CN106946773A - 一种比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针及其制备方法和用途,其中比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针的结构如下:
Description
一、技术领域
本发明涉及一种双光子荧光探针,具体地说是一种比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针及其制备 方法和用途。
二、背景技术
作为一种活性羰基类物质(RCS),甲醛是一种破坏生物细胞蛋白质的原生质毒物,会对人 的皮肤、呼吸道及内脏造成损害,麻醉人的中枢神经,可引起肺水肿、肝昏迷、肾衰竭等。 世界卫生组织确认甲醛为致畸、致癌物质,是变态反应源,长期接触将导致基因突变,是潜 在的强致突变物。高水平的甲醛可能会导致许多疾病,包括心脏类疾病,阿尔茨海默氏病和 癌症。因此,它在生物环境中监测甲醛具有重要意义。如何检测他们是非常重要的,然而定 性地在细胞中检测甲醛分子还是很少,因此在体内外检测甲醛分子已经引起了很多科学家们 的兴趣。
荧光探针作为一种检测工具有选择性好,灵敏度高,方便快捷,廉价易得等等很多的优 点,在痕量检测中展现了优越的性能。在一定体系内,当一种物质或体系中某一物质性质发 生变化时,荧光信号能相应地发生改变,从而实现了定性定量地检测出检测对象的变化。
比率型荧光探针具有双波长发射(或激发)的特征,该波长比率值的变化独立于探针浓度 和光源强度,其中最突出的特征在于其光谱形状及比率的变化值与检测客体的浓度一一对应, 从而为定量检测客体分子提供依据。目前,大部分检测甲醛的荧光探针仍为单光子的荧光探 针,然而单光子荧光探针具有不少的缺点,如:自荧光干扰很大,短激发波长导致对细胞的 光毒性大,容易发生荧光自淬灭等等。双光子荧光探针具有很多单光子荧光探针所不具有的 优点,如:细胞光毒性小,时间空间分辨率高,组织渗透深度大,降低生物组织吸收系数及 降低组织自发荧光干扰等优点。因而比率型双光子荧光探针已经作为科学家们研究的一个重 要课题。
喹啉作为一种经典的荧光团,不仅具有良好的荧光光谱性质和水溶性,而且细胞毒性低。 以喹啉作为荧光团的单光子荧光探针已经被很多文献所报道,但是作为双光子荧光探针的文 献报道还很少。检测甲醛的双光子荧光探针的报道就更加稀少。
三、发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针及其制备方法和用途,所要解决的技术 问题是通过分子设计遴选出一种合适的荧光探针结构,以实现双光子成像定性检测细胞中的 甲醛,具有选择性专一、灵敏度高、检测浓度低的优点,细胞毒性测试表明本发明对细胞几 乎没有毒性作用。
本发明比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针,简称荧光探针或荧光探针分子(MQAP),是以喹啉 为母体,其结构式如下:
本发明比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将288.09mg(1mmol)化合物MQ、677.38mg(10mmol)25wt%的氨水溶于甲醇中,0℃下搅拌反应30min,升温至室温后再加入202mg丙烯基硼酸邻二叔醇酯,30℃下搅拌反应24h; 反应结束后将反应液旋蒸除去溶剂得粗产物,通过柱层析200-300目硅胶,洗脱液为二氯甲 烷和甲醇按体积比10:1混合,得到目标产物MQAP 148.12mg,产率45%;
所述化合物MQ的结构式为:
本发明比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针MQAP的合成过程如下:
本发明比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针,在定性检测细胞中甲醛时作为检测试剂应用。
以本发明比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针为检测试剂定性检测细胞中甲醛的过程如下:
将本发明荧光探针溶于DMSO中制得1mM的母液,取100μL的该母液于10mL容量瓶中,再用待测溶液定容,配制成10μM。同样方法取100μL的母液于10mL容量瓶中,然后 分别加入0-500倍当量的甲醛(FA)。荧光探针单光子和双光子的激发波长分别为355nm和740nm,检测370-640nm波长范围内的荧光光谱变化,随着甲醛浓度的增大,405nm发射峰 逐渐减弱,而490nm发射峰逐渐增强(图1),两处荧光强度的比值R490/405也逐渐增强。
本发明荧光探针检测甲醛的机理是荧光探针分子上烯丙氨基与甲醛反应形成亚胺中间 体,进一步在随后的2-aza-cope重排、水解,最后产生醛类(MQ)。本发明选择烯丙氨基作 为一个选择性反应基团,荧光探针分子最初表现出一个相对的短发射波长,在与足量的甲醛 反应后,荧光探针分子的烯丙氨基变为有较强的吸电子能力的醛基,在和甲氧基的推电子共 同作用下产生的ICT过程,荧光发射波长发生红移。这样设计目的以实现甲醛的检测。本发 明荧光探针检测甲醛的机理示意图见图1。
本发明荧光探针分子荧光量子产率较低,与甲醛反应后荧光量子产率升高2.5倍左右。 因此本发明荧光探针分子能更好地应用生物检测中。
本发明荧光探针分子能够对生物细胞体系的甲醛进行专一性的识别,监测分析及跟踪。
本发明荧光探针分子结构简单,易于合成,作用位点和荧光基团为一整体。本发明荧光 探针分子与甲醛有明确的作用位点,本发明通过烯丙氨基与甲醛反应形成亚胺中间体,进一 步在随后的2-aza-cope重排、水解,最后产生醛类(MQ)。本发明荧光探针分子以荧光位移 的变化来检测甲醛,与甲醛作用后,在紫外灯下,肉眼就可以看出其荧光变化,荧光颜色从 蓝色变成蓝绿色光,490nm和405nm处荧光强度的比值R490/405增强了22倍,操作简单,快 速灵敏。本发明荧光探针分子选择性专一,灵敏度高,检测准确度高。
四、附图说明
图1是本发明荧光探针检测甲醛的机理示意图。
图2是本发明荧光探针(10μM)在加入0-500倍的甲醛后的紫外吸收光谱。
图3a是本发明荧光探针(10μM)在加入0-500倍的甲醛后的荧光浓度光谱图,插图表 示R490/405随甲醛浓度的变化。图3b是关于本发明荧光探针MQAP(10μM)对甲醛的最低 检测限为0.033mM,每组实验在静置150min后进行的测试。
图4是本发明荧光探针MQAP(1mM)在甲醇中在不同的波长激发下双光子吸收截面值。
图5是本发明荧光探针MQAP在细胞培养24h后的细胞存活率。从图5中我们可以看出,浓度为10μM时,细胞存活率还有98%左右,说明本发明荧光探针对细胞无毒性作用, 因此可以用来做细胞中甲醛检测。
图6是本发明荧光探针的双光子共聚焦成像照片,其中图6a-d是荧光探针(10μM)在 MCF-7细胞中培养30min后,用PBS缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)冲洗,在双光子荧光共聚焦显微成像;图6e-f是荧光探针(10μM)在MCF-7细胞中培养30min后,用PBS缓冲溶液(pH=7.4) 冲洗,再加入甲醛(300倍),继续培养细胞培养120分钟,用PBS缓冲液(pH=7.4)冲洗, 在双光子荧光共聚焦显微成像。在740nm激发下,图6a、e是MCF-7细胞的明场;图6b、f 的荧光发射收集范围400-420nm;图6c、g的荧光发射收集范围480-500nm;图6d是图6a、 b、c的叠加图,图6h是图6e、f、g的叠加图。从细胞成像可以看出,荧光探针MQAP在加 入甲醛前后,蓝色通道细胞中荧光明显减弱,绿色通道细胞中荧光明显增强。
五、具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:荧光探针分子MQAP的合成
将288.09mg(1mmol)化合物MQ、677.38mg(10mmol)25wt%的氨水溶于甲醇中,0℃下搅拌反应30min,升温到室温后再加入202mg丙烯基硼酸邻二叔醇酯,30℃下搅拌反应24h; 反应结束后将反应液旋蒸除去溶剂得粗产物,通过柱层析200-300目硅胶,洗脱液为二氯甲 烷和甲醇按体积比10:1混合,得到目标产物MQAP 148.12mg(0.45mmol),产率45%;
所述化合物MQ的结构式为:
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ8.07(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.00(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=1.3 Hz,1H),7.78(dd,J=8.7,1.7Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.46(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.90(d,J =8.7Hz,2H),5.87–5.74(m,1H),5.16(dd,J=17.1,1.1Hz,1H),5.12(d,J=10.1Hz,1H),4.29 (dd,J=8.0,5.2Hz,1H),3.84(s,3H),2.72–2.66(m,1H),2.53–2.46(m,1H),2.13(s,2H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3):δ164.21,159.80,146.80,136.17,134.65,133.14,132.22,130.48,129.12, 127.16,121.46,120.01,118.34,115.06,114.06,90.51,87.83,56.80,55.32,42.87.
实施例2:荧光探针分子的双光子测试
将本发明荧光探针溶于DMSO中制得1mM的母液,利用双光子测试技术,测试荧光探针分子(MQAP)和荧光探针分子与甲醛反应后(MQ)的双光子吸收截面,从图4可以看 出,荧光探针分子与甲醛反应前后的最大吸收截面分别是185和274GM,双光子激发波长均 在720nm。
实施例3:细胞毒性测试
MTT(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐)实验是根据已报道的文章,做一些细胞毒性测试。分别在同一批细胞中加入0,10,20,30μM的荧光探针,此条件是 在37℃、含5%CO2的细胞培养箱中孵育24小时,根据细胞存活度的公式:细胞存活率%= OD570(样品)/OD570(对照组)×100,可算得细胞存活率(图5)。从图5中我们可以看出, 浓度为10μM时,细胞存活率还有98%左右,说明了本发明荧光探针对细胞无毒性作用,因 此可以用来检测细胞中的甲醛。
实施例4:细胞成像测试
MCF-7细胞由DEME(invitrogen)培养液培养,成像前一天,MCF-7细胞放于平底表面 皿中,成像时MCF-7细胞和10μM的荧光探针MQAP的DMSO溶液于37℃、含5%CO2的 细胞培养箱中孵育0.5小时,用中性的PBS缓冲溶液或培养液充分洗涤后,用双光子荧光共 聚焦成像,得图6b。向上述含荧光探针的细胞培养液中加入100倍甲醛溶液,在37℃、含 5%CO2的细胞培养箱中孵育2小时,用中性的PBS缓冲溶液或培养液充分洗涤后,再进行 双光子荧光共聚焦成像,得图6c。从图6中可以看出,加入甲醛前,400-420nm有较强的荧 光,480-500nm有微弱的荧光;加入甲醛后,400-420nm荧光明显减弱,480-500nm荧光显著 增强。
Claims (4)
1.一种比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针,其特征在于其结构式如下:
2.一种权利要求1所述的比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
将288.09mg化合物MQ、677.38mg 25wt%的氨水溶于甲醇中,0℃下搅拌反应30min,升温至室温后再加入202mg丙烯基硼酸邻二叔醇酯,30℃下搅拌反应24h;反应结束后将反应液旋蒸除去溶剂得粗产物,通过柱层析200-300目硅胶,洗脱液为二氯甲烷和甲醇按体积比10:1混合,得到目标产物MQAP 148.12mg,产率45%;
所述化合物MQ的结构式为:
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:
洗脱液为二氯甲烷和甲醇按体积比10:1混合构成。
4.一种权利要求1所述的比率型双光子甲醛荧光探针的用途,其特征在于:在定性检测细胞中甲醛时作为检测试剂应用。
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