CN106931915A - A kind of measuring system and measuring method of five-axis machine tool translation axis error - Google Patents
A kind of measuring system and measuring method of five-axis machine tool translation axis error Download PDFInfo
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- CN106931915A CN106931915A CN201710147058.2A CN201710147058A CN106931915A CN 106931915 A CN106931915 A CN 106931915A CN 201710147058 A CN201710147058 A CN 201710147058A CN 106931915 A CN106931915 A CN 106931915A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of measuring system and measuring method of five-axis machine tool translation axis error, it is intended to when solving to carry out the multi-shaft interlocked straight path error-detecting of YZ, ZX or XYZ using prior art, the time-consuming problem more long of light regulation process.A kind of measuring system of five-axis machine tool translation axis error includes clamp assemblies, speculum, tunable interferometer voussoir, tripod, laser interferometer and a fine adjustment stage；A number clamp assemblies include clamping axostylus axostyle and install mirror handle；Speculum is arranged on installation mirror handle, and fine adjustment stage is arranged on tunable interferometer voussoir, and tunable interferometer voussoir is arranged on tripod, and tripod is provided with scale, and laser interferometer is arranged in fine adjustment stage and perpendicular to the mirror surface-emission laser of speculum.Detection method method includes the detection method of the detection method of X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision, detection method of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machining equipment detection field, more particularly to a kind of survey for measuring five-axis machine tool translation axis error
Amount system and measuring method.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement and the extensive use of precision processing technology of global manufacturing level, five-axle number control machine tool should
Constantly expanded with field, the requirement to its machining accuracy is also increasingly improved.The precision of Digit Control Machine Tool itself is influence workpiece essence
The key factor of degree, to the holding of five-axis linkage machine tools precision during one's term of military service, most directly effective method is at present：It is periodically right
Lathe carries out geometric error detection, identification and calculates and implement compensation.
Error-detecting is the important prerequisite that effective error compensation is carried out to lathe, no matter which kind of error identification algorithm taken
With post compensation means, it is required for completing the error-detecting to lathe.At present, laser interferometer is generally used to five shafts numerical controlled machine
Bed translation shaft carries out error-detecting；Meanwhile, it is also proposed many error identification methods based on laser interferometer domestic and foreign scholars.No
By being the tradition identification algorithm such as 12 collimation methods, 14 collimation methods, 15 collimation methods, 22 collimation methods, 13 collimation methods for still proposing recently are required for carrying out
Two axles or three-shaft linkage track are the detection of face diagonal or body diagonal positioning precision.
Common laser interferometer is main flat by laser interferometer, speculum, interference mirror, installation mirror handle, Magnetic gauge stand, fine setting
Platform and tripod etc. are constituted, due to that not comprising general fixture, will bring inconvenience to error-detecting.Carry out single shaft error
During detection, general being fixed on speculum by Magnetic gauge stand carries out one-time detection on main shaft, then repeatedly change speculum
Position, multi-group data is measured along the direction of principal axis.The topmost drawback in position of this manual change Magnetic gauge stand is：Can not be to each
Individual different measuring points are accurately positioned, and the relative position between measuring point inaccurately will directly reduce the accuracy of error identification result.
Bigger problem is：When carrying out the multi-shaft interlocked straight path error-detecting of YZ, ZX or XYZ, due to the measurement track and water
Plane is in a certain angle to be set to α, it is necessary to adjusting laser interferometer and speculum makes its optical path direction horizontal by α angles, this
Even if individual also time-consuming quite tediously long to the veteran operating personnel of light regulation process, the operator being lacking in experience may always adjust
Bad, this can not only meet efficient production requirement, and can be because the excessive lathe temperature of time of measuring span changes
And reduce the isothermal of each group measurement data.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of measuring system and measuring method of five-axis machine tool translation axis error, it is intended to solve using existing
When having technology and carrying out the multi-shaft interlocked straight path error-detecting of YZ, ZX or XYZ, the time-consuming problem more long of light regulation process.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of measuring system of five-axis machine tool translation axis error, including clamp assemblies, speculum, a tunable interferometer wedge
Block, tripod, laser interferometer and fine adjustment stage；A number clamp assemblies include clamping axostylus axostyle and install mirror handle, install mirror handle and lead to
Cross the lower section for being threaded in clamping axostylus axostyle；Speculum is arranged on installation mirror handle by removable mode, and fine adjustment stage is set
On tunable interferometer voussoir, tunable interferometer voussoir is arranged on tripod, laser interferometer be arranged in fine adjustment stage and
Perpendicular to the mirror surface-emission laser of speculum.
Further, the measuring system of five-axis machine tool axis error also includes No. two clamp assemblies, and No. two clamp assemblies are included admittedly
Fixed board, connecting bolt, level meter, cylindrical lens handle and adjusting bracket；Fixed plate is foursquare flat board, on four angles of fixed plate
Location hole is provided with, four location holes are located on foursquare four angles respectively；Adjusting bracket includes the connecting seat of cylinder and uniform
Four poles on connecting seat lateral wall；Every pole is connected to the upper surface of fixed plate, every branch by connecting bolt
Rubber washer is equipped between bar and fixed plate；It is provided with installation axle above connecting seat, connecting seat is coaxial with installation axle and axis
Pass perpendicularly through the center of fixed plate；Cylindrical lens handle is plugged in location hole, and cylindrical lens handle is provided with scale, the upper end of cylindrical lens handle
Wing nut is connected through a screw thread, wing nut is overlapped on the upper surface of fixed plate；The upper surface of fixed plate is provided with level
Instrument placement platform, level meter is placed on level meter placement platform.
No. two clamp assemblies have machining accuracy very high, it is ensured that its lower surface it is parallel with level meter mounting table and and its
Side is vertical；Four adjacent sides mutually keep vertical；The spacing of four positioning location holes are equal and be certain certain value, are beneficial to
The error identification in later stage is calculated.Level meter can be directly placed at the circular of fixed plate and place on boss, it is also possible to by screw
It is fixed.After axostylus axostyle is clamped with machine tool chief axis assembling clamping, the regulation of fixed plate dimensional orientation is realized by connecting bolt, adjusted
It is whole be the level of state to level meter after, at this moment the lower surface of fixed plate is level.Can easily realize that five-axle number control machine tool is put down
Moving axis geometric accuracy is detected.The square tabular of main body of fixed plate, machining accuracy is very high, and there is small boss its upper surface for putting
Level meter is put, lower surface is parallel with the level meter mounting table of upper surface and vertical with four sides, and four sides are protected each other
Hold perpendicular or parallel relation, its corner it is symmetrical be provided with location hole, each positioning pitch of holes is certain, for fixed cylinder mirror handle and real
Show being accurately positioned for cylindrical lens handle.The main part of fixed plate is connected by four screwed holes with clamping axle portion part, therebetween
Rubber washer is placed with, fastening is connected with machine tool chief axis by clamping axle when using, and can be by the elastic realization of regulating bolt
Fixed plate lower surface is in level.Cylindrical lens handle is in ladder shaft-like, and maximum end is marked with scale, and speculum is installed on it can accurately be adjusted
Section position；Interlude coordinates with fixed plate upper Positioning holes in minim gap, realizes positioning and ensures that install mirror handle hangs down with fixed plate
Directly；Smallest end is tapped, plays bolt, cylindrical lens handle is fixed in fixed plate by wing nut.
Clamping axostylus axostyle is a cylindrical rod, and one end is connected by handle of a knife with machine tool chief axis, the other end be provided with screwed hole can with it is sharp
The supporting mirror handle of installing of optical interferometer is connected.Tunable interferometer voussoir is substantially a wedge, but compared to the wedge of fixed angle
Its tilt adjustable, any inclination angle in [- 40 °, 40 °] range can be presented with reference to institute's indexing thereon, adjust
Journey is completed by a worm-and-wheel gear, therefore with auto-lock function, it is ensured that the stability at inclination angle.Tunable interferometer
Voussoir bottom surface is provided with screwed hole and can be fixed on tripod, and upper surface is equipped with stud with the tune of the laser interferometer that is connected
Section platform, can make laser interferometer accurately incline special angle, can be realized when space angled straight lines position error is detected quick
To light.Table is beaten along X-axis or Y-axis to fixed plate side using amesdial, by the rotational angle for adjusting machine tool chief axis, it is ensured that fixed
The side of plate is with respect to X-axis or the parallel installation of Y-axis；It is used for the machining benchmark of location hole of positioning cylinder mirror handle in fixed plate to fix
The side of plate, two neighboring positioning holes center line is parallel with side, i.e., also parallel with respect to X-axis or Y-axis.
A kind of measurement five-axis machine tool translation shaft error approach of the measuring system using above-mentioned five-axis machine tool translation axis error,
Detection method including X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision；The detection method of X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision includes
Following steps：
A, will clamping axostylus axostyle and five-axis machine tool spindle mounted step up；
B, five-axis machine tool main shaft are rotated from vertical state along Y-axis, and rotational angle is α, makes the minute surface vertical line of speculum and X-axis
Between angle be α, and the minute surface vertical line of speculum is located in lathe ZX planes；
C, the height that laser interferometer is adjusted by tripod, by the angle of tunable interferometer adjustment of wedge laser interferometer
Degree, then adjusts laser interferometer by fine adjustment stage, and the laser vertical for launching laser interferometer is radiated at the mirror of speculum
On face；
D, five-axis machine tool main shaft drive scintilloscope to be moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum；Main shaft is moved in the direction
It is dynamic, N number of point is measured, the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer measures this N number of point
Actual displacement is respectively S'(1)~S'(N)；N is the integer more than or equal to 1, and occurrence is set according to measurement needs,
Following N is same.
E, according to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate five-axis machine tool main shaft along X-axis and Z-axis linkage direction
Displacement error.
Further, measurement five-axis machine tool translation shaft error approach also includes the detection of Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision
Method；The detection method of Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision is comprised the following steps：
A, will clamping axostylus axostyle and five-axis machine tool spindle mounted step up；
B, five-axis machine tool main shaft are rotated from vertical state along X-axis, and rotational angle is α, makes the minute surface vertical line of speculum and Y-axis
Between angle be α, and the minute surface vertical line of speculum is located in lathe ZY planes；
C, the height that laser interferometer is adjusted by tripod, by the angle of tunable interferometer adjustment of wedge laser interferometer
Degree, then adjusts laser interferometer by fine adjustment stage, and the laser vertical for launching laser interferometer is radiated at the mirror of speculum
On face；
D, five-axis machine tool main shaft drive scintilloscope to be moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum；Main shaft is moved in the direction
It is dynamic, N number of point is measured, the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer measures this N number of point
Actual displacement is respectively S'(1)~S'(N)；
E, according to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate five-axis machine tool main shaft along Y-axis and Z-axis linkage direction
Displacement error.
Further, measurement five-axis machine tool translation shaft error approach also includes X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision
Detection method, the detection method of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision is comprised the following steps：
A, will clamping axostylus axostyle and five-axis machine tool spindle mounted step up；
B, rotate five-axis machine tool main shaft, make angle between the minute surface vertical line of speculum and XY faces be β, and speculum minute surface
Vertical line angle between the projection in XY faces and X-axis is γ；
C, the height that laser interferometer is adjusted by tripod, by the angle of tunable interferometer adjustment of wedge laser interferometer
Degree, then adjusts laser interferometer by fine adjustment stage, and the laser vertical for launching laser interferometer is radiated at the mirror of speculum
On face；
D, five-axis machine tool main shaft drive scintilloscope to be moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum；Main shaft is moved in the direction
It is dynamic, N number of point is measured, the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer measures this N number of point
Actual displacement is respectively S'(1)~S'(N)；
E, according to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate five-axis machine tool main shaft along X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage
The displacement error in direction.
Compared with prior art it is an advantage of the invention that：
1st, when five-axle number control machine tool carries out two axles or the detection of three-shaft linkage straight path positioning precision, using existing auxiliary
Fixture clamping speculum is, it is necessary to angle by manually adjusting speculum, adjustment time is more long, and error is larger；The present invention
Middle five-axis machine tool axle can be by controlling to install angle of the mirror handle so as to adjust speculum；Improve governing speed；Further, since
The error of machine spindle is less than manually installed error, can improve certainty of measurement.
2nd, by tunable interferometer adjustment of wedge angle, tripod is provided with the adjustable interference of measurement to laser interferometer of the present invention
The scale at instrument voussoir angle of inclination, rapidly can adjust to specified location laser interferometer.Can adjust according to demand with suitable
Any direction linkage track positioning precision is answered to detect, thus suitable for the lathe of various different strokes.
3rd, the present invention can substantially reduce the detection early-stage preparations time, then reduce lathe temperature change and environment temperature becomes
Change the influence to measurement data, improve the isothermal of each group measurement data, certainty of measurement is improve indirectly.
4th, the present invention can adapt to the multi-axis NC Machine Tools translation shaft geometric accuracy detection of all kinds of different strokes, with instrument
The regulating member of change and stylized regulation process, reduce the dependence that measurement process adjusts experience to engineer, can greatly contract
The time of short precision detection and cost and accuracy of detection can be improved, with wide application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be attached to what is used needed for embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore be not to be taken as to model
The restriction enclosed, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to these
Accompanying drawing obtains other related accompanying drawings.
During Fig. 1 is of the invention, a structural representation when clamp assemblies and speculum coordinate.
During Fig. 2 is of the invention, the operation principle schematic diagram of X-axis and the detection of Z axis two-axle interlocking straight path positioning precision.
During Fig. 3 is of the invention, the operation principle schematic diagram of X, Y and the detection of Z axis three-shaft linkage track positioning precision.
During Fig. 4 is of the invention, No. two structural representations of clamp assemblies.
During Fig. 5 is of the invention, structural representation when cylindrical lens handle and wing nut coordinate.
During Fig. 6 is of the invention, the operation principle schematic diagram of single shaft the linear positions detection.
During Fig. 7 is of the invention, the operation principle schematic diagram of X-axis and the detection of Y-axis two-axle interlocking straight path positioning precision.
Specific embodiment
In the description of the invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ",
Terms such as " fixations " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be with
It is to mechanically connect, or be directly connected to, or be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can is two element internals
Connection or two interaction relationships of element.For those of ordinary skills, can understand as the case may be
Above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
Embodiment one：
Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, a kind of measuring system of five-axis machine tool translation axis error, including clamp assemblies, a speculum
3rd, tunable interferometer voussoir 4, tripod 5, laser interferometer 6 and fine adjustment stage；A number clamp assemblies include clamping axostylus axostyle 1 and peace
Dress mirror handle 2, installs the lower section that mirror handle 2 is threadedly attached in clamping axostylus axostyle 1.It is of the invention to be applied to more in order to cost-effective
Economic single frequency laser interferometer.
Refering to Fig. 2, speculum 3 is arranged on installation mirror handle 2 by removable mode, and fine adjustment stage is arranged on adjustable interference
On instrument voussoir 4, tunable interferometer voussoir 4 is arranged on tripod 5, laser interferometer 6 be arranged in fine adjustment stage and perpendicular to
The mirror surface-emission laser of speculum 3.Tunable interferometer voussoir 4 is including regulating block, with graduated base and for making regulating block
Around the worm-and-wheel gear of base rotation, base is arranged on tripod 5.The fine setting used on A-frame in the present invention
Platform is finely adjusted in the prior art for belonging to very ripe in the art, and the concrete structure of fine adjustment stage is repeated no more here.
Refering to Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, five-axis machine tool axis error measuring system also includes No. two clamp assemblies, No. two clamp assemblies bags
Include fixed plate 7, connecting bolt 8, level meter 9, cylindrical lens handle 10 and adjusting bracket；Fixed plate 7 is foursquare flat board, fixed plate 7
Four angles on be equipped with location hole 11, four location holes 11 are located on foursquare four angles respectively；Adjusting bracket includes cylinder
The connecting seat 12 of shape and four poles 13 being distributed on the lateral wall of connecting seat 12；Every pole 13 is connected by connecting bolt 8
The upper surface of fixed plate 7 is connected on, rubber washer 14 is equipped between every pole 13 and fixed plate 7；The top of connecting seat 12 sets
There is an installation axle 15, connecting seat 12 is coaxial with installation axle 15 and axis passes perpendicularly through the center of fixed plate 7；Cylindrical lens handle 10 is plugged on
In location hole 11, cylindrical lens handle 10 is provided with scale, and the upper end of cylindrical lens handle 10 has been connected through a screw thread wing nut 16, butterfly-type
Nut 16 is overlapped on the upper surface of fixed plate 7；Level meter 9 is arranged on the upper surface of fixed plate 7.According to measurement in the present invention
The different needs of track, will select a clamp assemblies or No. two clamp assemblies, corresponding reflective mirror 3 to be arranged on cylindrical lens handle 10
Or install on mirror handle 2.
Embodiment two：
Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the measurement five of the measuring system of five-axis machine tool translation axis error described in a kind of use embodiment one
Axle lathe translation shaft error approach, including X-axis translation positioning precision detection, the detection of Y-axis translation positioning precision, Z axis translation
The detection of positioning precision, the detection of X-axis and Y-axis linkage track positioning precision, the detection of X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision,
The detection of Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision, the detection of X axles, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision.
The detecting step of X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision, the detection step of X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision
Suddenly, it is only necessary to use a clamp assemblies, No. two clamp assemblies are not used.X-axis and Z are carried out with to A/B pivot angles five-axis machine tool 21
As a example by axle linkage track positioning precision detection, the assembling of the set laser interferometer auxiliary clamp is as shown in Figure 2.Axostylus axostyle 1 will be clamped
Step up with machine tool chief axis assembling, then be connected through a screw thread the supporting installation mirror handle 2 of laser interferometer, also may be selected to connect set folder
Cylindrical lens handle with a scale in tool.If angle is α between linkage trajectory and X-axis, keep that lathe translation shaft is static only adjusts it
Rotary shaft B puts, and makes this be the clamping axostylus axostyle 1 of vertical state around Y-axis rotation alpha angle, then clamp axostylus axostyle 1 be still located at lathe ZX planes and
It is pi/2-α with X-axis angle, but the light path vertical with clamping axostylus axostyle 1 upper reflector face is in α angles with X-axis.Then will be adjustable
The Inclination maneuver of interferometer voussoir 4 is α, is installed between the mounting plane of tripod 5 and fine adjustment stage, is connected through a screw thread tight
Gu.Then laser interferometer 6 is arranged in fine adjustment stage, now transmitting laser direction is substantially vertical with speculum 3, only needs to adjust
The height of the whole tripod 5 and attitude to fine adjustment stage is slightly adjusted, you can make transmitting laser and reflection laser be in same
On straight line, so as to carry out X-axis, the detection of Z-axis linkage positioning precision.The rotary shaft precision of usual five-axle number control machine tool is in 10-4rad
Within, it is sufficient to hand-operating light demand when meeting accuracy detection.Five-axis machine tool main shaft drives scintilloscope to be hung down along the minute surface of speculum
Move in line direction；Main shaft is moved in the direction, measures N number of point, and the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S
(N), laser interferometer measures the actual displacement respectively S'(1 of this N number of point)~S'(N)；According to S (1)~S (N) and S'
(1)~S'(N) five-axis machine tool main shaft is calculated along X-axis and the displacement error in Z-axis linkage direction.
Similar, when carrying out Y-axis, the detection of Z-axis linkage track positioning precision, refer to X-axis, Z-axis linkage track positioning accurate
Degree detection method is adjusted and installs to laser interferometer and the auxiliary clamp.Here repeat no more.
When X, Y is carried out and Z axis three-shaft linkage track positioning precision is detected, it is only necessary to use a clamp assemblies, without
Need No. two clamp assemblies.Examined with carrying out X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage straight path positioning precision to A/B pivot angles five-axis machine tool 21
As a example by survey, the assembling of the set laser interferometer auxiliary clamp is as shown in Figure 3.Need to first pass through calculating before measurement and try to achieve：Linkage rail
Angle β between mark and horizontal plane, with the angle γ of lathe YZ planes and its in the projection of YZ planes and the angle theta of Z axis.Machine
After bed main shaft steps up with the clamping assembling of axostylus axostyle 1, holding lathe translation shaft is static only to adjust its rotary shaft A/B pendulum：First make initial pendulum
Angle is the 0 dynamic θ angles of A rotations, after make the dynamic γ angles of B rotations that initial pendulum angle is 0.Axostylus axostyle 1 is clamped after adjustment will be total to linkage track
Face and vertical, light path now vertical with clamping axostylus axostyle 1 upper reflector face is parallel with track of linking.On the other hand, can cadre enrolled among workers
Interferometer voussoir be the angle set of wedge for β, and be connected through a screw thread and will mix up the tunable interferometer voussoir of angle and be installed on three
Between the mounting plane and fine adjustment stage of foot stool.Finally laser interferometer is arranged in fine adjustment stage, now launches laser side
To substantially vertical with speculum 3, the height of tripod and the attitude of fine adjustment stage only need to be adjusted, swash transmitting laser and reflection
Light is on the same line, you can carry out the detection of X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis three-shaft linkage positioning precision.Five-axis machine tool main shaft drives
Scintilloscope is moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum；Main shaft is moved in the direction, measures N number of point, this N number of point it is theoretical
Displacement is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer measures the actual displacement respectively S'(1 of this N number of point)~S'
(N)；According to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) five-axis machine tool main shaft is calculated along X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage direction
Displacement error.
The present embodiment is with the single shaft positioning precision of typical A/B pivot angles five-axle number control machine tool and multi-shaft interlocked positioning precision
Application note of the invention is carried out as a example by detection installation method, for other five axles such as A/C pivot angle 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathes
Lathe is equally applicable.
Refering to Fig. 6, the detecting step of X-axis translation positioning precision includes：The installation axle 15 of fixed plate and machine tool chief axis are connected
Fastening is connect, then cylindrical lens handle 10 with a scale is assembled among the location hole 11 of fixed plate 7 and is tightened with wing nut 16.
Then level meter 9 is placed on the level meter placement platform 17 of the upper surface of fixed plate 7, by adjusting four in fixed plate 7
The tightness of connecting bolt 8 makes the leveling of level meter 9.After after the leveling of level meter 9, it is ensured that the lower surface level of fixed plate 7,
Also so that cylindrical lens handle 10 is in vertical state.Table is beaten along X-axis to the side of fixed plate 7 using amesdial, by adjusting machine tool chief axis
Rotational angle, it is ensured that the side of fixed plate 7 is with respect to the parallel installation of X-axis.In measurement, conversion speculum 3 is in cylindrical lens handle 10
On position, make three different positions residing for a speculum 3 in three locations drawing 6 of the speculum 3 successively in Fig. 6
Put, and not three speculums, the direction of arrow is X-direction in Fig. 6, is detected respectively.Due to being used to position in fixed plate 7
The machining benchmark of the location hole 11 of cylindrical lens handle 10 is the side of fixed plate 7.Main shaft is moved in the direction, measures N number of point, this N
The theoretical displacement of individual point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer measures the actual displacement difference of this N number of point
It is S'(1)~S'(N)；According to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate shifting of the five-axis machine tool main shaft along X-direction
Dynamic error.
The similar single shaft positioning precision that can carry out Y-axis detection, repeats no more here.
When carrying out the detection of Z axis single shaft positioning precision, only cylindrical lens handle 10 with a scale need to be made to be sequentially arranged in fixed plate 7
Three location holes 11 in, and without changing position of the speculum on cylindrical lens handle 10, then detected respectively.
Track and plane-parallel because X, Y-axis link, the detection method of track positioning precision so X-axis and Y-axis link
Similar with X-axis single shaft Linear Positioning Accuracy Measurement Methods, the detection method that can refer to X-axis is auxiliary to laser interferometer 6 and laser interferometer
Fixture is helped to be adjusted and install, as shown in fig. 7, repeating no more here, the direction of arrow is Laser emission direction in Fig. 7.
When being detected due to carrying out single shaft positioning precision, speculum 3 and laser interferometer 6 all in horizontality, by can
Cadre enrolled among workers's interferometer voussoir 4 adjusts the angle of laser interferometer 6, then adjusts laser interferometer 6 by fine adjustment stage, it is ensured that transmitting swashs
Light and reflection laser can implement the detection of single shaft positioning precision on the same line.The regulation of speculum 3 and laser interferometer 6
Regulation belongs to prior art, and here is omitted.
Specific embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, but technical characteristic of the invention is not limited thereto, Ren Heben
The technical staff in field in the field of the invention, all cover among the scope of the claims of the invention by the change or modification made.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of measuring system of five-axis machine tool translation axis error, it is characterized in that：
Including a clamp assemblies, speculum (3), tunable interferometer voussoir (4), tripod (5), laser interferometer (6) and micro-
Leveling platform；A number clamp assemblies include clamping axostylus axostyle (1) and install mirror handle (2), install mirror handle (2) and be threadedly attached in clamping
The lower section of axostylus axostyle (1)；
Speculum (3) is arranged in installation mirror handle (2) by removable mode, and fine adjustment stage is arranged on tunable interferometer voussoir
(4) on, tunable interferometer voussoir (4) is arranged on tripod (5), and laser interferometer (6) is arranged in fine adjustment stage and vertical
In the mirror surface-emission laser of speculum (3).
2. the measuring system of a kind of five-axis machine tool axis error according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Also include No. two clampings
Component, No. two clamp assemblies include fixed plate (7), connecting bolt (8), level meter (9), cylindrical lens handle (10) and adjusting bracket；Gu
Fixed board (7) is foursquare flat board, and location hole (11) is equipped with four angles of fixed plate (7), and four location holes (11) are respectively
On foursquare four angles；Adjusting bracket includes the connecting seat (12) of cylinder and is distributed on connecting seat (12) lateral wall
Four poles (13)；Every pole (13) is connected to the upper surface of fixed plate (7), every pole by connecting bolt (8)
(13) rubber washer (14) is equipped with and fixed plate (7) between；Installation axle (15), connecting seat are provided with above connecting seat (12)
(12) coaxial with installation axle (15) and axis passes perpendicularly through the center of fixed plate (7)；Cylindrical lens handle (10) is plugged on location hole
(11) in, cylindrical lens handle (10) is provided with scale, and the upper end of cylindrical lens handle (10) has been connected through a screw thread wing nut (16), butterfly
Type nut (16) is overlapped on the upper surface of fixed plate (7)；The upper surface of fixed plate (7) is provided with level meter placement platform (17),
Level meter (9) is placed on level meter placement platform (17).
3. the measurement five-axis machine tool of the measuring system of any five-axis machine tool translation axis error of a kind of use claim 1 to 2
Translation shaft error approach, it is characterized in that：Detection method including X-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision：
A, will clamping axostylus axostyle (1) step up with five-axis machine tool spindle mounted；
B, five-axis machine tool main shaft are rotated from vertical state along Y-axis, and rotational angle is α, makes the minute surface vertical line and X-axis of speculum (3)
Between angle be α, and the minute surface vertical line of speculum (3) is located in lathe ZX planes；
C, the height that laser interferometer (6) is adjusted by tripod (5), laser interference is adjusted by tunable interferometer voussoir (4)
The angle of instrument (6), then adjusts laser interferometer (6) by fine adjustment stage, and the laser vertical for launching laser interferometer (6) is shone
Penetrate on the minute surface of speculum (3)；
D, five-axis machine tool main shaft drive scintilloscope (3) to be moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum (3)；Main shaft is moved in the direction
It is dynamic, N number of point is measured, the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer (6) measures this N number of point
Actual displacement be respectively S'(1)~S'(N)；
E, according to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate shifting of the five-axis machine tool main shaft along X-axis and Z-axis linkage direction
Dynamic error.
4. the measurement five-axis machine tool of the measuring system of any five-axis machine tool translation axis error of a kind of use claim 1 to 2
Translation shaft error approach, it is characterized in that：Detection method including Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision：
A, will clamping axostylus axostyle (1) step up with five-axis machine tool spindle mounted；
B, five-axis machine tool main shaft are rotated from vertical state along X-axis, and rotational angle is α, makes the minute surface vertical line and Y-axis of speculum (3)
Between angle be α, and the minute surface vertical line of speculum (3) is located in lathe ZY planes；
C, the height that laser interferometer (6) is adjusted by tripod (5), laser interference is adjusted by tunable interferometer voussoir (4)
The angle of instrument (6), then adjusts laser interferometer (6) by fine adjustment stage, and the laser vertical for launching laser interferometer (6) is shone
Penetrate on the minute surface of speculum (3)；
D, five-axis machine tool main shaft drive scintilloscope (3) to be moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum (3)；Main shaft is moved in the direction
It is dynamic, N number of point is measured, the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer (6) measures this N number of point
Actual displacement be respectively S'(1)~S'(N)；
E, according to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate shifting of the five-axis machine tool main shaft along Y-axis and Z-axis linkage direction
Dynamic error.
5. the measurement five-axis machine tool of the measuring system of any five-axis machine tool translation axis error of a kind of use claim 1 to 2
Translation shaft error approach, it is characterized in that：Detection method including X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage track positioning precision：
A, will clamping axostylus axostyle (1) step up with five-axis machine tool spindle mounted；
B, rotate five-axis machine tool main shaft, make angle between the minute surface vertical line of speculum (3) and XY faces be β, and speculum (3) mirror
Vertical line angle between the projection in XY faces and X-axis in face is γ；
C, the height that laser interferometer (6) is adjusted by tripod (5), laser interference is adjusted by tunable interferometer voussoir (4)
The angle of instrument (6), then adjusts laser interferometer (6) by fine adjustment stage, and the laser vertical for launching laser interferometer (6) is shone
Penetrate on the minute surface of speculum (3)；
D, five-axis machine tool main shaft drive scintilloscope (3) to be moved along the minute surface vertical line direction of speculum (3)；Main shaft is moved in the direction
It is dynamic, N number of point is measured, the theoretical displacement of this N number of point is respectively S (1)~S (N), and laser interferometer (6) measures this N number of point
Actual displacement be respectively S'(1)~S'(N)；
E, according to S (1)~S (N) and S'(1)~S'(N) calculate five-axis machine tool main shaft along X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis linkage direction
Displacement error.
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| CN107511938A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-26 | 华侨大学 | Precision ultrasonic puncher and its tool heads angle adjusting method |
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