CN108759799B - Laser positioning system for lofting of side slope frame grid beam and use method - Google Patents
Laser positioning system for lofting of side slope frame grid beam and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108759799B CN108759799B CN201810782485.2A CN201810782485A CN108759799B CN 108759799 B CN108759799 B CN 108759799B CN 201810782485 A CN201810782485 A CN 201810782485A CN 108759799 B CN108759799 B CN 108759799B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
- G01C15/008—Active optical surveying means combined with inclination sensor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser positioning system for lofting of a side slope frame grid beam and a use method thereof. The invention can realize accurate positioning lofting, and extends from one vertical frame grid beam to the transverse frame grid beam and the frame grid beams around the transverse frame grid beam, and further extends and extends to the whole lofting slope. The laser positioning system can ensure the requirements of the sash Liang Zhongxian on lofting precision, can extend and expand to the whole slope by utilizing the characteristics of the sash Liang Zhongxian, greatly improves the construction production efficiency, avoids the occurrence of a great number of personnel working conditions, and reduces the construction cost and simultaneously ensures the construction progress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rapid and accurate positioning of a sash Liang Zhongxian in a side slope construction process, in particular to a laser positioning system for lofting of a side slope frame lattice beam and a use method thereof.
Background
In the practical activities of civil engineering production, along with engineering construction and development of railways, highways, water conservancy or sites and the like, a great deal of slope engineering is involved. The current common slope protection mainly comprises the construction of a lattice beam type, the appearance quality requirement is very high, the shape of a flat vertical line is smooth and straight, and the surface is flat. Accurate lofting must be performed on each lattice beam to ensure its appearance quality, so that alignment of the lines can be ensured. Traditional construction lofting mainly relies on the survey crew to loft every sash Liang Zhongxian, and the workman adopts the drill steel to fix a position and hang the line mark. The construction, measurement and lofting workload of the method is very large, particularly in slope construction with longer battlefields, the condition that measurement staff is insufficient frequently occurs, and the working face needs to be sequentially queued for lofting by the measurement staff; or the part just lofting is finished, the worker can not correct the part by carelessly touching or damaging the part, and can only wait for the measuring staff to loft again. Thus, the site construction efficiency is extremely low, the unnecessary construction cost is increased, and the construction progress is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a laser positioning system for lofting of a side slope frame lattice beam and a use method thereof, wherein one vertical frame lattice beam is expanded to a transverse frame lattice beam and a frame lattice beam at the periphery of the transverse frame lattice beam, so that the purpose of expanding to the whole slope lofting is realized. The laser positioning system not only can ensure the requirements of the sash Liang Zhongxian on lofting precision, but also can extend and expand to the whole slope by utilizing the characteristics of the sash Liang Zhongxian, greatly improves the construction production efficiency, avoids the occurrence of a great number of personnel work conditions, reduces the construction cost and simultaneously ensures the construction progress.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the laser positioning system for lofting of the side slope frame grid beam comprises a transmitting device and a switching device, wherein the transmitting device is used for transmitting laser wires with well-regulated azimuth, and the switching device is used for expanding the laser wires to the whole lofting slope;
the structure of the transmitting device is as follows: the bottom of the device is provided with a leveling unit for adjusting the launching device, a vertical upright rod is fixed on the leveling unit, and a sliding unit is sleeved on the vertical upright rod; the sliding unit clamps the vertical scale in a groove at the side edge of the sliding unit through a first fastening bolt; the specific structure of the sliding unit is as follows: a sliding groove is formed in the middle of a sliding block which moves up and down along the vertical upright rod, a first adjusting screw rod for fixing the sliding unit on the vertical upright rod is arranged on the side face of the sliding block, the other side face of the sliding block is connected with a laser pen fixing unit through a first connecting screw rod, and a 90-degree compass and a horizontal pointer are arranged on the sliding block, which are close to the sliding groove, in a consolidation mode, and the 90-degree compass and the horizontal pointer are required to be kept vertical to the vertical upright rod; setting a first angle pointer on the inner side of the laser pen fixing unit in a consolidation mode, wherein the first angle pointer is required to be consistent with the center of the laser pen fixing unit and rotates simultaneously along with the rotation of the transmitting device; a laser pen is fixed on the laser pen fixing unit, and a first wire hanging hook is fixed at the lower end of the sliding block;
the structure of the switching device is as follows: the tripod is provided with a leveling base, the leveling base is provided with a supporting and rotating unit, and a fine adjustment unit is arranged beside the supporting and rotating unit; the supporting and rotating unit is provided with a reflective mirror; the leveling base has the structure that: the horizontal adjusting screw rod is vertically arranged between the upper base and the lower base, and the surface of the upper base is provided with level bubbles and a chute baffle; the structure of the fine adjustment unit is as follows: two baffles are oppositely arranged between the two chute baffles, each baffle is contacted with a second adjusting screw rod, and the second adjusting screw rods are fixed on the upper base through nuts; the supporting and rotating unit structure is as follows: be fixed with 360 scale on the base, the base middle part is connected with the connector through the second connecting screw rod, and connector one side is fixed with the second angle pointer that uses with 360 scale cooperation be provided with the upper and lower regulation pole on the connector, the reflector is connected to the upper and lower regulation pole.
Further, the leveling unit structure is: a plurality of horizontal adjusting screws are vertically arranged around the adjusting flat plate, a central hole is formed in the center of the adjusting flat plate, and level bubbles are arranged on the adjusting flat plate, and the vertical upright rod is fixed on the adjusting flat plate.
Further, the adjusting flat plate is a triangular flat plate, and the horizontal adjusting screws are arranged in 3 and are respectively arranged at 3 vertex angles of the adjusting flat plate.
Furthermore, a rubber ring is additionally arranged at the tail part of the laser pen to prevent the laser pen from sliding off.
Further, the lower end of the connector is provided with a lower circular internal thread for being connected with a second connecting screw, and the upper end of the connector is provided with an upper reserved rectangular adjusting groove for being connected with a reflector.
Further, the upper and lower adjusting rods are fixed at the connector setting positions through second fastening bolts.
Further, the upper base and the lower base are triangular bases, 3 horizontal adjusting screws are arranged at the positions of the upper base, and the upper base and the lower base are respectively arranged at the positions of 3 vertex angles of the upper base.
Further, the reflector structure is: the outer frame is connected with the mirror body through the adapter, and a second wire hanging hook is fixed at the lower end of the outer frame.
The application method of the laser positioning system for lofting of the side slope frame grid beam comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting pre-buried pile point
Firstly, selecting the positions of observation points, lofting by a measuring staff, and pre-burying a measuring center line mark in a concrete pouring mode;
step 2: placement of a transmitting device
1) Leveling, namely placing the transmitting device on the top surface of the pile position, and roughly aligning the measuring mark through the central hole; the height of the horizontal adjusting screw is adjusted by observing the level bubble, so that the transmitting device is in a horizontal state;
2) After the transmitting device is leveled, the laser pen is adjusted to be in a vertical downward state, and the laser lead is used for centering;
3) Fine leveling, namely fine leveling is carried out on the transmitting device again after centering, so that the leveling bubble is ensured to be centered;
step 3: adjusting laser emission position
Calculating a laser pen emission height value h and an emission angle theta according to the elevation and the slope rate of the top surface of the frame beam and the height between the first line hanging hook and the center of the laser pen or the height between the second line hanging hook and the center of the reflector of the embedded pile point Gao Chengji in advance; firstly, according to a calculated height value h, adjusting the height position of a sliding unit through a vertical scale, and then according to an emission angle theta, rotating a laser pen fixing unit to adjust the emission angle;
step 4: mounting switching device
1) The position is selected, firstly, a reflector is utilized to roughly find the laser beam emission direction, and then the approximate fixed position of the tripod is determined; after the position is determined, a tripod is firstly installed, and rough leveling is performed; then the leveling base of the switching device is connected with the tripod platform, at the moment, whether the laser point is in the mirror body or not is observed, otherwise, the light source point is ensured to be in the mirror body by adjusting the height or the left and right positions of the tripod;
2) Leveling, namely adjusting the height of a horizontal adjusting screw by observing the level bubble to enable the switching device to be in a horizontal state;
step 5: accurate adjusting switching device
The vertical height and the horizontal displacement of the switching device are adjusted by observing the position of the laser beam light source of the reflector, so that the light source is positioned at the center of the cross-shaped silk scale; finally, other reflectors are adopted to correct the reflectors of the switching device to keep a vertical state with the laser beam; observing whether reflected laser beams are emitted or not by adopting other reflectors around the reflectors of the switching device, if so, adjusting the angle position of the reflectors by rotating the switching device until no reflected laser beams are emitted, determining that the laser beams and the reflectors are kept perpendicular, and recording initial angle values;
step 6: hanging wire and marking
After the switching device is precisely positioned, the central line of the sash beam is marked by a first wire hanging hook and a second wire hanging hook, and a standard post is adopted at a proper position to fix the stay wire again, and then the stay wire on the hook of the switching device is pulled;
step 7: transfer extension
Calculating an adjustment angle value in advance according to the refractive index of the reflector; the sending and releasing wire adjusts the reflecting angle of the reflector through the switching device, the adjusting angle value is calculated according to the initial angle value recorded in the step 5, and then the switching device 2 is installed according to the step 4 and the step 5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention can utilize laser to quickly and accurately position and loft the frame grid beam, and can utilize the switching device to realize the purpose of extending and expanding the frame grid beam to the whole slope loft.
2) The invention has high precision and strong operability, and can be operated by field technicians, even workers and the like to finish the frame beam lofting work only after professional measuring staff is required to set the positioning observation piles and outside the periodical correction work. Thus, the construction production efficiency is greatly improved, the construction situation of a large number of workers is avoided, the construction cost is reduced, and the construction progress is ensured.
3) The invention can well replace the current operation method to loft each sash Liang Zhongxian by a measuring staff, and the worker adopts steel bars for positioning and line marking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser positioning system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laser positioning system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a laser emitting device in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a laser emitting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the leveling unit structure in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a sliding unit structure in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a fixing unit of a laser pen in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at A-A in FIG. 3.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the switching device in the present invention.
Figure 10 is a front view of a leveling base in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 11 is a top view of a leveling base in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a trimming unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting and rotating unit in the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a connector structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a mirror structure in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a transmitting device; 2-switching devices; 3-laser wire; 4-stay wire; 5-pre-burying pile points; 6-leveling units; 7-vertical poles; 8-a sliding unit; 9-vertical scale; 10-a laser pen fixing unit; 11-a chute; 12-a first adjusting screw; 13-a horizontal adjusting screw; 14-leveling the bubbles; 15-a central hole; 16-horizontal pointer; 17-a first wire hanging hook; 18-a first angle pointer; 19-a first connecting screw; 20-compasses; 21-a rubber ring; 22-laser pen; 23-a first fastening bolt; 24-tripod; 25-leveling the base; 26-a fine tuning unit; 27-supporting a rotating unit; 28-a reflector; 29-a lower base; 30-upper base; 31-chute baffles; 32-nut; 33-a second adjusting screw; 34-baffle; 35-a base; 36-360 degree graduated scale; 37-a second angle pointer; 38-a connector; 39-adjusting the rod up and down; 40-a second fastening bolt; 41-a second connecting screw; 42-lower circular internal thread; 43-reserving a rectangular adjusting groove at the upper part; 44-a second wire hanging hook; 45-mirror body; 46-an adapter; 47-outer frame.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention provides a laser positioning system for lofting of a side slope frame grid beam, which comprises a leveling unit 6 of a transmitting device 1, a vertical upright rod 7, a sliding unit 8, a laser pen fixing unit 10, a tripod 24 of a vertical scale 9 switching device 2, a leveling base 25, a fine tuning unit 26, a supporting and rotating unit 27 and a reflecting mirror 28. The transmitting device 1 is arranged at a pre-buried pile point 5, wherein the pre-buried pile point 5 is an initial datum point of the whole lofting laser positioning system and is arranged at a fixed pile position on the top of a slope. The emitting device 1 is an initial device for laser emission, and the leveling unit 6 can ensure the horizontal stability of the device; the vertical pole 7 is fixed on the leveling unit 6 and keeps vertical state with the leveling unit; the sliding unit 8 is connected with the laser pen fixing unit 10 and is used for adjusting the height up and down; the laser pen fixing unit 10 is composed of a hoop member, a first angle pointer 18 and a laser pen 22. The switching device 2 is a device for receiving and turning and extending the whole laser lofting system, and the triangular frame 24 is a frame body of the supporting device which is firmly fixed on the side slope; the leveling base 25 and the tripod 24 platform are connected by bolts, so that the stability of the device can be ensured; the fine tuning unit 26 is a chute and a baffle 34 which are preset on the leveling base 25, and can horizontally adjust the displacement of the reflector 28 in the left and right directions; the supporting and rotating unit 27 is a device for fixing the reflector 28 and adjusting the height up and down and turning 360 degrees; the mirror 28 is a support for receiving and steering the laser light.
The position of the embedded pile point 5 is embedded with a measuring center mark by measuring a lofting mark in a concrete pouring mode, and the embedded position of the observation pile position is required to be selected on a stable and reliable side slope. In practice, periodic corrections should be made.
The leveling unit 6 of the launching device 1 is of an equilateral triangle structure, 3 horizontal adjusting screws 13 are arranged at equidistant triangle positions, and whether the launching device 1 is horizontal or not is judged by observing the horizontal air bubbles 14. A centering hole is reserved at the right center of the device, so that the laser beam can penetrate, and the device and the measuring mark can be centered. Reserving a scale notch on the side surface of the central position of the vertical pole 7, ensuring that the vertical scale 9 can penetrate to the top surface of the observation pile position, and facilitating the measurement and control of the elevation of the device to the central elevation H+ scale reading value Z=measurement lofting control elevation of the observation pile.
The vertical pole 7 of the launching device 1 is a rod fixed in the rectangular structure of the leveling unit 6 and kept vertical to the leveling unit, and the position of the vertical pole is designed to meet the requirement that the center hole 15 of the leveling unit 6 is consistent with the center of the laser pen 22.
The sliding unit 8 of the launching device 1 is arranged on the vertical pole 7, and the height of the device is adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the first adjusting screw 12 to enable the first adjusting screw to slide up and down along the pole. The fixed first connecting screw 19 is arranged on the other side of the fixed first connecting screw and cannot rotate to connect the laser pen fixing unit 10, and the 90-degree compass 20 and the horizontal pointer 16 are fixedly arranged on the side close to the chute, so that the 90-degree compass 20 and the horizontal pointer 16 are required to be kept vertical to the vertical rod 7 and cannot rotate. And a first wire hanging hook 17 is arranged at the bottom of the same side, the extension length of the first wire hanging hook 17 is required to be consistent with the center of the laser pen 22, and the height of the first wire hanging hook 17 at the center of the laser pen 22 = the height of the second wire hanging hook 44 of the switching device 2 at the center of the mirror body 45.
The laser pen fixing unit 10 of the transmitting device 1 is a hoop member for fixing the laser pen 22, is connected with the sliding unit 8 by screw threads, rotates along the screw, and is beneficial to angle adjustment. The first angle pointer 18 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the device, and is required to be consistent with the center of the device, and simultaneously rotates along with the rotation of the device. A rubber ring 21 is additionally arranged at the tail part of the laser pen 22 to prevent the laser pen from sliding off.
The vertical scale 9 of the launching device 1 is a steel ruler for measuring vertical height, and a notch is reserved on the penetrating leveling unit 6 to the top surface position of the embedded pile point 5; in order to keep it vertical, a groove-shaped slot of a fixing ruler is arranged on the chute device and is fixed by a fastening bolt.
The tripod 24 of the switching device 2 is a frame body of a three-leg supporting platform which can be telescopically adjusted, and a hole and a connecting bolt are reserved in the center of the frame body platform so as to be connected with a leveling base and stabilize an upper device.
The leveling base 25 of the switching device 2 adopts a double-layer structure, is integrally connected with each other through the horizontal adjusting screw 13, the lower base 29 is connected with the tripod 24 platform through bolts, the upper base 30 is similar to the leveling unit 6 of the transmitting device 1, adopts an equilateral triangle structure, and is provided with 3 horizontal adjusting screws 13 and leveling bubbles 14 for leveling the device.
The fine tuning unit 26 of the switching device 2 is arranged on the leveling base 25 and is used for adjusting the left and right displacement of the upper mirror body 45; reserving a chute according to the width of the base of the mirror body supporting device, and keeping the chute to move along the reserved chute; the movable baffle and the adjusting screw rod are arranged at the side of the displacement direction to push the base of the mirror body supporting device, so that the left and right displacement fine adjustment function is realized.
The supporting and rotating unit 27 of the switching device 2 is a device for vertically supporting and horizontally rotating the reflector 28, the center of the top surface of the base is provided with a second connecting screw 41, the root of the second connecting screw 41 is fixedly connected with the upper base 30, and the exposed part is screw threads; a 360 degree scale 36 is provided about the center of the base 30. The connector 38 is a special structure for connecting the device up and down, the lower part of the connector 38 is connected with the second connecting screw 41 by a bolt, the lower part of the connector is in a circular internal thread structure, the upper part of the connector 38 can only be adjusted by the rotation of the connector 38 in order to ensure that the mirror body 45 supports the adjusting rod and does not rotate or the angle changes, and the reserved groove of the connector 38 and the upper adjusting rod and the lower adjusting rod adopt rectangular structures; the up-down adjusting lever 39 is a fine adjustment device for the height of the mirror body 45, and is implemented by a second fastening bolt 40 provided to be connected thereto. The bottom of the connector 38 is provided with a second angle pointer 37 which is required to be always in a vertical state when being in a vertical plane with the mirror body 45.
The reflector 28 of the switching device 2 is fixed by adopting a hoop, and is in rotary connection with the hoop, so that the angle adjustment of the mirror body 45 is facilitated, and the center of the hoop is provided with a second wire hanging hook 44, and the center height of the second wire hanging hook and the mirror body 45 = the center height of the first wire hanging hook 17 and the laser pen 22.
The laser positioning system for lofting the side slope frame grid beam is implemented by the following steps:
step 1: setting pre-buried pile point 5
Firstly, selecting the positions of observation points, lofting by a measuring staff, and pre-burying a measuring center line mark in a concrete pouring mode;
step 2: the transmitting device 1 is arranged
1) Leveling, namely placing the transmitting device 1 on the top surface of the pile position, and roughly aligning the measuring mark through the central hole 15; the height of the horizontal adjusting screw 13 is adjusted by observing the level bubble 14, so that the launching device 1 is in a horizontal state;
2) After the leveling of the transmitting device 1, the laser pen 22 is adjusted to a vertically downward state, and the laser wire 3 is used for centering;
3) Leveling, namely leveling the emitter 1 again after centering, and ensuring centering of the leveling bubble 14;
step 3: adjusting laser emission position
Calculating a transmitting height value h and a transmitting angle theta of the laser pen 22 according to the top surface elevation of the frame beam, the slope rate, the height between the first wire hanging hook 17 and the center of the laser pen 22 of the embedded pile point 5 Gao Chengji or the height between the second wire hanging hook 44 and the center of the reflector 28 in advance; firstly, according to a calculated height value h, the height position of the sliding unit 8 is adjusted through the vertical scale 9, and then according to the emission angle theta, the laser pen fixing unit 10 is rotated to adjust the emission angle;
step 4: mounting adapter 2
1) The position is selected by first roughly looking for the laser beam emission direction using the mirror 28 and then determining the approximate fixed position of the tripod 24; after the position is determined, the tripod 24 is firstly installed and roughly leveled; then the leveling base 25 of the switching device 2 is connected with the platform of the tripod 24, at the moment, whether the laser point is in the mirror body 45 is observed, otherwise, the height or the left and right positions of the tripod 24 are adjusted to ensure that the light source point is in the mirror body 45;
2) Leveling, namely adjusting the height of the horizontal adjusting screw 13 through observing the leveling air bubble 14 to enable the switching device 2 to be in a horizontal state;
step 5: accurate adjusting switching device 2
The vertical height and the horizontal displacement of the switching device 2 are adjusted by observing the laser beam light source position of the reflector 28, so that the light source is positioned at the center of the cross-shaped silk scale; finally, the reflectors 28 of the other reflector correction switching device 2 are kept in a vertical state with the laser beams; observing whether reflected laser beams are emitted or not by adopting other reflectors around the reflector 28 of the switching device 2, if so, adjusting the angle position of the reflector 28 by rotating the switching device 2 until no reflected laser beams are emitted, determining that the laser beams and the reflector 28 are kept in a vertical device, and recording an initial angle value;
step 6: hanging wire and marking
After the switching device 2 is precisely positioned, the central line of the sash beam is marked by a first wire hanging hook 17 and a second wire hanging hook 44, and a marker post is adopted at a proper position to fix the pull wire 4 on the hook of the switching device 2 after the pull wire is re-fixed;
step 7: transfer extension
Calculating an adjustment angle value in advance according to the refractive index of the reflector; the feeding and releasing wire 4 adjusts the reflecting angle of the reflecting mirror 28 through the switching device 2, the adjusting angle value is calculated according to the initial angle value recorded in the step 5, and then the switching device 2 is installed according to the steps 4 and 5.
The invention is suitable for slope lattice beam protection engineering construction in engineering construction of railway, highway, water conservancy or field and the like. The system has high precision and strong operability, and can be operated by field technicians, even workers and the like to finish the lofting work of the lattice beam only after professional measuring staff is required to set the positioning observation piles and after the positioning observation piles are corrected regularly. The invention can not only ensure the lofting precision requirement of the sash Liang Zhongxian, but also has the biggest characteristic of being capable of extending and expanding to the whole slope, thus greatly improving the construction production efficiency, avoiding the occurrence of a great number of personnel labor-saving conditions, reducing the construction cost and simultaneously ensuring the construction progress.
Claims (9)
1. The laser positioning system for lofting of the side slope frame grid beam is characterized by comprising a transmitting device (1) and a switching device (2), wherein the transmitting device (1) is used for transmitting a laser wire (3) with a well-regulated azimuth, and the switching device (2) is used for expanding the laser wire (3) to the whole lofting slope;
the structure of the transmitting device (1) is as follows: the bottom is provided with a leveling unit (6) for adjusting the launching device (1), the leveling unit (6) is fixedly provided with a vertical pole (7), and the vertical pole (7) is sleeved with a sliding unit (8); the sliding unit (8) clamps the vertical scale (9) in a groove at the side edge of the sliding unit (8) through a first fastening bolt (23); the specific structure of the sliding unit (8) is as follows: a sliding groove (11) is formed in the middle of a sliding block which moves up and down along the vertical upright rod (7), a first adjusting screw (12) for fixing the sliding unit (8) on the vertical upright rod (7) is arranged on the side face of the sliding block, the other side face of the sliding block is connected with a laser pen fixing unit (10) through a first connecting screw (19), a 90-degree compass (20) and a horizontal pointer (16) are fixedly arranged on the side, close to the sliding groove (11), of the sliding block, and the 90-degree compass (20) and the horizontal pointer (16) are required to be kept vertical to the vertical upright rod (7); a first angle pointer (18) is fixedly arranged at the inner side of the laser pen fixing unit (10) and is required to be consistent with the center of the laser pen fixing unit, and the laser pen fixing unit rotate simultaneously along with the rotation of the transmitting device (1); a laser pen (22) is fixed on the laser pen fixing unit (10), and a first wire hanging hook (17) is fixed at the lower end of the sliding block;
the switching device (2) has the structure that: a leveling base (25) is arranged on the tripod (24), a supporting and rotating unit (27) is arranged on the leveling base (25), and a fine tuning unit (26) is arranged beside the supporting and rotating unit (27); a reflector (28) is arranged on the supporting and rotating unit (27); the leveling base (25) has the structure that: the horizontal adjusting screw rod (13) is vertically arranged between the upper base (30) and the lower base (29), and the surface of the upper base (30) is provided with level bubbles (14) and a chute baffle (31); the fine adjustment unit (26) has a structure that: two baffles (34) are oppositely arranged between the two chute baffles (31), each baffle (34) is contacted with a second adjusting screw (33), and the second adjusting screw (33) is fixed on the upper base (30) through a screw cap (32); the supporting and rotating unit (27) is of a structure that: be fixed with 360 scale (36) on base (35), base (35) middle part is connected with connector (38) through second connecting screw (41), and connector (38) one side is fixed with second angle pointer (37) that use with 360 scale (36) cooperation be provided with upper and lower regulation pole (39) on connector (38), upper and lower regulation pole (39) connect reflector (28).
2. A laser positioning system for lofting side slope lattice beams according to claim 1, characterized in that the leveling unit (6) is structured as: a plurality of horizontal adjusting screws (13) are vertically arranged around the adjusting flat plate, a central hole (15) is formed in the center of the adjusting flat plate, and a level bubble (14) is arranged on the adjusting flat plate, and the vertical upright rod (7) is fixed on the adjusting flat plate.
3. The laser positioning system for lofting of side slope lattice beams according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting plate is a triangular plate, and the horizontal adjusting screws (13) are arranged in 3 numbers and are respectively arranged at 3 vertex angles of the adjusting plate.
4. The laser positioning system for slope grid beam lofting according to claim 1, wherein a rubber ring (21) is additionally arranged at the tail of the laser pen (22) to prevent the laser pen (22) from sliding down.
5. A laser positioning system for lofting side slope lattice beams according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the connector (38) is provided with a lower circular internal thread (42) for connecting with a second connecting screw (41), and the upper end is provided with an upper reserved rectangular adjusting groove (43) for connecting with a reflector (28).
6. A laser positioning system for loft of side slope lattice beams according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower adjusting bars (39) are fixed in the set position of the connector (38) by means of second fastening bolts (40).
7. A laser positioning system for lofting side slope cellular beams according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper base (30) and the lower base (29) are triangular bases, where the horizontal adjusting screws (13) are also arranged 3, respectively at 3 top corners of the upper base (30).
8. A laser positioning system for slope lattice beam lofting according to claim 1, wherein the mirror (28) is structured as: the outer frame (47) is connected with the mirror body (45) through the adapter (46), and a second wire hanging hook (44) is fixed at the lower end of the outer frame (47).
9. A method of using the laser positioning system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1: set pre-buried pile point (5)
Firstly, selecting the positions of observation points, lofting by a measuring staff, and pre-burying a measuring center line mark in a concrete pouring mode;
step 2: placement emitter (1)
1) Leveling, namely placing the transmitting device (1) on the top surface of the pile position, and roughly aligning the measuring mark through the central hole (15); the height of the horizontal adjusting screw rod (13) is adjusted through observing the level bubble (14), so that the launching device (1) is in a horizontal state;
2) After the emission device (1) is leveled, the laser pen (22) is adjusted to a vertically downward state, and the laser wire (3) is used for centering;
3) Fine leveling, after centering, fine leveling is carried out on the transmitting device (1) again, so that the leveling bubble (14) is centered;
step 3: adjusting laser emission position
Calculating an emission height value h and an emission angle theta of the laser pen (22) in advance according to the elevation and the slope rate of the top surface of the frame beam and the height between the first wire hanging hook (17) and the center of the laser pen (22) or the height between the second wire hanging hook (44) and the center of the reflector (28) of the embedded pile point (5) Gao Chengji; firstly, according to a calculated height value h, the height position of a sliding unit (8) is adjusted through a vertical scale (9), and then according to an emission angle theta, a laser pen fixing unit (10) is rotated to adjust the emission angle;
step 4: mounting adapter (2)
1) Position selection, namely firstly roughly searching the laser beam emission direction by using a reflector (28), and then determining the approximate fixed position of the tripod (24); after the position is determined, a tripod (24) is firstly installed and roughly leveled; then the leveling base (25) of the switching device (2) is connected with the tripod (24) platform, at the moment, whether the laser point is in the mirror body (45) or not is observed, otherwise, the light source point is ensured to be in the mirror body (45) by adjusting the height or the left and right positions of the tripod (24);
2) Leveling, namely adjusting the height of a horizontal adjusting screw (13) through observing the level bubble (14) to enable the switching device (2) to be in a horizontal state;
step 5: accurate adjusting switching device (2)
The vertical height and the horizontal displacement of the switching device (2) are adjusted by observing the position of the laser beam light source of the reflector (28), so that the light source is positioned at the center of the cross-shaped silk scale; finally, other reflectors are adopted to correct the reflectors (28) of the switching device (2) to keep a vertical state with the laser beam; observing whether reflected laser beams are emitted or not by adopting other reflectors around the reflectors (28) of the switching device (2), if so, adjusting the angle position of the reflectors (28) by rotating the switching device (2) until no reflected laser beams are emitted, determining that the laser beams and the reflectors (28) are kept in a vertical device, and recording initial angle values;
step 6: hanging wire and marking
After the switching device (2) is precisely positioned, the central line of the sash beam is marked by a first wire hanging hook (17) and a second wire hanging hook (44), and a pulling wire (4) on the hook of the switching device (2) is fixed again by a marker post at a proper position;
step 7: transfer extension
Calculating an adjustment angle value in advance according to the refractive index of the reflector; the sending and releasing wire (4) adjusts the reflecting angle of the reflecting mirror (28) through the switching device (2), the adjusting angle value is calculated according to the initial angle value recorded in the step 5, and then the switching device (2) is installed according to the steps 4 and 5.
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