CN106928764A - 一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，按重量份包括下列原料：耐腐蚀树脂50‑70份，微胶囊10‑30份，稀释剂5‑10份，增稠剂1‑10份，微胶囊由囊材和芯材制成，囊材为高分子材料的多孔微球，芯材为具有自修复功能的水中胶粘剂，微胶囊的粒径为5‑20微米，增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、磷酸三甲苯酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的一种或者几种，与改性膨润土、改性凹凸棒土中的一种或者两种的组合。本发明的水性海洋防腐漆可以对海洋环境下的腐蚀做出迅速的自我识别与修复。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于海洋用腐蚀防护领域，具体涉及一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆及其制备方法。
背景技术
海洋环境是非常严酷的腐蚀环境，海洋船舶及海洋工程设施的几乎所有部位都需要进行腐蚀防护，我国海洋辽阔，海岸线长，资源丰富，港口众多，对海洋资源的开发和利用越来越深入。面临的海洋防腐问题也逐渐增多，有效的防腐保护对海洋经济的发展起着越来越重要的作用。海洋及海岸设施长期处于恶劣的海洋环境腐蚀之中，对配套的保护材料要求很高，传统的防腐涂料以及热喷铝、锌技术很难满足使用要求。虽然热喷锌、铝有很好的防腐效果，但其复杂的施工工艺，对底材的苛刻要求以及污染环境等问题日益激发了人们的创新意识，希望找到一种更方便、快捷/安全、持久的防护技术。
在海洋防腐涂料研究中，多以溶剂型涂料为主，通过在基底上形成一层保护膜而避免基底与腐蚀性介质的直接接触而达到防腐的目的。然而，现今使用的大部分涂料通常是以有机试剂为溶剂，在使用过程中有机溶剂的释放会产生大量的有毒物质，这些有毒物质进入海洋中会污染海洋环境，破坏海洋资源，危害人类健康。因此，发展环保型的水性防腐涂料，对海洋防腐保护环境有重要的意义。
现在市面上的水性防腐涂料，在使用过程中面临着一次性使用的难题，即当防腐蚀涂层破裂之后，在破裂处腐蚀便会发生，涂层将不能继续发挥防腐蚀能力，而且微小的缝隙会加速腐蚀。因此，提高防腐蚀涂层的使用寿命，增强涂层的耐腐蚀性能是现在防腐涂料研究的焦点。作为最新发展的一种技术手段，将微胶囊自修复技术应用于防腐蚀涂料可以有效的解决这一问题。
而现有技术的微胶囊因负载的试剂的不同而起到的防腐效果有效，且防腐涂层或涂料因为材料配比的不同造成活性成分降低，防腐持久度下降，以及制备过程过于复杂或简单，不能持久保持良好的防腐效果。
发明内容
针对现有技术的问题，本发明的水性海洋防腐漆采用了微胶囊结构，采用高分子材料形式的多孔微球负载水中胶粘剂，并选用粒径合适的微胶囊，选用特定的原料配比，原料中添加了改性膨润土、改性凹凸棒土，改善了原材料的优良性能，同时增加了产品的耐腐蚀性和耐热性，而且本发明制备方法简单，成本低，适合大规模生产。
本发明的具体技术方案如下：
一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，其特征在于，按重量份包括下列原料：
耐腐蚀树脂50-70份，
微胶囊10-30份，
稀释剂5-10份，
增稠剂1-10份，
其中所述微胶囊由囊材和芯材制成，所述囊材为高分子材料的多孔微球，所述芯材为具有自修复功能的水中胶粘剂，所述微胶囊的粒径为5-20微米，所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、磷酸三甲苯酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的一种或者几种，与改性膨润土、改性凹凸棒土中的一种或者两种的组合。
本发明所述的防腐漆，进一步还在于，所述的稀释剂为乙酸乙酯、丙二醇、醋酸、醋酸丁酯中的任意一种。
本发明所述的防腐漆，进一步还在于，所述的耐腐蚀树脂为环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、醇酸树脂、酚醛树脂中的任意一种。
一种加工上述水性海洋防腐漆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)用相分离法制备高分子材料的多孔微球负载水中胶粘剂的微胶囊；
2)将微胶囊和耐腐蚀树脂混合，以800-1200转/分钟下持续搅拌30-45分钟；以3℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃，回流0.5小时，降温至50℃，保温1-3小时；
3)再加入稀释剂，在40℃温度下，持续搅拌80-90分钟，然后静置，在室温下自然降温2小时；
5)最后加入增稠剂，震荡混合30分钟，再在25℃下持续搅拌24个小时，然后静置5小时得到最终的水性海洋防腐漆。
经过无数次试验和制备，总结出上述合适的生产加工流程和方法，生产得到的水性海洋防腐漆的防腐效果良好且持久度好，产品的耐热性等各种性能优良。
本发明的具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，通过多次试验研究和实际测试，优选了特定粒径和负载剂的微胶囊，选取了防腐效果很好的特定成分配比的原料，能够获得的防腐漆活性成分很高，自修复性能越好，能够起到很好的防腐作用，且原料中添加了改性膨润土、改性凹凸棒土，改善了原材料的优良性能，同时增加了产品的耐腐蚀性和耐热性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，按重量份包括下列原料：环氧树脂70份，微胶囊30份，醋酸丁酯5份，增稠剂8份，其中微胶囊由囊材和芯材制成，所述囊材为高分子材料的多孔微球，芯材为具有自修复功能的水中胶粘剂，微胶囊的粒径为15微米，增稠剂为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和改性凹凸棒土。
制备方法为：
1)用相分离法制备高分子材料的多孔微球负载水中胶粘剂的微胶囊；
2)将微胶囊和环氧树脂混合，以800-1200转/分钟下持续搅拌30-45分钟；以3℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃，回流0.5小时，降温至50℃，保温1-3小时；
3)再加入醋酸丁酯，在40℃温度下，持续搅拌80分钟，然后静置，在室温下自然降温2小时；
5)最后加入邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和改性凹凸棒土，震荡混合30分钟，再在25℃下持续搅拌24个小时，然后静置5小时得到最终的水性海洋防腐漆。
实施例2
一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，按重量份包括下列原料：丙烯酸树脂60份，微胶囊25份，乙酸乙酯8份，增稠剂5份，其中微胶囊由囊材和芯材制成，所述囊材为高分子材料的多孔微球，芯材为具有自修复功能的水中胶粘剂，微胶囊的粒径为10微米，增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素和改性膨润土。
一种加工上述水性海洋防腐漆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)用相分离法制备高分子材料的多孔微球负载水中胶粘剂的微胶囊；
2)将微胶囊和丙烯酸树脂混合，以800-1200转/分钟下持续搅拌30-45分钟；以3℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃，回流0.5小时，降温至50℃，保温1-3小时；
3)再加入乙酸乙酯，在40℃温度下，持续搅拌90分钟，然后静置，在室温下自然降温2小时；
5)最后加入羧甲基纤维素和改性膨润土，震荡混合30分钟，再在25℃下持续搅拌24个小时，然后静置5小时得到最终的水性海洋防腐漆。
进行了大量实验结果表明，经过同样的三个月左右的时间后，相对于其他混合比例和现有技术的防腐漆，本申请的混合比例得到的防腐漆的防腐效果明显优于现有技术的防腐漆，具有更好的防腐自修复效果。
当然，本发明还可以有多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明的公开做出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明的权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，其特征在于，按重量份包括下列原料：
耐腐蚀树脂50-70份，
微胶囊10-30份，
稀释剂5-10份，
增稠剂1-10份，
其中所述微胶囊由囊材和芯材制成，所述囊材为高分子材料的多孔微球，所述芯材为具有自修复功能的水中胶粘剂，所述微胶囊的粒径为5-20微米，所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、磷酸三甲苯酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯中的一种或者几种，与改性膨润土、改性凹凸棒土中的一种或者两种的组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，其特征在于，所述的稀释剂为乙酸乙酯、丙二醇、醋酸、醋酸丁酯中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有自修复性能的水性海洋防腐漆，其特征在于，所述的耐腐蚀树脂为环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、醇酸树脂、酚醛树脂中的任意一种。
4.一种如权利要求1或2或3所述的水性海洋防腐漆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)用相分离法制备高分子材料的多孔微球负载水中胶粘剂的微胶囊；
2)将微胶囊和耐腐蚀树脂混合，以800-1200转/分钟下持续搅拌30-45分钟；以3℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃，回流0.5小时，降温至50℃，保温1-3小时；
3)再加入稀释剂，在40℃温度下，持续搅拌80-90分钟，然后静置，在室温下自然降温2小时；
5)最后加入增稠剂，震荡混合30分钟，再在25℃下持续搅拌24个小时，然后静置5小时得到最终的水性海洋防腐漆。
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