CN102788594B - A kind of total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer - Google Patents
A kind of total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102788594B CN102788594B CN201210262626.0A CN201210262626A CN102788594B CN 102788594 B CN102788594 B CN 102788594B CN 201210262626 A CN201210262626 A CN 201210262626A CN 102788594 B CN102788594 B CN 102788594B
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Abstract
Embodiments provide a kind of total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer, comprise, measurement cotton rope upper end is fixed on the stability of cavern roof point of top board, measure cotton rope and naturally droop, transfer and measure cotton rope lower end measurement industrial siding pendant to floor, mark floor point; By instrument support, total powerstation or transit are erected at directly over the point of floor, setting present orientation is 0 degree of direction, and centralizer aims at floor point, and the crosshair of centralizer or dot remain on a vertical with measurement cotton rope; Relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw, compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes line to fall centering, by the relative position of centralizer and impact point, adjust instrument from several direction up and down, make instrument reach the requirement of centering horizontalization, this method makes full use of instrument existing structure, be easy to operation and do not increase additional complexity, the instrumental correction demand of the scenes such as construction or indoor can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and relate to engineering measuring technology field, particularly a kind of total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer.
Background technology
Total powerstation or transit are a kind of precision and highly sensitive gauging instrument, and the correctness of centralizer is a basic parameter of a measurement gauging instrument accuracy, and directly have influence on the service precision of instrument, this work is the key link of surveying work.
Because measuring accuracy under the execution conditions such as tunnel or tunnel requires higher, require that survey crew is often examined and determine instrument centralizer and corrects.Total powerstation or transit need meet except certain geometric condition except three macro-axis systems (transverse axis, vertical pivot, collimation axis), wherein self also must meet centering optics (or laser) vertical line with the instrument of optical centering device or laser centring device to overlap with vertical pivot, otherwise, very easily cause the error of centralization, the error of centralization for minor face take measurement of an angle impact very large.In the work progress such as tunnel or tunnel, total powerstation or transit centralizer error exceed code requirement will directly affect the precision of wire, center line, even affects the technical quality requirement in tunnel or tunnel etc.Therefore surveying instrument centralizer to often be tested and be corrected.Because the tracerse point in tunnel or tunnel etc., centerline are all laid on top board, just require that instrument centring under point device must meet code requirement (1mm).
Surveying instrument maintenance store and instrument plant will be arrived to return home maintenance after deviation appears in instrument centralizer in the past, person affects surveying work because instrument centralizer is inaccurate in real work to this approach avoid surveying work, but have a strong impact on measurement Task Progress and cost is higher, the centering horizontalization work of prior art total powerstation or transit is stretched by instrument support (such as foot rest etc.) slippage and is realized, but in and horizontalization link both affected the precision of measurement data, affect again the efficiency of surveying work, the adjustment beginner that instrument support (such as foot rest etc.) slippage is stretched not easily grasps, survey crew needs better to grasp the method through training ability for a long time, be unfavorable for the efficient propelling of surveying work.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer, and the method is simple and practical compared with other method existing, instrumental correction efficiency before significant increase measurement task.
Embodiments provide a kind of total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer, comprise step, the step of instrument centering and the step of instrument horizontalization that standard point is set,
The step of set standard point is, measurement cotton rope upper end is fixed on the stability of cavern roof point of top board, measures cotton rope and naturally droops, and transfers and measures cotton rope lower end measurement industrial siding pendant to floor, mark floor point;
The step of described instrument centering is, by instrument support, total powerstation or transit is erected at directly over the point of floor, and setting present orientation is 0 degree of direction, and centralizer aims at floor point, and the crosshair of centralizer or dot remain on a vertical with measurement cotton rope;
The step of described instrument horizontalization is, the relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw.
Preferably, the described relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw and is:
If above the crosshair of floor point centralizer on point or dot, then loose top screw, tight following screw, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap;
If floor point is the crosshair of centralizer or the below of dot on point, then Panasonic limit screw, tight top screw, if the crosshair of floor point and upper centralizer or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap;
If floor point is the crosshair of centralizer or the left of dot on point, then loose left side screw, screw on the right of tight, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap;
If the crosshair of floor point at upper centralizer or the right of dot, then screw on the right of pine, tight left side screw, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap.
Preferably, the described relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw and is:
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the front of dot, then loose top screw, tight screw below, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and lower centralizer or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap;
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the rear of dot, then Panasonic limit screw, tight top screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and upper centralizer or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap;
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the left of dot, then loose left side screw, tight the right screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap;
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the right of dot, then pine the right screw, tight left side screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes line to fall centering, by the relative position of centralizer and impact point, instrument is adjusted from several direction up and down, instrument is made to reach the requirement of centering horizontalization, this method makes full use of instrument existing structure, be easy to operation and do not increase additional complexity, the instrumental correction demand of the scenes such as construction or indoor can be met, can find from theoretical analysis and field measurement, the present invention can effectively lowering apparatus centralizer error to the Accuracy of wire, centerline position.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly introduced, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is total powerstation of the present invention or transit centralizer bearing calibration preferred embodiment schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is that total powerstation of the present invention or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer arrange standard point preferred embodiment schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is total powerstation of the present invention or transit centralizer bearing calibration centering horizontalization preferred embodiment schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is total powerstation of the present invention or transit centralizer bearing calibration centralizer adjustment horizontalization preferred embodiment schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is total powerstation of the present invention or another preferred embodiment schematic flow sheet of transit centralizer bearing calibration;
Wherein, 1 is floor point, and 5 is stability of cavern roof point, 10 for measuring cotton rope, and 11 for measuring industrial siding pendant, and it is with wired pendant tip point, 30 be top board, 40 for floor, 20 is instrument (including but not limited to total powerstation or transit), and 21 is instrument support, 24 is centring under point device, and 26 is the upper centralizer of point, and 50 is panel board, 51a-51d is adjusting screw, and 51a is top screw, and 51c is following screw, 51b is the right screw, and 51d is left side screw.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, and obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
When total powerstation of the present invention or transit centralizer bearing calibration operation, as shown in Figure 2, usually instrument 20(is included but not limited to total powerstation or transit) be placed on instrument support 21, instrument 20 comprises at least one a little gone up in centralizer 26 and centring under point device 24, usually, centralizer 26 a little gone up by some instruments 20 and there is no centring under point device 24, some instruments 20 a little descend centralizer 24 and there is no the upper centralizer 26 of point, and some instruments 20 a little descending simultaneously centralizer 24 and the upper centralizer 26 of point, the present invention is all applicable to above instrument 20.
Centralizer of the present invention both can be crosshair, and can be also dot, the present invention there is no specific restriction to this.
A kind of total powerstation of the present invention or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer, typical implementing procedure, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
101, the step of standard point is set
Measurement cotton rope 10 upper end is fixed on the stability of cavern roof point 5 of top board 30, measures cotton rope and naturally droop, transfer and measure line pendant 11 to floor 40, cotton rope lower end, mark floor point 1, described floor point 1 diameter is less than 1mm, as shown in Figure 2.
Described measurement cotton rope is for measuring special cotton rope, and one end is with measurement industrial siding pendant.
102, the step of instrument centering
After mark floor point 1, accepted by measurement cotton rope, by instrument support 20, instrument 20 is erected at directly over floor point 1, as shown in Figure 3, suppose that present orientation is 0 degree of direction, centralizer aims at floor point 1;
Further, by instrument rotation angles degree 90, repeat above step, make centralizer aim at floor point 1.
Described angle Q scope is [0,180] degree, preferably 90 degree and 180 degree, and the clockwise or counter clockwise direction of sense of rotation, is not particularly limited.
Described floor point 1 can be a round dot, also can be a cross point.
By this step, make instrument and floor point 1 and stability of cavern roof point 5 on same pedal line, realize the centering of instrument.
103, the step of instrument horizontalization
Whether arrange according to instrument and a little go up centralizer or/and centring under point device, carry out horizontalization in the following ways.
Centralizer adjustment horizontalization on 103-1 point
Open centralizer protecting cover, the crosshair of centralizer 26 or the relative position of dot and floor point 1 on observation point, adjust four adjusting screws according to relative position, particularly, comprising:
A1) in the adjustment of above-below direction horizontalization, described above-below direction refers to the front and back of observer;
If above the crosshair of floor point 1 centralizer on point or dot, then loose top screw, tight screw below; Optionally, first half is adjusted during the tight screw below of pine top screw, then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjusts second half and (it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, horizontalization can certainly be reached by means of only adjustment adjusting screw, but fine motion instrument base another part again after an adjusting screw adjustment part, the injustice impact that different azimuth causes can be eliminated, reach better horizontalization effect, the adjusting range of described adjusting screw is optional, such as 1/3,1/4 etc. can, be not particularly limited, but adjustment half can reach horizontalization effect the soonest; Which is equally applicable to follow-up horizontalization adjustment herein); If crosshair or the dot of floor point 1 and the upper centralizer of point still do not overlap, then continue to adjust (proceeding the step of instrument horizontalization), until floor point 1 and point above the crosshair of centralizer or dot overlap.
As shown in Figure 4, then loose top screw 51a, tight screw 51b below above the crosshair of floor point 1 centralizer 26 on point or dot; Optionally, first half is adjusted, then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjustment during the tight screw 51b below of loose top screw 51a; If crosshair or the dot of floor point 1 and the upper centralizer of point still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until floor point 1 and point above the crosshair of centralizer or dot overlap.
If floor point 1 is at the crosshair of upper centralizer or the below of dot, then Panasonic limit screw, tight top screw; Optionally, during the tight top screw of Panasonic's limit screw, first adjust half, then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjustment; If crosshair or the dot of floor point 1 and the upper centralizer of point still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until floor point 1 and point above the crosshair of centralizer or dot overlap.
B1) in the adjustment of left and right directions horizontalization, described left and right directions refers to the right and left of observer;
If floor point 1 is the crosshair of centralizer or the left of dot on point, then loose left side screw, tight the right screw; Optionally, half can be adjusted, then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjustment during the screw of loose left side screw tight the right; If the crosshair of floor point 1 and upper centralizer or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until floor point 1 and point go up the crosshair of centralizer or dot overlaps.
If floor point 1 is the crosshair of centralizer or the right of dot on point, then pine the right screw, tight left side screw; Optionally, can the pine the right screw tight left side screw time adjustment half, then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjustment; If crosshair or the dot of floor point 1 and the upper centralizer of point still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until floor point 1 and point above the crosshair of centralizer or dot overlap.
Further, by instrument rotation angles degree Q, above step is repeated.
Described angle Q scope is [0,180] degree, preferably 90 degree and 180 degree, and the clockwise or counter clockwise direction of sense of rotation, is not particularly limited.
The above is in the adjustment of above-below direction horizontalization and adjust at left and right directions horizontalization, both first can carry out the adjustment of above-below direction horizontalization and carry out the adjustment of left and right directions horizontalization again, also first can carry out the adjustment of left and right directions horizontalization and carry out the adjustment of above-below direction horizontalization again, order is not particularly limited.
103-2 centring under point device adjustment horizontalization
Equally, to guarantee that top board hanging wire point, instrument centring under point device and floor are o'clock on a pedal line before adjustment, telescope axle is perpendicular to instrument vertical pivot, telescope axle being collimation axis, requiring that when adjusting centralizer collimation axis is vertical with instrument vertical pivot, namely the perpendicular dish of instrument is to 0 degree of orientation, is 90 degree for zenith distance.
Under observation point, the crosshair of centralizer 24 or dot and line fall the relative position of tip point, adjust, particularly, comprising according to relative position:
A2) adjust at fore-and-aft direction horizontalization
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device 24 or the front (object lens) of dot, then loose front screw, tight back screw, optionally, during loose front screw, first adjust half, during tight back screw, first adjust half, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and lower centralizer or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust (proceeding the step of instrument horizontalization), until line falls the crosshair of tip point and centring under point device or dot overlaps.
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the rear (eyepiece) of dot, then loose back screw, tight front screw, optionally, during loose back screw, first adjust half, during tight front screw, first adjust half, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and upper centralizer or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until line falls the crosshair of tip point and centring under point device or dot overlaps.
B2) adjust at left and right directions horizontalization
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the left of dot, then loose left side screw, tight the right screw.Optionally, first can adjust half during loose left side screw, adjustment half during tight the right screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until line falls the crosshair of tip point and centring under point device or dot overlaps.
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the right of dot, then pine the right screw, tight left side screw.Optionally, first can adjust half during the screw of pine the right, during tight left side screw, adjust half, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until line falls the crosshair of tip point and centring under point device or dot overlaps.
Further, by instrument rotation angles degree Q, above step is repeated.
Optionally, described angle Q scope is [0,180] degree, preferably 90 degree and 180 degree, and the clockwise or counter clockwise direction of sense of rotation, is not particularly limited.
The above the above the adjustment of fore-and-aft direction horizontalization with adjust at left and right directions horizontalization, both first can carry out the adjustment of fore-and-aft direction horizontalization and carry out the adjustment of left and right directions horizontalization again, also first can carry out the adjustment of left and right directions horizontalization and carry out the adjustment of fore-and-aft direction horizontalization again, order is not particularly limited.
As a kind of embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, after the step of instrument horizontalization, carry out the judgement of whether centering horizontalization, if so, then complete trimming process, otherwise, return the step of repetition instrument centering and the step of instrument horizontalization, until complete trimming process.This enforcement makes in trimming process, in and horizontalization repeatedly carry out, back and forth can reach good calibration result by two processes.
Whether fall tip point with line by centralizer under observation point to overlap, do not overlap, loosen or tighten four screws, adjustment centralizer center falls tip point with line and overlaps, and the anglec of rotation is guaranteed to overlap further, then gib screw, above step makes instrument centralizer center in any direction all fall tip point with line to overlap.
Especially, for the instrument not having centring under point device, if line is fallen when guaranteeing that collimation axis and vertical pivot are vertical tip point institute to note at any 2 at 0 degree and 90 scales respectively to the telescopical top of instrument and overlap and be alignment on instrument, if do not overlap by upper described step adjustment, that is to say and do not have the instrument of centring under point device that the method can be adopted to mark.
The present invention utilizes line to fall centering, by the relative position of centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point, instrument is adjusted from several direction up and down, instrument is made to reach the requirement of centering horizontalization, this method makes full use of instrument existing structure, be easy to operation and do not increase additional complexity, the instrumental correction demand of the scenes such as construction or indoor can be met, can find from theoretical analysis and field measurement, the present invention can effectively lowering apparatus centralizer error to the Accuracy of wire, centerline position.
These are only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the embodiment of the present invention discloses, the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (6)
1. total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer, comprises the step, the step of instrument centering and the step of instrument horizontalization that arrange standard point, it is characterized in that,
The step of set standard point is, measurement cotton rope upper end is fixed on the stability of cavern roof point of top board, measures cotton rope and naturally droops, and transfers and measures cotton rope lower end measurement industrial siding pendant to floor, mark floor point;
The step of described instrument centering is, by instrument support, total powerstation or transit is erected at directly over the point of floor, and setting present orientation is 0 degree of direction, and centralizer aims at floor point, and the crosshair of centralizer or dot remain on a vertical with measurement cotton rope; By total powerstation or transit anglec of rotation Q, repeat the step of described instrument centering, make centralizer aim at floor point, described angle Q scope is [0,180] degree;
The step of described instrument horizontalization is, the relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw; By total powerstation or transit anglec of rotation Q, repeat the step of described instrument horizontalization, described angle Q scope is [0,180] degree; Wherein, described standard point is described floor point or line pendant tip point;
After described instrument horizontalization, carry out whether in and the judgement of horizontalization, if so, then instrumental correction terminates; Otherwise, repeatedly carry out above-mentioned instrument in and the step of instrument horizontalization, until complete trimming process.
2. total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described floor spot diameter is less than 1mm.
3. total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw and is:
If above the crosshair of floor point centralizer on point or dot, then loose top screw, tight following screw, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap;
If floor point is the crosshair of centralizer or the below of dot on point, then Panasonic limit screw, tight top screw, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap;
If floor point is the crosshair of centralizer or the left of dot on point, then loose left side screw, screw on the right of tight, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap;
If floor point is the crosshair of centralizer or the right of dot on point, then screw on the right of pine, tight left side screw, if the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot still do not overlap, then continue to adjust, until the crosshair of floor point and the upper centralizer of point or dot overlap.
4. total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, when pine screw, during tight another side screw, pine on one side screw and tight another side screw respectively adjusts half, and then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjusts second half.
5. total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described relative position according to centralizer crosshair or dot and standard point adjusts adjusting screw and is:
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the front of dot, then loose top screw, tight screw below, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap;
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the rear of dot, then Panasonic limit screw, tight top screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap;
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the left of dot, then loose left side screw, tight the right screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap;
If the line pendant crosshair of tip point at centring under point device or the right of dot, then pine the right screw, tight left side screw, if the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot still do not overlap, then continue adjustment, until the crosshair of line pendant tip point and centring under point device or dot overlap.
6. total powerstation or the bearing calibration of transit centralizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, when pine screw, during tight another side screw, pine on one side screw and tight another side screw respectively adjusts half, and then fine motion instrument base horizontalization adjusts second half.
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| CN103680921A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 天威保变（秦皇岛）变压器有限公司 | Sleeving locating method of coil of large-sized power transformer |
| CN103776467B (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2016-06-22 | 孙江 | The centering method of laser centring device under the control point of theodolite |
| CN108072963A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-05-25 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Correct method of the optics to prism base |
| CN109425951A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-05 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Optics is to prism base means for correcting and its an application method |
| CN108151723B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-05-25 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Method for correcting prism centering rod |
| CN108759806A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-06 | 中铁二局第工程有限公司 | A kind of calibration measures centering lever apparatus and its application method |
| CN110849319A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-28 | 陕西交通职业技术学院 | Calibration device and method for Lycra base plummet device |
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| US3324758A (en) * | 1963-08-12 | 1967-06-13 | Univ California | Optical plumb for a transit having a telescope such that the telescope can view through a compass at a point below the transit |
| CA967358A (en) * | 1973-09-26 | 1975-05-13 | Joseph Gleba | Optical plumb bob and method |
| CN2362101Y (en) * | 1999-01-04 | 2000-02-02 | 福建省福鼎市测绘器材厂 | Tripod with alignment plumb |
| WO2009100774A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Trimble Ab | Localizing a surveying instrument in relation to a ground mark |
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