CN202655594U - In-cavity semi-solid forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

A semi-solid processing and forming device in a mold cavity, which is divided into two types of precise forming systems with pressure chambers and without pressure chambers. The system mainly includes a sealing cover, a sprue cup, a connector, a vacuum pump, a vibrator, a mold with a pressure chamber (or without a pressure chamber), and an inert gas pump. The metal mold with a pressure chamber (or without a pressure chamber) is put into the sealed cover, the upper cover of the sealed cover is equipped with a connector, and a layer of sand pad is laid on the base of the sealed cover, with a pressure chamber (or without a pressure chamber) ) on the sand pad. After the sealing cover is evacuated and pouring is completed, close the connecting device and open the inert gas pump at the same time, quickly input the inert gas and pressurize the molten metal, and at the same time the vibrator vibrates to realize semi-solid processing and precise forming of the molten metal. The utility model has precise forming structure, fine crystal grains, excellent mechanical properties and wide application range, and is applicable to the production of cast iron, cast steel and various non-ferrous metal castings.

Description

A semi-solid processing and forming device in a cavity

Technical field The present invention belongs to the liquid processing and forming technology of metal materials, especially the high-performance semi-solid precise forming technology of various metal materials.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION With the development of modern science and technology, higher and higher requirements are placed on the performance of various high-performance special-shaped components, such as engine crankshafts, aircraft worm gear discs, and rolls. Semi-solid processing technology can refine the grains of metal materials and obtain fine, near-spherical, non-dendritic structures, thereby greatly improving the mechanical properties of the workpiece. Modern precision forming technology can make the surface of the workpiece smooth and precise, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost. The invention is of great significance for promoting the compounding and application of multiple advanced technologies, especially improving the performance of various high-performance special-shaped components and reducing processing costs.

1. Semi-solid processing technology

The semi-solid processing technology of metal materials is a key technology in the precise forming technology of various high-performance components, which directly affects the performance quality of various high-performance special-shaped components, "New Technology for Preparation and Processing of Semi-solid Metal Paste" ( Jiang Yunxi, Xie Shuisheng, Li Xinggang, "Forging Technology" 2003, 28.6), disclosed the current development of semi-solid processing technology at home and abroad. The main methods are:

(1) New MIT process The "new MIT process" method was proposed by Flemings of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2000, and Idraprince Co., Ltd. obtained the patent for this technology. The principle is that at the liquidus temperature of the alloy solution, due to the joint action of stirring and cooling, the supercooled nucleation of the alloy grains in the solution volume is caused, and then the alloy solution is rapidly cooled to obtain a more ideal semi-solid slurry , and then injected into the cavity to form.

(2) Cooling chute method The principle of the cooling chute method is: pour the molten metal slightly higher than the liquidus temperature on the cooling chute, due to the cooling effect of the chute, there are fine grains on the chute wall Nucleation and growth, the impact of the metal fluid and the self-weight of the material cause the crystal grains to fall off the wall of the chute and turn over to achieve the stirring effect. The metal slurry that passes through the cooling chute falls into the container, and the temperature of the container is controlled, that is, it is cooled slowly. After cooling to a certain semi-solid temperature, it is kept warm to reach the required solid phase volume fraction, and then rheological deformation and thixotropic deformation can be performed. .

(3) Double-helix semi-solid metal rheological injection molding method The working principle of this method is that molten metal is melted in a crucible to a predetermined temperature about 50°C higher than the liquidus temperature, and the molten metal is kept warm for 15 minutes to obtain Uniform chemical composition. When the molten metal is magnesium alloy, the crucible is protected by argon gas. The molten metal enters the twin-screw shearing device at a certain speed, adjusts its temperature, and is sheared by the twin-screw at the same time to obtain an ideal semi-solid slurry with a certain percentage of solid phase.

(4) Shearing-cooling-rolling method The working principle of this method is: the molten metal heated to a certain temperature is injected into the guide groove above the roll gap through the nozzle, and a certain gap is left between the roll and the shoe seat. At the same time, the surface of the roll has a certain roughness, and the inside of the roll is cooled by water. Due to the cooling effect of the roll and the shoe-shaped seat, the alloy liquid solidifies, and the rotating roll produces shear and agitation on the partially solidified alloy, so that the alloy liquid is converted into a semi-solid slurry, and the semi-solid slurry is separated by the friction force exerted by the roll. The material is dragged out from the gap between the roller and the shoe seat, and the semi-solid slurry is guided to flow through the stripper installed at the discharge port. It can be rheologically formed directly, or it can be made into a semi-solid billet of the required size, and then thixoformed.

(5) NRC process The production process of the NRC method is as follows: ① Control the molten metal within a few degrees above the liquidus temperature; ② Pour the molten metal into an insulated container. Due to the cooling effect of the container, the molten metal Generate a large number of primary phase grains; ③Cover the container with ceramics to prevent overcooling; ④Use air cooling to cool the metal to the set semi-solid temperature; ⑤Adjust the slurry through a high-frequency induction heater outside the heat-insulated container Adjust the solid phase volume fraction of the metal slurry to form a spherical slurry to meet the forming needs. This process takes 3 to 5 minutes; ⑥Turn over the heat-insulated container and pour the semi-solid slurry into the sleeve. At the same time, the oxide layer on the upper surface sinks to the bottom of the sleeve, which can prevent the oxide layer from entering the product; ⑦Pour the slurry directly into the mold cavity and form it.

(6) Different liquid mixing method The different liquid mixing method is to mix the molten metals of two or three hypoeutectic components, or mix the molten metals of hypoeutectic and hypereutectic components, and keep the molten metals to be mixed at Above the liquidus line, there are no or few crystal nuclei in the molten metal. The mixing is carried out in an insulated container, or in a static mixing tank that is coated with graphite on the surface of the insulated container. The mixing tank should be preheated to ensure that the temperature of the melt is maintained at the liquidus temperature when it flows through the mixing tank. above. The melt flows in a turbulent manner on the mixing tank, which makes it well mixed. The mixing of the two melts leads to spontaneous heat conduction (heat release), the hypoeutectic absorbs the heat of the hypereutectic, and the temperature of the new alloy obtained after mixing is above and below the liquidus temperature, containing a large number of crystal nuclei, and further heat treatment can be formed. , a semi-solid slurry of spherical tissue.

(7) Near-liquidus casting method The near-liquidus casting method mainly uses factors such as controlling the casting temperature, standing time, casting speed and cooling intensity, and the melting temperature is above the liquidus temperature or close to the liquidus temperature After standing for heat preservation, it is poured at a certain cooling rate to obtain a fine, nearly spherical, non-dendritic semi-solid structure.

The new processes introduced above are all semi-solid rheological forming technologies. The current semi-solid processing technology can be divided into semi-solid rheological forming and semi-solid thixoforming. It is made into semi-solid slurry, and then rheological or thixotropic forming process is carried out. The rheological forming process is to directly cast and roll the prepared semi-solid slurry into a slab, and the thixoforming process is to cast the prepared semi-solid slurry into an ingot, then heat it again, and remelt it. The process of thixoforming. The main problem of the current semi-solid rheological technology is that a semi-solid cooling and pulping process is required before casting, which requires strict temperature control and certain pulping equipment, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost and process complexity.

3. Precise forming technology

Modern precision forming technologies include pressure casting, low pressure casting, precision forging and near-net forming technology, etc., which have good workpiece formability, clear outline, smooth surface, compact casting structure and excellent mechanical properties, and can be processed with little or no processing, so that Greatly reduce manufacturing costs. The precise forming technology related to the present invention includes low pressure casting, differential pressure casting and so on.

Low-pressure casting is a method of filling the cavity with liquid metal under pressure to form a casting. Because of the low pressure used, it is called low-pressure casting. The process is: in the sealed crucible (or sealed tank), dry compressed air is introduced, and the molten metal rises along the riser pipe under the action of gas pressure, enters the mold cavity smoothly through the gate, and keeps the crucible Gas pressure on the surface of the inner liquid until the casting is completely solidified. Then the gas pressure on the liquid surface is released, so that the unsolidified metal liquid in the liquid opening pipe flows into the crucible, and then the mold is opened by the cylinder and the casting is pushed out.

Differential pressure casting is based on low-pressure casting, the casting mold is covered with a sealing cover, and compressed air is introduced into the crucible and the cover at the same time, but the pressure in the crucible is slightly higher, so that the molten metal in the crucible is passed through under the action of pressure difference. The riser fills the mold and crystallizes under pressure. The process is to seal the resistance holding furnace and the casting mold completely, and pass compressed air with a relatively high pressure such as 500kPa in the sealing cover. At this time, because the pressure inside the casting mold and the increasing pot are equal, the molten metal will not rise, and then When the molten metal is supplemented with a pressure of 50kPa, the molten metal will rise to fill the cavity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the present invention is to design a new precise forming system for various high-performance special-shaped components processed by liquid metal semi-solid processing in the cavity to address the deficiencies of the prior art. All kinds of high-performance special-shaped components produced by this system not only have the advantages of pure metal material, compact structure, fine grain and excellent comprehensive performance, but also can greatly improve the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and reduce the processing cost.

The general technical solution of the present invention is to establish a system composed of liquid metal semi-solid processing technology and precise forming technology in the cavity to produce various high-performance special-shaped components.

The present invention is divided into two kinds of precise forming systems with pressure chamber and without pressure chamber.

1. The system structure of setting the pressure chamber includes: adjustable vacuum pump system, vibrator, detection instrument, sealing cover, sealing cover, casting mold, metal liquid level sensor, sprue cup, communication device, pressure chamber, pressure regulating valve, Inert pump system, vent plug, sand pad, base;

The mold (6) with the pressure chamber (10) is put into the sealing cover (4), and the upper cover (5) of the sealing cover (4) has a connecting device (9), and the connecting device can make the sprue cup (8) It communicates or closes with the mold (6), the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is covered with a layer of sand cushion (14), the mold (6) with the pressure chamber (10) is placed on the sand cushion (14), the sealing cover (4 ) has a hole on the bottom wall, which communicates with the adjustable vacuum pump system (1) through a pipeline. There is a hole on the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10), which communicates with the inert gas pump system (12) through a pipeline, and a metal liquid level sensor (7) is installed on the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10). The instrument (3) is connected, and the outside of the base (15) of the casting mold (6) and the sealing cover (4) is respectively equipped with a vibrator (2);

The sealing cover of this system can be square, circular or polygonal, and can be a single layer or a multi-layer combination. Each layer can be a single whole or multiple combinations. All combined joints need to be kept sealed to make the sealing cover realize vacuum;

The communication device described in this system can be installed above the sealing cover or below the sealing cover; it can be manually controlled or automatically controlled, opened and closed, so as to realize the communication between the sprue cup and the mold;

The mold described in this system can be a metal mold, a metal sand mold or a sand mold; it can be a whole or a combination of modules; there is a vent plug at the bottom, or a vent hole at the top; sand can be placed in the mold core;

The vibrator described in this system can be installed on the metal mold or on the lower part of the base, and can be mechanical, electric, pneumatic or ultrasonic; it can be single or multiple;

The inert gas pump system described in this system can be a mechanical pump body or a pressure tank; the pressure can be adjusted through a regulating valve;

The sprue cup described in this system can be placed on the sealing cover, communicated with the connecting device through the hole on the sealing cover, or communicated with the hole on the sealing cover when placed on the connecting device.

The preparation work of this system working process is: at first casting mold (6) (type core) is put on the sand pad (14) of seal cover (4) base, cover pressure chamber cover (10), seal cover cover (5) ) with a communicator (9) in the lower part, and the communicator (9) is in a closed state. A sprue cup (8) is placed on the top of the sealing cover (5), and the sprue of the sprue cup (8) can communicate with the mold sprue of the pressure chamber (10) through the connector (9). The inert gas pump system (12) connected to the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10) is in a closed state, and the vacuum pump system (1) connected to the sealing cover (4) through a pipeline is also in a closed state.

The working process of this system is: first, the vacuum pump system (1) connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is opened through the pipeline, and the sealing cover (4) and the mold (6) in it are vacuumized, when the sealing cover (4) and After the vacuum degree of the casting mold (6) reaches the requirement, pour liquid metal into the sprue cup (8) placed on the upper part of the sealing cover (5), and when the sprue cup (8) is filled with liquid metal, open the sealing cover The connecting device (9) attached to the cover (5) makes the runner of the sprue cup (8) communicate with the runner of the pressure chamber (10) through the connecting device (9), and the molten metal is injected into the mold (6), and at the same time The vibrator (2) that is arranged on the mold (6) and the outside of the base (15) starts to vibrate. The pouring work is until the metal liquid contacts the metal liquid level sensor (7) on the upper part of the pressure chamber (10), and when the detection instrument (3) connected to the sensor (7) displays and sends out a signal, the pouring work stops and the communicator is closed (9), at the same time turn on the inert gas pump (12) and adjust the pressure regulating valve (11), quickly input the inert gas and apply pressure to the molten metal, under the multiple effects of vacuum, inert gas pressure and vibration, the molten metal is semi-finished. Solid-state processing and precise forming, after the molten metal is completely solidified, close the vacuum pump system (1), inert gas pressure system (12) and vibrator (2), open the sealing cover (5) and pressure chamber (10) and mold (6), take out the casting, and the process is over.

2. The system structure without pressure chamber includes: adjustable vacuum pump system, vibrator, sealing cover, sealing cover, casting mold, sprue cup, communication device, sand pad, base, pouring column system, vent hole;

Put the mold (6) into the sealing cover (4), and the sealing cover (5) has a communication device (9), and the communication device (9) can make the sprue cup (8) communicate with the casting mold (6) or closed, the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is covered with a layer of sand cushion (15), the mold (6) without pressure chamber is placed on the sand cushion (14), and holes are arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4) , communicate with the vacuum pump system (1) through pipelines, vibrators (2) are installed on the outside of the base (15) under the mold (6) and the sealing cover (4), respectively, and the sprue of the gate cup (8) passes through the communication device (9) It communicates with the casting mold (6) and the gating system (16), and the vent hole (17) is arranged on the top.

The sealing cover of this system can be square, circular or polygonal, and can be a single layer or a multi-layer combination. Each layer can be a single whole or multiple combinations. All combined joints need to be kept sealed to make the sealing cover realize vacuum;

The communication device described in this system can be installed above the sealing cover or below the sealing cover; it can be manually controlled or automatically controlled, opened and closed, so as to realize the communication between the sprue cup and the mold;

The mold described in this system can be a metal mold, a metal sand mold or a sand mold; it can be a whole or a combination of modules; a sand core can be placed in the mold;

The vibrator described in this system can be installed on the metal mold or on the lower part of the base, and can be mechanical, electric, pneumatic or ultrasonic; it can be single or multiple;

The sprue cup described in this system can be placed on the sealing cover, communicated with the connecting device through the hole on the sealing cover, or communicated with the hole on the sealing cover when placed on the connecting device.

The preparatory work of the working process of the present invention is: at first casting mold (6) (type core) is put into on the sand cushion (14) of seal cover (4) bottom, cover seal cover (5), seal cover (5) ) has a communicator (9) in the lower part, and the communicator (9) is in a closed state. A sprue cup (8) is placed on the upper part of the sealing cover (5), and the sprue of the sprue cup (8) can be communicated with the casting system (16) of the mold (6) through a connector (9). The vacuum pump system (1) communicated with the hole on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4) through the pipeline is also in a closed state.

The working process of the present invention is: firstly, the vacuum pump system (1) on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4) is opened through the pipeline, and the space in the sealing cover (4) is exhausted through the top of the mold (6). The hole vacuumizes the mold (6), and when the vacuum degree of the sealing cover (4) and the casting mold (6) in it reaches the requirement, pour liquid metal into the sprue cup (8) placed on the upper part of the sealing cover (5) , when the sprue cup (8) is filled with liquid metal, open the communication device (9) on the sealing cover (5), so that the sprue of the sprue cup (8) passes through the communication device (9) and the mold (6) ) is connected to the gating system (16), the molten metal is injected into the mold (6) through the gating system (16), and the vibrator (2 ) to start vibrating. The pouring work is until the molten metal fills the mold (6), the pouring work is stopped and the connecting device (9) is closed, and the molten metal is gradually solidified under the multiple effects of vacuum negative pressure and vibration. After the molten metal is completely solidified, the sealing cover (4) and the casting mold (6) are opened, the casting is taken out, and the technological process ends.

The present invention can achieve following effect:

1. The present invention can save the technical process of temperature control and semi-solid processing and pulping of the liquid metal outside the mold, and can save the corresponding process equipment.

2. The present invention is molded under pressure, and the size of the casting is accurate, which can greatly save processing costs.

3. In the present invention, the molten metal is gradually solidified under the multiple effects of applying pressure to the molten metal, vacuuming, inert gas pressure and vibration, so the structure is compact, the crystal grains are fine, and the mechanical properties are excellent.

4. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to realize precise quantification and automatic control.

5. The present invention has a wide range of applications, and is applicable to the production of cast iron, cast steel and various non-ferrous metal castings.

6. The invention saves energy and has remarkable economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of the precision forming system provided with pressure chambers according to the present invention.

In the figure 1. Adjustable vacuum pump system, 2. Vibrator, 3. Detection instrument, 4. Sealed cover, 5. Sealed cover, 6. Casting mold, 7. Metal liquid level sensor, 8. Sprue cup, 9. Connector, 10. Pressure chamber, 11. Pressure regulating valve, 12. Inert pump system, 13. Vent plug, 14. Sand cushion, 15. Base;

Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the precision forming system without pressure chamber of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Adjustable vacuum pump system, 2. Vibrator, 4. Sealing cover, 5. Sealing cover, 6. Casting mold, 8. Sprue cup, 9. Connector, 14. Sand pad, 15. Base , 16. Casting column system, 17. Vent hole.

Detailed ways

Example 1

In conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, it is explained as follows:

Put a mold (6) with a pressure chamber (10) into a sealing cover (4), the upper cover (5) of the sealing cover (4) has a connecting device (9), and the connecting device can make the gate The cup (8) communicates with the mold (6) or closes, and the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is covered with a layer of sand pad (14), and the mold (6) with the pressure chamber (10) is placed on the sand pad (14).

In particular, holes are opened on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4), which communicates with the vacuum pump system (1) through pipelines. There are holes on the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10), which communicate with the inert gas pump system (12) through pipelines. A metal liquid level sensor (7) is also installed on the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10), and the sensor (7) is connected with the detection instrument (3). Several vibrators (2) are respectively housed outside the base (15) of the casting mold (6) and the sealing cover (4).

The preparatory work of the working process of the present invention is: at first casting mold (6) (type core) is put into on the sand pad (14) of sealing cover (4) base, cover pressure chamber lid (10), sealing cover (5) ) with a communicator (9) in the lower part, and the communicator (9) is in a closed state. A sprue cup (8) is placed on the top of the sealing cover (5), and the sprue of the sprue cup (8) can communicate with the mold sprue of the pressure chamber (10) through the connector (9). The inert gas pump system (12) connected to the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10) is in a closed state, and the vacuum pump system (1) connected to the sealing cover (4) through a pipeline is also in a closed state.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: firstly, the vacuum pump system (1) connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is opened through the pipeline, and the space in the sealing cover (4) is controlled by the vent plug at the bottom of the casting mold (6). (6) Vacuumize, when the vacuum degree of the sealing cover (4) and the mold (6) in it reaches the requirements, start pouring liquid metal into the sprue cup (8) placed on the upper part of the sealing cover (5), when the gate After the cup (8) is filled with liquid metal, open the connecting device (9) attached to the sealing cover (5), so that the sprue of the sprue cup (8) passes through the connecting device (9) and the sprue of the pressure chamber (10). The channel is connected, the molten metal is injected into the mold (6), and the vibrator (2) arranged on the mold (6) and outside the base (15) starts to vibrate at the same time. The pouring work is until the metal liquid contacts the metal liquid level sensor (7) on the upper part of the pressure chamber (10), and when the detection instrument (3) connected to the sensor (7) displays and sends out a signal, the pouring work stops and the communicator is closed (9), at the same time turn on the inert gas pump (12) and adjust the pressure regulating valve (11), quickly input the inert gas and apply pressure to the molten metal, under the multiple effects of vacuum, inert gas pressure and vibration, the molten metal is semi-finished. Solid-state processing and precise forming, after the molten metal is completely solidified, close the vacuum pump system (1), inert gas pressure system (12) and vibrator (2), open the sealing cover (5) and pressure chamber (10) and mold (6), take out the casting, and the process is over.

Example 2:

In conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, it is explained as follows:

A casting mold (6) is put into a sealing cover (4), and a connecting device (9) is arranged on the sealing cover cover (5), and the connecting device (9) can make the sprue cup (8) and the casting mold ( 6) Connected or closed, the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is covered with a layer of sand pad (15), and the mold (6) without pressure chamber (10) is placed on the sand pad (14).       

In particular, holes are opened on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4), which communicates with the vacuum pump system (1) through pipelines. Several vibrators (2) are respectively equipped on the outside of the base (15) under the casting mold (6) and the sealing cover (4).

The preparatory work of the working process of the present invention is: at first casting mold (6) (type core) is put into the sand pad (14) of sealing cover (4) bottom, cover sealing cover (5), sealing cover (5) The lower part has a communicator (9), and the communicator (9) is in a closed state. A sprue cup (8) is placed on the upper part of the sealing cover (5), and the sprue of the sprue cup (8) can be communicated with the casting system (16) of the mold (6) through a connector (9). The vacuum pump system (1) communicated with the hole on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4) through the pipeline is also in a closed state.

The working process of the present invention is: firstly, the vacuum pump system (1) on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4) is opened through the pipeline, and the space in the sealing cover (4) is exhausted through the top of the mold (6). The hole vacuumizes the mold (6), and when the vacuum degree of the sealing cover (4) and the casting mold (6) in it reaches the requirement, pour liquid metal into the sprue cup (8) placed on the upper part of the sealing cover (5) , when the sprue cup (8) is filled with liquid metal, open the communication device (9) on the sealing cover (5), so that the sprue of the sprue cup (8) passes through the communication device (9) and the mold (6) ) is connected to the gating system (16), the molten metal is injected into the mold (6) through the gating system (16), and the vibrator (2 ) to start vibrating. The pouring work is until the molten metal fills the mold (6), the pouring work is stopped and the connecting device (9) is closed, and the molten metal is gradually solidified under the multiple effects of vacuum negative pressure and vibration. After the molten metal is completely solidified, the sealing cover (4) and the casting mold (6) are opened, the casting is taken out, and the technological process ends.

Claims (10)

1. A semi-solid processing and forming device in a cavity, characterized in that: The system structure for setting the pressure chamber includes: adjustable vacuum pump system, vibrator, detection instrument, sealing cover, sealing cover, casting mold, metal liquid level sensor, sprue cup, communication device, pressure chamber, pressure regulating valve, inert pump System, vent plug, sand pad, base; The mold (6) with the pressure chamber (10) is put into the sealing cover (4), and the upper cover (5) of the sealing cover (4) has a connecting device (9), and the connecting device can make the sprue cup (8) It communicates or closes with the mold (6), the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is covered with a layer of sand cushion (14), the mold (6) with the pressure chamber (10) is placed on the sand cushion (14), the sealing cover (4 ) has a hole on the bottom wall, which communicates with the adjustable vacuum pump system (1) through a pipeline, and has a hole on the upper wall of the pressure chamber (10), which communicates with the inert gas pump system (12) through a pipeline, and the pressure chamber (10) A metal liquid level sensor (7) is installed on the upper wall, and the sensor (7) is connected with the detection instrument (3), and a vibrator is installed outside the base (15) of the mold (6) and the sealing cover (4) (2). 2. A semi-solid processing and forming device in the cavity, characterized in that: the system structure without pressure chamber includes: adjustable vacuum pump system, vibrator, sealing cover, sealing cover, casting mold, sprue cup, Unicom devices, sand pads, bases, pouring column systems, vents, Put the mold (6) into the sealing cover (4), and the sealing cover (5) has a communication device (9), and the communication device (9) can make the sprue cup (8) communicate with the casting mold (6) or closed, the bottom of the sealing cover (4) is covered with a layer of sand cushion (15), the mold (6) without pressure chamber is placed on the sand cushion (14), and holes are arranged on the bottom wall of the sealing cover (4) , communicate with the vacuum pump system (1) through pipelines, vibrators (2) are installed on the outside of the base (15) under the mold (6) and the sealing cover (4), respectively, and the sprue of the gate cup (8) passes through the communication device (9) It communicates with the casting mold (6) and the gating system (16), and the vent hole (17) is arranged on the top. 3. A semi-solid processing and forming device in a mold cavity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sealing cover is square, circular or polygonal. 4. A semi-solid processing and forming device in the cavity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sealing cover is a single layer or a combination of multiple layers, each layer is a single whole or multiple combinations, all combinations The joints need to be kept sealed so that the sealing cover can be vacuumed. 5. A semi-solid processing and forming device in a mold cavity according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the communication device is installed above or below the sealing cover. 6. According to claim 1 or 2, a semi-solid processing and forming device in a mold cavity is characterized in that: said communicating device is controlled manually or automatically. 7. A semi-solid processing and forming device in a mold cavity according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casting mold is a metal mold, a metal plus sand mold or a sand mold. 8. A semi-solid processing and forming device in a mold cavity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mold is integral or composed of modules; sand cores are placed in the mold. 9. A semi-solid processing and forming device in the cavity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: said vibrator is single or multiple mechanical, electric, pneumatic or ultrasonic, installed in Metal mold or installed in the lower part of the base. 10. According to claim 1 or 2, a semi-solid processing and forming device in the mold cavity is characterized in that: the sprue cup is placed on the sealing cover, and through the hole on the sealing cover and the communication device communicated, or placed on the communicator to communicate with the hole on the sealing cover.

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