and nut support are got up, and the hydraulic cylinder of the pressure actuated device is arranged on the shift(ing) ring, and the shift(ing) ring can lead to Threaded adjusting height is crossed, the center of hydraulic cylinder and the center of the left and right sliding block of T-shaped part mould is controlled in same level height.

6. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 5, it is characterised in that T-shaped part die forging system is also wrapped Include：Hydraulic press, heating furnace, temperature controller, temperature of silicon controlled rectifier instrument；Using controllable temperature instrument and open type heating furnace as heating fusing gold Category, the power of open type heating furnace is 10kw, and temperature sensor material is nickel chromium triangle-nickel silicon alloy, using 4 Resistant heating blanks Mould；Install porcelain tube additional inside and outside resistance wire, and the asbestos material of parcel fire resisting reduces blank mold and environment in heating Heat exchange；The temperature of blank mold is measured using XMT-101 temperature digital displays controller unit, the measurement range of temperature control equipment is 1-1300 degrees Celsius, error is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius；Coil voltage 380V, it is possible to achieve overvoltage and overcurrent protection；It is described Hydraulic press is 2000KN liquid-state die forging hydraulic press.

7. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that use machine oil graphite lubrication Agent is lubricated to the T-shaped part mould, and the graphite powder for being 5% by mass fraction is added to the machine oil that mass fraction is 95% In, with spray gun spraying in blank mold mold cavity surface after uniform stirring, its thickness is 0.05-0.1mm.

8. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first pressure is 22MPa、34MPa、46MPa；The T-shaped material into component is 5CrNiMo.

9. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that carried out to SiCp particles pre- Processing is specifically included：

Pickling：Pickling is carried out with 10% HF solution immersion SiCp particles 24h；

Cleaning：SiCp suspensions after pickling 24h are cleaned multiple times with a large amount of distilled water, first water are changed within every 1~2 hour, Until solution reaches neutrality；

Drying：The clear water of SiCp liquid surfaces is removed, 24h~28h is dried under conditions of 140 DEG C~160 DEG C in drying baker；

Grinding：There is caking phenomenon in SiCp after drying, is ground with mortar, becomes powdered, sealing after grinding Preserve；

Sintering：The SiCp handled by said process needs to sinter 2~3 hours under 800 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of high temperature.

10. T-piece semisolid die forging forming technology according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described sintering process tool Body is：Crucible is put into heating furnace and is preheating to 100 DEG C~150 DEG C with stove, SiCp particles are put into crucible and arrived with stove heat 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, insulation 30min or so, and be stirred continuously；It is heated to 800 DEG C to be sintered, is needed in sintering process constantly Stirring；Cool to room temperature with the furnace.