CN106957491A - 车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料以及其制造方法 - Google Patents

车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料以及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN106957491A
CN106957491A CN201710217369.1A CN201710217369A CN106957491A CN 106957491 A CN106957491 A CN 106957491A CN 201710217369 A CN201710217369 A CN 201710217369A CN 106957491 A CN106957491 A CN 106957491A
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徐海燕
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,包括以下组分及重量份含量的原料:基础塑料共聚物20~30%、液态聚合物15~55%、发泡剂2~10%、交联剂0.2~2%以及矿物填料15~25%。一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料的制造方法,包括以下步骤:①、称重、②、密炼、③、喂料、④、充油、⑤、混炼。本发明首先减少了生产步骤,降低了材料的生产成本,其次避免了前期高昂的注塑模具或者冲压模具开发费用,降低产品的生产成本,再次避免了在钣金上开孔(尤其是在加强钢板上),避免开孔对钣金结构强度造成影响,从而影响整车的安全等级,最后材料膨胀后整体为发泡材料,相对与尼龙加发泡材料具有更好的阻隔、密封和吸音效果。

Description

车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料以及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车配件技术领域,特别是涉及一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料以及其制造方法。
背景技术
2015年中国汽车产销量分别完成2450.33万辆和2459.76万辆,连续7年蝉联全球第一,创历史新高,汽车已经逐步进入了中国大部分寻常百姓家,随着解决了从无到有的过程,人们对车辆的要求亦不断的提高,从经济性、安全性提升到现在的舒适性要求,而NVH直接影响了驾乘者的舒适性体验。因此目前汽车工程设计人员采取了各种各样的减振、密封、隔音以及降噪技术,其中车身空腔膨胀密封材料就是有效密封、隔音以及降噪方案。
目前广泛采用的方案是尼龙骨架加膨胀材料注塑成型产品方案,但是该方案存在以下问题:1、产品工序复杂,需要首先将生产膨胀材料,其次再注塑尼龙材料骨架,再次将膨胀率材料注塑包胶至尼龙骨架上。复杂的工序提高了生产成本;2、注塑膨胀产品是通过尼龙骨架上卡扣与钣金进行组装固定,这就需要在钣金上开孔,钣金开孔增加了钣金冲压模具费用,而且钣金开孔尤其是在加强钢板上开孔可能会导致钣金结构强度降低,影响整车安全等级;3、由于膨胀材料包胶在尼龙骨架上,膨胀后不能完全覆盖尼龙部分,尼龙部分不利于噪音的吸收和阻隔。因此目前迫切需要一种低成本、高效的膨胀材料来优化、解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提供一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料以及其制造方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,包括以下组分及重量份含量的原料:
基础塑料共聚物20~30%
液态聚合物15~55%
发泡剂2~10%
交联剂0.2~2%
矿物填料15~25%。
进一步的,所述基础塑料共聚物包括乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯(EBA)、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(E-MA-GMA)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)中的至少2种混合物。
进一步的,所述液态聚合物包括聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶、聚乙二醇、苯酚改性古马隆-茚树脂中的一种或者几种混合物。
进一步的,所述发泡剂包括偶氮二甲酰胺、AC发泡剂、ADC发泡剂中的一种或者几种混合物。
进一步的,所述的交联剂包括过氧化二异丙苯、DCP、双氰胺中的一种或者几种混合物。
进一步的,所述的矿物填料包括碳酸钙、高岭土、膨润土中的一种或者几种混合物。
一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
①称重:除去液态聚合物,将所述基础塑料共聚物、发泡剂以及交联剂按照上述比例混合进行称重;
②密炼:将上述称重好的材料加入密炼机进行密炼处理,密炼温度70~90℃,时间6~15分钟;
③喂料:将密炼好的材料倒入至锥双喂料机中,强制喂料至双螺杆挤出机;
④充油:通过齿轮泵将15~65%的液态聚合物注入双螺杆挤出机;
⑤混炼:双螺杆挤出机对密炼后的材料以及注入的液态聚合物进一步混炼、挤出,挤出温度80~100℃,螺杆转速120~170RPM。
本发明的有益效果是:与现有技术相比,本发明首先减少了生产步骤,降低了材料的生产成本,其次避免了前期高昂的注塑模具或者冲压模具开发费用,降低产品的生产成本,再次避免了在钣金上开孔(尤其是在加强钢板上),避免开孔对钣金结构强度造成影响,从而影响整车的安全等级,最后材料膨胀后整体为发泡材料,相对与尼龙加发泡材料具有更好的阻隔、密封和吸音效果。
本发明产品可以有效地将车身外板、加强板以及内板之间形成的空腔进行密封、阻断,使原来经过A柱、门槛、顶棚、B柱、C柱以及后轮罩等处空腔的噪音、振源得到阻隔,极大地提高了隔音、降噪、阻尼、减振效果,从而进一步改善乘员舱内的NVH效果。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
图1是自粘性膨胀材料制造方法的原理框图;
具体实施方式
现在结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构,因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
实施例一
一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,包括以下组分及重量份含量的原料:基础塑料共聚物包括乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯(EBA)和三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)7%;液态聚合物包括聚异丁烯和液体三元乙丙橡胶。发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺;交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯,矿物填料为碳酸钙。各组分具体的重量份含量如下表。
将上述材料除聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶称重后加入密炼机,在90℃温度下密炼6分钟,下料至锥双喂料机强制喂料至双螺杆挤出机,齿轮泵将上述聚异丁烯和液体三元乙丙橡胶注入双螺杆挤出机进行混炼、挤出,挤出温度80℃,螺杆转速170RPM。
实施例二
一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,包括以下组分及重量份含量的原料:基础塑料共聚物包括乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯(EBA)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR);液态聚合物包括聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶和聚乙二醇;发泡剂选用ADC发泡剂;交联剂选用过氧化二异丙苯和双氰胺;矿物填料选用碳酸钙和高岭土。各组分具体的重量份含量如下表。
如图1所示,将上述材料除聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶和聚乙二醇称重后加入密炼机,在70℃温度下密炼15分钟,下料至锥双喂料机强制喂料至双螺杆挤出机,齿轮泵将上述聚异丁烯和液体三元乙丙橡胶注入双螺杆挤出机进行混炼、挤出,挤出温度90℃,螺杆转速120RPM。图中的模温机用于控制密炼机和双螺杆挤出机的作业温度。
实施例三
一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,包括以下组分及重量份含量的原料:基础塑料共聚物包括乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯(EBA)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)以及乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(E-MA-GMA);
液态聚合物包括聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶、聚乙二醇以及苯酚改性古马隆-茚树脂14%
发泡剂选用偶氮二甲酰胺、AC发泡剂;交联剂选用双氰胺;矿物填料选用碳酸钙和高岭土。各组分具体的重量份含量如下表。
将上述材料除聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶、苯酚改性古马隆-茚树脂和聚乙二醇称重后加入密炼机,在80℃温度下密炼9分钟,下料至锥双喂料机强制喂料至双螺杆挤出机,齿轮泵将上述聚异丁烯和液体三元乙丙橡胶注入双螺杆挤出机进行混炼、挤出,挤出温度85℃,螺杆转速158RPM。图中的模温机用于控制密炼机和双螺杆挤出机的作业温度。
试样测试
初粘性:
将实施例1-3生产好的胶条压片3mm厚度,覆EVA膜后切成宽度为20mm±1mm、长度约为200mm的试样。测试采用不锈钢试验板,试验板长度约为125mm±1mm、宽度为50mm±1mm、厚度为1.5~2.0mm。按照GB/T 2792-2014中试验步骤进行测试,得到如下结果:
体积膨胀率:
将实施例1-3生产好的胶条压片3mm厚度,切成宽度为10mm±1mm、长度约为40mm±3mm的试样。将试样在空气中称重(m1),然后将试样放入盛有已知质量蒸馏水的玻璃瓶中,称试样在蒸馏水中的质量(m2)。取出试样用滤纸或者不带绒的织物吸干试样上的水分,将试样分别放置在离型纸上,放入165℃烘箱中烘烤20分钟后取出,冷却至室温后从离型纸上取下(取下时避免试样被挤压变形),将烘烤后的试样在空气中称重(m3),然后将烘烤后的试样放入盛有已知质量蒸馏水的玻璃瓶中,称试样在蒸馏水中的质量(m4)。以上在蒸馏水中测试应确保完全浸入蒸馏水中,除去全部表面气泡,称重精确到毫克。体积膨胀率按以下公式计算:
V=(m3-m4)-(m1-m2)/(m1-m2)×100%
式中:m1—试样在空气中的初始质量;
m2—试样在蒸馏水中的初始质量;
m3—烘烤后试样在空气中的质量;
m4—烘烤后试样在蒸馏水中的质量;
得到如下结果:
本发明产品可以有效地将车身外板、加强板以及内板之间形成的空腔进行密封、阻断,使原来经过A柱、门槛、顶棚、B柱、C柱以及后轮罩等处空腔的噪音、振源得到阻隔,极大地提高了隔音、降噪、阻尼、减振效果,从而进一步改善乘员舱内的NVH效果。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,其特征是,包括以下组分及重量份含量的原料:
基础塑料共聚物20~30%
液态聚合物15~55%
发泡剂2~10%
交联剂0.2~2%
矿物填料15~25%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,其特征是,所述基础塑料共聚物包括乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯(EBA)、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(E-MA-GMA)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)中的至少2种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,其特征是,所述液态聚合物包括聚异丁烯、液体三元乙丙橡胶、聚乙二醇、苯酚改性古马隆-茚树脂中的一种或者几种混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,其特征是,所述发泡剂包括偶氮二甲酰胺、AC发泡剂、ADC发泡剂中的一种或者几种混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,其特征是,所述的交联剂包括过氧化二异丙苯、DCP、双氰胺中的一种或者几种混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料,其特征是,所述的矿物填料包括碳酸钙、高岭土、膨润土中的一种或者几种混合物。
7.一种车身空腔自粘性膨胀材料的制造方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
① 称重:除去液态聚合物,将所述基础塑料共聚物、发泡剂以及交联剂按照上述比例混合进行称重;
② 密炼:将上述称重好的材料加入密炼机进行密炼处理,密炼温度70~90℃,时间6~15分钟;
③ 喂料:将密炼好的材料倒入至锥双喂料机中,强制喂料至双螺杆挤出机;
④ 充油:通过齿轮泵将15~65%的液态聚合物注入双螺杆挤出机;
⑤ 混炼:双螺杆挤出机对密炼后的材料以及注入的液态聚合物进一步混炼、挤出,挤出温度80~100℃,螺杆转速120~170RPM。
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1812909A (zh) * 2003-06-26 2006-08-02 L&L产品公司 用于密封、阻隔或增强的可膨胀材料和可紧固构件及其形成方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1812909A (zh) * 2003-06-26 2006-08-02 L&L产品公司 用于密封、阻隔或增强的可膨胀材料和可紧固构件及其形成方法

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