CN109112444B - A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method - Google Patents
A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109112444B CN109112444B CN201811285526.3A CN201811285526A CN109112444B CN 109112444 B CN109112444 B CN 109112444B CN 201811285526 A CN201811285526 A CN 201811285526A CN 109112444 B CN109112444 B CN 109112444B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ingot casting
- mold
- whisker
- silicon carbide
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging methods, belong to technical field of material formation.Ingot casting plasticity is poor, be easy to produce crackle, whisker is seriously broken and nonuniform organization when to solve the forging of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, the problems such as forging stock organizational coarseness, whisker are unevenly distributed and elongation percentage is lower, material mechanical performance degradation, method provided by the invention coats aluminum matrix composite surface, the multiway forging that the big accumulation strain of crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material is realized using modes such as lubricant, addition aluminium pads, obtains the forging stock that surface quality is good, whisker is evenly distributed, mechanical property improves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material formation, and in particular to a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal
Multiway forging method.
Background technique
Silicon carbide (SiC) crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material not only has high specific strength, the excellent mechanics such as specific stiffness
Performance, while the characteristics of there are also good thermal conductivity, low bulk and good stability of the dimension, it has also become military and national defense, aerospace
Etc. the important lightweight structure material of high-tech sectors.Furthermore also have extensively in the national economy such as traffic, electronics and energy field
Application prospect.
Crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material is generally prepared using squeeze casting method, and the ingot casting of preparation is then passed through hot extrusion
The thermoforming process such as pressure, rolling, forging are processed into crude green body, and final machining forms component.Wherein forging is aluminium alloy and aluminium
Important one of the hot-working method of based composites.But at present only on a small quantity about the forging work of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material
Skill patent (ZL200910241853, ZL201510932548,201611113534), these patents are mainly under non-isothermal condition
Forging, simultaneously because particle such as is at the shaft-like (length diameter ratio close to 1), in particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material forging process
In often do not have to consider particle fracture.For particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, whisker length is big (several with diameter ratio
Ten-is several hundred), Researches On Whiskers are bigger to the deformation drag of aluminum substrate, and forging process is easy in the cracked defect in surface；In addition
Need to consider the problems of that whisker occurs fracture and causes the reduction of material reinforcement effect in forging process.Therefore current forging work is used
Skill, ingot casting plasticity is poor, be easy to produce crackle, whisker is tight when can not solve the forging of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Fracture and nonuniform organization again, forging stock organizational coarseness, whisker are unevenly distributed and elongation percentage is lower, material mechanical performance is serious
Decline.
Summary of the invention
Ingot casting plasticity is poor, is easy to produce crackle, whisker when to solve the forging of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Serious fracture and nonuniform organization, forging stock organizational coarseness, whisker are unevenly distributed and elongation percentage is lower, material mechanical performance is tight
The problems such as declining again, the present invention provides a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging methods, by aluminium
Based composites surface cladding realizes that the big accumulation of crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material is answered using modes such as lubricant, addition aluminium pads
The multiway forging of change obtains the forging stock that surface quality is good, whisker is evenly distributed, mechanical property improves.Specific technical solution
The following steps are included:
1) it prepares silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section: prefabricated crystal whisker block is manufactured using silicon carbide whisker；
2) coat aluminium alloy: prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold, and cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid fills prefabricated section and mold
Between gap；
3) it prepares composite material ingot casting: continuing the cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid into mold, pressurize, cool down under pressure condition
Gained composite material ingot casting is taken out in solidification；
4) composite material ingot casting is machined: the aluminium alloy layer of gained composite material ingot casting upper surface being turned, is exposed
Composite material, and the aluminium alloy layer thickness turning that ingot casting outer diameter is wrapped up is to the 5%-15% of prefabricated section diameter；On final cylinder
Chamfering R2 at the side of lower end surface；
5) jumping-up under high temperature: by composite material ingot casting preheating obtained by step 4), aluminium alloy cushion after upper and lower cushioning preheating,
Jumping-up between the anvil up and down of press machine after being put into upper and lower anvil preheating；The jumping-up, first along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio
It is 20%~35%, strain rate is 0.03~0.08/s, then successively along the mutually perpendicular radial progress side of any two
To jumping-up, reduction ratio is 10%~20%, and strain rate is 0.02~0.04/s；
6) jumping-up after cooling down: anvil and lower anvil temperature reduce by 10 DEG C on press machine, again jumping-up；The jumping-up again, first
Along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio is 15%~35%, and strain rate is 0.03~0.08/s, then successively along any two
A mutually perpendicular radial lateral jumping-up of progress, reduction ratio is 20%~30%, and strain rate is 0.02~0.04/s；
7) it repeats step 6) 3-12 times, when deflection reaches the cumulative deformation of requirement, stops forging, obtain whisker and increase
Strong aluminum matrix composite forging stock.
The preparation method of the prefabricated crystal whisker block specifically:
(1) it is stirred first with distilled water immersion whisker.Then it utilizes supersonic oscillations 4-6 hours, every 100g whisker is wanted
The ultrasonic power output asked is 150W-250W.The water on whisker top is outwelled after precipitating.
(2) water-soluble organosol is added into whisker.The composition of the water solubility organosol are as follows: water: polyvinyl alcohol: third
Triol: silica solution=(80-120) mL: (3-6) g: (3-6) mL: (3-6) mL.Adding glue amount is that every 1g whisker adding water soluble is organic molten
Glue 0.5-1.5mL.
(3) after adding water-soluble organosol, then supersonic oscillations being carried out, the output power of ultrasonic wave is 150W-250W,
Duration of oscillation is 4-6 hours.
(4) the whisker slurry containing water-soluble organosol is poured into and is filtered in the mold that strainer is arranged at bottom.
(5) it is required according to the volume fraction of prefabricated section, in mold upper end, inner hole is put into seaming chuck, applies pressure and reaches calculating
Prefabricated section height, move back mould and obtain wet prefabricated crystal whisker block.
(6) wet prefabricated crystal whisker block is dried, temperature when drying is 120 DEG C, and drying time is 6-8 hours.
(7) prefabricated crystal whisker block is carried out high-temperature process 50-70 minutes at 700-900 DEG C.
The volume fraction of silicon carbide whisker is 15-30%, the shape of prefabricated crystal whisker block in the step 1) prefabricated crystal whisker block
It is (0.7-1.5) for cylindrical body, highly with diameter ratio: 1.
Step 2) specifically: by heat-resisting steel mold lower end inner hole using after graphite grazing, prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold
Center, after being heated to 400-450 DEG C by mold and keep the temperature 60-90min, by 700-780 DEG C of 6xxx series alloys melt
Body or 2xxx series alloys fusing fluid are cast in the gap between prefabricated crystal whisker block and mold, final aluminum alloy melting liquid
Body fluid face is concordant with prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface.
Mold cavity be it is cylindric, the internal diameter of mold cavity is at least bigger than prefabricated crystal whisker block diameter by 20%.
Step 3) specifically: step 3) specifically: a period of time is kept the temperature after the mold in step 2) is continued heating, it will be high
The aluminum alloy melting liquid of temperature is cast in mold, and aluminum alloy melting liquid level, aluminium are formed above prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface
Alloy melting liquid layer thickness is 1.3 times or more of prefabricated section height, places graphite grazing above aluminum alloy melting liquid level
Pad sealing, applies pressure and promotes aluminum alloy melting liquid infiltration in the gap into prefabricated section, and pressure 3-5MPa keeps pressure
Until infiltration terminates (seaming chuck no longer moves)；It is 100-120MPa, Temperature fall solidification, mold that pressure is adjusted after infiltration
Temperature exits gained ingot casting after being reduced to 200 DEG C or less from mold.
Step 5) the composite material ingot casting preheating, preheating temperature are 480-550 DEG C, and heating rate is 5-10 DEG C/min,
It is step 4) gained composite material ingot casting unit when being mm that reach soaking time after preheating temperature, which be ((1.2-1.5) × D) min, D,
Ingot diameters numerical value.
The aluminium alloy cushion is identical as the aluminium alloy that step 2) uses, aluminium alloy cushion be it is cylindric, diameter with it is compound
Material ingot diameters are identical, with a thickness of the 7%~15% of composite material ingot casting height.The preheating step and parameter of aluminium alloy cushion
It is identical as the preheating of composite material ingot casting.
It is described up and down anvil preheating, specifically: by the upper anvil of press machine and lower anvil surface coated graphite lubricant and
470-540 DEG C of preheating, preheating temperature is 10 DEG C low compared with composite material ingot casting, preheating time 1-3h.
Beneficial effect
For silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites ingot casting plasticity, poor, organizational coarseness, whisker are distributed not the present invention
The problems such as uniformly and elongation percentage is lower is proposed by the way that in crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material, circumferentially cladding aluminium alloy, blank are pre-
Heat, adds lubricant, and multi-pass small strain isothermal multiway forging prepares surface flawless, whisker is evenly distributed, mechanical property
The crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock of raising.The crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock surface of preparation does not have crackle production
Life, whisker dispersing uniformity improve, and non-densified regions disappear in composite material before forging, and silicon carbide whisker enhances aluminium base after forging
The intensity and elongation percentage of composite material all significantly improve, hence it is evident that improve tissue and improve mechanical property.
Detailed description of the invention
Silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites ingot casting photo before 1 jumping-up of Fig. 1 embodiment, center is composite material,
Surrounding is aluminium alloy jacket；
Silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites forging stock after isothermal three-dimensional forging prepared by Fig. 2 embodiment 1；
Silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites forging stock after isothermal multiway forging prepared by Fig. 3 embodiment 2；
The microscopic structure of 1 silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal three-dimensional of Fig. 4 embodiment forging front and back: it (a) forges
Before making, after (b) forging；
The tensile stress-strain of 1 silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal three-dimensional of Fig. 5 embodiment forging front and back is bent
Line.
Specific embodiment
Preparation example 1
Make silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section.Distilled water immersion whisker is used first, then carries out supersonic oscillations dispersion, side
Method is to open supersonic generator, every 100g whisker after being contained in the mixture of water and whisker and being put into ultrasonic cleaning tank in beaker
Required ultrasonic power output is 200W, and duration of oscillation is 5 hours.Adding glue amount is every 1g whisker 1mL, the composition of glue are as follows:
Water: polyvinyl alcohol: glycerine: silica solution=100mL:4.5g:4.5mL:4.5mL.Supersonic oscillations (condition is carried out again after adding glue
Ditto).Whisker slurry containing water-soluble organosol is poured into and is filtered in the mold that strainer is arranged at bottom, after filtering
Mold upper end inner hole is put into seaming chuck, applies the prefabricated section height that pressure reaches calculating, moves back mould and obtain wet prefabricated crystal whisker block, prefabricated
Block height and diameter ratio are 1:1.Dry 7 hours at 120 DEG C, finally high-temperature process 60 minutes at 800 DEG C, obtained crystalline substance
Palpus prefabricated section meets the requirement of extrusion casint, the volume fraction 20% of whisker in prefabricated section.
Preparation example 2
Make silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section.Distilled water immersion whisker is used first, then carries out supersonic oscillations dispersion, side
Method is to open supersonic generator, every 100g whisker after being contained in the mixture of water and whisker and being put into ultrasonic cleaning tank in beaker
Required ultrasonic power output is 250W, and duration of oscillation is 4 hours.Adding glue amount is every 1g whisker 1.5mL, the composition of glue
Are as follows: water: polyvinyl alcohol: glycerine: silica solution=80mL:3g:3mL:3mL.Add and carries out supersonic oscillations again after glue (condition is same
Before).Whisker slurry containing water-soluble organosol is poured into and is filtered in the mold that strainer is arranged at bottom, in mould after filtering
Tool upper end inner hole is put into seaming chuck, applies the prefabricated section height that pressure reaches calculating, moves back mould and obtain wet prefabricated crystal whisker block, prefabricated section
Height is 1.5:1 with diameter ratio.Dry 6 hours at 120 DEG C, finally high-temperature process 50 minutes at 700 DEG C, obtained crystalline substance
Palpus prefabricated section meets the requirement of extrusion casint, the volume fraction 15% of whisker in prefabricated section.
Preparation example 3
Make silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section.Distilled water immersion whisker is used first, then carries out supersonic oscillations dispersion, side
Method is to open supersonic generator, every 100g whisker after being contained in the mixture of water and whisker and being put into ultrasonic cleaning tank in beaker
Required ultrasonic power output is 150W, and duration of oscillation is 6 hours.Adding glue amount is every 1g whisker 0.5mL, the composition of glue
Are as follows: water: polyvinyl alcohol: glycerine: silica solution=80mL:6g:6mL:6mL.Add and carries out supersonic oscillations again after glue (condition is same
Before).Whisker slurry containing water-soluble organosol is poured into and is filtered in the mold that strainer is arranged at bottom, in mould after filtering
Tool upper end inner hole is put into seaming chuck, applies the prefabricated section height that pressure reaches calculating, moves back mould and obtain wet prefabricated crystal whisker block, prefabricated section
Height is 0.7:1 with diameter ratio.Dry 8 hours at 120 DEG C, finally high-temperature process 70 minutes at 900 DEG C, obtained crystalline substance
Palpus prefabricated section meets the requirement of extrusion casint, the volume fraction 30% of whisker in prefabricated section.
Embodiment 1
1) the silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section for taking preparation example 1 to prepare；
2) coat aluminium alloy: prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold, and cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid fills prefabricated section and mold
Between gap；
3) it prepares composite material ingot casting: continuing the cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid into mold, pressurize, cool down under pressure condition
Gained composite material ingot casting is taken out in solidification；
4) composite material ingot casting is machined: the aluminium alloy layer of gained composite material ingot casting upper surface being turned, is exposed
Composite material, and the aluminium alloy layer thickness turning that ingot casting outer diameter is wrapped up is to the 10% of prefabricated section diameter；Final cylinder upper and lower side
Chamfering R2 at the side in face；
5) jumping-up under high temperature: by composite material ingot casting preheating obtained by step 4), aluminium alloy cushion after upper and lower cushioning preheating,
Jumping-up between the anvil up and down of press machine after being put into upper and lower anvil preheating；The jumping-up, first along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio
It is 25%, strain rate 0.05/s, then successively along the mutually perpendicular radial lateral jumping-up of progress of any two, reduction ratio
It is 15%, strain rate 0.03/s；
6) jumping-up after cooling down: anvil and lower anvil temperature reduce by 10 DEG C on press machine, again jumping-up；The jumping-up again, first
Along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio 25%, strain rate 0.05/s is then successively mutually perpendicular along any two
It is radial to carry out lateral jumping-up, reduction ratio 15%, strain rate 0.03/s；
7) stop forging after repeating step 6) 6 times, obtain crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock.
Step 2) specifically: by heat-resisting steel mold lower end inner hole using after graphite grazing, prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold
After being heated to 420 DEG C by mold and keep the temperature 75min, it is prefabricated to be cast to whisker by center for 740 DEG C of 6061 aluminum alloy melting liquid
In gap between block and mold, final aluminum alloy melting liquid levels are concordant with prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface.
Mold cavity be it is cylindric, the internal diameter of mold cavity is bigger than prefabricated crystal whisker block diameter by 20%.
Step 3) specifically: continue the mold in step 2) after being heated to 565 DEG C of heat preservation 105min, by 780 DEG C and step
The identical aluminum alloy melting liquid of rapid 2) type is cast in mold, forms aluminum alloy melting above prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface
Liquid level, aluminum alloy melting liquid layer thickness are 1.3 times of prefabricated section height, place graphite above aluminum alloy melting liquid level
Gasket sealing, applies pressure and promotes aluminum alloy melting liquid infiltration in the gap into prefabricated section, and pressure 4MPa keeps pressure
Power terminates (seaming chuck no longer moves) until infiltration；It is 110MPa, Temperature fall solidification, mold temperature that pressure is adjusted after infiltration
Degree exits gained ingot casting after being reduced to 160 DEG C from mold.
Step 4) the composite material ingot casting machining, ingot diameters 180mm (composite portions diameter after processing
150mm, surrounding aluminium wrap portion thickness 15mm), height 150mm.
Step 5) the composite material ingot casting preheating, preheating temperature are 510 DEG C, and heating rate is 8 DEG C/min, reach preheating
Soaking time is 216min (ingot diameters 180mm) after temperature.
The aluminium alloy cushion is identical as the aluminium alloy that step 2) uses, and aluminium alloy cushion is cylindric, diameter 180mm,
Thickness 15mm.The preheating step and parameter of aluminium alloy cushion are identical as the preheating of composite material ingot casting.
The anvil preheating up and down, specifically: by the upper anvil of press machine and lower anvil surface coated graphite lubricant and 500
DEG C preheating, preheating temperature is 10 DEG C low compared with composite material ingot casting, preheating time 2h.
Fig. 1 is SiC crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material ingot casting before the present embodiment jumping-up.Thickness has circumferentially been coated in ingot casting
The aluminium alloy of 15mm.Fig. 2 is that the SiC crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock macroscopic view after the forging of the present embodiment isothermal three-dimensional is shone
Piece, SiC crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock surface does not have crackle generation as can be seen from Figure 2.Fig. 4 is SiC whisker reinforcement
The microscopic structure of aluminum matrix composite isothermal three-dimensional forging front and back.After three-dimensional multi-pass isothermal forging, whisker is uniformly dispersed
Property improve, non-densified regions disappear in composite material before forging.Fig. 5 is the mechanical property comparison of forging front and back, it can be seen that forging
The intensity of SiC crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material and elongation percentage all significantly improve afterwards, illustrate that the forging of isothermal three-dimensional significantly improves
The mechanical property of composite material.
Embodiment 2
1) the silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section for taking preparation example 2 to prepare；
2) coat aluminium alloy: prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold, and cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid fills prefabricated section and mold
Between gap；
3) it prepares composite material ingot casting: continuing the cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid into mold, pressurize, cool down under pressure condition
Gained composite material ingot casting is taken out in solidification；
4) composite material ingot casting is machined: the aluminium alloy layer of gained composite material ingot casting upper surface being turned, is exposed
Composite material, and the aluminium alloy layer thickness turning that ingot casting outer diameter is wrapped up is to the 7% of prefabricated section diameter；Final cylinder upper and lower end face
Side at chamfering R2；
5) jumping-up under high temperature: by composite material ingot casting preheating obtained by step 4), aluminium alloy cushion after upper and lower cushioning preheating,
Jumping-up between the anvil up and down of press machine after being put into upper and lower anvil preheating；The jumping-up, first along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio
It is 35%, strain rate 0.08/s, then successively along the mutually perpendicular radial lateral jumping-up of progress of any two, reduction ratio
It is 20%, strain rate 0.04/s；Jumping-up is carried out finally along radial orthogonal seamed edge, reduction ratio 20% is answered
Variable Rate is 0.04/s；
6) jumping-up after cooling down: anvil and lower anvil temperature reduce by 10 DEG C on press machine, again jumping-up；The jumping-up again, first
Along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio 35%, strain rate 0.08/s is then successively mutually perpendicular along any two
It is radial to carry out lateral jumping-up, reduction ratio 20%, strain rate 0.04/s；
7) stop forging after repeating step 6) 3 times, obtain crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock.
Step 2) specifically: by heat-resisting steel mold lower end inner hole using after graphite grazing, prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold
After being heated to 450 DEG C by mold and keep the temperature 90min, it is prefabricated to be cast to whisker by center for 780 DEG C of 6061 aluminum alloy melting liquid
In gap between block and mold, final aluminum alloy melting liquid levels are concordant with prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface.
Mold cavity be it is cylindric, the internal diameter of mold cavity is bigger than prefabricated crystal whisker block diameter by 30%.
Step 3) specifically: continue the mold in step 2) after being heated to 580 DEG C of heat preservation 120min, by 780 DEG C and step
The identical aluminum alloy melting liquid of rapid 2) type is cast in mold, forms aluminum alloy melting above prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface
Liquid level, aluminum alloy melting liquid layer thickness are 1.3 times of prefabricated section height, place graphite above aluminum alloy melting liquid level
Gasket sealing, applies pressure and promotes aluminum alloy melting liquid infiltration in the gap into prefabricated section, and pressure 5MPa keeps pressure
Power terminates (seaming chuck no longer moves) until infiltration；It is 120MPa, Temperature fall solidification, mold temperature that pressure is adjusted after infiltration
Degree exits gained ingot casting after being reduced to 150 DEG C from mold.
Step 4) the composite material ingot casting machining, ingot diameters 321mm (composite portions diameter after processing
300mm, surrounding aluminium wrap portion thickness 21mm), height 450mm.
Step 5) the composite material ingot casting preheating, preheating temperature are 550 DEG C, and heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, reach preheating
408min (ingot diameters 340mm) is kept the temperature after temperature.
The aluminium alloy cushion is identical as the aluminium alloy that step 2) uses, and aluminium alloy cushion is cylindric, diameter 321mm,
Thickness 31.5mm.The preheating step and parameter of aluminium alloy cushion are identical as the preheating of composite material ingot casting.
The anvil preheating up and down, specifically: by the upper anvil of press machine and lower anvil surface coated graphite lubricant and 540
DEG C preheating, preheating temperature is 10 DEG C low compared with composite material ingot casting, preheating time 3h.
Fig. 3 is the SiC crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock photomacrograph after the forging of the present embodiment isothermal six-way, from figure
3 it can be seen that forging stock surface does not have crackle generation.
Embodiment 3
1) the silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section for taking preparation example 3 to prepare；
2) coat aluminium alloy: prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold, and cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid fills prefabricated section and mold
Between gap；
3) it prepares composite material ingot casting: continuing the cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid into mold, pressurize, cool down under pressure condition
Gained composite material ingot casting is taken out in solidification；
4) composite material ingot casting is machined: the aluminium alloy layer of gained composite material ingot casting upper surface being turned, is exposed
Composite material, and the aluminium alloy layer thickness turning that ingot casting outer diameter is wrapped up is to the 15% of prefabricated section diameter；Final cylinder upper and lower side
Chamfering R2 at the side in face；
5) jumping-up under high temperature: by composite material ingot casting preheating obtained by step 4), aluminium alloy cushion after upper and lower cushioning preheating,
Jumping-up between the anvil up and down of press machine after being put into upper and lower anvil preheating；The jumping-up, first along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio
It is 20%, strain rate 0.03/s, then successively along the mutually perpendicular radial lateral jumping-up of progress of any two, reduction ratio
It is 10%, strain rate 0.02/s；
6) jumping-up after cooling down: anvil and lower anvil temperature reduce by 10 DEG C on press machine, again jumping-up；The jumping-up again, first
Along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio 20%, strain rate 0.03/s is then successively mutually perpendicular along any two
It is radial to carry out lateral jumping-up, reduction ratio 10%, strain rate 0.02/s；
7) stop forging after repeating step 6) 12 times, obtain crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material forging stock.
Step 2) specifically: by heat-resisting steel mold lower end inner hole using after graphite grazing, prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold
After being heated to 400 DEG C by mold and keep the temperature 60min, it is prefabricated to be cast to whisker by center for 700 DEG C of 2024 aluminum alloy melting liquid
In gap between block and mold, final aluminum alloy melting liquid levels are concordant with prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface.
Mold cavity be it is cylindric, the internal diameter of mold cavity is bigger than prefabricated crystal whisker block diameter by 20%.
Step 3) specifically: continue the mold in step 2) after being heated to 550 DEG C of heat preservation 90min, by 750 DEG C and step
The identical aluminum alloy melting liquid of rapid 2) type is cast in mold, forms aluminum alloy melting above prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface
Liquid level, aluminum alloy melting liquid layer thickness are 1.3 times of prefabricated section height, place graphite above aluminum alloy melting liquid level
Gasket sealing, applies pressure and promotes aluminum alloy melting liquid infiltration in the gap into prefabricated section, and pressure 3MPa keeps pressure
Power terminates (seaming chuck no longer moves) until infiltration；It is 100MPa, Temperature fall solidification, mold temperature that pressure is adjusted after infiltration
Degree exits gained ingot casting after being reduced to 150 DEG C from mold.
Step 4) the composite material ingot casting machining, ingot diameters 92mm (composite portions diameter after processing
80mm, surrounding aluminium wrap portion thickness 12mm), height 100mm.
Step 5) the composite material ingot casting preheating, preheating temperature are 480 DEG C, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, are reached pre-
110min (ingot diameters 92mm) is kept the temperature after hot temperature.
The aluminium alloy cushion is identical as the aluminium alloy that step 2) uses, and aluminium alloy cushion is cylindric, diameter 92mm, thick
Degree is 15mm.The preheating step and parameter of aluminium alloy cushion are identical as the preheating of composite material ingot casting.
The anvil preheating up and down, specifically: by the upper anvil of press machine and lower anvil surface coated graphite lubricant and 470
DEG C preheating, preheating temperature is 10 DEG C low compared with composite material ingot casting, preheating time 2h.
2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock surface of SiC whisker reinforcement manufactured in the present embodiment does not have crackle generation.By three
To after multi-pass isothermal forging, whisker is evenly distributed, and non-densified regions disappear in composite material before forging.Forge the mechanical property of front and back
It can compare, the intensity of SiC crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material and elongation percentage all significantly improve after forging.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) it prepares silicon carbide whisker prefabricated section: prefabricated crystal whisker block is manufactured using silicon carbide whisker；
2) coat aluminium alloy: prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold, and cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid is filled between prefabricated section and mold
Gap；
3) it prepares composite material ingot casting: continuing the cast aluminum alloys fusing fluid into mold, pressurize, cool down under pressure condition solidifying
Gu gained composite material ingot casting is taken out；
4) composite material ingot casting is machined: the aluminium alloy layer of gained composite material ingot casting upper surface being turned, is exposed compound
Material, and the aluminium alloy layer thickness turning that ingot casting outer diameter is wrapped up is to the 5%-15% of prefabricated section diameter；Final cylinder upper and lower end face
Side at chamfering R2；
5) jumping-up under high temperature: by composite material ingot casting preheating obtained by step 4), aluminium alloy cushion after upper and lower cushioning preheating is put
Jumping-up between the anvil up and down of press machine after entering upper and lower anvil preheating；The jumping-up, first along ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio is
20% ~ 35%, strain rate is 0.03 ~ 0.08/s, then successively carries out lateral jumping-up along the mutually perpendicular radial direction of any two,
Reduction ratio is 10% ~ 20%, and strain rate is 0.02 ~ 0.04/s；
6) jumping-up after cooling down: anvil and lower anvil temperature reduce by 10 DEG C on press machine, again jumping-up；The jumping-up again, first along
Ingot casting axial direction jumping-up, reduction ratio are 15% ~ 35%, and strain rate is 0.03 ~ 0.08/s, is then successively hung down mutually along any two
Straight radial direction carries out lateral jumping-up, and reduction ratio is 20% ~ 30%, and strain rate is 0.02 ~ 0.04/s；
7) it repeats step 6) 3-12 times, when deflection reaches the cumulative deformation of requirement, stops forging, obtain whisker reinforcement
Aluminum matrix composite forging stock.
2. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the volume fraction of silicon carbide whisker is 15-30% in the step 1) prefabricated crystal whisker block, and the shape of prefabricated crystal whisker block is cylinder
Body, highly with diameter ratio be (0.7-1.5): 1.
3. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 1, feature exist
In: step 2) specifically: by heat-resisting steel mold lower end inner hole using after graphite grazing, prefabricated crystal whisker block is put into mold center,
After mold is heated and keeps the temperature a period of time, 700-780 DEG C of 6xxx series alloys fusing fluid or 2xxx series aluminum are closed
Golden fusing fluid is cast in the gap between prefabricated crystal whisker block and mold, and final aluminum alloy melting liquid levels and whisker are prefabricated
Block upper surface is concordant；Mold cavity be it is cylindric, the internal diameter of mold cavity is at least bigger than prefabricated crystal whisker block diameter by 20%.
4. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 3, feature exist
In: the step 2) mold is heated to 400-450 DEG C and keeps the temperature 60-90min.
5. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 1, feature exist
In: step 3) specifically: a period of time is kept the temperature after the mold in step 2) is continued heating, by the aluminum alloy melting liquid of high temperature
It is cast in mold, forms aluminum alloy melting liquid level, aluminum alloy melting liquid layer thickness above prefabricated crystal whisker block upper surface
It is 1.3 times or more of prefabricated section height, graphite grazing pad sealing is placed above aluminum alloy melting liquid level, applies pressure and promote
Aluminum alloy melting liquid infiltration is in the gap into prefabricated section, pressure 3-5MPa, keep pressure until infiltration terminate, i.e., on
Pressure head no longer moves；It is 100-120MPa that pressure is adjusted after infiltration, and Temperature fall solidifies, and mold temperature is reduced to 200 DEG C
Gained ingot casting is exited from mold afterwards below.
6. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 5, feature exist
In: the mold continues to heat, and is heated to 550-580 DEG C, keeps the temperature 90-120min.
7. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 5, feature exist
In: the aluminum alloy melting liquid of the high temperature, temperature are 750-780 DEG C, and the ingredient and step 2) of aluminum alloy melting liquid use
Aluminum alloy melting liquid it is identical.
8. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 1, feature exist
In: step 5) the composite material ingot casting preheating, preheating temperature are 480-550 DEG C, and heating rate is 5-10 DEG C/min, are reached pre-
It is ingot casting of step 4) gained composite material ingot casting unit when being mm that soaking time, which is ((1.2-1.5) × D) min, D, after hot temperature
Diameters.
9. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 5, feature exist
In: the aluminium alloy cushion is identical as the aluminium alloy that step 2) uses, and aluminium alloy cushion is cylindric, diameter and composite material casting
Ingot diameter is identical, with a thickness of the 7% ~ 15% of composite material ingot casting height；The preheating step and parameter and composite wood of aluminium alloy cushion
Expect that the preheating of ingot casting is identical.
10. silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method according to claim 5, feature exist
In: the anvil preheating up and down, specifically: by the upper anvil of press machine and lower anvil surface coated graphite lubricant and in 470-540
DEG C preheating, preheating temperature is 10 DEG C low compared with composite material ingot casting, preheating time 1-3h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811285526.3A CN109112444B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811285526.3A CN109112444B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109112444A CN109112444A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
| CN109112444B true CN109112444B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
Family
ID=64855834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811285526.3A Active CN109112444B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109112444B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110076337A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-02 | 齐齐哈尔翔科新材料有限公司 | A kind of multidirectional twin-stage restrained deformation device of aluminum matrix composite and its application method |
| CN110548829B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-11-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Forging method for controlling directional arrangement of aluminum matrix composite whiskers |
| CN110508735B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Increment constraint multidirectional forging method for silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN110434264B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-11-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Restraining multidirectional die forging method for whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101463431A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-06-24 | 河南理工大学 | Technique and apparatus for preparing particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material by reciprocating type extrusion |
| CN101698913B (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2011-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing low-melting-point alloy-coated ceramic-phase reinforced body/aluminum-matrix composite materials |
| CN101876040B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing carbon nanotube and aluminum borate whisker hybrid reinforced aluminum-matrix composite material |
| CN104745975A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 青岛玉光精铸厂 | Pressure casting method of whisker and nano-particle mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN106086726B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2017-08-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | SiC nanowire reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-10-31 CN CN201811285526.3A patent/CN109112444B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109112444A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109112444B (en) | A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites isothermal multiway forging method | |
| CN104235237B (en) | Brake disc made of carborundum foamed ceramics/aluminum alloy composite materials and production method of road vehicle brake disc | |
| CN100453206C (en) | Process of making oil cylinder body and cover with aluminium alloy | |
| CN101598585B (en) | Preparation method of aluminum-alloy gas meter end cover | |
| CN103194630A (en) | Preparation method of SiCp/Al composite material with high volume fraction | |
| CN103846409B (en) | A kind of preparation method of the fibre reinforced composites piston peculiar to vessel with cooling oil chamber | |
| CN102689161B (en) | Liquid die-forging and rolling combined forming method for 7075 aluminum alloy irregular-section large-size annular piece | |
| CN106378456A (en) | Rapid densifying method for powder high-temperature alloy component | |
| CN105200276A (en) | Method for manufacturing pseudo-alloy reinforced composite material piston with internal cooling oil cavity | |
| CN114231825B (en) | High-carbon high-alloy steel product and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107937764A (en) | A kind of high tough aluminium alloy of liquid forging and its liquid forging method | |
| CN110625081B (en) | Semi-solid die-casting forming method for storage battery bracket | |
| CN104475697B (en) | Chopped fiber/SiCpstrengthen the semisolid preparation technology of foamed aluminium radical bearing shell | |
| Zyska et al. | Optimization of squeeze parameters and modification of AlSi7Mg alloy | |
| CN114292126A (en) | Preparation method of porous ceramic locally-reinforced composite material automobile brake pad | |
| CN103879085B (en) | Fine aluminium coated Si/C particle reinforced magnesium base compound material, prepare and apply | |
| CN109822074A (en) | A kind of aluminium alloy wheel hub hot chamber extrusion casting technique | |
| Soundararajan et al. | Effect of squeeze casting process parameters on surface roughness of A413 alloy and A413-B4C composites | |
| CN100453261C (en) | Compound plastic forming method of casting aluminum alloy parts | |
| CN106756686B (en) | Hot extrusion-rolloff-method for annealing of titanium alloy chip circular treatment | |
| JP7197945B1 (en) | Metal-coated metal-matrix composite material and method for producing metal-coated metal-matrix composite material | |
| CN115026306B (en) | Heterogeneous aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106378433A (en) | Method for producing aluminum alloy air bag supporting arm through horizontal extrusion casting machine | |
| CN100444990C (en) | Method for repairing parts by using metal liquid to fill in interspaces in parts and application | |
| CN102689163B (en) | Liquid die forging rolling compound forming method for large ring member with different cross sections |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |